Gear shaping machine and hard tooth surface gear machining method
By designing a collection roller and filter chamber structure in the gear shaping machine, the problem of debris entering the coolant circulation pump is solved, the purity of the coolant and the normal operation of the circulation system are achieved, the service life of the circulation pump is extended, and the stability and precision of the processing are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510676177.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
During the gear shaping process, the chips generated during the cutting process can easily enter the coolant circulation pump, resulting in a decrease in the coolant circulation effect and damage to the circulation pump, affecting the processing quality and efficiency.
A gear shaping machine is designed, which adopts a collection roller and filter chamber structure. When the opening of the collection roller is connected to the collection tank, debris and coolant are introduced into the filter chamber. The first filter screen filter chamber intercepts the debris, and the compression component and the reset component ensure the effective squeezing and collection of the debris, thereby preventing the debris from entering the circulation system.
It effectively prevents debris from entering the circulation system, maintains the purity of the coolant, extends the service life of the circulation pump, and ensures the stability and accuracy of the machining process.
Smart Images
Figure CN120662883A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a gear shaping machine and a method for processing hardened gears. Background Art
[0002] Gear shaping machines play a key role in the machining of hardened gears. Hardened gears typically require high hardness and wear resistance, making machining more challenging. Gear shaping machines require rigid, high-precision machine tools to ensure stability and accuracy during machining. Furthermore, the selection of shaping cutters and the setting of cutting parameters are crucial, directly impacting machining efficiency and quality.
[0003] However, the use and circulation of coolant during gear shaping machines also presents a potential problem. Coolant is widely used in gear shaping machines to lower temperatures and reduce friction during the cutting process. However, when coolant is reused, debris generated during the cutting process can enter the circulation pump. This debris not only affects the coolant's circulation efficiency but can also damage the pump, reducing its service life. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to reduce the situation where debris enters the circulation pump, the present application provides a gear shaping machine and a hardened gear processing method.
[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a gear shaping machine adopting the following technical solution: A gear shaping machine comprises a machine base, a worktable, a cooling mechanism, a cutting mechanism, and a circulation mechanism. The machine base is provided with a cooling trough, the worktable is mounted in the cooling trough, and the cooling mechanism is used to spray coolant onto the cutting portion of the workpiece. The cooling trough is provided with a collecting trough, a collecting roller is rotatably mounted in the collecting trough, and the machine base is provided with a first driving member for driving the collecting roller to rotate. The collecting roller has a filter chamber inside, and an inner wall on one side of the filter chamber is provided with an opening for communicating with the collecting tank; a through hole is provided on one side of the filter chamber, and a first filter screen is provided in the through hole; the machine base has a circulation tank connected to the through hole, and the circulation mechanism is used to draw the coolant in the cooling tank back to the cooling mechanism.
[0006] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the collection roller is configured so that chips and coolant can simultaneously enter the filter chamber when the opening of the collection roller is connected to the upper end of the collection tank. The coolant can then flow into the circulation tank through the through-hole with the first filter at one end of the collection roller. The filter chamber within the collection roller effectively intercepts chips generated during the cutting process. This design ensures that chips do not enter the circulation mechanism along with the coolant, ensuring the purity of the coolant and the normal operation of the circulation system, while also extending the service life of the circulation mechanism.
[0007] When the opening of the collecting roller rotates to the lower end of the collecting trough, the debris in the filter chamber can be smoothly dumped into the collecting trough, thereby realizing the centralized collection of the debris, effectively reducing the impact of the debris on the cooling system, extending the service life of the circulating pump and ensuring the circulation effect of the coolant.
[0008] Optionally, a plurality of partition plates are provided in the filter cavity, all of which are spaced apart along the axis of the filter roller, and the partition plates are provided with filter holes.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the partition plate can effectively disperse the distribution of debris in the filter chamber, avoid the accumulation of debris on one side of the first filter, thereby reducing the probability of clogging of the first filter and improving the filtration efficiency and circulation smoothness of the coolant.
