High-precision bearing base and machining method thereof
Through specific processing fixtures and side milling head angle conversion technology, the problem of difficulty in ensuring coaxiality in existing bearing base processing has been solved, and high-precision bearing base processing has been achieved to meet the precision and stability requirements of high-end mechanical equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510895316.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
Smart Images
Figure CN120662993A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a high-precision bearing base and a processing method thereof. Background Art
[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the bearing base is a welded blank, mainly used to install two traction rods with bearings. In actual applications, the coaxiality of the bearing holes at both ends of the bearing base is required to be extremely high. If the coaxiality does not meet the standard, it will affect the installation and operation of the bearings, and thus lead to reduced stability, precision and life of the entire mechanical system. To meet this requirement, the symmetrical processing of the bearing holes must be completed in one clamping.
[0003] However, the existing bearing base processing technology has obvious shortcomings. During the processing, it is limited by factors such as the precision of the processing equipment, the accuracy of the fixture positioning and the rationality of the processing technology. It is difficult to stably ensure the coaxiality of the bearing holes at both ends in one clamping. At the same time, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality are also difficult to reach the ideal state, resulting in low product processing accuracy. It cannot meet the high-precision and high-quality requirements of high-end mechanical equipment for bearing bases, becoming a major bottleneck restricting the performance improvement of related products. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision bearing base and a processing method thereof to overcome the problems existing in the prior art. The present invention can install the initial bearing base after annealing on a specific processing fixture only once, and complete the coaxial processing of all left-side bearing holes and right-side bearing holes by only changing the angle of the side milling head, thereby stably meeting the coaxiality accuracy requirements of the bearing holes at both ends, and thus meeting the high-precision and high-quality requirements of high-end mechanical equipment for bearing bases.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-precision bearing base, comprising a base plate, with a left plate and a right plate respectively mounted on both sides of the base plate, the left plate and the right plate coaxially having bearing holes, wherein the bearing hole on the left plate is a left bearing hole, and the bearing hole on the right plate is a right bearing hole, a plurality of first mounting holes are opened on the top of the left plate and the right plate, a second mounting hole is respectively opened on one side of the left plate and the right plate, the first mounting holes are connected to the second mounting holes for cooling, and a support beam is installed between the left plate and the right plate; The right side bearing hole includes a first hole located away from one end of the left side plate, a second hole located close to one end of the left side plate and a right side hole axis, and the first hole is connected to the second hole through the right side hole axis; the left side bearing hole includes a third hole located away from one end of the right side plate, a fourth hole located close to one end of the right side plate and a left side hole axis, and the third hole is connected to the fourth hole through the left side hole axis; a plurality of third mounting holes are circumferentially distributed outside the first hole and the third hole.
[0006] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing a high-precision bearing base, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the rough sizes of the bottom plate, left plate, right plate and support beam respectively; Step 2: Rough machining is performed on the bottom plate, left plate, right plate and support beam according to the blank size, and the support beam is subjected to first fine machining; Step 3: integrally weld the rough-machined bottom plate, the left and right plates, and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beams to obtain an initial bearing base, and anneal the initial bearing base; Step 4: The initial bearing base after annealing is subjected to second finishing by a machining fixture, wherein the machining fixture cooperates with a side milling head to machine the left bearing hole on the left plate and the right bearing hole on the right plate; Step 5: Processing the mounting holes on the initial bearing base after the second fine processing to obtain the bearing base; Furthermore, the blank length of the bottom plate is L6+2 mm allowance, the width is L3+4 mm allowance, and the thickness is L5+2 mm allowance; the blank length of the left and right plates is L2+4 mm allowance, the width is L3+4 mm allowance, and the thickness is L7+2 mm allowance; the blank length of the support beam is L6+2 mm allowance, the width is L41+2 mm allowance, and the thickness is L4+2 mm allowance; Furthermore, the rough machining of the bottom plate, the left plate, the right plate and the support beam is performed according to the size of the blank, and the first fine machining of the support beam is performed, specifically including: According to the length and width of the base plate blank, the surface area of the base plate is rough-machined to L6×L3+2 mm allowance, and the thickness is rough-machined to L5+1 mm allowance; According to the blank size of the left and right plates, the length of the left and right plates is rough-machined to L2+2 mm allowance, the width is rough-machined to L3+2 mm allowance, and the thickness is rough-machined to L7+1 mm allowance; According to the length and width of the support beam blank, the surface area of the