High-storage petal-type single-shaft rotation deployable fixed-surface antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-storage petal-type single-shaft-rotation deployable fixed-surface antenna, and belongs to the field of deployable antenna structures. The antenna structure comprises a supporting assembly, a driving motor, a power transmission assembly, a main reverse fixing plate assembly and a plurality of unfolding petal blades. A driving motor is installed on the supporting assembly, and the power transmission assembly is used for transmitting power output by the driving motor to each unfolding valve blade. The main reverse fixing plate assembly serves as a plurality of unfolding valve blades to be unfolded and surround the center and is installed on the top of the supporting assembly, the unfolding valve blades are arranged on the main reverse fixing plate assembly in a circle array mode, and each unfolding valve blade is correspondingly connected with one power output end of the power transmission assembly. The driving motor drives the power transmission assembly to move, and then the multiple unfolding valve blades are driven to be unfolded or folded at the same time. The problems that the unfolding reliability is affected and the storage size is large due to the fact that the number of kinematic pairs of an existing double-shaft deployable antenna is large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of deployable antenna structures, and in particular to a highly retractable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable solid-surface antenna. Background Art

[0002] Since the 1960s, space agencies such as NASA, ESA, and Roscosmos have conducted extensive research on the theory and technology of fixed-surface deployable reflector antennas. These research, coupled with practical project trials and applications, have yielded fruitful results. Currently, the most mature fixed-surface deployable reflector antenna structures include inter-panel folding and center-petal deployable.

[0003] Among them, the inter-board folding type mostly adopts a multi-axis folding or hinge splicing structure, such as the American Sunflower antenna and the Japanese double-layer Sunflower antenna. This type of antenna has the following disadvantages: (1) Limited storage ratio: complex hinges lead to an increase in the folded volume; (2) Low deployment reliability: multi-stage deployment is prone to jamming due to friction / collision; (3) Insufficient surface accuracy: passive locking makes it difficult to maintain millimeter-level accuracy.

[0004] Compared to inter-panel folding structures, the central petal deployment design simplifies deployment, requiring only the fan-shaped panels to rotate around a central hub for both expansion and contraction. This design offers enhanced reliability and is currently the primary structural form used in practical engineering projects. Existing central petal deployment designs are often biaxial, with numerous kinematic joints, resulting in excessive degrees of freedom during deployment and complex motion analysis. This compromises antenna deployment reliability and increases the size of the antenna when stored.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed surface antenna to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical issues to be solved: In order to avoid the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable solid-surface antenna. Through single-axis deployment and motor synchronous drive solutions, the number of moving pairs is reduced, the reliability of antenna deployment is improved, and its working performance is improved, so as to solve the problem in the existing technology that the dual-axis structure has many moving pairs, resulting in affected deployment reliability and large storage volume.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable solid surface antenna, comprising: a support assembly on which a drive motor is mounted; A power transmission assembly, the input end of which is in transmission connection with the output end of the drive motor, and the output end of which is provided with a plurality of; A main counter-fixed plate assembly, which is fixed to the top of the support assembly; and a plurality of expanding petal blades, arrayed in a circle on the main counter-fixed plate assembly, each expanding petal blade being connected to an output end of the power transmission assembly; Among them, the power transmission assembly includes a cylindrical gear assembly, several bevel gear assemblies and multiple connecting rods; the cylindrical gear assembly includes a driving cylindrical gear and multiple driven cylindrical gears that are synchronously meshed with the driving cylindrical gear, the driving cylindrical gear is fixedly connected to the rotor of the driving motor, and the multiple driven cylindrical gears are evenly distributed along a circle of the driving cylindrical gear; the bevel gear assembly includes a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear that is meshed with the driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and a driven cylindrical gear are mounted on a first rotating shaft, the driven bevel gear is mounted on a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the support assembly, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the back of the main counter-fixed plate assembly; one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back of the unfolded petal blade; The drive motor is used to drive the power transmission assembly to move, and then drive a number of expanding petal blades to expand or retract through its multiple output end connecting rods; when the several expanding petal blades are expanded, their upper surfaces form a parabolic reflection surface with the upper surface of the main anti-fixed plate assembly.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the support assembly includes an upper tooling and a lower tooling, the lower tooling includes a base plate, a sleeve is provided in the middle of the base plate, and a mounting bracket is provided on the base plate; the upper tooling includes a limit plate, an annular boss is provided on the limit plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the limit plate outside the annular boss, and the mounting holes are used to install the first rotating shaft; a mounting column is coaxially provided on the lower surface of the limit plate, and the mounting column 1 is inserted into the sleeve and fixed by a pin; the drive motor is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the mounting column, and the stator at its lower end is fixed on the mounting bracket.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the main counter-fixed plate assembly includes a curved plate surface and a metal back frame arranged on the back of the curved plate surface, the metal back frame is used to support the curved plate surface; the middle part of the metal back frame is fixedly connected to the middle part of the limit plate through the mounting part, and the annular boss on the limit plate is used to support the metal back frame.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the driving cylindrical gear is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the mounting column and is located above the driving motor, and the driving cylindrical gear is fixedly connected to the rotor at the upper end of the driving motor; the first rotating shaft is vertically rotated and installed in multiple mounting holes of the limiting plate, the lower end of the first rotating shaft is installed with a driven cylindrical gear, and the upper end of the first rotating shaft is installed with a driving bevel gear.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the metal back frame on the back of the main counter-fixed plate assembly through two supporting ears, the supporting ears are fixedly connected to the metal back frame, and bearings are coaxially mounted in the two supporting ears, which are rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft through the bearings; the driven bevel gear is coaxially mounted in the middle of the second rotating shaft.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the driven bevel gear and the second rotating shaft are an integral structure.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the outer diameter edge of the limiting plate is a slope. When the unfolded petal blades are in the unfolded state, the slope of the outer diameter edge of the limiting plate forms a limit on the connecting rod to prevent the unfolded petal blades from over-expanding.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the expanded petal blade includes a blade plate surface with an arc and a blade bracket, the blade bracket is arranged on the back of the blade plate surface, and is used to support the blade plate surface; the connecting rod is a bent structure, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the blade bracket through a fastener, and the other end is a sleeve structure, and the sleeve of the connecting rod is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and fixedly connected to it.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the main plate surface of the main counter-fixing plate assembly and the unfolded petal blades are made of carbon fiber material.