[0010] Optionally, the partition plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the filter chamber, and a reset assembly is provided between two adjacent partition plates, and the reset assembly is used to drive the two adjacent partition plates away from each other; the collecting roller is provided with a compression assembly, and the compression assembly is used to drive all partition plates to move toward the end of the filter roller.
[0011] By employing this technical solution, the compression assembly effectively squeezes the debris between the partitions, allowing the coolant in the debris to be fully squeezed out and flow into the circulation tank, thereby improving coolant collection efficiency. The reset assembly ensures that the partitions return to their original position after squeezing, directing the debris to the bottom of the collection tank for further collection and processing, further improving the overall operating efficiency and reliability of the device.
[0012] Optionally, the compression assembly includes a guide rod, a pull rod and a compression plate, the guide rod is fixed to the inner wall of the circulation groove, and the extension direction of the guide rod is in the same direction as the extension direction of the collection roller; all the partition plates are provided with movable holes, and the pull rod is passed through the movable holes of all the partition plates; one end of the pull rod is fixed to the compression plate, and the other end of the pull rod is slidably connected to the guide rod; The guide rod is provided with a first guide groove, a second guide groove and a third guide groove which are connected in sequence. The end of the third guide groove away from the second guide groove is connected to the first guide groove. The pull rod is slidably connected to the first guide groove through a slider. When the slider is located in the first guide groove, the compression plate abuts against the inner wall of the end of the filter chamber away from the through hole. When the slider is located in the second guide groove, the compression plate moves toward one side of the through hole. When the slider is located in the third guide groove, the compression plate moves toward the side away from the through hole.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the compression assembly can effectively control the movement of the partition plate, thereby compressing and cleaning the debris in the filter chamber. The coordinated design of the guide rod and the pull rod allows the position of the compression plate to be precisely adjusted by moving the slider within the different guide grooves.
[0014] When the slider is in the first guide groove, the compression plate remains stationary, ensuring the initial stability of the partition plate. When the slider moves into the second guide groove, the compression plate moves toward the through-hole, pushing the partition plates closer together and compressing the debris in the filter cavity. When the slider enters the third guide groove, the compression plate retracts, facilitating the release of compressed debris or subsequent processing. This design not only improves the cleaning efficiency of the coolant circulation system and extends the service life of the circulation pump, but also ensures the stability and precision of the gear shaping machine process.
[0015] Optionally, the reset assembly includes a bellows and a first spring, the bellows is sleeved on the outer wall of the first spring, and the ends of the bellows and the first spring are connected to the partition plate.
[0016] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, the bellows and first spring in the reset assembly effectively ensure the stable reset of the partition plates under the action of the compression assembly. The bellows design not only provides excellent sealing performance but also works in conjunction with the first spring to enhance the elastic support force between the partition plates. This design ensures smoother movement of the partition plates, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of debris separation within the filter chamber.
[0017] Optionally, a scraper is slidably installed in the cooling trough, and the machine base is provided with a second driving member for driving the scraper to slide, and the scraper is used to scrape the debris into the collection trough.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the scraper can effectively collect the debris generated during the cutting process into the collection tank, avoiding the situation where the debris remains in the cooling tank.
[0019] Optionally, a semi-annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the collecting roller, and a protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the semi-annular groove; the machine base is provided with a telescopic groove for communicating with the semi-annular groove, a compression rod is provided in the telescopic groove, and a hemispherical head is provided on the end of the compression rod away from the telescopic groove; a second spring is provided between the telescopic groove and the compression rod, and the elastic force of the second spring is used to drive the hemispherical head to abut against the outer wall of the collecting roller under normal conditions.
[0020] By employing this technical solution, the hemispherical head, under the action of the second spring's elastic force, can be embedded one by one in the area between two adjacent protrusions. When the hemispherical head is compressed, the spring recovers its deformation, and the hemispherical head quickly inserts into the semi-annular groove. This process produces a slight tapping effect on the collection roller. This tapping effectively vibrates the collection roller, shaking off debris adhering to the collection roller to the bottom of the collection trough, ensuring more thorough debris removal.