support beam is rough-machined to L6×L41+1 mm allowance, and the thickness is fine-machined to L4; Furthermore, the overall welding of the roughly machined bottom plate, the left side plate and the right side plate, and the roughly machined and finely machined support beams specifically includes: After fixing the rough-machined bottom plate, the left and right plates, and the rough-machined and first-finished support beams with a welding fixture, the rough-machined left and right plates are welded and installed on the left and right sides of the rough-machined bottom plate, respectively, and the rough-machined and first-finished support beams are welded and installed between the rough-machined left and right plates; Furthermore, the second finishing of the initial bearing base after annealing is performed by a processing fixture, specifically comprising: The length of the left and right plates of the initial bearing base after annealing is fine-machined to L2, the width is fine-machined to L3, and the thickness is fine-machined to L7, L7+L6+L7=L1; A first groove is machined on the bottom of the base plate of the initial bearing base after annealing by a side milling head, wherein the width of the first groove is L8, and the four corners of the first groove are chamfered; The second grooves are respectively machined on the bottom of the left and right plates of the initial bearing after annealing by a side milling head. The length of the second groove is L8 and the width is L81. The initial bearing base after the first groove and the second groove are machined is installed on the machining fixture, and the left bearing hole is machined on the left plate by the side milling head, and the right bearing hole is machined on the right plate, wherein the right bearing hole includes a first hole located away from one end of the left plate, a second hole located near one end of the left plate, and a right hole shaft, and the first hole is connected to the second hole through the right hole shaft, and the left bearing hole includes a third hole located away from one end of the right plate, a fourth hole located near one end of the right plate, and a left hole shaft, and the third hole is connected to the fourth hole through the left hole shaft; Furthermore, the processing fixture includes a T-shaped seat, with clearance holes on both sides of the T-shaped seat, the T-shaped seat is connected to a T-shaped block through the clearance holes and fasteners, the T-shaped block matches the groove of the processing base, the T-shaped seat is installed in the groove of the processing base through the T-shaped block, and the bearing base is installed on the top of the T-shaped seat; Furthermore, the processing of the left bearing hole on the left plate and the right bearing hole on the right plate by the side milling head specifically includes: Use the side milling head to rough-machine the first hole on the right side plate to a diameter of D1+1 mm and the second hole to a diameter of D2+1 mm. Rough-machine the third hole on the left side plate to a diameter of D3+1 mm and the fourth hole to a diameter of D4+1 mm. Then, the diameter of the first hole is finely machined to D1, the diameter of the second hole is finely machined to D2, the diameter of the third hole is finely machined to D3, and the diameter of the fourth hole is finely machined to D4; Furthermore, the step of machining the mounting holes of the initial bearing base after the second fine machining specifically includes: After the second finishing, a first mounting hole is machined in the middle of the bottom plate of the initial bearing base, a plurality of second mounting holes are machined circumferentially with the first mounting hole as the center, a plurality of first mounting holes are machined on the top of the left plate and the right plate respectively, a second mounting hole is machined on one side of the left plate and the right plate respectively, and a plurality of third mounting holes are machined circumferentially outside the first hole and the third hole respectively.
[0007] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a high-precision bearing base, in which the bearing holes coaxially opened on the left plate and the right plate have precise coaxiality, and the coaxial error range is ≤0.05 mm, which greatly improves the rotation accuracy of the bearing; a plurality of first mounting holes are opened on the top of the left plate and the right plate, and a second mounting hole connected to the first mounting hole is opened on one side for installing cooling pipes or ventilation equipment, thereby realizing effective cooling of the bearing base and preventing performance degradation or damage due to overheating.
[0008] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for processing a high-precision bearing base. By obtaining the blank size of each component separately and performing rough processing and the first fine processing of the support beam in a targeted manner, the size of each component can be accurately controlled, laying a good foundation for subsequent assembly and ensuring the overall processing accuracy; the overall welding of the rough-processed components and annealing treatment not only enhances the structural stability of the bearing base, but also effectively eliminates welding internal stress, avoids deformation or cracking in subsequent use, and improves product quality and reliability; in particular, the core point of the present invention is that the initial bearing base after annealing only needs to be installed on a specific processing fixture once, and the coaxial processing of all left bearing holes and right bearing holes can be completed by only changing the angle of the side milling head. The bearing base is limited and fixed by the processing fixture, so that the bearing base is fixed during the second fine processing, thereby significantly reducing the bearing base processing error, making the coaxial error range ≤0.05 mm, greatly improving the coaxiality accuracy of the bearing holes at both ends of the bearing base, and realizing the high-precision and high-quality requirements of high-end mechanical equipment for the bearing base.
