Passive house based on energy storage and complementation of Trombe wall and vertical sleeve type heat exchange system

Abstract

The invention discloses a Trombe wall and vertical casing pipe type heat exchange system complementary passive house based on energy storage, and belongs to the technical field of energy-saving buildings, the Trombe wall and vertical casing pipe type heat exchange system complementary passive house comprises a vertical buried pipe type heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body and a curtain wall assembly, and the vertical buried pipe type heat exchange system is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the building body; the phase-change energy storage wall is divided into a phase-change energy storage inner wall and a phase-change energy storage outer wall, the phase-change energy storage inner wall is arranged in the building body, the phase-change energy storage outer wall is arranged on the sunny side and the top surface outside the building body, the curtain wall assembly is arranged on the outer side of the phase-change energy storage outer wall, and a Trombe wall cavity is formed between the outer side of the phase-change energy storage outer wall and the curtain wall assembly. According to the Trombe wall and vertical sleeve type heat exchange system complementary passive house based on energy storage, through collaborative design of the vertical buried pipe type heat exchange system, the Trombe wall cavity, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body and the curtain wall assembly, multi-system energy complementation and efficient regulation are achieved, and the energy-saving effect and indoor environment comfort of a building in different seasons are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving buildings, and in particular to a passive house based on a complementary Trombe wall and a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system for energy storage. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global climate change and the energy crisis, building energy conservation has become a crucial issue for achieving sustainable development. Passive buildings, as a key approach to building energy conservation, offer significant energy-saving potential by optimizing building envelope design, fully utilizing natural energy, and minimizing reliance on active energy systems. However, practical application of passive building technology still faces numerous challenges. Among existing energy-saving building technologies, passive house systems often suffer from problems such as a spatial and temporal mismatch between energy supply and demand, and low multi-system coordination efficiency. Traditional soil-to-air heat exchange systems, affected by burial depth and soil temperature and humidity, are inefficient in winter and prone to condensation. Their cooling effect is also diminished in summer due to rising soil temperatures. Trombe wall structures typically rely solely on a single cavity for heat exchange, making them unable to meet the heating needs of deep buildings in winter and unable to effectively guide natural ventilation in summer. Phase-change energy storage materials, when used solely in walls, often suffer from a mismatch between the phase change temperature and indoor thermal demand, leading to delayed heat storage and release. This leads to problems such as poor matching of the phase change temperature with indoor thermal requirements and poor thermal conductivity, making it difficult to achieve bidirectional thermal disturbance suppression. In addition, most existing systems operate independently and lack the complementary design of active and passive technologies, making it difficult to achieve efficient energy saving throughout the year in different climate zones. There is an urgent need to improve the comprehensive energy efficiency of passive houses through system integration and material optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a passive house based on energy storage and complementary Trombe walls and vertical sleeve heat exchange systems. Through the coordinated design of the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, Trombe wall cavity, phase change energy storage wall, building body and curtain wall components, multi-system energy complementarity and efficient regulation are achieved, solving the problems of energy supply and demand mismatch, low heat exchange efficiency, insufficient energy storage capacity, etc. in traditional passive house systems, thereby improving the building's energy saving effect and indoor environmental comfort in different seasons.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a passive house based on energy storage and a complementary Trombe wall and vertical sleeve heat exchange system, comprising a vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body and a curtain wall assembly, wherein the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is arranged at the bottom position of the outside of the building body; the Trombe wall cavity, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body and the curtain wall assembly are divided into a sunny side, a shady side and a top side according to the setting orientation, the phase change energy storage wall is divided into a phase change energy storage inner wall and a phase change energy storage outer wall, the phase change energy storage inner wall is arranged inside the building body, the phase change energy storage outer wall is arranged on the sunny side and the top side of the outside of the building body, the curtain wall assembly is arranged on the outside of the phase change energy storage outer wall, there is a gap between the outside of the phase change energy storage outer wall and the curtain wall assembly, and the Trombe wall cavity is formed between the phase change energy storage outer wall and the curtain wall assembly.

