Directionality-adjustable full-wave antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna which comprises a PCB, the PCB and an FPC board are arranged in an attached mode, the PCB and the FPC board are provided with an impedance matching part and a full-wave oscillator part, the impedance matching part is connected with a radio frequency transmission assembly, and a protection assembly is used for protecting the PCB, the FPC board and the impedance matching part. According to the device, the movable plate of the auxiliary assembly is matched with the sliding hole of the bottom plate, the installation distance can be dynamically adjusted according to the installation scene, the mode that the bolt penetrates through the installation hole to be fixed is compatible with various base planes, and the environment adaptability of the antenna is remarkably improved. The design that the folding film stretches out and draws back along with movement of the movable plate effectively prevents dust and water vapor from entering installation gaps, prevents mechanical structure jamming or electrical connection from being affected with damp, and prolongs the service life of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, antennas, as core components for signal radiation and reception, have a direct impact on the efficiency and stability of communication systems. While traditional full-wave antennas offer high gain and directivity, they suffer from two key drawbacks: First, their fixed directivity makes them difficult to adapt to the need for beam pointing adjustments in dynamic communication scenarios (such as mobile terminal signal tracking and radar target scanning); second, their impedance matching is inefficient. The impedance difference between the oscillator and the RF transmission component in traditional structures can easily lead to signal reflections and energy loss, especially at high frequencies. Furthermore, antenna installation compatibility, mechanical protection, and electromagnetic compatibility in complex environments also require urgent resolution.

[0003] Existing technologies use mechanical structures to adjust the angle of the oscillator to achieve directional control. However, these technologies suffer from complex structures, bulky size, and poor reliability. Regarding impedance matching, a single transmission line design struggles to meet broadband matching requirements, limiting the antenna's operating bandwidth. Furthermore, the fixed form factor of traditional rigid printed circuit boards (PCBs) cannot meet the requirements of flexible layouts, while the mechanical strength of simple flexible printed circuit boards (FPCs) is insufficient to support the stable transmission of high-frequency signals.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna that is easy to install to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna that is easy to install.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows: A directionally adjustable full-wave antenna, including a PCB board, an FPC board, an impedance matching part, a full-wave oscillator part, a protective component, a radio frequency transmission component, an installation component and an auxiliary component. The PCB board and the FPC board are laminated together, and the impedance matching part and the full-wave oscillator part are provided on the PCB board and the FPC board. The radio frequency transmission component is connected to the impedance matching part. The protective component is used to protect the PCB board, the FPC board, the impedance matching part and the full-wave oscillator part. The radio frequency transmission component is installed on the impedance matching part. The installation component is provided on the outside of the protective component, and the bottom of the installation component is provided with an auxiliary component that can facilitate installation.

[0007] Optionally, the full-wave dipole part includes two radiating dipole arms, the total length of the two dipole arms is one central operating wavelength, and the two dipole arms are respectively located on two different planes of the PCB board or the FPC board.

[0008] Optionally, the impedance matching part includes an intermediate transmission line, a short-circuit branch, a ground via extension line and an antenna feed line. The intermediate transmission line is installed on the top of the PCB board, and the short-circuit branch is installed on the top of the PCB board symmetrically about the intermediate transmission line. The intermediate transmission line and the short-circuit branches on both sides are connected by wiring, and the two ends of the short-circuit branch are connected to the ground via extension line. The antenna feed line is provided on the PCB board, and the intermediate transmission line is connected to the antenna feed line.

[0009] Optionally, the protective assembly includes a lower shell, a jack sleeve, an upper shell and an insertion block. The PCB board and the FPC board are installed in the lower shell. The side walls of the lower shell are symmetrically provided with jack sleeves, and the side walls of the upper shell are symmetrically provided with insertion blocks. The upper shell is fixedly installed in the jack sleeve of the lower shell through the insertion block, and ventilation holes are symmetrically opened on the side walls of the lower shell and the upper shell.

[0010] Optionally, the radio frequency transmission component includes a connector and a coaxial cable, and the antenna feed line is connected to the coaxial cable through the connector.