[0009] Furthermore, the reasonable setting of the blank length, width and thickness allowances of the bottom plate, left plate, right plate and support beam provides sufficient material redundancy for subsequent processing, which can effectively avoid insufficient blank size due to processing errors or unexpected situations and ensure the smooth progress of the processing; at the same time, appropriate allowance settings can ensure that there is enough material for fine processing after rough processing to meet high-precision requirements and improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the bearing base.
[0010] Furthermore, using welding fixtures to fix the components can ensure the stable position of the components during welding, improve welding accuracy, and avoid welding defects caused by component displacement; the left and right plates are welded to the left and right sides of the base plate respectively, and the support beam is welded between the two. The orderly welding sequence helps to ensure the stability and firmness of the overall structure; welding is performed on the basis of rough processing, leaving a suitable margin for the subsequent second fine processing, which is convenient for further improving the accuracy.
[0011] Furthermore, after only one use of the machining fixture, the left and right plates can be precisely machined by changing the angle of the side milling head, strictly ensuring that their dimensions meet the design requirements, significantly improving the coaxiality accuracy of the first, second, third and fourth holes, and controlling the coaxial error within 0.05 mm; grooves are machined and chamfered at the bottom of the base plate and the left and right side plates to facilitate the installation of the bearing base on the top of the machining fixture, thereby enhancing assembly stability.
[0012] Furthermore, the T-seat has holes on both sides for connecting T-blocks with fasteners, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and can be flexibly adjusted according to different processing requirements. The T-block matches the groove of the processing base, which can ensure that the T-seat is accurately installed inside the groove, improve the installation accuracy and stability, and thus ensure the position accuracy of the bearing base during processing; the bearing base is installed on the top of the T-seat, which provides a stable support for the bearing base, reduces vibration and displacement during processing, and can improve the coaxiality accuracy of the bearing holes at both ends of the bearing base.
[0013] Furthermore, rough machining is performed first to leave an allowance, which can avoid insufficient size due to machining errors and ensure the smooth progress of subsequent fine machining. Each hole is then fine-machined to the target diameter, which can ensure the dimensional accuracy of the bearing hole, meet the requirements of high-precision bearing installation, and improve the overall quality and performance of the bearing base.
[0014] Furthermore, mounting holes are processed in the middle and circumference of the bottom plate, the top and one side of the side plate, and the outer circumference of the bearing hole, which can be used for cooling and can meet different installation requirements, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the bearing base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a processing fixture in a method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 5This is a bottom view of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a left side view of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a right side view of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a high-precision bearing base of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a welding fixture in a method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is an assembly diagram of a welding fixture in a method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is an assembly diagram of a processing fixture in a method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a machining fixture and a side milling head machining a left bearing hole in a machining method for a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a machining fixture and a side milling head for machining the right bearing hole in a machining method for a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a processing fixture cooperating with a processing mounting hole in a processing method for a high-precision bearing base according to the present invention; In the figure, 1. base plate; 11. fourth mounting hole; 12. fifth mounting hole; 13. sixth mounting hole; 2. left side plate; 21. left bearing hole; 201. third hole; 202. fourth hole; 203. left hole shaft; 3. right side plate; 31. right bearing hole; 301. first hole; 302. second hole; 303. right hole shaft; 4. support beam; 5. first mounting hole; 51. second mounting hole; 52. third mounting hole; 6. T-shaped seat; 7. clearance hole; 8. welding fixture base plate; 81. first clamping assembly; 81-1. horizontal part of the first clamping assembly; 81-2. vertical part of the first clamping assembly; 82. second clamping assembly; 82-1. horizontal part of the second clamping assembly; 82-2. vertical part of the second clamping assembly; 83. limiting strip groove; 84. fastener; 85. sliding strip groove; 86. push screw; 87. auxiliary pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0017] Example 1: See also Figure 1 and Figure 8 The present invention provides a high-precision bearing base, including a base plate 1, a left side plate 2, a right side plate 3, a support beam 4, a left bearing hole 21, a right bearing hole 31, a first mounting hole 5, a second mounting hole 51, and a third mounting hole 52; the right bearing hole 31 includes a first hole 301, a second hole 302, and a right hole shaft 303; the left bearing hole 21 includes a third hole 201, a fourth hole 202, and a left hole shaft 203; The left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 1, and the support beam 4 is installed between the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3. The left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are coaxially opened with bearing holes, wherein the bearing hole on the left side plate 2 is the left bearing hole 21, and the bearing hole on the right side plate 3 is the right bearing hole 31. A plurality of first mounting holes 5 are opened on the top of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, and a second mounting hole 51 is opened on one side of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3. The first mounting hole 5 is connected to the second mounting hole 51 for cooling; the first hole The first hole 301 is located at the end of the right plate 3 away from the left plate 2, the second hole 302 is located at the end of the right plate 3 close to the left plate 2, and the first hole 301 is connected to the second hole 302 via the right hole shaft 303; the third hole 201 includes an end located at the left plate 2 away from the right plate 3, and the fourth hole 202 includes an end located at the left plate 2 close to the right plate 3, and the third hole 201 is connected to the fourth hole 202 via the left hole shaft 203; a plurality of third mounting holes 52 are circumferentially distributed outside the first hole 301 and the third hole 201; Preferably, the number of the first mounting holes 5 is two, located on both sides of the left bearing hole 21 and the right bearing hole 31, and connected to the second mounting hole 51; Preferably, the number of the third mounting holes 52 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or other numbers that can be circumferentially distributed outside the first hole 301 and the third hole 201; Preferably, a fourth mounting hole 11 may be further opened in the middle of the bottom plate 1 of the bearing base, and a plurality of fifth mounting holes 12 may be opened circumferentially with the fourth mounting hole 11 as the center. The number of the fifth mounting holes 12 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or any other number that can be circumferentially distributed outside the fourth mounting hole 11. Preferably, the bottom plate 1 of the bearing base may further be provided with a plurality of sixth mounting holes 13 , and the number of the sixth mounting holes 13 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or other numbers.
