Fusion reactor water-cooling solid-state cladding first wall flow distribution experiment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a fusion reactor water-cooling solid-state cladding first wall flow distribution experiment device. The device comprises a first wall, a header, an inlet connecting pipe, an outlet connecting pipe and a measuring system, the first wall is positioned outside the header; wherein the first wall comprises a front wall and a cooling flow channel substrate, and a plurality of cooling flow channels are arranged on the cooling flow channel substrate; the header comprises an inlet header and an outlet header, the inlet connecting pipe is fixed on the inlet header, and the outlet connecting pipe is fixed on the outlet header; the measuring system comprises a pressure measuring component, a turbulence measuring component and an upper computer, the pressure measuring component is arranged on a header, the turbulence measuring component is arranged on the header, and data measured by the pressure measuring component and the turbulence measuring component are transmitted to the upper computer. According to the fusion reactor water-cooling solid-state cladding first wall flow distribution experiment device, the difficulty of verifying the WCCB cladding first wall flow distribution characteristic is remarkably reduced by adopting the slice model, and the experiment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of experimental devices, in particular to a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Fusion energy is one of the core directions of future clean energy. Its engineering realization depends on the reliable operation of key components under extreme heat load and neutron irradiation environment. The WCCB blanket of CFETR is the core carrier of energy extraction and tritium breeding. Among them, the first wall directly faces the high-temperature plasma and needs to withstand up to 0.5~1.5 GW / m 2 The transient heat loads of the blanket and its thermal-hydraulic performance directly determine the blanket lifespan and reactor safety. To effectively control temperature, the first wall incorporates a complex cooling channel structure. Ideally, coolant flow within the blanket would be completely equal in each parallel channel. This would achieve a more uniform heat distribution throughout the device and a safer and more reliable system. However, due to factors such as fluid viscosity, pressure drop within the pipes, and variations in pipe geometry, flow rates within each parallel channel can be uneven. Therefore, it is necessary to study flow distribution within the first wall.

[0003] Currently, most of the research on the flow distribution of the first wall of the cladding is based on simulation, and there is a lack of experimental equipment that can fully reflect the flow conditions of the first wall. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device. The device can be used to experimentally study the flow distribution characteristics of the first wall of the CFETR WCCB blanket.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device, the experimental device comprising a first wall, a header, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a measurement system; the first wall is located outside the header;

[0007] Wherein, the first wall includes a front wall and a cooling channel substrate, and a plurality of cooling channels are provided on the cooling channel substrate;

[0008] The header includes an inlet header and an outlet header, the inlet pipe is fixed on the inlet header, and the outlet pipe is fixed on the outlet header;

[0009] The measurement system includes a pressure measurement component, a turbulence measurement component and a host computer, wherein the pressure measurement component is arranged on the header, the turbulence measurement component is arranged on the header, and the data measured by the pressure measurement component and the turbulence measurement component are transmitted to the host computer.

[0010] Wherein, the junction box includes a junction box back plate, a junction box plywood, a junction box front plate, a junction box cover plate and a junction box bottom plate, the junction box back plate, the junction box plywood and the junction box front plate are arranged in parallel, the junction box bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the junction box back plate, the junction box plywood and the junction box front plate, and the junction box cover plate is arranged on the top of the junction box back plate, the junction box plywood and the junction box front plate, wherein, the area enclosed by the junction box back plate, the junction box plywood, the junction box cover plate and the junction box bottom plate is the inlet junction box, and the area enclosed by the junction box front plate, the junction box plywood, the junction box cover plate and the junction box bottom plate is the outlet junction box.

[0011] Wherein, a plurality of header support plates are arranged between the header back plate and the header clamping plate, and a plurality of header support plates are arranged between the header front plate and the header clamping plate.

[0012] Wherein, pressure measuring point holes and turbulence measuring point holes are provided on the header back plate and the header front plate.

[0013] Wherein, the pressure measuring component includes a pressure-inducing tube and a pressure scanning valve, one end of the pressure-inducing tube is connected to the pressure measuring point hole, and the other end of the pressure-inducing tube is connected to the pressure scanning valve;

[0014] The turbulence measurement component includes a hot wire velocimeter, and a probe of the hot wire velocimeter is installed on the turbulence measurement point hole.

