Parallel operation power supply module system

Abstract

The invention provides a parallel operation power supply module system, and relates to the technical field of power supply control, the system comprises a communication bus and a plurality of parallel operation power supply modules, the plurality of power supply modules are in communication connection through the communication bus, and each power supply module comprises a control unit; the control unit is used for judging the role state of the current power supply module according to the comparison result of the identification code of the current power supply module and the identification codes of the other power supply modules, and the role state comprises a host and a slave; when the current power supply module is a host, adjusting the output voltage through a voltage compensation value determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy; and when the current power supply module is the slave, adjusting the output current through a preset current sharing strategy, and adjusting the output voltage according to the voltage compensation value determined by the host. The power supply stability of the system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power supply control technology, and in particular to a parallel power supply module system. Background Art

[0002] In scenarios such as industrial automation, communication base stations, and data centers, the power capacity of a single power module often falls short of meeting the demands of high-power loads. Therefore, parallel power modules have become a mainstream solution. By operating multiple power modules in parallel, output power can be flexibly expanded while improving system redundancy and reliability. For example, in cloud computing data centers, a multi-module parallel power system can provide stable, high-capacity power to server clusters, supporting online capacity expansion and fault redundancy switching, ensuring continuous and stable data center operations.

[0003] However, traditional power module systems usually adopt a relatively fixed regulation mechanism. When the load changes, the system is difficult to respond in a timely and accurate manner, affecting the stability of the system power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is how to improve the stability of system power supply.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a parallel power supply module system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a parallel power supply module system, comprising a communication bus and a plurality of parallel power supply modules, wherein the plurality of power supply modules are communicatively connected via the communication bus, and the power supply modules include a control unit; The control unit is used to: Determine the role status of the current power module based on a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules, where the role status includes master and slave; When the current power module is the host, the output voltage is adjusted by the voltage compensation value determined by the preset voltage compensation strategy; When the current power module is a slave, the output current is adjusted through the preset current sharing strategy, and the output voltage is adjusted according to the voltage compensation value determined by the host.

[0007] Optionally, before determining the role status of the current power module based on a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules, the method further includes: According to the timing status of the current power module, it is determined whether the current power module is in the operating timing; If so, the output voltage and output current are adjusted by the control unit of the current power module; If not, the output voltage and output current are not adjusted.

[0008] Optionally, judging the role status of the current power module according to a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules includes: Obtain identification codes of other power modules in operation sequence through the communication bus; Compare the identification code of the current power module with the identification codes of all the acquired power modules to determine whether the identification code of the current power module is the minimum identification code; If yes, the current power module is determined as the host; If not, the current power module is determined as a slave.

[0009] Optionally, adjusting the output voltage by using a voltage compensation value determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy includes: Obtain the output current of the remaining power modules in operation sequence through the communication bus; Add the output current of the current power module and the output current of the remaining power modules in operation sequence to obtain the total output current; According to the total output current and the corresponding current level, the voltage compensation value is determined by a preset voltage compensation relationship; The adjusted output voltage is obtained by adding the voltage compensation value to the current rated output voltage of the power module.

[0010] Optionally, the current level satisfies: When the total output current increases, if the total output current is greater than or equal to the first current threshold corresponding to the current level, the current current level is increased by one level to obtain the corresponding current level; When the total output current decreases, if the total output current is less than or equal to the second current threshold corresponding to the current level, the current level is decreased by one level to obtain the corresponding current level.

[0011] Optionally, the first current threshold satisfies: ; The second current threshold satisfies: ; Among them, I1 is the first current threshold, I2 is the second current threshold, N is the current current level, I B is the preset base current, I H is the preset hysteresis current.

[0012] Optionally, the voltage compensation relationship satisfies: ; Among them, V c is the voltage compensation value, K is the preset voltage compensation coefficient, N n is the corresponding current level, IB is the preset base current.

[0013] Optionally, the output current is adjusted using a preset current sharing strategy, including: Determine the current error of the current power module according to the current output current and the total output current of the current power module; When the current error is less than a preset current error threshold, the output current is adjusted through a preset feedback control; When the current error is greater than or equal to the current error threshold, the output current is adjusted using a fixed step adjustment strategy.

[0014] Optionally, determining the current error of the current power module according to the current output current and the total output current of the current power module includes: Divide the total output current by the number of power modules in operation to obtain the expected output current. A deviation between the expected output current and the current output current of the power module is determined as a current error.