[0016] A design method for the highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable solid surface antenna includes: In the central petal unfolding dual-axis structure, the central vertex of the central disk surrounded by the blades is defined as point O. In a right-handed coordinate system, a symmetry axis B1B2 of the reference blade itself is along the X direction, an axis A1A2 tangent to the edge of the central disk is along the Y direction, and the projection plane of the central disk on the horizontal plane is the XOY plane. Axis A1A2 and axis B1B2 are two orthogonal rotation axes in the dual-axis structure. The rotation angles of the two orthogonal rotation axes when the blades are unfolded, the projection radius of the central disk on the plane XOY, the projection radius of the complete parabolic reflector of the antenna on the plane XOY, the projection distance from axis A1A2 to the vertex of the central disk in the X direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to axis A1A2 along the Z direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction, and the number of blades are used as design parameters. The optimization goal is to minimize the distance between adjacent blades, and the optimal values ​​of the design parameters are calculated using a genetic algorithm. According to Euler's theorem, the rotation of the blades around two orthogonal axes in the dual-axis structure is converted into a rotation around a spatial axis through coordinate transformation, obtaining the position and rotation angle of the spatial axis in the single-axis structure. This spatial axis is the installation axis where the second rotation axis is located. Then, based on the position and rotation angle of the single axis and the optimal values ​​of the dual-axis structural parameters: the projection distance from the axis A1A2 to the vertex of the central disk in the X direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the axis A1A2 along the Z direction, the number of blades, and the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction, a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotation deployable solid-surface antenna is designed.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed surface antenna, which combines single-axis rotation and motor drive technology solutions. The drive motor, main anti-fixed plate assembly, and power transmission assembly are supported and installed by a support assembly. A plurality of deployable petal blades are arrayed on the main anti-fixed plate assembly, and after deployment, they form a parabolic reflector surface of the antenna with the main anti-fixed plate assembly. The drive motor provides power input for the power transmission assembly, and each power output end of the power transmission assembly is respectively connected to a corresponding deployable petal blade. The drive motor drives the power transmission assembly, and multiple second rotating shafts in the power transmission assembly rotate simultaneously. Then, the connecting rod connected to each second rotating shaft drives the corresponding deployable petal blade to fold or unfold, thereby achieving the simultaneous movement of multiple deployable petal blades by multiple second rotating shafts. Compared with the existing traditional dual-axis deployment mechanism (i.e., the blade first rotates an angle around its own axis of symmetry, and then rotates an angle around the axis tangent to the edge of the center disk), this solution reduces one rotation axis. The deployment and folding process only requires a single axis (i.e., the second rotation axis), which is equivalent to reducing the number of hinge transmissions by half, simplifying the deployment process, and realizing the two-step rotation deployment in one step, reducing redundant degrees of freedom, and enhancing the reliability and synchronization of the deployable antenna.