[0005] Preferably, the vertical buried tube heat exchange system is divided into a horizontal section and a vertical section, the vertical section is buried underground, and the horizontal section is arranged on the ground. The vertical buried tube heat exchange system includes an inner heat exchange tube and an outer heat exchange tube, the inner heat exchange tube is arranged inside the outer heat exchange tube and forms a sleeve structure, the outer side of the horizontal section and the upper section of the vertical section of the inner heat exchange tube is provided with an inner tube insulation layer, the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange tube and the pipe mouth position of the horizontal section of the outer heat exchange tube are provided with an air filter, the bottom end of the vertical section of the outer heat exchange tube is provided with a condensate water pump, and the pipe mouth position of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange tube is provided with a fan, the fan supplies air to the Trombe wall cavity through the bottom cavity inlet on the sunny side of the Trombe wall cavity, and the fan supplies air to the inside of the building body through the building near system side air outlet set at the bottom of the sunny side of the building body, and the cavity air inlet is located at the head end of the Trombe wall cavity.

[0006] Preferably, a building roof air vent is provided on the top of the building body; and a building remote system side air vent is provided on the bottom of the shady side of the building body.

[0007] Preferably, the curtain wall assembly includes a double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall and a heat-absorbing and waterproof cloth arranged on the outside of the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall.

[0008] Preferably, the heat-absorbing waterproof cloth is raised and lowered by a heat-absorbing waterproof cloth remote control device, and the heat-absorbing waterproof cloth remote control device is arranged at the junction of the top surface of the heat-absorbing waterproof cloth and the shady side of the building body.

[0009] Preferably, a cavity air outlet is provided on the top surface of the building body, and the cavity air outlet is located at the end of the Trombe wall cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the phase change energy storage outer wall is coated with a heat absorbing coating.

[0011] Preferably, the phase change energy storage inner wall comprises, from the inside to the outside, an interior finishing layer, a heat conducting layer, an inner wall phase change material layer and a back insulation layer. The inner wall phase change material layer is made of paraffin-expanded graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 20±1°C.

[0012] Preferably, the phase change energy storage outer wall includes an outer protective layer, a thermal insulation layer, an outer wall phase change material layer, a thermal conductivity enhancement component and a back protective layer from the outside to the inside. The outer wall phase change material layer adopts a paraffin-graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 22±1°C and is provided with aluminum fins to enhance thermal conductivity.

[0013] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned energy storage-based Trombe wall and vertical sleeve heat exchange system to complement the passive house. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system with sleeve structure utilizes the constant temperature characteristics of the underground, combined with the insulation of the heat exchange inner pipe and the condensate discharge design, to improve the heat exchange efficiency in winter and summer, effectively utilize geothermal energy, and reduce energy loss; the Trombe wall cavity is combined with the phase change energy storage outer wall, and the natural ventilation is enhanced by the wind extraction effect in summer, and the secondary heating and air supply in winter to form seasonal adaptive thermal management; the phase change energy storage inner and outer walls are respectively made of composite materials with phase change temperatures of 20±1℃ and 22±1℃, which bidirectionally weaken the indoor and outdoor temperature disturbances and maintain the stability of the indoor environment; the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall is combined with the liftable heat-absorbing waterproof cloth, which not only enhances the thermal insulation performance, but also can cope with the rainy season protection and improve the durability of the system; the modular assembly structure and the air closed-loop path design realize the seasonal use of the system and efficient heat exchange.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a passive house based on energy storage and a complementary Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of point I of an embodiment of a passive house based on energy storage and a complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-type heat exchange system according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an embodiment of the passive house based on the energy storage Trombe wall and the vertical shell and tube heat exchange system complementing each other according to the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals

[0019] 1. Building roof vents; 2. Heat-absorbing waterproof cloth remote control device; 3. Cavity air outlet; 4. Building body; 5. Phase-change energy storage interior wall; 6. Double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall; 7. Heat-absorbing waterproof cloth; 8. Trombe wall cavity; 9. Phase-change energy storage exterior wall; 10. Cavity air inlet; 11. Building near-system side vents; 12. Fan; 13. Air filter; 14. Heat exchange outer pipe; 15. Insulation layer of inner pipe; 16. Heat exchange inner pipe; 17. Condensate pump; 18. Heat-absorbing coating; 19. Building far-system side vents; A. Sunny side; B. Top surface; C. Shady side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The present invention provides a passive house based on energy storage and a complementary Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1-2 As shown, the structure includes a vertical buried heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity 8, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body 4, and a curtain wall assembly. The vertical buried heat exchange system is located at the bottom of the exterior of the building body 4. The Trombe wall cavity 8, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body 4, and the curtain wall assembly can be divided into a sunny side A, a shady side C, and a top side B according to their orientation. The phase change energy storage wall is divided into a phase change energy storage inner wall 5 and a phase change energy storage outer wall 9. The phase change energy storage inner wall 5 is located inside the building body 4, and the phase change energy storage outer wall 9 is located on the sunny side A and top side B of the building body 4.

[0024] The phase-change energy storage inner wall 5 consists, from the inside out, of an interior finishing layer, a thermally conductive layer, an inner wall phase-change material layer, and a back insulation layer. The inner wall phase-change material layer utilizes a paraffin-expanded graphite composite material with a phase transition temperature of 20±1°C. The phase-change energy storage outer wall 9, from the outside in, comprises, from the outside in, an outer protective layer, a thermally insulating layer, an outer wall phase-change material layer, a thermally conductive reinforcement member, and a back protective layer. The outer wall phase-change material layer utilizes a paraffin-graphite composite material with a phase transition temperature of 22±1°C and is equipped with aluminum fins to enhance thermal conductivity. The phase-change energy storage inner wall 5 absorbs and releases heat disturbances caused by indoor human activity, household appliances, and other factors, effectively maintaining a stable indoor air environment. Its modular assembly structure not only reduces indoor temperature fluctuations but also allows for intermittent operation in conjunction with the vertical buried heat exchange system, thereby improving the overall system efficiency. The phase change energy storage exterior wall 9 is used to cope with the heat transfer disturbance caused by outdoor temperature changes, which can reduce the heat transfer of the wall, reduce the heat load of the building, and achieve a two-way weakening of the influence of indoor and outdoor temperatures.

[0025] The exterior of the phase-change energy storage exterior wall 9 is equipped with a curtain wall assembly. A gap exists between the exterior of the phase-change energy storage exterior wall 9 and the curtain wall assembly, forming a Trombe wall cavity 8. The exterior of the phase-change energy storage exterior wall 9 is coated with a heat-absorbing coating 18. In summer, the Trombe wall cavity 8 heats the air, creating a draft effect that naturally drives the vertical buried heat exchange system and enhances ventilation and cooling. In winter, the Trombe wall cavity reheats the air processed by the vertical buried heat exchange system to meet indoor air supply requirements.

[0026] The vertical buried heat exchange system has a casing-and-tube structure, divided into horizontal and vertical sections. The vertical section is buried underground, while the horizontal section is located above ground. It includes an inner heat exchange tube 16 and an outer heat exchange tube 14. The inner heat exchange tube 16 is located inside the outer heat exchange tube 14. The outer portions of the horizontal and upper vertical sections of the inner heat exchange tube 16 are covered with an inner tube insulation layer 15. Air filters 13 are located at the pipe openings of the horizontal sections of the inner heat exchange tube 16 and the outer heat exchange tube 14. In this embodiment, both the inner heat exchange tube 16 and the outer heat exchange tube 14 are made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm. The diameter of the inner heat exchange tube 16 is 250 mm, while the diameter of the outer heat exchange tube 14 is 500 mm. The inner heat exchange tube 16 is wrapped with an inner tube insulation layer 15 in the horizontal section and 3 m below ground level to prevent the treated air from being reheated or cooled. A condensate pump 17 is provided at the bottom end of the vertical section of the heat exchange outer tube 14 to discharge the condensate generated during operation to avoid affecting the heat exchange efficiency and air quality of the system.