[0015] Optionally, the output current is regulated by a fixed step regulation strategy, including: When the current output current is less than the expected output current, the output current is adjusted by a preset first given adjustment step; When the current output current is greater than the expected output current, the output current is adjusted using a preset second given adjustment step.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the parallel power supply module system of the present invention are as follows: by setting parallel power supply modules and a communication bus, communication connections can be established between the power supply modules, thereby ensuring information exchange between the power supply modules; a control unit is provided inside each power supply module, and the control unit in the power supply module can determine the role status of the current power supply module based on the comparison result of the identification code of the current power supply module and the identification codes of other power supply modules obtained through the communication bus, thereby realizing automatic allocation of the power supply module between the host and slave roles and optimizing system operation management; when the current power supply module is the host, the voltage compensation value is determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy, so that the output voltage can be adjusted according to the voltage compensation value, which can effectively maintain the stability of the output voltage and ensure the power supply quality; and when the current power supply module is the slave, the output current is adjusted by a preset current sharing strategy, which can achieve output current balancing between the power supply modules and avoid overload of some modules. At the same time, the output voltage is adjusted according to the voltage compensation value determined by the host, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of the output voltage of the entire system, improving the stability of the parallel power supply module system as a whole, and enhancing the adaptability and work efficiency of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of a parallel power supply module system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of current level changes when the total output current increases according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of current equivalent change when the total output current decreases according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a current level compensation gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of power module adjustment according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be understood that the various steps described in the method embodiments of the present invention may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0020] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0021] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0022] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrative purposes and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0023] In related technologies, traditional power module systems use a relatively fixed regulation mechanism, making it difficult for the system to respond promptly and accurately when the load changes. When multiple modules are operated in parallel, the internal parameters of each power module vary, lacking intelligent collaborative regulation capabilities and unable to dynamically adjust output power according to real-time load demands. As the load fluctuates, some modules may experience a drop or rise in output voltage, while other modules cannot quickly compensate, resulting in an unbalanced output voltage. Simultaneously, current distribution becomes unbalanced due to lags in regulation, with some modules carrying excessive current, exceeding their normal operating range. Accumulating voltage and current deviations exacerbate operational differences between modules. Long-term operation can degrade overall system performance, ultimately impacting system stability and reliability.

[0024] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, an embodiment of the present invention provides a parallel power supply module system.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a parallel power module system, including a communication bus and multiple parallel power modules, the multiple power modules are communicatively connected via the communication bus, and the power modules include a control unit; Specifically, the parallel power module system is mainly composed of a communication bus B and a parallel power module. The parallel power module may include n power modules, namely power module M1, power module M2, power module M3 to power module M n Multiple power modules communicate via a communication bus B, which acts as a "highway" for information exchange between them. Using a mature communication protocol, the bus enables the control units of each power module to exchange information in real time, including their operating status, output power, and fault information. Examples of communication buses include Controller Area Network (CAN), Ethernet Control Automation Technology (EtherCAT), or Power Management Bus (PMBus). The CAN bus offers high reliability (multi-master architecture, differential signal transmission, and data error correction), high real-time performance (short frame structure and priority mechanism), and high flexibility (multi-node communication and protocol scalability). Each power module connects to a high-level signal line for positive voltage signals and a low-level signal line for negative voltage signals via its own CAN transceiver chip. The CAN bus has a data arbitration mechanism, where smaller identifiers (IDs) have higher priority. This ID can be used to determine whether a power module is a master.

[0026] Furthermore, the output of each power module is connected in parallel to supply power to the input of load R. The power module is the core energy supply unit of the entire parallel system, and each power module includes a control unit. The control unit acts as the "brain" of the power module and can be composed of a high-performance microprocessor, complex logic control circuits, and various sensors. The microprocessor is responsible for executing preset control algorithms, such as voltage compensation and current sharing strategies, to precisely regulate key parameters such as the power module's output voltage and current according to system requirements. The logic control circuit monitors and manages the power module's operating status in real time, ensuring stable operation under both normal and abnormal conditions. Various sensors, such as voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors, collect key data from the power module in real time and feed it back to the control unit, providing a basis for precise control. like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in the system of multiple power modules in parallel, each power module is provided with a corresponding control unit, with power module M1 as the current power module M1, the control unit set inside the power module M1 directly communicates with the other power modules in the running sequence (power module M2, power module M3 to power module M1) through the CAN bus. n ) is associated with and is responsible for monitoring and regulating the output voltage and output current of the current power module M1. In addition to the current power module, each of the other parallel power modules in the system is also equipped with a corresponding control unit, that is, when the current power module is M1, the power modules M2, M3 to M4 in the running sequence are n All belong to “other power modules”. For example, when focusing on the control unit of power module M1, power module M1 is the current power module, power modules M2, M3 to M4 are all “other power modules”. n For the remaining power modules, the control unit of the current power module M1 will collect its own corresponding data, and at the same time obtain the data of the remaining power modules M2 to M3 through the communication bus. n The data is used to coordinate the realization of current sharing and voltage compensation functions, ensuring the stable operation of the multi-module parallel system. Optionally, the control unit may be configured to perform the following steps or implement the following functions: S100 , judging the role status of the current power module based on a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules, wherein the role status includes master and slave.