[0018] The present invention offers high stability and a good storage ratio. In a traditional dual-axis deployment structure, one axis enables the blades and connecting rod to rotate as a whole along the hinge, while the other axis enables the blades to rotate again around the connecting rod. However, the present invention's structure can simultaneously drive multiple deploying petals and blades simply by driving multiple second rotating shafts to rotate simultaneously. This single-axis deployment significantly improves the stability of the deployment process and achieves a better synchronized deployment effect, reducing the deployment uncertainty caused by multiple kinematic pairs in a dual-axis structure. It also improves the storage ratio and reduces the storage volume.

[0019] The structure of the present invention has good synchronization, and the driving cylindrical gear and the driven cylindrical gear, and the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are synchronously meshed, which greatly ensures the synchronization of the expansion process of the expansion petal blades.

[0020] The structure of the present invention offers excellent adjustability. By adjusting the meshing degree of the gears in the power transmission assembly and the outer diameter of the stop plate on the upper fixture, the surface accuracy and fundamental frequency of the reflector antenna structure in both the retracted and deployed states can be adjusted. This allows the fundamental frequency of the satellite or the launch vehicle to be avoided, ensuring excellent dynamic performance.

[0021] The invention has a flexible structural design and a wide range of applications. The invention can be adjusted to specific dimensions and structures according to different payload requirements, is flexible and variable, and has a good market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front axial schematic diagram of a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna of the present invention in an deployed state; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear axial side of a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna of the present invention in an deployed state; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the folded state of a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable solid-surface antenna of the present invention from a first-view axle-side perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the folded state of a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 5 This is a partial diagram of the installation of various components on the back of a highly stowable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna of the present invention in the deployed state; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the main anti-fixing plate assembly and the unfolded petal blades of the high-storage petal-type single-axis rotation deployable fixed-surface antenna of the present invention in the unfolded state; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the upper tooling, lower tooling and drive motor in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the power transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 Definition of antenna reflector parameters and reference point axis layout; Figure 10 These are the optimization results of the genetic algorithm under different numbers of blades ((a) is the optimization result when the number of blades N=18, (b) is the optimization result when the number of blades N=20, (c) is the optimization result when the number of blades N=22, and (d) is the optimization result when the number of blades N=24).