[0018] Example 2: In a possible implementation, the present invention further provides a method for processing a high-precision bearing base, comprising the following steps: Step 1, blanking: Get the blank sizes of the bottom plate 1, left plate 2, right plate 3 and support beam 4 respectively, that is, see Figure 3-Figure 7 The blank length of the bottom plate 1 is L6+2 mm with allowance, the width is L3+4 mm with allowance, and the thickness is L5+2 mm; the blank length of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 is L2+4 mm with allowance, the width is L3+4 mm with allowance, and the thickness is L7+2 mm; the blank length of the support beam 4 is L6+2 mm with allowance, the width is L41+2 mm with allowance, and the thickness is L4+2 mm; Step 2, blank processing: rough-process the bottom plate 1, left side plate 2, right side plate 3 and support beam 4 respectively according to the blank size, and perform the first fine processing on the support beam 4, that is, according to the blank length and width of the bottom plate 1, the surface area of the bottom plate 1 is rough-processed to L6×L3+2 mm allowance, and the thickness is rough-processed to L5+1 mm allowance; according to the blank size of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, the length of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 is rough-processed to L2+2 mm allowance, the width is rough-processed to L3+2 mm allowance, and the thickness is rough-processed to L7+1 mm allowance; according to the blank length and width of the support beam 4, the surface area of the support beam 4 is rough-processed to L6×L41+1mm allowance, and the thickness is fine-processed to L4. Since the thickness of the support beam 4 cannot be machined after the subsequent welding process, the thickness of the support beam 4 is processed in place before welding; Step 3, welding and annealing: After fixing the rough-machined bottom plate 1, the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam 4 with a welding fixture, the rough-machined left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the rough-machined bottom plate 1 by arc welding, and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam 4 is welded and installed between the rough-machined left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 to obtain an initial bearing base, which is then annealed to release stress caused by welding; Preferably, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 The welding fixture may include a welding fixture base plate 8, a first clamping assembly 81 and a second clamping assembly 82. The welding fixture base plate 8 is provided with a limiting strip groove 83 and a fastener 84 that penetrates the welding fixture base plate 8. The first clamping assembly 81 and the second clamping assembly 82 are L-shaped structures and are arranged in pairs. The vertical portion 81-2 of the first clamping assembly is close to the axial fixing surface of the welding piece, and the vertical portion 81-2 of the second clamping assembly is close to the transverse fixing surface of the welding piece; the horizontal portion 81-1 of the first clamping assembly is provided with a sliding strip groove 85 parallel to the transverse fixing surface, and the fastener 84 passes through the sliding strip groove 85 to fix the horizontal portion 81-1 of the first clamping assembly to the welding fixture base plate 8, and the horizontal portion 82-1 of the second clamping assembly is fixed by the fastener 84 On the limiting strip groove 83; the vertical part 81-2 of the first clamping assembly is provided with a push screw 86, and the vertical part 82-2 of the second clamping assembly is provided with a push screw 86; a hole is provided in the center of the welding fixture base plate 8 for placing the welding piece and the auxiliary pad 87, and the auxiliary pad 87 is used to support the welding piece; when in use, the ends of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are limited and fixed by the vertical part 81-2 of the first clamping assembly and the horizontal part 81-1 of the first clamping assembly, and the sides of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are limited and fixed by the horizontal part 82-1 of the second clamping assembly and the vertical part 82-2 of the second clamping