[0011] Optionally, the mounting assembly includes a mounting plate, an L-shaped protective plate, a first elastic member, a U-shaped frame, a U-shaped fixing frame, a bevel stopper and a second elastic member. A mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the lower shell body, and L-shaped protective plates are symmetrically provided on the mounting plate. First elastic members are provided on the bottom of the L-shaped protective plate and the top of the mounting plate. A U-shaped frame is provided between the upper and lower first elastic members on the same side. The two U-shaped frames are used to fix the lower shell body and the upper shell body. A U-shaped fixing frame is provided on the side of the U-shaped frames away from each other. A bevel stopper is slidingly provided on the U-shaped frame, and a second elastic member is provided on the bevel stopper. The second elastic member is connected to the U-shaped fixing frame, and a circular hole is provided on the mounting plate.

[0012] Optionally, the auxiliary component includes a base plate and a movable plate. The base plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, and mounting sliding holes are symmetrically opened on the base plate. The movable plate is slidably provided in the mounting sliding holes on the base plate, and the base plate is provided with mounting holes.

[0013] Optionally, a folding membrane is further included. The movable plate is symmetrically provided with the folding membrane, and the folding membrane is connected to the side wall of the installation sliding hole of the bottom plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects are:

[0015] 1. This device uses an auxiliary component's movable plate to mate with the baseplate's sliding holes, dynamically adjusting the mounting spacing based on the installation scenario. Bolts inserted through the mounting holes provide compatibility with a variety of substrates, significantly improving the antenna's environmental adaptability. The folding membrane, which expands and contracts with the movable plate, effectively blocks dust and moisture from entering the mounting gap, preventing mechanical jams or dampening electrical connections, thereby extending the antenna's service life.

[0016] 2. The first elastic part in the installation component connects the L-shaped protective plate and the U-shaped frame to form a buffer structure, which can absorb equipment vibration or external impact energy and reduce damage to the PCB board, FPC board and internal components; the second elastic part connects the inclined block and the U-shaped fixing frame. The automatic reset feature of the inclined block cooperates with the automatic reset feature of the inclined block to achieve push-in quick locking of the protective component, which can be installed without additional tools. At the same time, the elastic clamping force enhances the structural stability and adapts to vibration scenarios such as vehicles and drones.

[0017] 3. The impedance matching part is designed in a coordinated manner with the intermediate transmission line and the symmetrical short-circuit branches, which is equivalent to adjusting the imaginary part of the input impedance with a parallel inductor. Combined with the length fine-tuning of the ground via extension line, it can accurately match the high impedance of the full-wave oscillator with the 50Ω characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable, reducing the signal reflection coefficient to below 1.5, increasing the power transmission efficiency to more than 90%, and reducing high-frequency signal loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the protective component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the installation component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the auxiliary components of the present invention.