[0027] Specifically, by comparing the identification code of the current power module with the identification codes of the remaining power modules, its role status can be determined based on the preset coding rules and role determination logic. The encoding order, priority mark, etc. of the identification code can be used to determine whether the host role conditions set by the system are met. For example, the identification codes of all running power modules are sorted, and the role status of the power module with the smallest code can be determined as "host" (or a suitable code can be set as "host" according to actual needs); conversely, if the identification code does not meet the host role status determination conditions, the current power module is determined to meet the slave definition and is determined to be a "slave". This process must ensure the uniqueness of the identification code to achieve reliable determination of the role status of the current power module.

[0028] S200: When the current power module is the host, the output voltage is adjusted according to a voltage compensation value determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy.

[0029] Specifically, when the current power module is determined to be the host through identification code comparison, a preset voltage compensation strategy will be activated. This voltage compensation strategy can collect the real-time operating parameters of all power modules in operation through the communication bus, such as output current, and add the output currents of all power modules in operation to obtain the total output current. The voltage compensation value is then determined based on the total output current and the corresponding preset current level. The output voltage of each power module in operation can be adjusted based on the voltage compensation value, thereby ensuring that the output voltage is stable within the target value range and guaranteeing the normal operation and power supply quality of the electrical equipment.

[0030] S300: When the current power module is a slave, the output current is adjusted using a preset current sharing strategy, and the output voltage is adjusted according to a voltage compensation value determined by the host.

[0031] Specifically, when the current power module is determined to be a slave through identification code comparison, the current power module will implement a preset current sharing strategy to adjust the output current. Current sharing strategies are generally implemented in various ways, such as master-slave current sharing, droop current sharing, or average current automatic sharing. Taking the master-slave current sharing method as an example, the slave module monitors the output current of the other power modules in operation in real time and adjusts its own output current through its internal current sharing control circuit to ensure that the output current of the current power module is consistent with the average current, thereby avoiding problems such as overheating or shortened module life due to current imbalance. Regarding voltage regulation, the slave module receives and follows the voltage compensation value sent by the master module via communication bus B. The slave module does not calculate the voltage compensation itself, but directly uses the compensation value calculated by the master based on global operating parameters. After receiving the voltage compensation value, the slave power module's current output voltage is added to the voltage compensation value to obtain the adjusted output voltage. The slave module then adjusts its output voltage to the adjusted output voltage by adjusting its internal voltage regulating components, thereby ensuring a stable and uniform output voltage for the entire power system. If the power supply system lacks voltage compensation, the load regulation of the power supply will decrease the output voltage as the load increases, while increasing the output voltage (less than or equal to the rated voltage) as the load decreases. Furthermore, due to cable losses and voltage drops, the load-side voltage will be less than the rated output voltage. Therefore, the output voltage compensation value will not be negative.

[0032] In this embodiment, by setting up a communication bus and a parallel power supply module, multiple power supply modules can be communicated and connected, thereby ensuring information exchange between the power supply modules; a control unit is provided inside each power supply module, and the control unit in the power supply module can determine the role status of the current power supply module based on the comparison result of the identification code of the current power supply module and the identification codes of other power supply modules obtained through the communication bus, thereby realizing the automatic allocation of the power supply module between the host and slave roles and optimizing the system operation management; when the current power supply module is the host, the voltage compensation value is determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy, so that the output voltage can be adjusted according to the voltage compensation value, which can effectively maintain the stability of the output voltage and ensure the power supply quality; and when the current power supply module is the slave, the output current is adjusted by a preset current sharing strategy, which can achieve output current balancing between the power supply modules and avoid overload of some modules. At the same time, the output voltage is adjusted according to the voltage compensation value determined by the host, ensuring the consistency and stability of the output voltage of the entire system, thereby improving the stability of the parallel power supply module system as a whole, and enhancing the adaptability and work efficiency of the system.