[0021] Optionally, the cutting mechanism includes a cutting knife, a movable rod and a third driving member, the third driving member is installed on the machine base and connected to the movable rod, the cutting knife is installed on the movable rod, and the third driving member is used to drive the cutting knife to move toward one side of the workbench.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the movable rod and the third driving member can accurately control the moving direction and position of the cutting knife, ensuring that the cutting knife accurately acts on the cutting part of the workpiece, thereby improving processing accuracy and efficiency.
[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for machining a hardened gear, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Workpiece clamping, fix the hardened gear blank on the workbench (12), and ensure that the workpiece is perpendicular to the motion trajectory of the cutting mechanism (2); S2 The cooling mechanism (3) and the circulation mechanism (4) are started, the cooling mechanism (3) is turned on to spray the coolant to the workpiece to be cut; at the same time, the circulation mechanism (4) is turned on to pump the coolant in the circulation tank (15) back into the cooling mechanism (3); S3 tooth surface preliminary processing, start the cutting mechanism (2), and preliminarily process the tooth shape on the workpiece; the debris generated by the workpiece enters the filter chamber (61) for filtration, the coolant enters the circulation tank (15), and the debris enters the bottom of the collection tank (14); S4 heat treatment, which improves the tooth surface hardness of the workpiece by carburizing and quenching; S5 tooth surface finishing, high-precision grinding of heat-treated workpieces by tooth grinding; S6 forms hard-faced gears.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece can be formed into a hard surface gear through rough processing, heat treatment and fine processing of the gear shaping machine, and the debris generated during the processing can be filtered in the filter chamber, thereby improving the use efficiency of the coolant and preventing the debris from clogging its conveying pipeline.
[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The collection roller is configured so that chips and coolant can simultaneously enter the filter chamber when the opening of the collection roller is connected to the upper end of the collection tank. The coolant can then flow into the circulation tank through the through-hole with the first filter screen at one end of the collection roller. The filter chamber in the collection roller can effectively intercept the chips generated during the cutting process. This design ensures that the chips will not enter the circulation mechanism along with the coolant, ensuring the purity of the coolant and the normal operation of the circulation system. When the opening of the collection roller rotates to the lower end of the collection tank, the chips in the filter chamber can be smoothly dumped into the collection tank, thereby achieving centralized collection of chips. 2. The compression component can effectively squeeze the debris between the partition plates, so that the coolant in the debris is fully squeezed out and flows into the circulation tank, thereby improving the coolant collection efficiency; the reset component can ensure that the partition plates return to their original position after squeezing, so as to facilitate the detritus to be diverted to the bottom of the collection tank, so that the debris can be collected and processed again, further improving the overall working efficiency and reliability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of Example 1, mainly showing the cutting mechanism; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 from another angle, mainly showing the cooling mechanism; Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of Example 1; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point a; Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the filter roller of Example 1; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the filter roller of Example 2.
[0027] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Machine base; 11. Cooling trough; 12. Workbench; 13. Mesh adsorption pad; 14. Collecting trough; 141. First collecting trough; 142. Second collecting trough; 143. Connecting trough; 15. Circulation trough; 16. Baffle; 17. Third motor; 18. First driving member; 19. Telescopic slot; 2. Cutting mechanism; 21. Cutting blade; 22. Movable rod; 23. Guide sleeve; 24. Rotating disk; 25. Rotating shaft; 27. Second motor; 28. Rotating rod; 3. Cooling mechanism; 31. Cooling box; 32. Water pump; 33. Cooling pipe; 4. Circulation mechanism; 41. Circulation pump; 42. First First tube; 43, second tube; 5, scraper; 51, second driving member; 52, first gear; 53, second gear; 54, fourth motor; 6, collecting roller; 61, filter chamber; 62, opening; 63, through hole; 64, first filter screen; 65, partition plate; 66, filter hole; 67, movable hole; 68, semi-annular groove; 69, bump; 7, reset assembly; 71, first spring; 72, bellows; 8, compression assembly; 81, guide rod; 82, pull rod; 83, compression plate; 84, first guide groove; 85, second guide groove; 86, third guide groove; 9, compression rod; 91, hemispherical head; 92, second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.