assembly in combination with the push screw 86, the auxiliary pad 87 is located on the base plate 1 for support, and the entire bearing base is located on the welding fixture base plate 8; Step 4, second finishing: Finish the length of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 of the initial bearing base after annealing to L2 (remove 1 mm allowance on the upper and lower sides), finish the width to L3 (remove 1 mm allowance on both ends), and finish the thickness to L7 (remove 1 mm allowance on both ends), L7+L6+L7=L1; Use the side milling head to machine the first groove at the bottom of the bottom plate 1 of the initial bearing base after annealing. The width of the first groove is L8, and the four corners of the first groove are chamfered with a=30°; Machine the second groove at the bottom of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 of the initial bearing after annealing. The length of the second groove is L8 and the width is L81; See Figures 11 to 13, the initial bearing base after the first groove and the second groove are machined is installed on the machining fixture, and the left bearing hole 21 is machined on the left plate 2 and the right bearing hole 31 is machined on the right plate 3 by the side milling head, wherein the right bearing hole 31 includes a first hole 301 located at an end away from the left plate 2, a second hole 302 located near an end of the left plate 2, and a right hole shaft 303, the first hole 301 is connected to the second hole 302 through the right hole shaft 303, the left bearing hole 21 includes a third hole 201 located at an end away from the right plate 3, a fourth hole 202 located near an end of the right plate 3, and a left hole shaft 203, the third hole 201 is connected to the fourth hole 202 through the left hole shaft 203; Specifically, the processing fixture includes a T-shaped seat 6, the top of the T-shaped seat 6 matches the groove of the bottom plate 1 of the bearing base, and there are clearance holes 7 on both sides of the T-shaped seat 6. The T-shaped seat 6 is connected to a T-block with fasteners through the clearance holes 7. The T-block matches the groove of the processing base, and the T-shaped seat 6 is installed inside the groove of the processing base through the T-block. The bearing base is installed on the top of the T-shaped seat 6, and the top width of the T-shaped seat 6 is adapted to the width of the first groove and the length of the second groove; when in use, the first groove of the bottom plate 1 of the bearing base, the second grooves of the left plate 2 and the right plate are installed on the top of the T-shaped seat 6, and the machine tool fixing fixture is used to fix the bearing base during processing, so that the coaxial processing of the left bearing hole 21 and the right bearing hole 31 is accurate, which significantly reduces the processing error; Specifically, the left bearing hole 21 is machined on the left side plate 2 and the right bearing hole 31 is machined on the right side plate 3 by the side milling head, including: rough machining the first hole 301 on the right side plate 3 to a diameter of D1+1 mm and a diameter of D2+1 mm, and rough machining the third hole 201 on the left side plate 2 to a diameter of D3+1 mm and a diameter of D4+1 mm; and finish machining the first hole 301 to a diameter of D1 and a diameter of D2, and finish machining the third hole 201 to a diameter of D3 and a diameter of D4, using a flat-bottom end mill. Preferably, the flat-bottom end mill can be a steel milling cutter or an alloy milling cutter; Step 5: Mounting hole processing: see Figure 14 After the second finishing, the first mounting hole 11 is machined in the middle of the bottom plate 1 of the initial bearing base by a side milling head, and a plurality of second mounting holes 12 are machined circumferentially with the first mounting hole 11 as the center. A plurality of first mounting holes 5 are machined on the top of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 respectively, and a second mounting hole 51 is machined on one side of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 respectively. A plurality of third mounting holes 52 are machined circumferentially outside the first hole 301 and the third hole 201 to obtain the bearing base.