[0024] In the figure: 1. Main and counter-fixed plate assembly, 1-1. Arc-shaped plate surface, 1-2. Metal back frame, 1-3. Mounting part, 2. Expanded petal blades, 2-1. Blade plate surface, 2-2. Blade bracket, 3. Driving motor, 3-1. Rotor, 3-2. Stator, 4. Active cylindrical gear, 5. Driven cylindrical gear, 6. Active bevel gear, 7. First rotating shaft, 8. Driven bevel gear, 9. Second rotating shaft, 10. Connecting rod, 11. Upper tooling, 11-1. Limiting plate, 11-2. Annular boss, 11-3. Mounting hole, 11-4. Mounting column, 12. Lower tooling, 12-1. Bottom plate, 12-2. Sleeve, 12-3. Mounting bracket, 13. Integral support ear, 14. Split support ear, 14-1. Fixing part, 14-2. Disassembly part, 15. First bearing, 16. Second bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: Provided is an embodiment of a highly retractable petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable solid surface antenna of the present invention, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, this fixed-surface antenna comprises a support assembly, a drive motor 3, a power transmission assembly, a main counter-fixed plate assembly 1, and several deployable petals 2. This antenna structure utilizes multiple single-axis simultaneous rotation to achieve synchronous deployment or retraction of multiple blades. The support assembly supports the entire antenna structure and is mounted with a drive motor 3, which provides power for deployment and retraction. The power transmission assembly, serving as the transmission component, transmits power to each deployable petal 2. Through gear transmission, the power transmission assembly decomposes the power input from the drive motor 3 into multiple power outputs, each corresponding to a deployable petal 2. The main counter-fixed plate assembly 1, which houses the deployable petals 2, is mounted on top of the support assembly. The deployable petals 2 are arranged in a circular pattern on the main counter-fixed plate assembly 1. The back of each deployable petal 2 is connected to a power output of the power transmission assembly, corresponding to a connecting rod 10. The drive motor 3 drives the power transmission assembly, which in turn drives the deployable petals 2 through its power output (connecting rod 10). When a number of unfolded petal blades 2 are unfolded, the upper surfaces of all the unfolded petal blades 2 and the upper surface of the main counter-fixing plate assembly 1 form a parabola, thereby meeting the basic function of the antenna.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the support assembly includes an upper fixture 11 and a lower fixture 12. The lower fixture 12 includes a base plate 12-1, with a sleeve 12-2 provided in the middle of the base plate 12-1. The sleeve 12-2 is vertically mounted on the base plate 12-1. A mounting bracket 12-3 is provided on the base plate 12-1 for supporting the drive motor 3. The bracket 12-3 is located on the periphery of the sleeve 12-2. The mounting bracket 12-3 includes a support leg and a mounting ring. The mounting ring is a circular ring structure. The three support legs support the mounting ring horizontally on the base plate 12-1, so that the mounting ring and the sleeve 12-2 are coaxial. The lower end of the support leg is fixedly connected to the base plate 12-1, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the mounting ring. The mounting ring is used to mount the drive motor 3. The upper fixture 11 includes a disc-shaped limit plate 11-1, a coaxial annular boss 11-2 on the limit plate 11-1, and multiple mounting holes 11-3 distributed uniformly around the outer edge of the limit plate 11-1. The lower surface of the limit plate 11-1 is coaxially provided with a mounting post 11-4, which is inserted into a sleeve 12-2 and secured by a latch. The drive motor 3 is a small articulated motor with an exposed stator 3-2 and rotor 3-1. Its core is provided with a through hole, allowing the mounting post 11-4 of the upper fixture 11 to pass through the drive motor 3. The drive motor 3 is mounted on the outside of the mounting post 11-4. The stator 3-2 at the lower end of the drive motor 3 is fixed to the mounting bracket 12-3 via fasteners. The rotor 3-1 at the upper end serves as the output end of the drive motor 3 and is connected to the input end of the power transmission assembly. The base plate 12-1 of the lower fixture 12 is mounted on the ground, and the lower fixture 12 supports the entire upper structure to prevent overturning.

[0028] like Figure 6 、 Figure 8 As shown, the main counter-fixed plate assembly 1 includes a curved plate surface 1-1 and a metal back frame 1-2 disposed on the back of the curved plate surface. The curved plate surface 1-1 has a bowl-shaped structure, and the metal back frame 1-2 is used to support the curved plate surface 1-1 and enhance the strength of the main counter-fixed plate assembly 1. A mounting portion 1-3 is provided in the middle of the metal back frame 1-2. The mounting portion 1-3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the limit plate 11-1 via fasteners. An annular boss 11-2 on the limit plate 11-1 is used to support the metal back frame 1-2. To ensure stability, a mounting groove is provided on the top surface of the annular boss 11-2 to allow for the metal back frame 1-2 to be accommodated.

[0029] like Figure 5 、 Figure 8 As shown, the power transmission assembly includes a cylindrical gear assembly, several bevel gear assemblies and multiple connecting rods 10. The cylindrical gear assembly includes a driving cylindrical gear 4 and multiple driven cylindrical gears 5 that surround the driving cylindrical gear 4 and mesh with the driving cylindrical gear 4.

[0030] The driving cylindrical gear 4 is coaxially mounted on the outside of the mounting column 11-4 and positioned above the drive motor 3. The lower end surface of the driving cylindrical gear 4 contacts the upper end surface of the rotor 3-1 of the drive motor 3, and fasteners securely connect the driving cylindrical gear 4 to the rotor 3-1 of the drive motor 3. A first rotating shaft 7 is vertically mounted through each of the multiple mounting holes 11-3 of the limit plate 11-1. The first rotating shaft 7 is rotationally connected to the mounting holes 11-3 via a first bearing 15. The outer ring of the first bearing 15 is tightly fitted into the mounting hole 11-3, and the first rotating shaft 7 is inserted into the inner ring of the first bearing 15 and tightly fits therewith. A driven cylindrical gear 5 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first rotating shaft 7 and meshes with the driving cylindrical gear 4.

