Linkage production process for co-producing imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide in one step

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carnosine, in particular to a linkage production process for one-step co-production of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide, which comprises the following steps: smashing poultry meat by-products, homogenizing, extracting, standing, taking supernate A for later use, and extracting for the second time; performing centrifugal separation on the secondary extract to obtain clear liquid B and meat residues; concentrating the supernate A and the supernate B, filtering and sterilizing, and carrying out warm spray drying to obtain imidazole dipeptide dry powder; performing composite enzymatic hydrolysis on the meat residues to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate; performing carbon filtration on the enzymatic hydrolysate, and filtering to obtain clear liquid; and concentrating the clarified liquid, filtering and sterilizing, and carrying out low-temperature spray drying to obtain meat protein small molecule peptide dry powder. According to the linkage production process for one-step co-production of the imidazole dipeptide and the meat protein small-molecule peptide, separation and preparation of the imidazole dipeptide and the meat protein small-molecule peptide are realized under mild conditions of low temperature, no acid, no alkali and the like, so that damage to structures and activities of the imidazole dipeptide and the meat protein small-molecule peptide caused by processes of high-temperature cooking and causticity acid and alkali conditions is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of food technology, and in particular to a one-step production process for the linked production of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide. Background Art

[0002] Imidazole dipeptides are a class of water-soluble dipeptides composed of L-histidine or histidine derivatives and β-alanine with an imidazole group. They mainly include carnosine, anserine, cetacean, and homocarnosine. They are widely present in the skeletal muscle and brain tissue of various vertebrates. The content of imidazole dipeptides in several common animals is ranked from high to low as turkey > chicken > horse > pig > rabbit > cattle > fish. Their health benefits are not only in fighting fatigue, but also in regulating the autonomic nervous system, thus helping the brain focus and preventing Alzheimer's disease. They can also fight aging through antioxidant and anti-glycation effects, and even have the effect of lowering uric acid, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0003] From the perspective of health care function: imidazole dipeptide has important application value in many fields such as health, functional food, biomedicine, beauty and cosmetics, and meat protein small molecule peptide as a functional active peptide also has important application value in the fields of health and functional food.

[0004] At present, there are two production processes for imidazole dipeptides: synthesis and biological extraction. The synthesis method mainly consists of microbial fermentation and enzyme catalysis based on gene editing. Its main application areas are pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Currently, synthetic products cannot be used in the food field.

[0005] Bioextraction from food sources can be applied to the food industry, and animal meats such as chicken, pork, beef, fish, and rabbit can all be used as extraction sources. Transforming highly polluting, low-value-added waste into high-tech, environmentally friendly, high-value-added, and health-promoting products for the public is a shared mission and a major challenge facing scientists and industry professionals.

[0006] Patent No. CN2021800292972 discloses a method for refining imidazole dipeptide, which includes subjecting an animal extract to an animal extract treatment liquid containing a plurality of imidazole dipeptides obtained by ion exchange treatment, and then sequentially passing through a Na-type strong acid cation exchange resin-hydroxide aqueous solution elution-through an aromatic hydrophobic adsorption resin-hydroxide aqueous solution elution-pH adjustment-membrane treatment desalination to obtain the imidazole dipeptide.

[0007] Patent number CN22022115530537 discloses a method and application for producing tuna peptides rich in anserine and glutathione. Tuna peptides containing anserine are prepared using an enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation method. The specific steps include adding a composite protease (e.g., papain, neutral protease, trypsin, or neutral or acidic proteases obtained by fermentation of other strains) and a protease-producing microorganism (e.g., Candida tropicalis) to tuna, and simultaneously fermenting and enzymatically hydrolyzing the tuna (which effectively eliminates odor, significantly reduces the molecular weight of the tuna skin, and eases subsequent purification) to obtain an absorption liquid. The absorption liquid is then purified with resin to produce the tuna peptide.

[0008] Patent CN2024108366664 discloses a method for preparing tuna peptides for lowering uric acid. The steps include soaking the tuna meat in warm water and washing it with a solution containing quinine, quinine and sodium chloride, then soaking it in warm water and washing it with a solution containing sorbitol and Centella asiatica extract, and performing a composite enzymatic hydrolysis technology to finally obtain tuna peptides and small molecule products.