[0019] Example 3: In a possible implementation, the present invention further provides a method for processing a high-precision bearing base, comprising the following steps: Step 1, blanking: Get the blank sizes of the bottom plate 1, left plate 2, right plate 3 and support beam 4 respectively, that is, see Figure 3-Figure 7 The blank length of the bottom plate 1 is L6 = 210 mm + 2 mm allowance, the width is L3 = 110 mm + 4 mm allowance, and the thickness is L5 = 20 mm + 2 mm allowance; the blank length of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 is L2 = 120 mm + 4 mm allowance, the width is L3 = 110mm + 4 mm allowance, and the thickness is L7 = 30 mm + 2 mm allowance; the blank length of the support beam 4 is L6 = 210 mm + 2 mm allowance, the width is L41 = 25 mm + 2 mm allowance, and the thickness is L4 = 20 mm + 2 mm allowance; Step 2: Blank processing: Rough-process the bottom plate 1, left side plate 2, right side plate 3 and support beam 4 according to the blank size, and perform the first fine processing on the support beam 4. That is, according to the blank length and width of the bottom plate 1, the surface area of the bottom plate 1 is roughly processed to L6×L3=23100 mm. 2 +2 mm allowance, rough-machine the thickness to L5 = 20 mm + 1 mm allowance; according to the blank size of left plate 2 and right plate 3, the length of left plate 2 and right plate 3 is rough-machined to L2 = 120 mm + 2 mm allowance, the width is rough-machined to L3 = 110 mm + 2 mm allowance, and the thickness is rough-machined to L7 = 30 mm + 1 mm allowance; according to the blank length and width of support beam 4, the surface area of support beam 4 is rough-machined to L6 × L41 = 5250 mm 2 +1 mm allowance, thickness finishing to L4=20 mm. Since the thickness of support beam 4 cannot be machined after subsequent welding, the thickness of support beam 4 is machined to the required thickness before welding. Step 3, welding and annealing: After fixing the rough-machined bottom plate 1, the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam 4 with a welding fixture, the rough-machined left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the rough-machined bottom plate 1 by arc welding, and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam 4 is welded and installed between the rough-machined left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 to obtain an initial bearing base, which is then annealed to release stress caused by welding; Preferably, see Figure 9 and Figure 10The welding fixture may include a welding fixture base plate 8, a first clamping assembly 81 and a second clamping assembly 82. The welding fixture base plate 8 is provided with a limiting strip groove 83 and a fastener 84 that penetrates the welding fixture base plate 8. The first clamping assembly 81 and the second clamping assembly 82 are L-shaped structures and are arranged in pairs. The vertical portion 81-2 of the first clamping assembly is close to the axial fixing surface of the welding piece, and the vertical portion 81-2 of the second clamping assembly is close to the transverse fixing surface of the welding piece; the horizontal portion 81-1 of the first clamping assembly is provided with a sliding strip groove 85 parallel to the transverse fixing surface, and the fastener 84 passes through the sliding strip groove 85 to fix the horizontal portion 81-1 of the first clamping assembly to the welding fixture base plate 8, and the horizontal portion 82-1 of the second clamping assembly is fixed by the fastener 84 On the limiting strip groove 83; the vertical part 81-2 of the first clamping assembly is provided with a push screw 86, and the vertical part 82-2 of the second clamping assembly is provided with a push screw 86; a hole is provided in the center of the welding fixture base plate 8 for placing the welding piece and the auxiliary pad 87, and the auxiliary pad 87 is used to support the welding piece; when in use, the ends of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are limited and fixed by the vertical part 81-2 of the first clamping assembly and the horizontal part 81-1 of the first clamping assembly, and the sides of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are limited and fixed by the horizontal part 82-1 of the second clamping assembly and the vertical part 82-2 of the second clamping assembly in combination with the push screw 86, the auxiliary pad 87 is located on the base plate 1 for support, and the entire bearing base is located on the welding fixture base plate 8; Step 4, second finishing: the length of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 of the initial bearing base after annealing is finished to L2 = 120 mm (1 mm allowance is removed on the upper and lower surfaces), the width is finished to L3 = 110 mm (1 mm allowance is removed on both ends), and the thickness is finished to L7 = 30 mm (1 mm allowance is removed on both ends), L7 + L6 + L7 = L1; the first groove is machined into the bottom of the bottom plate 1 of the initial bearing base after annealing by the side milling head, the width of the first groove is L8 = 80 mm, and the four corners of the first groove are chamfered with a = 30°; the second groove is machined into the bottom of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 of the initial bearing after annealing by the side milling head, the length of the second groove is L8 = 80 mm, and the width is L81 = 5 mm; see Figures 11 to 13, the initial bearing base after the first groove and the second groove are machined is installed on the machining fixture, and the left bearing hole 21 is machined on the left plate 2 and the right bearing hole 31 is machined on the right plate 3 by the side milling head, wherein the right bearing hole 31 includes a first hole 301 located at an end away from the left plate 2, a second hole 302 located near an end of the left plate 2, and a right hole shaft 303, the first hole 301 is connected to the second hole 302 through the right hole shaft 303, the left bearing hole 21 includes a third hole 201 located at an end away from the right plate 3, a fourth hole 202 located near an end of the right plate 3, and a left hole shaft 203, the third hole 201 is connected to the fourth hole 202 through the left hole shaft 203; Specifically, the processing fixture includes a T-shaped