[0031] Each driven cylindrical gear 5 corresponds to a bevel gear assembly, which includes a driving bevel gear 6 and a driven bevel gear 8. The driving bevel gear 6 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the first rotating shaft 7, that is, the end away from the driven cylindrical gear 5. The driven bevel gear 8 meshes with the driving bevel gear 6 and is fixedly sleeved on the middle of the second rotating shaft 9. The second rotating shaft 9 is rotatably mounted on the metal back frame 1-2 on the back of the main counter-fixed plate assembly 1 through two lugs. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the two lugs include an integral lug 13 and a split lug 14. The integral lug 13 is fixed to the metal back frame 1-2 and is provided with a first mounting hole, in which a second bearing 16 is installed. The split lug 14 includes a fixed portion 14-1 and a disassembly portion 14-2. The fixed portion 14-1 is fixed to the metal back frame 1-2, and the disassembly portion 14-2 is docked and mounted to the fixed portion 14-1. The docking of the two forms a second mounting hole, in which a second bearing 16 is installed. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are coaxial, and the ends of the second rotating shaft 9 are respectively inserted into the second bearings 16 on the two lugs, realizing a rotational connection between the second rotating shaft 9 and the two lugs. To facilitate installation, the driven bevel gear 8 and the second rotating shaft 9 can be processed as a single-piece structure.

[0032] The connecting rod 10, serving as the output end of the power transmission assembly, is a curved structure. One end of the connecting rod 10 is connected to the back of the expanded petal blades 2 via a fastener. The other end is a sleeve structure that fits over and is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 9. Rotation of the second rotating shaft 9 drives the connecting rod 10, thereby driving the expanded petal blades 2. The connecting rods 10, expanded petal blades 2, and second rotating shafts 9 are identical in number and connected accordingly.

[0033] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 As shown, the unfolded petal blade 2 includes a blade plate surface 2-1 with an arc and a blade support 2-2 provided on the back of the blade plate surface for supporting the blade. One end of the connecting rod 10 is fixedly connected to the blade support 2-2 through a fastener.

[0034] To achieve a lightweight structure, in this embodiment, the curved plate surface 1-1 of the main anti-fixing plate assembly 1 is made of carbon fiber material, and the metal back frame 1-2 on the back thereof is cast using an integral molding process. The blade plate surface 2-1 of the expanded petal blade is made of carbon fiber material, and the blade support 2-2 on the back thereof is also cast using an integral molding process. Although carbon fiber material has the characteristics of being lightweight, its own structural rigidity is relatively weak. By providing a metal support on the back of the reflective plate surface of the main anti-fixing plate assembly 1 and the expanded petal blade 2 to achieve support, its rigidity can be improved, and the integral molding realizes the convenience of installation.

[0035] The outer diameter edge of the limit plate 11-1 of the upper fixture 11 is beveled. When the deployable flap 2 is deployed, the beveled outer diameter edge of the limit plate 11-1 limits the connecting rod 10 to prevent the deployable flap 2 from over-deploying. Furthermore, by adjusting the outer diameter of the limit plate 11-1, the limit angle can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the parabolic surface shape and fundamental frequency in the deployed state.

[0036] The specific working principle is as follows: When deployment is required, the host computer sends a deployment command to the drive motor 3. The rotor 3-1 of the drive motor 3 rotates forward, driving the driving cylindrical gear 4, which in turn drives multiple driven cylindrical gears 5 in a circle. Each driven cylindrical gear 5 drives the driving bevel gear 6 mounted coaxially with it through the first rotating shaft 7. The driving bevel gear 6 meshes with the driven bevel gear 8. In turn, each driven bevel gear 8 drives the second rotating shaft 9 mounted on it. The rotation of the second rotating shaft 9 drives the connecting rod 10 mounted on the second rotating shaft 9. The rotation of each connecting rod 10 then rotates and deploys the corresponding deploying petal blade 2 until the connecting rod 10 contacts the outer edge of the limit plate 11-1 to prevent over-deployment. At this point, the drive motor 3 stops and the antenna reaches its final deployment parabola. The deploying petal blade 2 is retracted by reversing the drive motor 3. The drive motor 3 has a large rotational damping. When the blades are retracted or fully deployed, the drive motor 3 outputs no torque, which to a certain extent acts as a locking mechanism.