[0029] Example 1: The embodiment of the present application discloses a gear shaping machine.
[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A gear shaping machine includes a machine base 1, a worktable 12, a cutting mechanism 2, a cooling mechanism 3 and a circulation mechanism 4. The machine base 1 is provided with a cooling groove 11, the worktable 12 is installed in the cooling groove 11, and an annular groove is formed between the outer wall of the worktable 12 and the inner wall of the cooling groove 11; the workpiece is installed on the worktable 12, the cutting mechanism 2 is used to cut the workpiece, the cooling mechanism 3 is used to spray coolant to the cutting part of the workpiece, and the circulation mechanism 4 is used to guide the coolant in the cooling groove 11 to the cooling mechanism 3.
[0031] Reference Figure 1 The cutting mechanism 2 includes a cutting blade 21, a movable rod 22, a third driving member and a guide sleeve 23. In this embodiment, the third driving member is configured as a first motor installed on the machine base 1; the output shaft of the first motor is installed with a rotating disk 24, and the rotating disk 24 is provided with a rotating shaft 25, and the rotating shaft 25 is eccentrically arranged with the rotating disk 24; the movable rod 22 is connected to the rotating shaft 25 through a rotating rod 28; the guide sleeve 23 is fixed to the machine base 1, and the end of the movable rod 22 away from the rotating shaft 25 is passed through the movable sleeve and connected to the cutting blade 21.
[0032] The cooperation between the movable rod 22 and the first motor can control the cutting blade 21 to move up and down, ensuring that the cutting blade 21 accurately acts on the cutting position of the workpiece, thereby improving the processing accuracy and efficiency.
[0033] In this embodiment, a second motor 27 is provided between the movable rod 22 and the cutting blade 21 . The second motor 27 is used to drive the cutting blade 21 to rotate, thereby reducing the possibility of local wear of the cutting blade 21 .
[0034] Reference Figure 2 The cooling mechanism 3 includes a cooling box 31, a water pump 32 and a cooling pipe 33. The cooling box 31 is installed on the machine base 1 for storing coolant; the two ends of the water pump 32 are respectively connected to the cooling pipe 33 and the cooling box 31, and the water pump 32 is used to pump the coolant in the cooling box 31 into the cooling pipe 33; the water outlet of the cooling pipe 33 is arranged opposite to the cutting position of the workpiece.
[0035] Reference Figure 3 The base 1 is provided with a baffle 16, which is enclosed by the outer wall of the cooling tank 11. The setting of the baffle 16 can prevent the coolant from spilling out of the base 1 and keep the environment clean.
[0036] Reference Figure 3 The workbench 12 is rotatably installed in the cooling tank 11, and the machine base 1 is provided with a third motor 17 for driving the workbench 12 to rotate; in this embodiment, a negative pressure groove is opened on the upper surface of the workbench 12, and the surface of the negative pressure groove is covered with a negative pressure groove, the machine base 1 is provided with an exhaust fan, and the air suction port of the exhaust fan is connected to the negative pressure groove; the surface of the workbench 12 is covered with a mesh adsorption pad 13.
[0037] When adsorbing the workpiece, the workpiece is placed on the surface of the mesh adsorption pad 13, and the area of the mesh adsorption pad 13 is smaller than the surface area of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can cover the surface of the mesh adsorption pad 13; at this time, the exhaust fan is used to form a negative pressure in the negative pressure groove to make the workpiece fit firmly, reduce the movement of the workpiece during the cutting process, and reduce the possibility of damage to the workpiece surface.
[0038] In this embodiment, the workbench 12 is provided with a vertical correction sensor, which can monitor the verticality deviation between the workpiece plane and the motion trajectory of the cutting mechanism 2 in real time to reduce the scrap rate of the workpiece processing.