[0009] The above technology has the following defects: (1) The process of preparing imidazole dipeptide alone by ion exchange resin adsorption + caustic alkali solution elution + membrane filtration and then desalting or preparing meat protein small molecule peptide alone has been studied and applied on a large scale, but there is no research on the process of co-production of the two, and the process conditions are extremely harsh, which is not conducive to the maintenance of activity and the protection of the ecological environment, and is not friendly to the ecological environment; (2) The selection of raw materials is unreasonable, the value of the raw materials themselves is too high, resulting in a low cost-effectiveness of the product. In addition, the meat residue still contains a large amount of protein after extraction by a separate preparation process, resulting in serious material waste, low efficiency, high cost and other problems. At the same time, solid and liquid wastes also cause serious pollution and damage to the environment, which is not friendly to the ecological environment. (3) Products produced by current synthetic technology cannot be used in the field of functional health foods.

[0010] From the perspective of cost-effectiveness and content ratio, the by-products of poultry meat products are undoubtedly the most cost-effective choice due to their large output and low price. The present invention uses one or two poultry meat by-products of chicken or duck meat to innovatively realize the high-value recycling and reuse of low-value raw materials. Through a clean joint production process, modern biotechnology is used to process them into small-molecule active peptides, which are extremely valuable for a conservation-oriented society, an environmentally friendly society, and the protection of national health. It can not only solve the current problem of waste of a large number of primary low-value by-products, but also improve people's health level as a high-value deep-processed functional peptide in the field of big health, and achieve good social benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a production process for co-producing imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide in one step, comprising the following steps: S100 Imidazole Dipeptide Process S110: mincing, homogenizing, extracting, and resting the poultry by-products; collecting the supernatant A after settling; and performing secondary extraction on the sediment to obtain a secondary extract; S120 centrifuges the secondary extract to obtain a clear solution B and meat residue; S130: mixing the supernatant A and the supernatant B, purifying and concentrating them to obtain a concentrated solution A; S140: Filter and sterilize the concentrated solution A; S150 continuously flows and low-temperature atomizes and dries the sterilized concentrate A to obtain imidazole dipeptide dry powder; S200 meat protein small molecule peptide process S210 performs multi-stage directional composite enzymatic hydrolysis on the meat residue obtained in S120 to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; S220 removes the enzymatic hydrolyzate by carbon filtration to obtain a carbon filtrate; S230: filtering the carbon filtrate to obtain a clarified liquid; S240 purifies and concentrates the clarified liquid to obtain a concentrated liquid B; S250: Filter and sterilize the concentrated solution B; S260 continuously flows and low-temperature atomizes and dries the sterilized concentrated liquid B to obtain meat protein small molecule peptide dry powder.

[0012] Preferably, step S110 specifically includes: S111: Crush the poultry by-products, pass through a 5-8mm sieve, add 2-3 times the volume of pure water, use a colloid mill to homogenize, then heat to 45-55°C and start the stirrer, stirring and extracting for 3-4 hours; S112: The mixture after stirring and extraction is allowed to stand, and the supernatant A after static sedimentation is released for use. Pure water 1.5-2 times the volume of the sediment is added to the extraction tank, and the temperature is raised to 40-45° C., the stirrer is turned on, and extraction is carried out for 1.5-2 hours to obtain a secondary extract.

[0013] Preferably, step S210 specifically includes: S211 detects the dry matter content of the meat residue and adjusts the pH of the liquid to 7-8 and the temperature to 50-55°C; S212 adds 0.04-0.08% of the dry matter weight of the meat residue as a composite protease for composite shearing, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-6 hours.

[0014] Preferably, the composite protease is at least two of flavor protease, alkaline protease, neutral protease, papain, and bromelain.

[0015] Preferably, 2%-3% of composite activated carbon is added to the enzymatic hydrolysate in step S220, and adsorption is carried out at 60-70°C for 0.5-1h.

[0016] Preferably, in step S230, the carbon filtrate is pressurized to 3 kg and enters the plate-frame through a pressure pump for slurry filtration to obtain a clarified liquid.

[0017] Preferably, step S130 and step S240 use nanofiltration equipment, and the BRIX value is 25.