[0015] Wherein, the pressure-inducing pipe is installed on the pressure measuring point hole through a pressure measuring point quick connector;

[0016] And / or, the hot wire velocimeter is installed on the turbulence measuring point hole through a turbulence measuring point quick-mount seat, wherein the turbulence measuring point quick-mount seat includes a base, a primary shaft sealing ring, a secondary shaft sealing ring, an end face sealing ring and a silicone plug, the base is installed on the back plate of the junction box or the front plate of the junction box, the primary shaft sealing ring and the secondary shaft sealing ring are installed on the base, and the primary shaft sealing ring and the secondary shaft sealing ring are in contact with the hot wire velocimeter, the end face sealing ring is installed on the base and the end face sealing ring is in contact with the back plate of the junction box or the front plate of the junction box, and the silicone plug is installed on the turbulence measuring point hole.

[0017] Among them, at least two-thirds of the pressure measuring holes are located near the outlet and inlet of the cooling flow channel of the first wall; at least two-thirds of the turbulence measuring holes are located near the header cover plate and the header bottom plate.

[0018] The inlet of the cooling channel of the first wall is communicated with the inlet manifold, and the outlet of the cooling channel of the first wall is communicated with the outlet manifold.

[0019] The cooling channels are divided into odd-numbered cooling channels and even-numbered cooling channels, and the cooling water flows in the odd-numbered cooling channels and the even-numbered cooling channels in opposite directions.

[0020] Wherein, the first wall, the header, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are made of organic glass.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device of the present invention adopts a slice model to significantly reduce the difficulty of verifying the WCCB blanket first wall flow distribution characteristics and reduce the experimental cost.

[0023] (2) The cooling channel structure of the first wall flow distribution experimental device of the fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket of the present invention is consistent with that of the WCCB blanket, ensuring the reliability of the experimental section data structure.

[0024] (3) The present invention uses organic glass as the manufacturing material, and the experimental section has the ability to actually study the flow field of the manifold. The influence mechanism of the flow characteristics in the manifold on the flow distribution can be recorded and studied through measurement systems such as particle tracing.

[0025] (4) The measurement points on the manifold ensure the measurement of the manifold pressure and turbulence as well as the pressure difference measurement at the inlet and outlet of the first wall channel. The use of a pressure scanning valve improves the accuracy and precision of the real-time synchronous measurement of multiple channel measurement points, ensuring the reliability of experimental data and phenomenon analysis.

[0026] (5) The turbulence measurement point adopts a quick-release seat to ensure the ability to change the position of the turbulence measurement point online without interrupting the experiment during the experiment. The silicone plugging design minimizes the impact of the probe on the flow field.

[0027] (6) The use of pressure scanning valves to measure pressure measurement points improves the accuracy and precision of real-time synchronous measurement of multi-channel measurement points, ensuring the reliability of experimental data and phenomenon analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a turbulence measurement point quick-installation seat of a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water flow direction of a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement point arrangement of the header of a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 11-front wall; 12-cooling channel substrate; 21-junction back plate; 22-junction splint; 23-junction front plate; 24-junction cover plate; 25-junction bottom plate; 26-junction support plate; 31-base; 32-first-stage shaft sealing ring; 33-second-stage shaft sealing ring; 34-end face sealing ring; 35-silicone plug; 4-inlet pipe; 5-outlet pipe; 100-probe of hot wire velocimeter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device, which includes a first wall, a header, an inlet pipe 4, an outlet pipe 5 and a measurement system; the first wall is located outside the header.

[0035] The first wall includes a front wall 11 and a cooling channel substrate 12 , and a plurality of cooling channels are provided on the cooling channel substrate 12 .

[0036] The header includes an inlet header and an outlet header, the inlet pipe 4 is fixed on the inlet header, and the outlet pipe 5 is fixed on the outlet header;

[0037] The measurement system includes a pressure measurement component, a turbulence measurement component and a host computer, wherein the pressure measurement component is arranged on the header, the turbulence measurement component is arranged on the header, and the data measured by the pressure measurement component and the turbulence measurement component are transmitted to the host computer.

[0038] The first wall and the header are connected by bonding, and the front wall 11 and the cooling channel substrate 12 are connected by hot pressing.

[0039] In this embodiment, the cooling channels on the cooling channel substrate 12 of the first wall are rectangular channels, with multiple square cooling channels arranged in parallel. The cooling channels of the first wall are integrally milled from the cooling channel substrate 12, or can be constructed by splicing multiple plates of different sizes or by 3D printing.