[0039] Reference Figure 3A collecting groove 14 is provided on the bottom wall of the cooling groove 11, and the coolant and debris flow into the collecting groove 14; a scraper 5 is rotatably installed in the cooling groove 11; and the machine base 1 is provided with a second driving member 51 for the scraper 5 to rotate in the cooling groove 11. In this embodiment, the second driving member 51 includes a first gear 52, a second gear 53 and a fourth motor 54. A rotating ring groove is provided on the side of the cooling groove 11 away from the workbench 12, and the first gear 52 is rotatably installed in the rotating ring groove. The scraper 5 is connected to the first gear 52 and is located in the cooling groove 11, and the end of the scraper 5 away from the first gear 52 is in contact with the outer wall of the workbench 12.
[0040] The second gear 53 is provided on the machine base 1 and meshes with the first gear 52. The second motor 27 is used to drive the second gear 53 to rotate; the first gear 52 can be driven to rotate by the fourth motor 54, so that the scraper 5 can rotate in the cooling trough 11 and scrape the coolant and debris in the cooling trough 11 into the collection trough 14 to facilitate the collection of the coolant and debris.
[0041] Reference Figure 4 The collecting tank 14 includes a first collecting tank 141, a connecting tank 143 and a second collecting tank 142 which are connected in sequence. The first collecting tank 141 is connected to the bottom wall of the cooling tank 11. A collecting roller 6 is rotatably installed in the connecting tank 143. The outer wall of the collecting roller 6 abuts against the inner wall of the connecting tank 143, and the machine base 1 is provided with a first driving member 18 for driving the collecting roller 6 to rotate. In this embodiment, the first driving motor is set as the fifth motor.
[0042] Reference Figure 5 The collecting roller 6 has a filter chamber 61, and the filter chamber 61 is provided with an opening 62 for communicating with the first collecting tank 141. The opening 62 is provided so that the coolant and debris in the cooling tank 11 can be scraped into the filter chamber 61; a through hole 63 is provided at one end of the filter chamber 61, and a first filter screen 64 is provided in the through hole 63; the machine base 1 is provided with a circulation tank 15 connected with the through hole 63, and the circulation mechanism 4 is connected with the circulation tank 15.
[0043] Reference Figure 5 A plurality of partition plates 65 are slidably installed in the filter chamber 61, and a reset assembly 7 is provided between two adjacent partition plates 65. The reset assembly 7 is used to drive the two adjacent partition plates 65 to have a gap in the axial direction of the filter roller; the partition plates 65 are provided with filter holes 66 to facilitate the coolant to enter the circulation groove 15 through the filter holes 66, while the debris is retained between the two adjacent partition plates 65, thereby avoiding the situation where the debris is concentrated and accumulated on one side of the first filter screen 64.
[0044] In this embodiment, the reset assembly 7 includes a bellows 72 and a first spring 71. The two ends of the first spring 71 are respectively connected to the two adjacent partition plates 65. The elastic force of the first spring 71 is used to drive a gap between the two adjacent partition plates 65. The bellows 72 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first spring 71, and the two ends of the bellows 72 are respectively connected to the two adjacent partition plates 65. The setting of the bellows 72 can prevent debris from entering the first spring 71 to keep the first spring 71 able to be compressed normally.
[0045] Reference Figure 5 The collecting roller 6 is provided with a compression assembly 8, which is used to drive all the partition plates 65 to move toward one side of the first filter screen 64; in this embodiment, the compression assembly 8 includes a guide rod 81, a pull rod 82 and a compression plate 83, and the compression plate 83 is arranged in the filter chamber 61 and is used to abut against the side of the filter chamber 61 away from the through hole 63; all the partition plates 65 are provided with movable holes 67, one end of the guide rod 81 is fixed to the compression plate 83, and the other end of the guide rod 81 is sequentially passed through the movable holes 67 of all the partition plates 65 and the filter holes of the first filter screen 64 to enter the circulation groove 15.