[0033] Optionally, before determining the role status of the current power module based on a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules, the method further includes: According to the timing status of the current power module, it is determined whether the current power module is in the operating timing; If so, the output voltage and output current are adjusted by the control unit of the current power module; If not, the output voltage and output current are not adjusted.

[0034] In this optional embodiment, the timing state of the current power module is first obtained, and the timing state is used to characterize whether the module is in a preset normal working sequence. If it is determined that the current power module is in the operating sequence (that is, it meets the time sequence or logical conditions for participating in system regulation), its control unit is triggered to start the regulation mechanism. If the current power module is not in the operating sequence (such as no communication signal is received, it is in a fault state or it is not activated), the control unit does not perform any adjustment action, keeps the output voltage and current unchanged, and avoids erroneous operations in the non-operating state that affect the stability of the system. This process achieves precise control of the working state of the module through the judgment of the timing state, ensuring that the power supply system only performs current sharing and voltage compensation adjustments between valid modules, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of the overall operation.

[0035] Optionally, judging the role status of the current power module according to a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules includes: Obtain identification codes of other power modules in operation sequence through the communication bus; Compare the identification code of the current power module with the identification codes of all the acquired power modules to determine whether the identification code of the current power module is the minimum identification code; If yes, the current power module is determined as the host; If not, the current power module is determined as a slave.

[0036] In this optional embodiment, after obtaining the identification codes of the remaining power modules in the running sequence through the communication bus, the identification code of the current power module is compared one by one with all the obtained identification codes to determine its role status. The comparison process can follow the principle of minimum value, that is, if the identification code of the current power module has the smallest value among all the identification codes involved in the comparison, its role status is determined to be the host, and it is responsible for calculating the voltage compensation value and serving as the voltage reference of the system; if the identification code of the current power module is not the smallest, its role status is determined to be the slave, and it needs to receive the compensation value calculated by the host to adjust the output voltage, and execute the current sharing strategy at the same time. This master-slave role allocation mechanism based on the size of the identification code ensures that there is only one host responsible for the core control logic in the system, avoiding control conflicts that may be caused by multiple hosts, while simplifying the control process of the slave and improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0037] Optionally, adjusting the output voltage by using a voltage compensation value determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy includes: Obtain the output current of the remaining power modules in operation sequence through the communication bus; Add the output current of the current power module and the output current of the remaining power modules in operation sequence to obtain the total output current; According to the total output current and the corresponding current level, the voltage compensation value is determined by a preset voltage compensation relationship; The adjusted output voltage is obtained by adding the voltage compensation value to the current rated output voltage of the power module.

[0038] Specifically, when it is determined that the current power module is the host, the output voltage needs to be adjusted. First, the output current data of all power modules in the running sequence are collected through the communication bus. Subsequently, the output current of the current power module is added to the output current of the modules in the running sequence obtained to obtain the total output current of the system. Based on the total output current, the control unit will query the preset current level range and determine the currently required voltage compensation value based on the preset voltage compensation relationship. Finally, the compensation value is added to the output voltage of the current power module to obtain the adjusted output voltage value, which will be used as the new output voltage reference of the system for subsequent voltage regulation control to ensure that the load end obtains a stable and accurate voltage.

[0039] Optionally, the current level satisfies: When the total output current increases, if the total output current is greater than or equal to the first current threshold corresponding to the current level, the current current level is increased by one level to obtain the corresponding current level; When the total output current decreases, if the total output current is less than or equal to the second current threshold corresponding to the current level, the current level is decreased by one level to obtain the corresponding current level.

[0040] Specifically, automatic switching of current levels is achieved by monitoring the dynamic changes in the total output current. When the total output current increases, if its value is greater than or equal to the first current threshold corresponding to the current current level (i.e., the upper boundary threshold of the gear, such as 30A), it is determined that the current load demand has increased, and the current level is increased by one level, corresponding to a higher voltage compensation value to compensate for the larger line voltage drop. Conversely, when the total output current decreases and is less than or equal to the second current threshold corresponding to the current current level (i.e., the lower boundary threshold of the gear, such as 10A), it is determined that the load demand has decreased, and the current level is decreased by one level, corresponding to a lower voltage compensation value. This mechanism avoids frequent jumps in the compensation value caused by small fluctuations in current near the threshold by setting two independent thresholds (the first threshold and the second threshold form a hysteresis interval), thereby ensuring the stability of voltage compensation.

