Multi-path vibration energy collection device

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-path vibration energy collection device, and the device comprises a mass block which can generate relative movement under the excitation effect; the piezoelectric cantilever beams are arranged on the two transverse sides of the mass block and used for responding to high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration energy; the permanent magnet assembly is fixed in the moving direction of the mass block and is matched with the induction coil to realize magnetoelectric energy conversion; the piezoelectric cantilever beam is connected with the bridge rectifier and the thyristor threshold trigger circuit 1, and the permanent magnet assembly is connected with the bridge rectifier and the thyristor threshold trigger circuit 2 to form a double-independent energy collection channel. The method has the following advantages: (1) a path orthogonal decoupling design is adopted, so that a structure and energy dual-independent acquisition path is realized; (2) the energy conversion efficiency is improved based on a coupling response mechanism of mass block inertia driving; and (3) a thyristor threshold triggering mechanism realizes micro-energy efficient conversion, and the output is stable and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vibration energy harvesting, and in particular to a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device with wide spectrum excitation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of smart structures and low-power sensing technologies, efficient collection of structural vibration energy has become a crucial tool for structural health monitoring, IoT systems, and remote monitoring terminal power supply. During their service life, structures are often subjected to excitations such as wind loads, crowd disturbances, earthquakes, and traffic. These vibrations contain abundant recyclable energy. Efficiently converting this energy into electricity would significantly enhance the energy self-sustaining capacity of structural systems.

[0003] Currently, mainstream vibration energy harvesting technologies mostly utilize a single type of energy conversion mechanism, such as piezoelectric, electromagnetic, or electrostatic harvesters. These harvesters are typically optimized for specific types of vibration input, resulting in a narrow frequency response range, a single energy conversion pathway, and limited system adaptability. These factors make it difficult to meet the energy conversion requirements of structures subjected to multimodal, wide-spectrum excitation conditions during actual service. For example, piezoelectric harvesters are sensitive to high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, but their output power rapidly decays under low-frequency, wide-amplitude conditions. Electromagnetic harvesters, on the other hand, are suitable for high-amplitude, low-frequency excitation but are insensitive to high-frequency, small-amplitude signals. While each has its advantages, when used alone, their harvesting efficiency can fluctuate due to changes in excitation conditions. Furthermore, while electrostatic harvesters offer integration advantages, their output power is extremely low, making them primarily suitable for MEMS applications and lacking engineering application potential.

[0004] Against this backdrop, multi-mechanism fusion energy harvesting technologies are gaining increasing attention. Some studies have attempted to combine piezoelectric and magnetoelectric energy harvesters to achieve adaptive response to multi-band and multi-amplitude excitation conditions. However, these approaches often remain at the level of mechanism superposition, lacking a systematic design approach that addresses structural synergy and path coupling. Traditional combination approaches commonly suffer from structural layout conflicts, mutual interference between response paths, and severe circuit signal coupling, resulting in insufficient improvement in overall system energy harvesting efficiency. In particular, circuit signal coupling can cause output voltages from different paths to interfere with each other, reducing system stability. Therefore, a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device with a truly orthogonal structural layout, independent path functions, and complementary response mechanisms is urgently needed. Such a device should be able to simultaneously achieve structural synergy and energy decoupling of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric energy harvesting paths within a confined space, improving the system's robustness and energy conversion efficiency under various excitation conditions, thereby meeting the future trend of highly coupled smart structures and green energy demands. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present invention proposes an innovative technical solution, namely, a multi-path energy harvesting device with orthogonal arrangement of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric, aiming to provide a vibration energy harvesting device with higher performance.

[0007] Specifically, the present invention provides a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device, comprising:

[0008] Mass, which can produce relative motion under the action of excitation;

[0009] Piezoelectric cantilever beams are arranged on both sides of the mass block and are used to respond to high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration energy;

[0010] The permanent magnet assembly is fixed in the direction of motion of the mass block to achieve magneto-electric energy conversion;

[0011] Two independent rectification and load circuit modules are connected to the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the permanent magnet assembly, respectively, to achieve energy decoupling output. The energy harvesting path uses a thyristor threshold trigger circuit to achieve intermittent energy release.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibration energy harvesting device further includes a shell, and the piezoelectric cantilever beam is transversely installed and fixed in the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the permanent magnet assembly includes a permanent magnet and an induction coil, the permanent magnet is fixed to the lower surface of the mass block, the induction coil is fixed to the bottom of the shell, and the permanent magnet is partially inserted into the induction coil.