[0027] A fan 12 is installed at the nozzle of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange tube 16. Fan 12 supplies air to Trombe wall cavity 8 through a cavity inlet 10 at the bottom of the sunny side A of Trombe wall cavity 8. Fan 12 also supplies air to the interior of building 4 through a near-system side vent 11 located at the bottom of the sunny side A of building body 4. Cavity inlet 10 is located at the head end of Trombe wall cavity 8. The outer heat exchange tube 14 guides air downward, while the inner heat exchange tube 16 guides air backflow upward. An annular air channel is formed between the inner heat exchange tube 16 and the outer heat exchange tube 14. After heat exchange underground, the air is transported to the roof by the inner heat exchange tube 16. A roof vent 1 is installed at the top of building body 4, and a far-system side vent 19 is installed at the bottom of the shady side C of building body 4. The near-system side vent 11 and the far-system side vent 19 are symmetrically arranged. A cavity air outlet 3 is located at the top of the building body 4, at the end of the Trombe wall cavity 8. A fan 12, cavity air inlet 10, building system-side air outlet 11, Trombe wall cavity 8, roof air outlet 1, and cavity air outlet 3 form a closed-loop air flow path. The Trombe wall cavity 8 serves as an air extraction channel in the summer and further increases the inlet air temperature in the winter to provide indoor heat.

[0028] The curtain wall assembly includes a double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6 and a heat-absorbing waterproof fabric 7 positioned outside the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6. The fabric 7 automatically adjusts its height according to the rainy season to protect the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6. The fabric's height adjustment is controlled by a remote control device 2, located at the junction of the top surface B of the fabric 7 and the shaded surface C of the building body 4. In this embodiment, the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6 is 400-500 mm thick.

[0029] The Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system complement the passive house based on energy storage in this embodiment. Its operation mode throughout the year is as follows: Figure 3 As shown:

[0030] In summer, cavity inlet 10 is closed and cavity outlet 3 is open; building near-system side outlet 11 is open, building far-system side outlet 19 is closed, and building roof outlet 1 is open. Trombe wall cavity 8 heats up due to solar radiation, causing the air pressure on the building roof to decrease, creating a driving force for air from the interior to the roof. This decrease in indoor air pressure further promotes air flow within the vertical section of the vertical buried heat exchange system. The outdoor hot air cools down through heat exchange with the soil and is then drawn into the interior through building near-system side outlet 11, providing cooling. The air is then discharged outdoors through building roof outlet 1 and cavity outlet 3.

[0031] Winter: Cavity inlet 10 is open, cavity outlet 3 is closed; building near-system side outlet 11 is closed, building far-system side outlet 19 is open, and building roof outlet 1 is open. Fan 12 is turned on, and cold outdoor air is first preheated by the vertical section of the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system. The preheated air then enters Trombe wall cavity 8 through cavity inlet 10 and is reheated. The reheated air is then delivered to the indoor space through roof outlet 1, ensuring thermal comfort. After heat exchange indoors, the air is discharged outdoors through building far-system side outlet 19.