[0041] For example, the horizontal axis is the total output current, and the vertical axis is the voltage value corresponding to the total output current, wherein the dotted gradient curve is the gradient curve of the current level corresponding to different total output currents when the total output current rises; the solid gradient curve is the gradient curve corresponding to different total output currents and current levels when the total output current drops. The output voltage can be step-compensated (divided into steps) according to the total output current. When the total output current is within the step range, the voltage compensation value is constant. At this time, only the current sharing strategy adjusts the output voltage; and when the total output current fluctuates at the step, the output voltage compensation value will jump up and down. The current sharing strategy and the output voltage compensation strategy may adjust the output voltage at the same time, causing current sharing oscillation. Therefore, a hysteresis zone is added on the basis of the step compensation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the dotted gradient curve corresponds to the gradient curve when the total output current increases, and the dashed gradient curve corresponds to the gradient curve when the total output current decreases. When the total output current rises from 25A to 30A, the dotted gradient curve corresponding to the current level upgrade is triggered, and the current level increases by one level, that is, from level 0 to 1. When the total output current decreases from 25A to 10A, the solid gradient curve corresponding to the current level degradation is triggered, and the current level decreases by one level, that is, from level 1 to 0. By using the current levels corresponding to the total output current when the total output current increases and decreases, regulation oscillations can be effectively suppressed, improving the adaptability and reliability of the power supply system to dynamic load changes.

[0042] Optionally, the first current threshold satisfies: ; The second current threshold satisfies: ; Among them, I1 is the first current threshold, I2 is the second current threshold, N is the current current level, I B is the preset base current, I H is the preset hysteresis current.

[0043] Optionally, the voltage compensation relationship satisfies: ; Among them, V c is the voltage compensation value, K is the preset voltage compensation coefficient, N n is the corresponding current level, I B is the preset base current.

[0044] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis is the total output current, the vertical axis is the current level, and the direction of the slash arrow is the direction of the total output current rising. When the current rises, the total output current exceeds I B +I H, the current level N changes from 0 to 1; the total output current exceeds 1*I B +I H , the current level N changes from 1 to 2; the current level N changes, the output voltage compensation value V C Also changes accordingly. Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal axis is the total output current, the vertical axis is the current level, and the direction of the slash arrow is the direction of the total output current decrease. When the current decreases, assuming that the current level N is 2 at the previous moment, the total output current is lower than 2*I B -I H , the current level N changes from 2 to 1. In summary, when the current is [I B -I H , I B +I H ], the current level remains unchanged. Hysteresis current I H It is used to reduce the sensitivity of the voltage compensation system and prevent the current level from jumping repeatedly when the total output current sampling fluctuates, causing more violent oscillations in the current sharing. Assuming that the total output current remains unchanged, reduce the base current I B The number of current levels can be increased by adjusting the base current. This number is equal to the total output current divided by the base current. The number of current levels reflects the output voltage regulation accuracy. Therefore, the base current is used to adjust the accuracy of the voltage compensation system. The voltage compensation coefficient K can be customized to accommodate voltage drops caused by varying cable lengths, providing high flexibility. When current transients fluctuate significantly, the current levels are adjusted incrementally (for example, from level 0 to level 5). This prevents sudden changes in compensation values ​​from causing voltage shocks or module protection issues, thereby improving system stability.

[0045] Optionally, the output current is adjusted using a preset current sharing strategy, including: Determine the current error of the current power module based on the current output current and total output current of the current power module When the current error is less than a preset current error threshold, the output current is adjusted through a preset feedback control; When the current error is greater than or equal to the current error threshold, the output current is adjusted using a fixed step adjustment strategy.

[0046] Optionally, determining the current error of the current power module according to the current output current and the total output current of the current power module includes: Divide the total output current by the number of power modules in operation to obtain the expected output current. A deviation between the expected output current and the current output current of the power module is determined as a current error.

[0047] Specifically, during the current-sharing regulation process for power modules, the current error is first determined based on the current output current of the current power module and the total output current. Specifically, the total output current is divided by the number of power modules in operation to obtain the desired output current, which represents the current value that each power module should output under ideal current-sharing conditions. The desired output current is then subtracted from the current output current of the current power module, resulting in a deviation that is the current error. Different regulation strategies are then adopted based on the relationship between the current error and a preset current error threshold. When the current error is less than the preset current error threshold, the output current is adjusted using a preset feedback control (e.g., feedback regulation based on a PI controller, which continuously and dynamically adjusts the output based on the error) to achieve more precise current control. When the current error is greater than or equal to the current error threshold, a fixed-step regulation strategy (adjusting the output current according to a pre-set fixed current adjustment amount) is used to quickly reduce the error and avoid the system being in a state of large deviation for a long time. This ensures balanced distribution of output current among the power modules and improves system power supply stability.