[0014] Furthermore, the piezoelectric cantilever beam is made of a highly elastic metal material, and the upper surface is covered with a piezoelectric material layer. Silver electrodes are laid on both ends of the piezoelectric cantilever beam and are led out through wires.

[0015] Furthermore, the permanent magnet is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and a rectangular slot is provided at the bottom of the mass block for embedding the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and fixing it by a non-magnetic clamping structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the rectification and load circuit module connected to the piezoelectric cantilever beam includes a bridge rectifier, a capacitor filter unit and a thyristor threshold trigger circuit, and the rectification and load circuit module connected to the permanent magnet assembly also includes a bridge rectifier, a capacitor filter unit and a thyristor threshold trigger circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the permanent magnet assembly are respectively connected to independent lead interfaces; the piezoelectric path signal first enters the bridge rectifier, and is input into the thyristor threshold trigger circuit after filtering; the magnetoelectric path signal is connected to the energy storage unit after passing through the bridge rectifier, the capacitor filter unit and the thyristor threshold trigger circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the permanent magnet assembly are respectively connected to two parallel collection circuits; the electrical energy of each path is first stored in a capacitor module. When the voltage across the capacitor module rises to a certain threshold, it is triggered by the thyristor threshold trigger circuit to charge the subsequent multi-cell battery pack, forming an intermittent energy release mechanism.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) Path orthogonal decoupling design to achieve dual independent acquisition paths for structure and energy

[0021] This invention structurally arranges piezoelectric and magnetoelectric paths in orthogonal directions. Through a horizontally arranged piezoelectric cantilever beam and a vertically oriented mass-permanent magnet-coil system, high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration energy and low-frequency, high-amplitude vibration energy are harvested separately. This layout avoids the response interference and spatial conflicts encountered in traditional composite energy-harvesting structures, achieving complete decoupling of mechanical behavior and energy transmission between the paths.

[0022] (2) Improve energy conversion efficiency based on the coupling response mechanism driven by the mass block inertia

[0023] The inertial motion of the mass under the excitation of the main structure simultaneously triggers the strain response of the piezoelectric beam and the magnetic flux cutting of the magnet within the coil, allowing two energy harvesting paths to be driven by the same input excitation but achieve independent outputs. This inertial drive method not only enhances energy response sensitivity but also achieves broadband response matching in the frequency domain.

[0024] (3) Full decoupling and energy integration strategy at the circuit level, stable and reliable output

[0025] The device incorporates two independent rectification-filtering-energy storage circuits, each processing piezoelectric and magnetoelectric signals without interfering with the other. Through a thyristor threshold trigger mechanism, discharge occurs when the capacitor voltage reaches a set threshold (typically 3-5V), enabling efficient energy storage and stable output with minimal energy input. This effectively overcomes bottlenecks such as voltage interference and circuit instability in existing systems. This circuit structure ensures reliable energy supply for subsequent low-power electronic modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 A typical structural diagram of a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the structure of a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 3 A front view of the structure of a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 4 A circuit schematic diagram of a multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0032] The closest existing technology to the present invention is the piezoelectric-magnetoelectric composite vibration energy harvester, which integrates piezoelectric materials and electromagnetic components into the same system to achieve a superposition response of multiple energy conversion mechanisms. Although this type of device has improved the diversity of energy acquisition in the system to a certain extent, it still has significant deficiencies in structural layout, functional coordination, and engineering adaptability:

[0033] (1) The energy harvesting mechanism is single or the combination is simple. Although some devices have introduced two or more energy harvesting principles, most of them are still based on the additional design of the main path as the main and the auxiliary path as the auxiliary. There is a lack of dynamic coordination and comprehensive response mechanism between multiple paths, and the systematic improvement of energy harvesting efficiency has not been achieved;

[0034] (2) The path layout direction and response form are not fully optimized. In existing devices, the piezoelectric beam and magnetoelectric components are often arranged in series in a collinear manner, lacking functional partitioning and collaborative design. This results in insufficient adaptability of the system to excitations of different frequencies and amplitudes, and fails to maximize the conversion potential of each path.