[0032] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned energy storage-based Trombe wall and vertical sleeve heat exchange system to complement the passive house. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system with sleeve structure utilizes the constant temperature characteristics of the underground, combined with the insulation of the heat exchange inner pipe and the condensate discharge design, to improve the heat exchange efficiency in winter and summer, effectively utilize geothermal energy, and reduce energy loss; the Trombe wall cavity is combined with the phase change energy storage outer wall, and the natural ventilation is enhanced by the wind extraction effect in summer, and the secondary heating and air supply in winter to form seasonal adaptive thermal management; the phase change energy storage inner and outer walls are respectively made of composite materials with phase change temperatures of 20±1℃ and 22±1℃, which bidirectionally weaken the indoor and outdoor temperature disturbances and maintain the stability of the indoor environment; the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall is combined with the liftable heat-absorbing waterproof cloth, which not only enhances the thermal insulation performance, but also can cope with the rainy season protection and improve the durability of the system; the modular assembly structure and the air closed-loop path design realize the seasonal use of the system and efficient heat exchange.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive house based on energy storage, Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system, characterized by: It includes a vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body and a curtain wall assembly. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is arranged at the bottom position of the outside of the building body; the Trombe wall cavity, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body and the curtain wall assembly are divided into a sunny side, a shady side and a top side according to the setting orientation. The phase change energy storage wall is divided into a phase change energy storage inner wall and a phase change energy storage outer wall. The phase change energy storage inner wall is arranged inside the building body, the phase change energy storage outer wall is arranged on the sunny side and the top side of the outside of the building body, the curtain wall assembly is arranged on the outside of the phase change energy storage outer wall, there is a gap between the outside of the phase change energy storage outer wall and the curtain wall assembly, and the Trombe wall cavity is formed between the phase change energy storage outer wall and the curtain wall assembly.

2. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-type heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical buried tube heat exchange system is divided into a horizontal section and a vertical section, the vertical section is buried underground, and the horizontal section is arranged on the ground. The vertical buried tube heat exchange system includes an inner heat exchange tube and an outer heat exchange tube. The inner heat exchange tube is arranged inside the outer heat exchange tube to form a sleeve structure. The outer side of the horizontal section and the upper section of the vertical section of the inner heat exchange tube is provided with an inner tube insulation layer. Air filters are provided at the pipe orifices of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange tube and the horizontal section of the outer heat exchange tube. A condensate water pump is provided at the bottom end of the vertical section of the outer heat exchange tube. A fan is provided at the pipe orifice of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange tube. The fan supplies air to the Trombe wall cavity through the bottom cavity air inlet on the sunny side of the Trombe wall cavity. The fan supplies air to the interior of the building body through the building near system side air outlet provided at the bottom of the sunny side of the building body. The cavity air inlet is located at the head end of the Trombe wall cavity.

3. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-type heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top of the building body is provided with a building roof air vent; the bottom of the shady side of the building body is provided with a building remote system side air vent.

4. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-and-tube heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The curtain wall assembly comprises a double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall and a heat-absorbing and waterproof cloth arranged on the outer side of the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall.

5. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-type heat exchange system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The heat-absorbing waterproof cloth is controlled to rise and fall by a heat-absorbing waterproof cloth remote control device, and the heat-absorbing waterproof cloth remote control device is arranged at the junction of the top surface of the heat-absorbing waterproof cloth and the shady side of the building body.

6. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-and-tube heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top surface of the building body is provided with a cavity air outlet, and the cavity air outlet is located at the end of the Trombe wall cavity.

7. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-type heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer side of the phase change energy storage outer wall is coated with a heat absorption coating.

8. The passive house based on energy storage and the complementary Trombe wall and vertical tube-and-tube heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The phase change energy storage inner wall comprises an interior finishing layer, a heat conducting layer, an inner wall phase change material layer and a back insulation layer from the inside to the outside. The inner wall phase change material layer adopts a paraffin-expanded graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 20±1°C.

9. The passive house based on energy storage and complementary Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The phase change energy storage exterior wall includes an outer protective layer, a thermal insulation layer, an exterior wall phase change material layer, a thermal conductivity enhancement component and a back protective layer from the outside to the inside. The exterior wall phase change material layer adopts a paraffin-graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 22±1°C and is provided with aluminum fins to enhance thermal conductivity.

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