[0046] Also refer to Figure 4 The pull rod 82 is fixed to the inner wall of the circulation groove 15 and is located on the side of the circulation groove 15 away from the through hole 63, and the axis of the pull rod 82 is coaxially arranged with the axis of the winding roller; the outer wall of the pull rod 82 is provided with a first guide groove 84, a second guide groove 85 and a third guide groove 86 which are connected in sequence, and the end of the first guide groove 84 away from the second guide groove 85 is connected to the end of the third guide groove 86 away from the second guide groove 85; a slider is slidably installed in the first guide groove 84, and the slider is connected to the end of the pull rod 82 away from the compression plate 83.
[0047] When the slider is located in the first guide groove 84, the compression plate 83 is in this state in contact with the inner wall of the filter chamber 61 away from the through hole 63 to keep the partition plate 65 stationary and ensure the initial state stability of the partition plate 65; when the slider is located in the second guide groove 85, the compression plate 83 moves toward one side of the through hole 63, pushing the partition plates 65 closer to each other, thereby compressing the debris in the filter chamber 61; when the slider enters the third guide groove 86, the compression plate 83 retreats to facilitate the release of the compressed debris or subsequent processing.
[0048] Reference Figure 2 The circulation mechanism 4 includes a circulation pump 41, a first tube 42 and a second tube 43. The two ends of the first tube 42 are respectively connected to the cooling box 31 and the water outlet of the circulation pump 41, and the two ends of the second tube 43 are respectively connected to the circulation tank 15 and the water inlet of the circulation pump 41; the setting of the circulation pump 41 can return the filtered coolant in the circulation tank 15 to the cooling tank 11 for reuse.
[0049] The implementation principle of Example 1 of the present application is: When the opening 62 of the collecting roller 6 is connected to the upper end of the collecting tank 14, the chips and coolant enter the filter chamber 61 at the same time, and the coolant can then flow into the circulation tank 15 through the through hole 63 with the first filter screen 64 at one end of the collecting roller 6. The filter chamber 61 in the collecting roller 6 can effectively intercept the chips generated during the cutting process; this design ensures that the chips will not enter the circulation mechanism 4 with the coolant, thereby ensuring the purity of the coolant and the normal operation of the circulation system, and at the same time extending the service life of the circulation mechanism 4.
[0050] In the process of canceling the connection between the opening 62 and the first collecting groove 141, the slider enters the second guide groove 85 from the first guide groove 84, and the compression assembly 8 can compress all the partition plates 65 and push the coolant in the filter chamber 61 into the circulation groove 15; and when the opening 62 gradually moves downward, the slider enters the first guide groove 84 from the second guide groove 85, and the compression plate 83 moves toward the side of the filter chamber 61 away from the through hole 63, and the two adjacent partition plates 65 are separated from each other under the elastic force of the reset assembly 7.
[0051] When the opening 62 of the collecting roller 6 rotates to be connected with the second collecting tank 142, the debris in the filter chamber 61 can be smoothly dumped into the collecting tank 14, thereby realizing the centralized collection of the debris, effectively reducing the impact of the debris on the cooling system, extending the service life of the circulating pump 41 and ensuring the circulation effect of the coolant.
[0052] Example 2: The embodiment of the present application discloses a gear shaping machine.
[0053] Reference Figure 6 The difference between Example 2 of the present application and Example 1 is that: a semi-annular groove 68 is provided on the outer wall of the collecting roller 6, and a plurality of protrusions 69 are integrally formed in the semi-annular groove 68, and there is a gap between two adjacent protrusions 69; a telescopic groove 19 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove 143 for communicating with the semi-annular groove 68, and a compression rod 9 is movably installed in the telescopic groove 19, and a hemispherical head 91 is provided at one end of the compression rod 9 close to the collecting roller 6; a second spring 92 is provided between the compression rod 9 and the telescopic groove 19, and the elastic force of the second spring 92 is used to drive the hemispherical head 91 to abut against the outer wall of the collecting roller 6 under normal conditions.