[0035] (3) Low system integration and complex and bulky structure. Traditional composite devices are large in size, with loose component connections and cumbersome wiring, making it difficult to effectively deploy them within the limited space of engineering structures such as bridges, wind towers, and floor nodes.

[0036] (4) The circuit output channel is significantly coupled, affecting stability. The electrical signal extraction of different energy collection paths has not been effectively decoupled and matched, resulting in voltage interference, filtering difficulties, power fluctuations and other problems, affecting the long-term stability of the system.

[0037] To overcome these challenges, the present invention proposes a multipath vibration energy harvester with a compact structure, orthogonal paths, complementary response mechanisms, and independent and stable output signals. This device breaks away from the previous approach of primarily using a single path and supplementing multiple mechanisms, employing an overall optimized design for energy harvesting using a dual-path coupling mechanism of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric energy harvesting, with independent responses.

[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown in FIG, the multi-path vibration energy harvesting device mainly comprises: (1) device housing, (2) piezoelectric energy harvester, (21) piezoelectric material layer, (22) transverse metal cantilever beam, (3) mass block, (4) magnetoelectric energy harvester, (41) permanent magnet, (42) fixed induction coil, (5) load circuit, (51) piezoelectric load circuit, (52) magnetoelectric load circuit, (6) anchoring assembly, and (7) cable structure.

[0039] Figure 1 is a typical layout diagram of this device, and Figure 2 is a specific embodiment. In the specific embodiment, the shell structure is a cylindrical structure, and the piezoelectric cantilever, mass block, magnetoelectric coil, etc. are appropriately adjusted and supplemented based on the actual structure. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the intermediate cable structure is the main structure of the vibration source, which is connected to the cylindrical vibration energy harvester through an anchoring assembly. The device housing (1) is integrally formed of aluminum alloy, and a transverse piezoelectric energy harvester (2) with one end fixed is installed inside. The free end is connected to a mass block (3), and a magnetoelectric energy harvester (4) is installed below the mass block (3). A magnetic induction coil (42) is set at the bottom of the housing (1) to form a magnetic flux path. The piezoelectric beam and the magnetoelectric assembly are respectively connected to independent circuit channels (51) and (52).

[0040] See also Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a housing 1, a piezoelectric energy harvester 2, an annular mass 3, a magnetoelectric energy harvester 4, a rectifier load circuit assembly 5, an anchor assembly 6, and a cable structure 7. The annular mass 3 is housed within the housing 1 and can vibrate freely along the vibration direction of the cable structure 7. The piezoelectric energy harvesters 2 are symmetrically arranged on the annular mass 3 perpendicular to the direction of motion, while the magnetoelectric energy harvesters 4 are arranged parallel to the direction of motion. The housing 1 and the cable structure 7 are connected via the anchor assembly 6.

[0041] Preferably, an annular mass 3 is positioned within the housing 1, allowing it to vibrate freely along the direction of motion of the cable structure 7. Piezoelectric harvesters 2 are symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the direction of motion of the mass 3, with magnetoelectric harvesters 4 positioned on either side of it, enabling the coordinated operation of two orthogonal energy harvesting paths. The housing 1 is secured to the structural system, such as a bridge cable, tower node, or other vibration-sensitive location, via anchoring assemblies 6.

[0042] Preferably, the housing 1 is constructed of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, precision-machined by CNC, offering both high structural strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Preferably, the piezoelectric cantilever beam is installed transversely within the housing, with its fixed end connected to the housing sidewall via high-strength screws and its free end connected to a proof mass. The cantilever beam base is constructed of spring steel sheet, with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet or polymer-based composite piezoelectric material adhered to the upper surface. Silver electrodes are applied at both ends and lead out via wires.