[0040] The experimental setup for flow distribution in the first wall of a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket in this embodiment operates as follows: Cooling water from the upstream portion of the experimental setup flows through inlet pipe 4 into the header, and from there enters the cooling channels of the first wall. The cooling water then flows from the outlet of the first wall cooling channels into the outlet header, and then flows downstream through outlet pipe 5. A pressure scanning valve monitors all pressures, and a hot-wire velocimetry probe measures all turbulence points. The experimental data are used to comprehensively study the flow distribution characteristics of the first wall of the CFETR WCCB blanket.

[0041] Better, see Figure 1 The header includes a header back plate 21, a header plywood 22, a header front plate 23, a header cover plate 24 and a header bottom plate 25. The header back plate 21, the header plywood 22 and the header front plate 23 are arranged in parallel. The header bottom plate 25 is arranged at the bottom of the header back plate 21, the header plywood 22 and the header front plate 23. The header cover plate 24 is arranged on the top of the header back plate 21, the header plywood 22 and the header front plate 23. The area enclosed by the header back plate 21, the header plywood 22, the header cover plate 24 and the header bottom plate 25 is the inlet header, and the area enclosed by the header front plate 23, the header plywood 22, the header cover plate 24 and the header bottom plate 25 is the outlet header.

[0042] The header cover plate 24 and the header bottom plate 25 are both connected to the header back plate 21 , the header clamping plate 22 and the header front plate 23 by bonding.

[0043] Better, see Figure 1 Multiple header support plates 26 are provided between the header back plate 21 and the header clamping plate 22, and multiple header support plates 26 are provided between the header front plate 23 and the header clamping plate 22. The header support plates 26 are bonded to the header back plate 21, header clamping plate 22, and header front plate 23. The header support plates 26 not only separate the header back plate 21, the header clamping plate 22, and the header front plate 23, but also provide support.

[0044] Preferably, pressure measuring holes and turbulence measuring holes are provided on the header back plate 21 and the header front plate 23 .

[0045] Among them, the pressure measuring component includes a pressure-guiding tube and a pressure scanning valve, one end of the pressure-guiding tube is connected to the pressure measuring point hole, and the other end of the pressure-guiding tube is connected to the pressure scanning valve; the use of the pressure scanning valve improves the accuracy and measurement precision of real-time synchronous measurement of multi-channel measuring points, and ensures the reliability of experimental data and phenomenon analysis.

[0046] The turbulence measurement component includes a hot wire velocimeter, and a probe 100 of the hot wire velocimeter is installed on the turbulence measurement point hole.

[0047] Preferably, the pressure-inducing pipe is installed on the pressure-measuring point hole through a pressure-measuring point quick connector. The pressure-measuring point quick connector is preferably a standard PC04-M5 quick connector.

[0048] Better, see Figure 2 The hot wire velocimeter is mounted on the turbulence measurement point hole via a turbulence measurement point quick-install mount. The turbulence measurement point quick-install mount includes a base 31, a primary shaft seal 32, a secondary shaft seal 33, an end face seal 34, and a silicone plug 35. The base 31 is mounted on the manifold back plate 21 or the manifold front plate 23. The primary and secondary shaft seals 32 and 33 are mounted on the base 31 and contact the hot wire velocimeter (probe). The end face seal 34 is mounted on the base 31 and contacts the manifold back plate 21 or the manifold front plate 23. The silicone plug 35 is mounted on the turbulence measurement point hole. The hot wire velocimeter probe 100 can pass through the silicone plug 35. The turbulence measurement point adopts a quick-release seat to ensure the ability to change the turbulence measurement point position online during the experiment without interruption. The design of the silicone plug 35 minimizes the influence of the probe on the flow field.

[0049] Preferably, the primary shaft seal ring 32, the secondary shaft seal ring 33, and the end face seal ring 34 are made of high-quality rubber, and can also be made of other materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The silicone plug 35 is made of high-quality silicone, and can also be made of other materials such as soft rubber and high-density sponge.

[0050] Better, see Figure 4 At least two-thirds of the pressure measurement holes are located near the outlet and inlet of the cooling channel of the first wall; at least two-thirds of the turbulence measurement holes are located near the header cover plate 24 and the header bottom plate 25. This measurement point arrangement ensures the measurement of header pressure and turbulence, as well as the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the first wall channel.

[0051] The inlet of the cooling channel of the first wall is communicated with the inlet manifold, and the outlet of the cooling channel of the first wall is communicated with the outlet manifold.

[0052] Preferably, the cooling water in adjacent channels of the cooling flow channel of the first wall flows in opposite directions.