[0054] The implementation principle of Example 2 of this application is: Under the elastic force of the second spring 92, the hemispherical heads 91 are able to be inserted one by one into the area between two adjacent protrusions 69. After being compressed, the hemispherical heads 91 quickly insert into the semi-annular groove 68 as the spring recovers its deformation. This process causes a slight tapping effect on the collection roller 6. This tapping effectively vibrates the collection roller 6, shaking off debris adhering to the collection roller 6 to the bottom of the collection trough 14, ensuring more thorough debris removal.
[0055] The present application also discloses a method for machining a hardened tooth surface, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: Workpiece clamping: Place the hardened gear blank on the surface of the mesh adsorption pad 13 and ensure that the area of the mesh adsorption pad 13 is smaller than the surface area of the workpiece so that the workpiece can cover the surface of the mesh adsorption pad 13; and adjust the position of the workpiece so that the workpiece is perpendicular to the motion trajectory of the cutting mechanism 2.
[0056] S2 The cooling mechanism 3 and the circulation mechanism 4 are started. The cooling mechanism 3 is turned on to spray the coolant through the cooling pipe 33 to the workpiece to be cut. At the same time, the circulation mechanism is turned on to pump the coolant in the circulation tank 15 back into the cooling box 31 through the circulation pump 41.
[0057] S3: tooth surface preliminary processing, the third driving member is turned on, so that the cutting blade 21 moves under the guidance of the guide sleeve 23 and cuts the workpiece, so that the tooth shape is preliminarily processed on the workpiece; During the cutting process, the chips generated by the workpiece enter the filter chamber 61 for filtration, and the coolant enters the first filter screen 64 and enters the circulation tank 15. After the filter chamber 61 is full of chips, the collection roller 6 is rotated. At this time, the partition plate 65 squeezes the chips in the filter chamber 61 so that all the coolant in the filter chamber 61 can enter the circulation tank 15. After the opening 62 of the collection roller 6 is connected to the second collection tank 142, the chips fall into the second collection tank 142 for centralized collection. In S4 heat treatment, after the initial processing of the workpiece, the surface is cleaned (oil stains and oxide scale are removed); then the workpiece is placed in a carburizing furnace and heated to 900-930°C. Carburizing gas is introduced to diffuse carbon atoms to the surface; after carburizing, it is directly oil quenched to form high-carbon martensite on the surface of the workpiece; finally, the workpiece is tempered at low temperature to eliminate stress and maintain high hardness.
[0058] S5 tooth surface finishing, which is high-precision grinding of the heat-treated workpiece by means of tooth grinding; in this embodiment, coarse-grained, medium-grained, and fine-grained grinding wheels are used to grind the workpiece. Since the grinding wheels are conventional, they are not described in detail here; S6 forms hard-faced gears.
[0059] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A gear shaping machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a machine base (1), a workbench (12), a cooling mechanism (3), a cutting mechanism (2) and a circulation mechanism (4); the machine base (1) is provided with a cooling groove (11); the workbench (12) is installed in the cooling groove (11); the cooling mechanism (3) is used to spray coolant to the cutting part of the workpiece; the cooling groove (11) is provided with a collecting groove (14); a collecting roller (6) is rotatably installed in the collecting groove (14); the machine base (1) is provided with a first driving member (18) for driving the collecting roller (6) to rotate; The collecting roller (6) has a filter chamber (61) therein, and an opening (62) for communicating with the collecting tank (14) is provided on an inner wall of one side of the filter chamber (61); a through hole (63) is provided on one side of the filter chamber (61), and a first filter screen (64) is provided in the through hole (63); the machine base (1) has a circulation tank (15) connected to the through hole (63), and the circulation mechanism (4) is used to draw the coolant in the circulation tank (15) back to the cooling mechanism (3).
2. The gear shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of partition plates (65) are provided in the filter cavity (61), and all the partition plates (65) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the filter roller. The partition plates (65) are provided with filter holes (66).