[0024] The meaning of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. PCB board, 101. FPC board, 2. Impedance matching part, 201. Intermediate transmission line, 202. Short-circuit branch, 203. Ground via extension line, 3. Antenna feed line, 4. Full-wave dipole part, 401. Radiation dipole arm, 5. Protection component, 501. Lower shell, 502. Jack sleeve, 503. Upper shell, 504. Insert block, 505. Ventilation port, 6. RF transmission group Parts, 601, connector, 602, coaxial cable, 7, installation assembly, 701, installation plate, 702, L-shaped protective plate, 703, first elastic member, 704, U-shaped frame, 705, U-shaped fixing frame, 706, inclined stopper, 707, second elastic member, 708, round hole, 8, auxiliary assembly, 801, bottom plate, 802, installation slide hole, 803, movable plate, 804, folding membrane, 805, installation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example: Figures 1-6As shown, a directional adjustable full-wave antenna includes a PCB board 1, an FPC board 101, an impedance matching part 2, a full-wave dipole part 4, a protective component 5, a radio frequency transmission component 6, a mounting component 7 and an auxiliary component 8. The PCB board 1 and the FPC board 101 are arranged in a laminated manner. The impedance matching part 2 and the full-wave dipole part 4 are provided on the PCB board 1 and the FPC board 101. The full-wave dipole part 4 includes two radiating dipole arms 401. The total length of the two radiating dipole arms 401 is one central working wavelength, and the two radiating dipole arms 401 are respectively located on two different planes of the PCB board 1 or the FPC board 101. The impedance matching part 2 includes an intermediate transmission line 201, a short-circuit branch 202, a ground via extension line 203 and an antenna feed line 3. , the intermediate transmission line 201 is installed on the top of the PCB board 1, the short-circuit branch 202 is symmetrically installed on the top of the PCB board 1 about the intermediate transmission line 201, the intermediate transmission line 201 and the short-circuit branches 202 on both sides are connected by wiring, and the two ends of the short-circuit branch 202 are connected to the ground via extension line 203, an antenna feed line 3 is provided on the PCB board 1, the intermediate transmission line 201 is connected to the antenna feed line 3, the impedance matching part 2 is connected to the RF transmission component 6, the protective component 5 is used to protect the PCB board 1, the FPC board 101, the impedance matching part 2, and the full-wave oscillator part 4, the protective component 5 includes a lower shell 501, a jack sleeve 502, an upper shell 503 and an insertion block 504, the PCB board 1 and the FPC board 101 are installed at the lower Inside the shell 501, the side wall of the lower shell 501 is symmetrically provided with a jack sleeve 502, and the side wall of the upper shell 503 is symmetrically provided with an insertion block 504. The upper shell 503 is fixedly installed in the jack sleeve 502 of the lower shell 501 through the insertion block 504. Ventilation holes 505 are symmetrically opened on the side walls of the lower shell 501 and the upper shell 503. A radio frequency transmission component 6 is installed on the impedance matching part 2. The radio frequency transmission component 6 includes a connector 601 and a coaxial cable 602. The antenna feed line 3 is connected to the coaxial cable 602 through the connector 601. A mounting component 7 is provided on the outside of the protective component 5. The mounting component 7 includes a mounting plate 701, an L-shaped protective plate 702, a first elastic member 703, a U-shaped frame 704, a U-shaped fixing frame 705, and a bevel stopper. 706 and the second elastic member 707, a mounting plate 701 is provided at the bottom of the lower shell 501, an L-shaped protective plate 702 is symmetrically provided on the mounting plate 701, a first elastic member 703 is provided on the bottom of the L-shaped protective plate 702 and the top of the mounting plate 701, a U-shaped frame 704 is provided between the upper and lower first elastic members 703 on the same side, and the two U-shaped frames 704 are used to fix the lower shell 501 and the upper shell 503, and a U-shaped fixing frame 705 is provided on the side of the U-shaped frame 704 away from each other, and a sloped stopper 706 is slidably provided on the U-shaped frame 704, and a second elastic member 707 is provided on the sloped stopper 706, and the second elastic member 707 is connected to the U-shaped fixing frame 705, and a circular hole 708 is provided on the mounting plate 701.An auxiliary assembly 8 is provided at the bottom of the mounting assembly 7 to facilitate installation. The auxiliary assembly 8 includes a base plate 801, a movable plate 803, and a folding membrane 804. The base plate 801 is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate 701. The base plate 801 has symmetrical mounting holes 802. The movable plate 803 is slidably mounted in the mounting holes 802 on the base plate 801. The base plate 801 has mounting holes 805. The movable plate 803 has symmetrical folding membranes 804 attached to the sidewalls of the mounting holes 802 on the base plate 801.

[0027] When installation is required, the position of the movable plate 803 is adjusted according to the installation position, and then the bolts are passed through the mounting holes 805 to install and fix it. During the movement and adjustment process of the movable plate 803, the folding membrane 804 on one side is folded, and the folding membrane 804 on the other side is stretched, thereby preventing dust from entering. During installation, the upper shell 503 insertion block 504 is snapped into the jack sleeve 502 of the lower shell 501 for fastening the PCB board 1 and the FPC board 101, and then the protective component 5 is pushed backward between the two U-shaped frames 704. The protective component 5 squeezes the inclined surface of the inclined surface stopper 706, and the inclined surface stopper 706 moves to both sides. The second elastic member 707 is compressed. When the protective component 5 is disengaged from the inclined surface stopper 706, the second elastic member 707 drives the inclined surface stopper 706 to reset, thereby The rear straight surface of the inclined block 706 can fix the protective component 5, and the first elastic member 703 can protect the protective component 5 from shock. The end of the short-circuit branch 202 is the ground via extension line 203. Adjusting the length of the extension line can improve the directivity of the antenna. The impedance matching part 2 solves the impedance mismatch problem between the antenna and the RF transmission component 6, reduces signal reflection, and improves power transmission efficiency. The input impedance is adjusted through the intermediate transmission line 201 and the short-circuit branch 202 to match the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable 602 of the RF transmission line. The full-wave dipole part 4 has a total length of the dipole arm that is the central working wavelength, which can enhance the radiation intensity in a specific direction and improve the antenna gain. The flexible structure of the FPC board 101 changes the relative position, angle or spacing of the dipole arm to adjust the radiation pattern of the antenna.