[0053] Better, see Figure 3 The cooling channels are divided into odd-numbered cooling channels and even-numbered cooling channels. The cooling water in the odd-numbered cooling channels and the even-numbered cooling channels flow in opposite directions. The cooling water from the upstream of the experimental circuit flows into the inlet manifold through the inlet pipe 4 and flows into the odd-numbered channels and even-numbered channels of the first wall (which can be numbered from top to bottom) from the left and right directions within the inlet manifold. Figure 3 As shown, the cooling water passes through the first wall and is collected at the outlet header and flows from the outlet pipe 5 to the downstream experimental circuit.

[0054] Preferably, the first wall, the manifold, the inlet pipe 4, and the outlet pipe 5 are made of highly transparent, polished organic glass. Using organic glass as a construction material enables the experimental section to be used for studying the flow field within the manifold, allowing measurement systems such as particle tracking to be used to record and study the mechanism by which flow characteristics within the manifold influence flow distribution.

[0055] The present invention's experimental device for the first-wall flow distribution of a fusion reactor's water-cooled solid blanket retains the key features and structures of the CFETR WCCB's first blanket wall and its header, such as the multi-stage series structure of the headers, the parallel connection of first-wall cooling channels, and the countercurrent characteristics of adjacent cooling channels. It also simplifies experimental costs and improves coolant flow observability, enabling the acquisition of practical experimental data at a low cost.

[0056] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Any portions not described in detail in this specification are known in the art. The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device, characterized in that: The experimental device includes a first wall, a header, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a measurement system; the first wall is located outside the header; Wherein, the first wall includes a front wall and a cooling channel substrate, and a plurality of cooling channels are provided on the cooling channel substrate; The header includes an inlet header and an outlet header, the inlet pipe is fixed on the inlet header, and the outlet pipe is fixed on the outlet header; The measurement system includes a pressure measurement component, a turbulence measurement component and a host computer, wherein the pressure measurement component is arranged on the header, the turbulence measurement component is arranged on the header, and the data measured by the pressure measurement component and the turbulence measurement component are transmitted to the host computer.

2. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The header includes a header back plate, a header plywood, a header front plate, a header cover plate and a header bottom plate. The header back plate, the header plywood and the header front plate are arranged in parallel. The header bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the header back plate, the header plywood and the header front plate. The header cover plate is arranged at the top of the header back plate, the header plywood and the header front plate. The area enclosed by the header back plate, the header plywood, the header cover plate and the header bottom plate is the inlet header, and the area enclosed by the header front plate, the header plywood, the header cover plate and the header bottom plate is the outlet header.

3. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of header support plates are arranged between the header back plate and the header clamping plate, and a plurality of header support plates are arranged between the header front plate and the header clamping plate.

4. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Pressure measuring point holes and turbulence measuring point holes are provided on the header back plate and the header front plate.

5. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure measuring component includes a pressure-inducing tube and a pressure scanning valve, one end of the pressure-inducing tube is connected to the pressure measuring point hole, and the other end of the pressure-inducing tube is connected to the pressure scanning valve; The turbulence measurement component includes a hot wire velocimeter, and a probe of the hot wire velocimeter is installed on the turbulence measurement point hole.

6. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure-inducing pipe is installed on the pressure-measuring-point hole through a pressure-measuring-point quick connector; And / or, the hot wire velocimeter is installed on the turbulence measuring point hole through a turbulence measuring point quick-mount seat, wherein the turbulence measuring point quick-mount seat includes a base, a primary shaft sealing ring, a secondary shaft sealing ring, an end face sealing ring and a silicone plug, the base is installed on the back plate of the junction box or the front plate of the junction box, the primary shaft sealing ring and the secondary shaft sealing ring are installed on the base, and the primary shaft sealing ring and the secondary shaft sealing ring are in contact with the hot wire velocimeter, the end face sealing ring is installed on the base and the end face sealing ring is in contact with the back plate of the junction box or the front plate of the junction box, and the silicone plug is installed on the turbulence measuring point hole.

7. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least two-thirds of the pressure measuring holes are located near the outlet and inlet of the cooling channel of the first wall; at least two-thirds of the turbulence measuring holes are located near the header cover plate and the header bottom plate.

8. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet of the cooling channel of the first wall is communicated with the inlet manifold, and the outlet of the cooling channel of the first wall is communicated with the outlet manifold.

9. The fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket first wall flow distribution experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling channels are divided into odd-numbered cooling channels and even-numbered cooling channels, and cooling water flows in the odd-numbered cooling channels and the even-numbered cooling channels in opposite directions.

10. The experimental device for flow distribution on the first wall of a fusion reactor water-cooled solid blanket according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first wall, the header, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are made of organic glass.

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