[0037] Compared with traditional dual-axis deployable antennas, the product of the present invention has the advantages of fewer moving pairs and higher reliability. It can be used in high-precision, large-aperture reflector antenna aerospace engineering and has a wide application market.

[0038] Example 2 Provided is an embodiment of a design method for a high-storage petal-type single-axis rotating deployable solid-surface antenna in Example 1. The design method is optimized based on a center-petal deployable dual-axis structure.

[0039] First, in the central petal-expanding dual-axis structure, the central vertex of the central disk surrounded by the blades is defined as point O. In a right-handed coordinate system, the symmetry axis B1B2 of the reference blade itself is along the X direction, the axis A1A2 tangent to the edge of the central disk is along the Y direction, and the projection plane of the central disk on the horizontal plane is the XOY plane. Axis A1A2 and axis B1B2 are two orthogonal rotation axes in the dual-axis structure. The rotation angle of the two orthogonal rotation axes when the blades are expanded, the projection radius of the central disk on plane XOY, the projection radius of the complete parabolic reflector of the antenna on plane XOY, the projection distance from axis A1A2 to the vertex of the central disk in the X direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to axis A1A2 along the Z direction, the number of blades, and the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction are used as design parameters. The minimum distance between adjacent blades is taken as the optimization goal, and the optimal values ​​of the design parameters are calculated using a genetic algorithm.

[0040] Then, according to Euler's theorem, through coordinate transformation, the rotation of the blades around two orthogonal axes in the dual-axis structure is converted into a rotation around a spatial axis, and the position and rotation angle of the spatial axis in the single-axis structure are obtained. This spatial axis is the installation axis where the second rotation axis 9 is located; then, based on the position and rotation angle of the single axis and the optimal values ​​of the dual-axis structural parameters: the projection distance from the axis A1A2 to the vertex of the central disk in the X direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the axis A1A2 along the Z direction, the number of blades, and the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction, a highly stowable petal-type single-axis rotation deployable solid-surface antenna is designed.

[0041] Specifically, in the traditional center petal deployable dual-axis structure, the solid surface deployable antenna that rotates around orthogonal dual axes deploys with the blade's own symmetry axis and the axis tangent to the edge of the center disk as two orthogonal rotation axes: the blade first rotates around its own symmetry axis by θ, then rotates around the axis tangent to the edge of the center disk by ω, and finally deploys into place. Figure 9 As shown, the parabolic reflector is divided into a central disk (i.e., the main anti-fixed plate assembly 1) and annularly equally divided parabolic blades (i.e., the expanded petal blades 2). The curved surface CDFE is the main reference blade with plane XOZ as the symmetry plane. The projection radius of the central disk on plane XOY is r, and the projection radius of the complete parabolic reflector on plane XOY is R. Then, the range of the projection radius of the reference blade on plane XOY is [r, R]. The projection distance from the axis A1A2 tangent to the edge of the central disk to the vertex O of the central disk in the X direction is defined as m, and the distance from the vertex O of the central disk to the axis A1A2 along the Z direction is a; the projection distance from the center of the symmetry axis B1B2 of the blade itself along the X axis to the vertex of the central disk on plane XOY is defined as The distance from the vertex O of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 of the blade itself along the Z direction is b, and the number of blades is N.

[0042] For spatially deployable antenna structures, a key metric for measuring their storage efficiency is the storage ratio—the ratio of the envelope diameter after folding to the envelope diameter after unfolding. A smaller storage ratio indicates a better storage efficiency. However, in practical structures, since each component occupies space, the storage ratio must have a limit, meaning there are constraints limiting its minimum value. For the solid-surface deployable antenna structure studied in this paper, the primary consideration is that adjacent reflective surface blades must not physically interfere with each other when fully folded, meaning there is a minimum distance between adjacent blades.

[0043] The structural storage ratio and boundary constraints are parameterized, and the minimum storage ratio must be determined under the premise of satisfying the boundary constraints. From the expression of the storage ratio, it can be seen that the storage ratio ξ and the constraints are all about the structural geometric design parameters R, k, N, a, b, , m, ω, and θ. Therefore, we can study the impact of various geometric design parameters on the structural storage ratio and then optimize the parameters with the goal of minimizing the storage ratio. In MATLAB's genetic algorithm, the square of the storage ratio is used as the objective function for ease of input and calculation.