[0043] Preferably, the piezoelectric energy harvester 2 comprises two symmetrically arranged piezoelectric cantilever beams, mounted transversely within the housing. One end is secured to the housing sidewall via a high-strength screw, and the other end is bolted to the mass block 3. The cantilever beam 22 is constructed from a highly elastic metal substrate (such as 65Mn spring steel), with a PZT ceramic sheet or PVDF composite piezoelectric material 21 bonded to its upper surface. The electrode layer is screen-printed with silver paste, with flexible conductors extending from each end and connected to independent circuit interfaces.

[0044] Preferably, the mass block 3 is made of Q235 structural steel and is shaped like a ring-shaped rectangular structure. The overall mass and stiffness design meet the system tuning frequency requirements. A rectangular slot is provided at the bottom of the mass block for embedding the NdFeB permanent magnet 41, which is fixed by a non-magnetic clamping structure.

[0045] Preferably, the magnetoelectric energy harvester 4 comprises a permanent magnet 41 positioned beneath the mass 3 and an induction coil 42 mounted at the bottom of the housing. The permanent magnet is an NdFeB magnet with a magnetic flux density of approximately 1.2T. The coil 42 is a multi-turn solenoid wound with enameled copper wire, fixed to the bottom of the housing and supported by a nylon frame. As the mass vibrates, the permanent magnet generates periodic magnetic flux variations in the induction coil, inducing an AC voltage.

[0046] Preferably, the magnetic induction coil is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shell facing the movement path of the quasi-permanent magnet, is wound with enameled copper wire, the coil is wound into multiple gates, and the coil frame is injection-molded with insulating nylon.

[0047] Preferably, the piezoelectric output and magnetoelectric output are connected to independent lead interfaces. The piezoelectric path signal first enters the bridge rectifier, and after being processed by the filter capacitor, when the voltage accumulates to the threshold, it is turned on through the controllable unipolar thyristor, releasing the energy to the energy storage unit. The magnetoelectric path also adopts the same structure. After the signal passes through the bridge rectifier and filter capacitor, it is controlled by the corresponding controllable unipolar thyristor and outputs energy to the energy storage unit. The two circuit paths are physically completely isolated and have good decoupling performance, which can effectively avoid signal interference and improve output stability and system energy efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown, both the piezoelectric and magnetoelectric paths are connected to two parallel collection circuits. The energy from each path is first stored in a capacitor module. When the voltage across the capacitor reaches a certain threshold, a controllable unipolar thyristor is triggered to charge the subsequent multi-cell battery pack, forming an intermittent energy release mechanism. The system ultimately outputs a stable DC voltage to power wireless sensor nodes, microcontrollers, and other devices.

[0049] All functional components in this embodiment utilize a modular design, facilitating installation, maintenance, parameter adjustment, and structural replacement. This device is suitable for engineering environments with a wide frequency distribution and complex vibration excitation, particularly for monitoring bridge cable tension and tower wind-induced vibration. The materials, structural dimensions, magnet parameters, piezoelectric constants, and circuit topology can all be optimized and adjusted based on specific project requirements.

[0050] The above describes the structure of the energy harvesting device of the present invention. The following describes in detail the function of each part of the energy harvesting device:

[0051] The present invention provides a multi-path vibration energy harvester. The device is enclosed in a rigid housing and achieves efficient energy conversion of vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes through orthogonal structural arrangement and path coupling. The device primarily comprises the following components:

[0052] (1) Closed housing assembly 1

[0053] The housing is integrally formed from aluminum alloy or engineering plastic composite materials, offering excellent sealing and resistance to corrosion, dust, and water. The housing incorporates transverse ribs and a mounting base for mounting functional units such as the piezoelectric energy harvester, induction coil, and circuit components.

[0054] (2) Piezoelectric energy harvester component 2

[0055] The piezoelectric component consists of two symmetrically arranged piezoelectric cantilever beams, one end bolted to the inner wall of the housing and the other end connected to a mass block. The piezoelectric beams are constructed from spring steel, with a piezoelectric ceramic or polymer film adhered to the top surface. Silver electrodes are applied at both ends and connected to independent circuits via wires. This component responds to high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, generating a stable alternating charge and rectifying the output.