[0048] In this optional embodiment, through the above-mentioned graded regulation based on current error, the total output current and the number of modules are first used to calculate the expected output current and determine the current error. Then, the regulation mode is flexibly switched according to the size of the error: when the error is small, feedback control is used to achieve precise fine-tuning to ensure the precision of current distribution; when the error is large, a fixed step size is used to quickly correct the deviation to avoid deviation accumulation. This mechanism can effectively balance the output current of each power module, reduce voltage fluctuations and power imbalances caused by uneven current between modules, make the system power supply more stable, enhance the ability to cope with load changes or module differences, lay a solid foundation for the stable operation of the system from the current distribution level, and improve the overall power supply reliability and sustainability.

[0049] Optionally, the output current is regulated by a fixed step regulation strategy, including: When the current output current is less than the expected output current, the output current is adjusted by a preset first given adjustment step; When the current output current is greater than the expected output current, the output current is adjusted using a preset second given adjustment step.

[0050] Specifically, when the current output current is less than the desired output current, the output voltage can be increased using a preset first given adjustment step size, causing the output current to increase and gradually approach the desired current (the system's average current). When the output current is greater than the desired output current, the output current needs to be reduced to approach the desired current. The output voltage can be reduced using a preset second given adjustment step size. As the output voltage decreases, the output current gradually decreases and approaches the desired current. It should be noted that the preset first given adjustment offset and the second given adjustment offset can be set based on the actual operating conditions of the system. They can be the same or set separately.

[0051] In this optional embodiment, after the expected output current is calculated based on the total output current and the number of operating timing modules, and the current output current and its deviation (i.e., current error) are clarified, the output current will be further adjusted using different given values ​​based on the relationship between the current output current and the expected output current: if the current output current is less than the expected output current, it means that the output capacity of the module has not reached the ideal current sharing state. At this time, a preset first given adjustment step is used (the given adjustment step is usually set based on the requirement of allowing the module to quickly increase the output and approach the expected current. For example, in a small deviation scenario, it is an adjustment amount slightly higher than the current output and gradually approaches the expected current). ) to adjust the output voltage, and change the output current by adjusting the output voltage, so that the output current increases and approaches the expected output current; if the current output current is greater than the expected output current, it means that the module output is relatively too much. To avoid overcompensation or maintain stability, the output voltage is adjusted by a preset second given adjustment step, and the output current is changed by adjusting the output voltage, so that the output current decreases and approaches the expected output current, and finally the output of each module is closer to balance. From the perspective of refined control of current regulation, the system can achieve more stable power supply, reduce voltage fluctuations caused by module output differences, and ensure the stability and reliability of system operation.

[0052] In the parallel power module system of this embodiment, data exchange between modules can be achieved through CAN communication. The pseudo master-slave strategy and the step-by-step hysteresis algorithm are combined to solve the problems of inaccurate voltage regulation, difficulty in implementing traditional compensation, and disordered regulation in parallel without a master-slave system, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power system. The specific contents are as follows: 1. System Architecture and Communication Mechanism Data transmission between power modules can use the CAN communication bus, which can support multi-master architecture, differential signal transmission and data error correction, and has high reliability, real-time and flexibility.

[0053] Communication data includes the module's current, operating sequence, and compensation voltage value. Each module is connected through the CAN_H and CAN_L differential buses. CAN_H (CAN High) is the high-end line of the differential signal, used to transmit the high-level signal of the CAN bus; CAN_L (CAN Low) is the low-end line of the differential signal, used to transmit the low-level signal of the CAN bus. Data arbitration is achieved based on the module's identification code (ID) priority (the smaller the ID, the higher the priority).

[0054] Master-slave role definition: Host: The power module with the smallest ID in the system. It does not participate in current sharing regulation and is dedicated to calculating the voltage compensation value and serving as the system voltage reference.

[0055] Slave: The remaining power modules in operation sequence receive the voltage compensation value obtained by the host, adjust the current through the current sharing strategy, and then adjust the voltage synchronously.