[0028] The above embodiments are provided to persons familiar with the art for implementing or using the present invention. Personnel familiar with the art may make various modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but should be the maximum scope of the innovative features mentioned in the claims.

Claims

1. A directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna, characterized by: The invention comprises a PCB board (1), wherein the PCB board (1) and an FPC board (101) are arranged in a laminated manner, an impedance matching part (2) and a full-wave oscillator part (4) are arranged on the PCB board (1) and the FPC board (101), a radio frequency transmission component (6) is connected to the impedance matching part (2), a protective component (5) is used to protect the PCB board (1), the FPC board (101), the impedance matching part (2), and the full-wave oscillator part (4), a radio frequency transmission component (6) is installed on the impedance matching part (2), a mounting component (7) is arranged on the outside of the protective component (5), and an auxiliary component (8) that facilitates installation is arranged at the bottom of the mounting component (7).

2. The directional adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The full-wave dipole part (4) comprises two radiation dipole arms (401), the total length of the two radiation dipole arms (401) is one central operating wavelength, and the two radiation dipole arms (401) are respectively located on two different planes of the PCB board (1) or the FPC board (101).

3. The directional adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impedance matching section (2) comprises an intermediate transmission line (201), the intermediate transmission line (201) being mounted on the top of the PCB board (1), short-circuit branches (202) being mounted symmetrically on the top of the PCB board (1) with respect to the intermediate transmission line (201), the intermediate transmission line (201) and the short-circuit branches (202) on both sides being connected via wiring, grounding via extension lines (203) being connected at both ends of the short-circuit branches (202), an antenna feed line (3) being provided on the PCB board (1), and the intermediate transmission line (201) being connected to the antenna feed line (3).

4. The directional adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective assembly (5) includes a lower shell (501), the PCB board (1) and the FPC board (101) are installed in the lower shell (501), the side wall of the lower shell (501) is symmetrically provided with a socket sleeve (502), the side wall of the upper shell (503) is symmetrically provided with an insertion block (504), the upper shell (503) is fixedly installed in the socket sleeve (502) of the lower shell (501) through the insertion block (504), and the side walls of the lower shell (501) and the upper shell (503) are symmetrically provided with ventilation holes (505).

5. The directional adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radio frequency transmission component (6) includes a connector (601), and the antenna feed line (3) is connected to a coaxial cable (602) via the connector (601).

6. The directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting assembly (7) includes a mounting plate (701), the mounting plate (701) is provided at the bottom of the lower shell (501), L-shaped protective plates (702) are symmetrically provided on the mounting plate (701), the bottom of the L-shaped protective plate (702) and the top of the mounting plate (701) are both provided with first elastic members (703), a U-shaped frame (704) is provided between the upper and lower first elastic members (703) on the same side, and the two U-shaped frames (704) are provided with a plurality of elastic members (703) on the same side. The lower shell (501) and the upper shell (503) are fixed therebetween. A U-shaped fixing frame (705) is provided on each side of the U-shaped frame (704) away from each other. A slanted stopper (706) is slidably provided on the U-shaped frame (704). A second elastic member (707) is provided on the slanted stopper (706). The second elastic member (707) is connected to the U-shaped fixing frame (705). A circular hole (708) is provided on the mounting plate (701).

7. The directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary component (8) includes a bottom plate (801), the bottom of the mounting plate (701) is provided with the bottom plate (801), the bottom plate (801) is symmetrically provided with mounting sliding holes (802), the mounting sliding holes (802) on the bottom plate (801) are slidably provided with a movable plate (803), and the bottom plate (801) is provided with a mounting hole (805).

8. The directivity-adjustable full-wave antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a folding membrane (804), which is symmetrically arranged on the movable plate (803), and the folding membrane (804) is connected to the side wall of the installation sliding hole (802) of the bottom plate (801).

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