seat 6, the top of the T-shaped seat 6 matches the groove of the bottom plate 1 of the bearing base, and there are clearance holes 7 on both sides of the T-shaped seat 6. The T-shaped seat 6 is connected to a T-block with fasteners through the clearance holes 7. The T-block matches the groove of the processing base, and the T-shaped seat 6 is installed inside the groove of the processing base through the T-block. The bearing base is installed on the top of the T-shaped seat 6, and the top width of the T-shaped seat 6 is adapted to the width of the first groove and the length of the second groove; when in use, the first groove of the bottom plate 1 of the bearing base, the second grooves of the left plate 2 and the right plate are installed on the top of the T-shaped seat 6, and the machine tool fixing fixture is used to fix the bearing base during processing, so that the coaxial processing of the left bearing hole 21 and the right bearing hole 31 is accurate, which significantly reduces the processing error; Specifically, the left bearing hole 21 is machined on the left side plate 2 and the right bearing hole 31 is machined on the right side plate 3 by the side milling head, including: rough machining the first hole 301 on the right side plate 3 to a diameter of D1 = 72 mm + 1 mm allowance and the second hole 302 to a diameter of D2 = 60 mm + 1 mm allowance, and rough machining the third hole 201 on the left side plate 2 to a diameter of D3 = 80 mm + 1 mm allowance and the fourth hole 202 to a diameter of D4 = 60 mm + 1 mm allowance; and finish machining the first hole 301 to a diameter of D1 = 72 mm and the second hole 302 to a diameter of D2 = 60 mm by a flat-bottom end mill, and finish machining the third hole 201 to a diameter of D3 = 80 mm and the fourth hole 202 to a diameter of D4 = 60 mm. Preferably, the flat-bottom end mill can be a steel milling cutter or an alloy milling cutter; Step 5: Mounting hole processing: see Figure 14 After the second finishing, the first mounting hole 11 is machined in the middle of the bottom plate 1 of the initial bearing base by a side milling head, and a plurality of second mounting holes 12 are machined circumferentially with the first mounting hole 11 as the center. A plurality of first mounting holes 5 are machined on the top of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 respectively, and a second mounting hole 51 is machined on one side of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 respectively. A plurality of third mounting holes 52 are machined circumferentially outside the first hole 301 and the third hole 201 to obtain the bearing base.
[0020] In particular, compared with traditional end milling (which requires multiple clamping steps during coaxial machining and results in large coaxiality errors), the core point of the present invention is that the initial bearing base after annealing only needs to be mounted on a specific machining fixture once. By simply changing the angle of the side milling head, the coaxial machining of all left-side bearing holes 21 and right-side bearing holes 31 can be completed, thereby significantly improving the coaxiality accuracy of the first hole 301, the second hole 302, the third hole 201, and the fourth hole 202. The bearing base is limited and fixed by the machining fixture, so that the bearing base is fixed during the second finishing machining, thereby significantly reducing the bearing base machining errors, as shown in the following table: Table 1 Comparison of coaxial errors between the present invention and traditional machining
[0021] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-precision bearing base, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) comprises a bottom plate (1), a left side plate (2) and a right side plate (3) are respectively installed on both sides of the bottom plate (1), the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) are coaxially provided with bearing holes, wherein the bearing hole on the left side plate (2) is a left bearing hole (21), and the bearing hole on the right side plate (3) is a right bearing hole (31), a plurality of first mounting holes (5) are opened on the top of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3), a second mounting hole (51) is respectively opened on one side of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3), the first mounting hole (5) is connected to the second mounting hole (51) for cooling, and a support beam (4) is installed between the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3); The right side bearing hole (31) comprises a first hole (301) located at an end away from the left side plate (2), a second hole (302) located near an end of the left side plate (2), and a right side hole shaft (303), wherein the first hole (301) is connected to the second hole (302) via the right side hole shaft (303); the left side bearing hole (21) comprises a third hole (201) located at an end away from the right side plate (3), a fourth hole (202) located near an end of the right side plate (3), and a left side hole shaft (203), wherein the third hole (201) is connected to the fourth hole (202) via the left side hole shaft (203); and a plurality of third mounting holes (52) are circumferentially distributed outside the first hole (301) and the third hole (201).
2. A method for processing a high-precision bearing base, based on the processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Rough machining is performed on the blanks of the bottom plate (1), the left side plate (2), the right side plate (3) and the support beam (4), respectively, and the support beam (4) is subjected to first fine machining; The rough-machined bottom plate (1), the left side plate (2), the right side plate (3), and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam (4) are integrally welded to obtain an initial bearing base, and the initial bearing base is annealed; The initial bearing base after annealing is subjected to a second finishing process, wherein a left bearing hole (21) is machined on the left side plate (2) and a right bearing hole (31) is machined on the right side plate (3) by using a machining fixture in conjunction with a side milling head; The initial bearing base after the second fine processing is processed into a mounting hole to obtain a bearing base.