[0056] 2. Parallel Current Sharing Strategy Pseudo master-slave current sharing mechanism This embodiment of the system eliminates the need for master-slave average current sharing. Instead, the power module with the smallest ID acts as the master and excludes it from the current sharing mechanism. The master serves only as a voltage reference, while the slaves adjust their output currents to match the master's using a current sharing algorithm (such as a PI controller). This prevents current sharing failures caused by master failures in traditional master-slave mode.

[0057] Current error regulation logic Expected output current: Total output current divided by the number of operating modules, which is the current sharing target, that is, the current error.

[0058] Staged adjustment: When the current error is less than the threshold, feedback control (such as PI control) is used to fine-tune the output current. When the error is greater than or equal to the threshold, fixed-step adjustment is used to quickly reduce the deviation and ensure current balance between modules.

[0059] 3. Output Voltage Digital Compensation Strategy Compensation logic based on total current The host calculates the voltage compensation value based on the total output current of the power system, rather than the module's own current, to avoid current sharing fluctuations caused by compensation differences between modules.

[0060] Shift position hysteresis zone algorithm: The total current is divided into discrete gears (i.e., current levels). Each gear can correspond to a fixed voltage compensation value. The voltage compensation value can be calculated through the voltage compensation relationship, and a hysteresis interval (such as ±20A) is set. The compensation gear is switched only when the current exceeds the interval boundary, suppressing the regulation disorder caused by small fluctuations.

[0061] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, when the total output current rises to 30A (i.e., reaches the upper boundary of the 1st gear), the corresponding voltage compensation value ΔV1 that needs to be switched is calculated through the voltage supplement relationship, and when the total output current drops to 10A (i.e., the lower boundary of the 0th gear), it can be switched to ΔV0. The current gear voltage compensation value remains unchanged in the intermediate range.

[0062] Master-slave collaborative compensation process After the host calculates the compensation value, it is synchronized to the slave through CAN communication. The slave directly uses this value to adjust the output voltage to ensure that the voltage of the entire system is unified to "rated voltage + compensation value", offsetting the line voltage drop and stabilizing the load end voltage at the set value.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the control unit of the power module can be used to implement the following functions: Data interaction stage The control unit of this power module (the current power module) performs three operations simultaneously: receiving parallel data (obtaining information such as the output current, ID, and status of other power modules), collecting local power module information (collecting data such as its own output current and voltage), and sending parallel data (reporting the local module's status to other modules).

[0064] Based on the interactive data, the system summarizes global information about the parallel system: statistics on the total number of operating power modules, total output current, the module with the smallest ID, and its calculated voltage compensation value, providing a basis for adjustment.

[0065] Runtime timing judgment Determine the "operating timing of this power module": If it is in a valid operating state, enter the current sharing / compensation branch; if not, this power module does not participate in current sharing and voltage compensation and directly skips the adjustment process.

[0066] Adjustment logic branch Current sharing adjustment (timing is "current sharing"): Calculate the current error: Divide the total output current by the number of running power modules to obtain the expected output current "average current". Subtract this from the "output current of this power module" to obtain the current error that needs to be adjusted.

[0067] PI controller adjustment: Based on the current error, the PI control algorithm generates a voltage adjustment value to adjust the output of the power module so that the current of each power module is close to equilibrium.

[0068] Minimum ID determination: If this power module has the smallest ID in the system (host), it does not participate in current sharing regulation (focusing on voltage compensation calculation); otherwise, current sharing regulation is performed.

[0069] Compensation adjustment (timing is "compensation"): Directly call the voltage compensation value calculated by the power module with the minimum ID (host) as the given value for voltage regulation of this power module to ensure uniform compensation benchmarks across the entire system.

[0070] Final adjustment target Non-minimum ID power modules: Through current sharing / compensation adjustment, "current balancing between power modules + remote voltage compensation" is achieved to stabilize the voltage at the load end.

[0071] Minimum ID power module (host): After completing voltage compensation value calculation and synchronization, it does not participate in current sharing regulation to ensure clear system control logic.

[0072] The entire process can be achieved through CAN bus data interaction and master-slave role collaboration (the minimum ID host coordinates compensation, and the slave performs current sharing), which solves the coordination problem of current sharing and voltage compensation when multiple modules are connected in parallel, and improves the system power supply stability and accuracy.