[0056] (3) Mass block component 3

[0057] The mass block is located in the center of the housing. It can be a monolithic or modular structure, made of Q235 structural steel or a high-density alloy. Its ends are connected to the piezoelectric beams and its lower portion is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet assembly. The motion of the mass block creates an inertial response, which drives the two energy harvesting mechanisms to work together.

[0058] (4) Magnetic energy harvester assembly 4

[0059] The magnetoelectric path is formed by a permanent magnet fixed beneath the mass and an induction coil mounted at the bottom of the housing. The permanent magnet is preferably made of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) steel, with a magnetic flux density of up to 1.2 T. The induction coil, wound with multiple turns of enameled copper wire, is mounted on a non-magnetic bobbin and secured in a slot in the housing. The up-and-down motion of the mass cuts through the magnetic flux, generating an alternating electromotive force (EMF), enabling the collection of low-frequency, wide-amplitude vibration energy.

[0060] (5) Independent rectifier and load circuit module 5

[0061] The piezoelectric and magnetoelectric paths are each connected to an independent rectification circuit module, including a bridge rectifier, capacitor filter, and thyristor threshold trigger circuit. This outputs a stable DC signal for use with wireless sensors, microcontrollers, or energy storage batteries. The circuit design considers energy path decoupling and signal isolation, ensuring that the two paths operate simultaneously without interference, thereby improving overall energy conversion efficiency.

[0062] Working principle:

[0063] Under the action of structural vibration, the device responds synchronously with the main structure, and the mass block produces reciprocating motion under the action of vertical inertia:

[0064] On the one hand, the vertical inertia of the mass block drives the connected piezoelectric cantilever beam to bend vertically, and the strain induces the piezoelectric layer to generate alternating charges, forming a voltage signal;

[0065] On the other hand, the permanent magnet at the bottom of the mass moves through the fixed coil area, forming a magnetic flux change and generating an induced electromotive force, which forms a stable output voltage after rectification;

[0066] In addition, the metal cantilever beam plays a role in regulating the stiffness of the vibration system. It presents nonlinear stiffness characteristics through vertical bending deformation, realizing a wide-band tuning function between it and the main structure.

[0067] The present invention achieves the decoupling of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric paths in mechanical structure and electrical signal output through the orthogonal design of the structural layout, without interfering with each other. At the same time, the complementary frequency responses of the two mechanisms are utilized to achieve joint energy conversion under low-frequency high-amplitude and high-frequency micro-amplitude excitation. This device forms a closed-loop energy mechanism for self-energy collection during the structural vibration process, which has both low-frequency and high-frequency energy collection functions, and realizes frequency adaptive response characteristics through the geometric flexibility of the cantilever beam. The piezoelectric, magnetoelectric-inertial mass electromechanical coupling system satisfies the following electromechanical coupling balance relationship and circuit balance relationship:

[0068]

[0069] Where EI is the equivalent bending stiffness of the piezoelectric beam; ρ is the cantilever beam material density; A is the cantilever beam cross-sectional area; w(L, t) is the displacement of the beam end; L is the piezoelectric cantilever beam length at time t; Cs is the piezoelectric beam damping; m is the mass of the proof mass; Cm is the electromagnetic damping; θ is the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the piezoelectric circuit; Cp is the piezoelectric path capacitance; V out1 is the piezoelectric output voltage; R PL is the load impedance of the piezoelectric circuit; ke is the transconductance factor of the magnetoelectric circuit; Q is the charge of the magnetoelectric circuit. Equation (1) shows the electromechanical coupling relationship of the orthogonal piezoelectric and magnetoelectric energy harvesting electromechanical coupling system. In this coupling system, the vibration energy is transmitted through the piezoelectric material with a piezoelectric coupling coefficient θ and the magnetoelectric equivalent damping c m The permanent magnet magnetoelectric system is coupled with the mass block vibration and converted into electrical energy; the vibration frequency of the mass block can be tuned and resonated with the vibrating main structure by adjusting the bending stiffness EI of the piezoelectric cantilever beam; Equations (2) and (3) respectively show the balance relationship between the piezoelectric circuit and the magnetoelectric circuit.