[0044] The square expression of the storage ratio:

[0045] Where, k = 4f, f is the focal length of the antenna; N is the number of blades. , a, b, and N are variables that can be optimized in design, and R and r are fixed values ​​based on the antenna parameter index requirements.

[0046] The boundary constraint condition is taken as a nonlinear constraint, that is, under the premise that the boundary constraint condition of the minimum spacing between adjacent leaves in the folded state is always met, the optimal folding ratio that meets the requirements is achieved by limiting the selection of parameter combinations.

[0047]

[0048] Where, is the minimum distance between adjacent leaves, ( 、 、 ) is the coordinate of the blade corner point D in the folded state, and t is the blade thickness.

[0049] The following is the number of leaves N To prioritize the optimization, a genetic algorithm program is written in MATLAB. The optimization result of the genetic algorithm can be obtained, that is, the minimum value of the square of the admission ratio, that is, Figure 10 The BEST value in .

[0050] according to Figure 10Comparative analysis of the optimization results of N=18, N=20, N=22, and N=24 shows that the larger the number of blades N, the smaller the square of the storage ratio that can be achieved. In order to ensure that the structure is as simple as possible and the storage ratio is as small as possible, N=24 is determined to be the optimal parameter. The genetic algorithm was run multiple times in MATLAB, and the optimal parameter combination of the central petal expansion biaxial structure was finally selected as follows: a = 15, b = 30.3846, = 230, m= 170, ω = -74°, θ = 37°.

[0051] Based on the optimal values ​​of the antenna design parameters under the traditional orthogonal dual-axis, according to Euler's theorem: any rotation transformation can be reduced to a combination of several rotations around the coordinate axis. Through the coordinate transformation, the rotation of the blade around the two orthogonal axes B1B2 and A1A2 is converted into a vector n=(n x , n y , n z ) T By rotating the angle φ, an equivalent unfolding result can be obtained, thereby obtaining the position of the axis where the second rotating shaft 9 is located. Then, based on the position of the second rotating shaft 9, the angle φ, and the optimal values ​​of the biaxial structural parameters: the projection distance m from the axis A1A2 to the center disk vertex in the X direction, the distance a from the center disk vertex to the axis A1A2 along the Z direction, and the projection distance from the center of the symmetry axis B1B2 along the X axis to the center disk vertex on the plane XOY. , the distance b from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction, and the number of blades N, to design a high-storage petal-type single-axis rotation deployable fixed-surface antenna. This not only meets the optimal result of the genetic algorithm, but also meets the advantage of the smallest possible kinematic pair. Therefore, in the actual implementation process, it is only necessary to know the two angles θ and ω of the dual-axis rotation, as well as the coordinates of the four blade corners before and after the rotation, to deduce the position of the spatial axis vector n and the size of the equivalent single-axis rotation angle φ according to Euler's theorem. For each unfolding petal blade 2, a spatial axis vector n can be determined, and finally a section of the axis length below the main anti-fixed plate assembly 1 is taken as the position of the second rotating shaft 9, so that the subsequent unfolding mechanism components can be directly installed below the main anti-fixed plate assembly 1.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed surface antenna, characterized in that: include: a support assembly on which a drive motor is mounted; A power transmission assembly, the input end of which is in transmission connection with the output end of the drive motor, and the output end of which is provided with a plurality of; A main counter-fixed plate assembly, which is fixed to the top of the support assembly; and a plurality of expanding petal blades, arrayed in a circle on the main counter-fixed plate assembly, each expanding petal blade being connected to an output end of the power transmission assembly; Among them, the power transmission assembly includes a cylindrical gear assembly, several bevel gear assemblies and multiple connecting rods; the cylindrical gear assembly includes a driving cylindrical gear and multiple driven cylindrical gears that are synchronously meshed with the driving cylindrical gear, the driving cylindrical gear is fixedly connected to the rotor of the driving motor, and the multiple driven cylindrical gears are evenly distributed along a circle of the driving cylindrical gear; the bevel gear assembly includes a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear that is meshed with the driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and a driven cylindrical gear are mounted on a first rotating shaft, the driven bevel gear is mounted on a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the support assembly, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the back of the main counter-fixed plate assembly; one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back of the unfolded petal blade; The drive motor is used to drive the power transmission assembly to move, and then drive a number of expanding petal blades to expand or retract through its multiple output end connecting rods; when the several expanding petal blades are expanded, their upper surfaces form a parabolic reflection surface with the upper surface of the main anti-fixed plate assembly.

2. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes an upper tooling and a lower tooling, the lower tooling includes a base plate, a sleeve is provided in the middle of the base plate, and a mounting bracket is provided on the base plate; the upper tooling includes a limit plate, an annular boss is provided on the limit plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the limit plate outside the annular boss, and the mounting holes are used to install the first rotating shaft; a mounting column is coaxially provided on the lower surface of the limit plate, and the mounting column is inserted into the sleeve and fixed by a pin; the drive motor is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the mounting column, and the stator at its lower end is fixed on the mounting bracket.

3. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main counter-fixed plate assembly includes an arc-shaped plate surface and a metal back frame arranged on the back of the arc-shaped plate surface, and the metal back frame is used to support the arc-shaped plate surface; the middle part of the metal back frame is fixedly connected to the middle part of the limit plate through the mounting part, and the annular boss on the limit plate is used to support the metal back frame.

4. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving cylindrical gear is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the mounting column and is located above the driving motor. The driving cylindrical gear is fixedly connected to the rotor at the upper end of the driving motor. The first rotating shaft is vertically mounted in the multiple mounting holes of the limit plate, the driven cylindrical gear is mounted on the lower end of the first rotating shaft, and the driving bevel gear is mounted on the upper end of the first rotating shaft.

5. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the metal back frame on the back of the main counter-fixed plate assembly through two supporting ears. The supporting ears are fixedly connected to the metal back frame. Bearings are coaxially mounted in the two supporting ears and are rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft through the bearings. The driven bevel gear is coaxially mounted in the middle of the second rotating shaft.

6. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driven bevel gear and the second rotating shaft are an integral structure.

7. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter edge of the limit plate is a slope. When the expanded petal blades are in the expanded state, the slope of the outer diameter edge of the limit plate forms a limit on the connecting rod to prevent the expanded petal blades from over-expanding.

8. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unfolded petal blade includes a blade plate with a curvature and a blade support, wherein the blade support is provided on the back side of the blade plate and is used to support the blade plate; The connecting rod is a bent structure, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the blade bracket through a fastener, and the other end is a sleeve structure, and the sleeve of the connecting rod is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and fixedly connected thereto.

9. The high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main plate surface of the main counter-fixing plate assembly and the unfolded petal blades is made of carbon fiber material.

10. A design method for the high-storage petal-shaped single-axis rotating deployable fixed-surface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the method include: In a central petal-expanding dual-axis structure, the central vertex of the central disk surrounded by the blades is defined as point O. In a right-handed coordinate system, a symmetry axis B1B2 of the reference blade itself is along the X direction, an axis A1A2 tangent to the edge of the central disk is along the Y direction, and the projection plane of the central disk on the horizontal plane is the XOY plane. Axis A1A2 and axis B1B2 are two orthogonal rotation axes in the dual-axis structure. The rotation angle of the two orthogonal rotation axes when the blades are expanded, the projection radius of the central disk on plane XOY, the projection radius of the complete parabolic reflector of the antenna on plane XOY, the projection distance from axis A1A2 to the vertex of the central disk in the X direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to axis A1A2 along the Z direction, the projection distance from the center of the symmetry axis B1B2 along the X axis to the vertex of the central disk on plane XOY, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction, and the number of blades are used as design parameters. The optimization goal is to minimize the distance between adjacent blades, and the optimal values ​​of the design parameters are calculated using a genetic algorithm. According to Euler's theorem, the rotation of the blades around two orthogonal axes in the dual-axis structure is converted into a rotation around a spatial axis through coordinate transformation, thereby obtaining the position and rotation angle of the spatial axis in the single-axis structure. This spatial axis is the installation axis of the second rotation axis. Then, based on the position and rotation angle of the single axis and the optimal values ​​of the dual-axis structural parameters: the projection distance from the axis A1A2 to the vertex of the central disk in the X direction, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the axis A1A2 along the Z direction, the projection distance from the center of the symmetry axis B1B2 along the X axis to the vertex of the central disk on the plane XOY, the distance from the vertex of the central disk to the symmetry axis B1B2 along the Z direction, and the number of blades, a highly stowable petal-type single-axis rotation deployable solid-surface antenna is designed.

Images