[0073] In this optional embodiment, the pseudo master-slave strategy based on the power module improves the regulation accuracy and anti-interference ability through the regulation control of the control unit in the power module, while avoiding the problem of additional sampling circuits required for traditional remote voltage compensation, thereby saving hardware costs and reducing the risk of interference introduction; in terms of improving system reliability, the pseudo master-slave strategy retains the advantages of no master-slave redundancy, and can automatically take over the remaining modules with the smallest ID when the host fails, ensuring continuous operation of the system, and the gear hysteresis algorithm combined with total current compensation can coordinate current sharing and voltage regulation, avoiding the conflict between the two and causing output fluctuations, thereby improving stability; in terms of flexible adaptability, the hysteresis zone range and gear base current size can be adjusted to adapt to application scenarios with different precision requirements such as high-precision laboratory power supplies or industrial-grade high-power power supplies. In terms of application effect and cost optimization, the accuracy is improved, so that the output voltage after dynamic load adjustment is closer to the set value, solving the problem of large voltage deviation in no master-slave parallel operation, and reducing costs. No external remote sampling circuit is required, which reduces the complexity of the hardware circuit, and has a wide range of applications, supports multi-module parallel connection, and is suitable for power system scenarios requiring high reliability and flexible expansion, such as data centers and communication base stations. Through the above mechanism, this solution achieves the coordinated optimization of digital current sharing and voltage compensation, significantly improving the efficiency, stability and cost-effectiveness of the power supply system.

[0074] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parallel power supply module system, characterized in that: A communication bus and a plurality of parallel power modules are included, wherein the plurality of power modules are communicatively connected via the communication bus, and the power modules include a control unit; The control unit is used for: Determining the role status of the current power module based on a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules, wherein the role status includes a master and a slave; When the current power module is the host, adjusting the output voltage by a voltage compensation value determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy; When the current power supply module is a slave, the output current is regulated by a preset current sharing strategy, and the output voltage is adjusted according to the voltage compensation value determined by the host.

2. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before determining the role status of the current power module based on the comparison result of the identification code of the current power module with the identification codes of the remaining power modules, the method further includes: Determining whether the current power module is in operation timing according to the acquired timing status of the current power module; If yes, adjusting the output voltage and the output current by the control unit of the current power module; If not, the output voltage and the output current are not adjusted.

3. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining, based on a comparison result of the identification code of the current power module and the identification codes of the remaining power modules, the role status of the current power module includes: Acquire identification codes of the remaining power modules in the operating sequence through the communication bus; Comparing the identification code of the current power module with the obtained identification codes of all the power modules to determine whether the identification code of the current power module is a minimum identification code; If yes, determining the current power module as the host; If not, the current power module is determined as the slave.

4. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the output voltage by using a voltage compensation value determined by a preset voltage compensation strategy includes: Obtaining the output currents of the remaining power modules in the operating sequence through the communication bus; Adding the output current of the current power module and the output currents of the remaining power modules in the operating sequence to obtain a total output current; Determining a voltage compensation value according to the total output current and the corresponding current level using a preset voltage compensation relationship; The adjusted output voltage is obtained by adding the voltage compensation value to the rated output voltage of the current power module.

5. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The current level meets the following requirements: When the total output current increases, if the total output current is greater than or equal to a first current threshold corresponding to the current level, the current current level is increased by one level to obtain the corresponding current level; When the total output current decreases, if the total output current is less than or equal to a second current threshold corresponding to the current level, the current level is decreased by one level to obtain the corresponding current level.

6. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first current threshold satisfies: ； The second current threshold satisfies: ； Wherein, I1 is the first current threshold, I2 is the second current threshold, N is the current current level, I B is the preset base current, I H is the preset hysteresis current.

7. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The voltage compensation relationship satisfies: ； Among them, V c is the voltage compensation value, K is the preset voltage compensation coefficient, N n is the corresponding current level, I B is the preset base current.

8. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output current is adjusted by using a preset current sharing strategy, including: Determining the current error of the current power module according to the current output current of the current power module and the total output current; When the current error is less than a preset current error threshold, adjusting the output current through a preset feedback control; When the current error is greater than or equal to the current error threshold, the output current is adjusted using a fixed step size adjustment strategy.

9. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The determining the current error of the current power module according to the current output current of the current power module and the total output current includes: Dividing the total output current by the number of all power modules in operation sequence to obtain the expected output current; A deviation between the expected output current and the current output current of the current power module is determined as a current error.

10. The parallel power supply module system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the output current by using a fixed step size adjustment strategy includes: When the current output current is less than the expected output current, adjusting the output current by a preset first given adjustment step; When the current output current is greater than the expected output current, the output current is adjusted using a preset second given adjustment step size.

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