[0070] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0071] (1) Path orthogonal decoupling design to achieve dual independent acquisition paths for structure and energy

[0072] This invention structurally arranges piezoelectric and magnetoelectric paths in orthogonal directions. Through a horizontally arranged piezoelectric cantilever beam and a vertically oriented mass-permanent magnet-coil system, high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration energy and low-frequency, high-amplitude vibration energy are harvested separately. This layout avoids the response interference and spatial conflicts encountered in traditional composite energy-harvesting structures, achieving complete decoupling of mechanical behavior and energy transmission between the paths.

[0073] (2) Improve energy conversion efficiency based on the coupling response mechanism driven by the mass block inertia

[0074] The inertial motion of the mass under the excitation of the main structure simultaneously triggers the strain response of the piezoelectric beam and the magnetic flux cutting of the magnet within the coil, allowing two energy harvesting paths to be driven by the same input excitation but achieve independent outputs. This inertial drive method not only enhances energy response sensitivity but also achieves broadband response matching in the frequency domain.

[0075] (3) Full decoupling and energy integration strategy at the circuit level, stable and reliable output

[0076] The device incorporates two independent rectification-filtering-energy storage circuits, processing piezoelectric and magnetoelectric signals independently without interfering with each other. Through the thyristor-capacitor discharge mechanism, it achieves periodic energy storage and stable output even with minimal energy input, effectively overcoming bottlenecks such as voltage interference and circuit instability in existing systems. This circuit structure ensures reliable energy supply for subsequent low-power electronic modules.

[0077] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be readily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed herein are intended to be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-path vibration energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: Mass, which can produce relative motion under the action of excitation; Piezoelectric cantilever beams are arranged on both sides of the mass block and are used to respond to high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration energy; The permanent magnet assembly is fixed in the direction of motion of the mass block to achieve magneto-electric energy conversion; Two sets of independent rectification and load circuit modules are respectively connected to the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the permanent magnet assembly in a one-to-one correspondence to achieve energy decoupling output.

2. A multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration energy harvesting device further includes a shell, and the piezoelectric cantilever beam is transversely installed and fixed in the shell.

3. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The permanent magnet assembly includes a permanent magnet and an induction coil. The permanent magnet is fixed to the lower surface of the mass block, the induction coil is fixed to the bottom of the housing, and the permanent magnet is partially inserted into the induction coil.

4. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric cantilever beam is made of a highly elastic metal material, and a piezoelectric material layer is covered on the upper surface. Silver electrodes are laid on both ends of the piezoelectric cantilever beam and are led out through wires.

5. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The permanent magnet is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. A slot is provided at the bottom of the mass block for embedding the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and fixing it through a non-magnetic clamping structure.

6. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier and load circuit module connected to the piezoelectric cantilever beam includes a bridge rectifier, a capacitor filter unit and a thyristor threshold trigger circuit. The rectifier and load circuit module connected to the permanent magnet assembly also includes a bridge rectifier, a capacitor filter unit and a thyristor threshold trigger circuit. The output ends of the two sets of independent rectifier and load circuit modules are both connected to the energy storage unit.

7. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The piezoelectric cantilever beam and the permanent magnet assembly are respectively connected to independent lead interfaces; the piezoelectric path signal enters the bridge rectifier, and after being processed by the capacitor filter unit, when the voltage accumulates to the threshold, it is turned on through the thyristor threshold trigger circuit, and the energy is released to the energy storage unit; after the magnetoelectric path signal passes through the bridge rectifier and the capacitor filter unit, it is controlled by the corresponding thyristor threshold trigger circuit and outputs energy to the energy storage unit.

8. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is connected to the shell side wall of the shell through a high-strength screw, and the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is connected to the mass block.

9. The multi-path vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The permanent magnet is made of NdFeB magnet with a magnetic flux density of about 1.2T. The induction coil is made of enameled copper wire wound into a multi-turn solenoid, fixedly installed on the bottom of the shell and supported by a nylon frame.

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