3. The method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blank of the bottom plate (1) has a length of L6+2 mm with a margin, a width of L3+4 mm with a margin, and a thickness of L5+2 mm; the blank of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) has a length of L2+4 mm with a margin, a width of L3+4 mm with a margin, and a thickness of L7+2 mm; the blank of the support beam (4) has a length of L6+2 mm with a margin, a width of L41+2 mm with a margin, and a thickness of L4+2 mm.
4. A method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rough machining of the bottom plate (1), the left side plate (2), the right side plate (3) and the support beam (4) is respectively performed, and the first fine machining of the support beam (4) is performed, specifically comprising: According to the length and width of the blank of the bottom plate (1), the surface area of the bottom plate (1) is roughly machined to a margin of L6×L3+2 mm, and the thickness is roughly machined to a margin of L5+1 mm; According to the blank size of the left plate (2) and the right plate (3), the length of the left plate (2) and the right plate (3) are roughly machined to an allowance of L2+2 mm, the width is roughly machined to an allowance of L3+2 mm, and the thickness is roughly machined to an allowance of L7+1 mm; According to the length and width of the blank of the support beam (4), the surface area of the support beam (4) is rough-machined to a margin of L6×L41+1 mm, and the thickness is finely machined to L4.
5. The method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of integrally welding the rough-machined bottom plate (1), the left side plate (2), the right side plate (3), and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam (4) specifically includes: After the rough-machined bottom plate (1), the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3), and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam (4) are fixed by a welding fixture, the rough-machined left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) are welded and installed on the left and right sides of the rough-machined bottom plate (1), respectively, and the rough-machined and first fine-machined support beam (4) is welded and installed between the rough-machined left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3).
6. The method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second finishing process of the initial bearing base after annealing is performed by a processing fixture specifically includes: The length of the left plate (2) and the right plate (3) of the initial bearing base after annealing is finely machined to L2, the width is finely machined to L3, and the thickness is finely machined to L7, where L7+L6+L7=L1; A first groove is machined on the bottom of the base plate (1) of the initial bearing base after annealing by a side milling head, wherein the width of the first groove is L8; A second groove is respectively machined on the bottom of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) of the initial bearing after annealing by a side milling head, wherein the length of the second groove is L8 and the width is L81; The initial bearing base after the first groove and the second groove are machined is mounted on a machining fixture, and a left bearing hole (21) is machined on the left side plate (2) and a right bearing hole (31) is machined on the right side plate (3) by a side milling head, wherein the right bearing hole (31) includes a first hole (301) located at an end away from the left side plate (2), a second hole (302) located near an end of the left side plate (2) and a right hole shaft (303), and the first hole (301) is connected to the second hole (302) through the right hole shaft (303), and the left bearing hole (21) includes a third hole (201) located at an end away from the right side plate (3), a fourth hole (202) located near an end of the right side plate (3) and a left hole shaft (203), and the third hole (201) is connected to the fourth hole (202) through the left hole shaft (203).
7. A method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing fixture includes a T-shaped seat (6), and two sides of the T-shaped seat (6) are provided with clearance holes (7). The T-shaped seat (6) is connected to a T-shaped block through the clearance holes (7) in conjunction with fasteners. The T-shaped block matches the groove of the processing base. The T-shaped seat (6) is installed inside the groove of the processing base through the T-shaped block, and a bearing base is installed on the top of the T-shaped seat (6).
8. The method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four corners of the first groove are chamfered respectively.
9. The method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of machining the left bearing hole (21) on the left side plate (2) and machining the right bearing hole (31) on the right side plate (3) by a side milling head specifically includes: Rough machining is performed on the right side plate (3) by a side milling head until the diameter of the first hole (301) is D1+1 mm and the diameter of the second hole (302) is D2+1 mm, and rough machining is performed on the left side plate (2) until the diameter of the third hole (201) is D3+1 mm and the diameter of the fourth hole (202) is D4+1 mm; Then, the diameter of the first hole (301) is finely machined to D1, the diameter of the second hole (302) is finely machined to D2, the diameter of the third hole (201) is finely machined to D3, and the diameter of the fourth hole (202) is finely machined to D4.
10. The method for processing a high-precision bearing base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of machining the mounting holes of the initial bearing base after the second fine machining specifically includes: A first mounting hole (11) is machined in the middle of the bottom plate (1) of the initial bearing base after the second finishing process, a plurality of second mounting holes (12) are machined circumferentially with the first mounting hole (11) as the center, a plurality of first mounting holes (5) are machined on the top of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3), a second mounting hole (51) is machined on one side of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3), and a plurality of third mounting holes (52) are machined circumferentially outside the first hole (301) and the third hole (201).