3. The gear shaping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition plates (65) are slidably mounted on the inner wall of the filter chamber (61); a reset assembly (7) is provided between two adjacent partition plates (65); the reset assembly (7) is used to drive the two adjacent partition plates (65) away from each other; the collecting roller (6) is provided with a compression assembly (8); the compression assembly (8) is used to drive all the partition plates (65) to move toward the end of the filter roller.
4. The gear shaping machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compression assembly (8) includes a guide rod (81), a pull rod (82) and a compression plate (83); the guide rod (81) is fixed to the inner wall of the circulation groove (15), and the extension direction of the guide rod (81) is the same as the extension direction of the collection roller (6); all the partition plates (65) are provided with movable holes (67), and the pull rod (82) is passed through the movable holes (67) of all the partition plates (65); one end of the pull rod (82) is fixed to the compression plate (83), and the other end of the pull rod (82) is slidably connected to the guide rod (81); The guide rod (81) is provided with a first guide groove (84), a second guide groove (85) and a third guide groove (86) which are connected in sequence. The end of the third guide groove (86) away from the second guide groove (85) is connected to the first guide groove (84). The pull rod (82) is slidably connected to the first guide groove (84) through a slider. When the slider is located in the first guide groove (84), the compression plate (83) abuts against the inner wall of the end of the filter chamber (61) away from the through hole (63). When the slider is located in the second guide groove (85), the compression plate (83) moves toward one side of the through hole (63). When the slider is located in the third guide groove (86), the compression plate (83) moves toward the side away from the through hole (63).
5. The gear shaping machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset assembly (7) comprises a bellows (72) and a first spring (71), wherein the bellows (72) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first spring (71), and the ends of the bellows (72) and the first spring (71) are connected to the partition plate (65).
6. The gear shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scraper (5) is slidably installed in the cooling trough (11), and the machine base (1) is provided with a second driving member (51) for driving the scraper (5) to slide. The scraper (5) is used to scrape debris into the collection trough (14).
7. The gear shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the collecting roller (6) is provided with a semi-annular groove (68), and the inner wall of the semi-annular groove (68) is provided with a protrusion (69); the machine base (1) is provided with a telescopic groove (19) for communicating with the semi-annular groove (68), a compression rod (9) is provided in the telescopic groove (19), and a hemispherical head (91) is provided at one end of the compression rod (9) away from the telescopic groove (19); a second spring (92) is provided between the telescopic groove (19) and the compression rod (9), and the elastic force of the second spring (92) is used to drive the hemispherical head (91) to abut against the outer wall of the collecting roller (6) under normal conditions.
8. The gear shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (2) comprises a cutting blade (21), a movable rod (22) and a third driving member, wherein the third driving member is mounted on the machine base (1) and connected to the movable rod (22), the cutting blade (21) is mounted on the movable rod (22), and the third driving member is used to drive the cutting blade (21) to move toward one side of the workbench (12).
9. A method for machining a hardened gear according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1: Workpiece clamping, fix the hardened gear blank on the workbench (12), and ensure that the workpiece is perpendicular to the motion trajectory of the cutting mechanism (2); S2 The cooling mechanism (3) and the circulation mechanism (4) are started, the cooling mechanism (3) is turned on to spray the coolant to the workpiece to be cut; at the same time, the circulation mechanism (4) is turned on to pump the coolant in the circulation tank (15) back into the cooling mechanism (3); S3 tooth surface preliminary processing, start the cutting mechanism (2), and preliminarily process the tooth shape on the workpiece; the debris generated by the workpiece enters the filter chamber (61) for filtration, the coolant enters the circulation tank (15), and the debris enters the bottom of the collection tank (14); S4 heat treatment, which improves the tooth surface hardness of the workpiece by carburizing and quenching; S5 tooth surface finishing, high-precision grinding of heat-treated workpieces by tooth grinding; S6 forms hard-faced gears.