[0018] Preferably, in steps S140 and S250, the concentrated liquid A and the concentrated liquid B enter a filter equipped with a 0.22 μm polyethersulfone sterilization filter element for sterilization.

[0019] Preferably, the air inlet temperature of the drying tower in step S150 and step S260 is 30-45°C, and the air outlet temperature is 20-25°C.

[0020] Preferably, the molecular weight of the imidazole dipeptide prepared in step S150 is 200-300 Da, and the molecular weight of the meat protein small molecule peptide prepared in step S260 is 400-600 Da.

[0021] Compared with the known public technologies, the technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial effects: (1) The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide of the present invention provides an innovative one-step co-production process solution of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide, which is low-cost and environmentally friendly. The separation and preparation of the two can be achieved under mild conditions such as low temperature, acid and alkali-free, thereby avoiding the damage to the structure and activity of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide caused by high-temperature cooking and caustic acid and alkali conditions. First, the scheme can separate the imidazole dipeptide in meat to the greatest extent; the technology can use the meat residue after the imidazole dipeptide is extracted for the production of protein peptides, which is environmentally friendly and can simultaneously ensure the protein content, taste, freshness, molecular weight and other indicators of the two products, and the molecular weight of the imidazole dipeptide is between 200-300Da, and the meat protein small molecule peptide is between 400-600Da; the technology uses the by-products and scraps of the meat food processing industry as raw materials to maximize the advantages of co-production, and the resources can be fully utilized, saving a lot of resources and reducing pollution to the environment; (2) The co-production water extraction process of the present invention uses a purely physical mechanical extraction method at 40-55°C under low temperature, acid-free and alkali-free mild conditions to separate imidazole dipeptide and meat protein, thereby avoiding the damage to the activity and structure of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide caused by high temperature cooking and caustic conditions; (3) The meat protein small molecule peptide process of the present invention adopts a mild directional enzymatic cleavage process, which avoids the destruction of the activity of small molecule peptides by strong physical and chemical conditions such as high temperature cooking and chemical dissociation, thereby retaining the activity and functionality of small molecule peptides; (4) The linkage production process of the present invention adopts a 0.22 micron polyethersulfone sterilization filter element for sterilization filtration, thereby avoiding the use of high temperature and high pressure sterilization. It can not only ensure that the product microorganisms meet the requirements, but also avoid the damage of high temperature and high pressure to the activity and functionality of small molecules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is an application diagram of imidazole dipeptide in the background technology of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a process flow chart of the imidazole dipeptide of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a process flow chart of the meat protein peptide of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a distribution diagram of imidazole dipeptide powder prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a distribution diagram of the imidazole dipeptide powder prepared in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Example 1 The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide includes the following steps: S100 Imidazole Dipeptide Process S111: The poultry by-products were crushed, passed through a 5mm sieve, and 2 times the volume of pure water was added. After homogenization using a colloid mill, the mixture was heated to 45-50°C and stirred for 3 hours. S112: the mixture after stirring and extraction is allowed to stand, and the supernatant A after static sedimentation is released for use. Pure water 1.5 times the volume of the sediment is added to the extraction tank, and the temperature is raised to 44° C., the stirrer is turned on, and extraction is carried out for 1.5 hours to obtain a secondary extract; S120 starts the decanter separator (2500&1500 r / m), allowing the secondary extract to enter the centrifuge. After separation, the supernatant B and meat residue are obtained. The supernatant B is used for the production of imidazole dipeptide, and the meat residue is used for the production of meat protein small molecule peptides. S130: The supernatant A and the supernatant B are mixed and poured into a nanofiltration device with a BRIX value set to 25, and desalination, purification and concentration are performed to obtain a concentrated solution A; S140 allows the concentrated liquid A to enter a filter equipped with a 0.22 micron polyethersulfone sterilizing filter element for sterilization; S150 delivers the sterilized concentrated liquid A to the drying tower through a high-pressure pump, with the inlet air at 35-40°C (the air undergoes secondary dehumidification, with a moisture content of 3-5%) and the exhaust air at 20-25°C, to obtain imidazole dipeptide dry powder.

[0026] Imidazole dipeptide physical and chemical indicators and molecular weight data: S200 meat protein small molecule peptide process S211 detects the dry matter content of the meat residue and adjusts the pH of the liquid to 7 and the temperature to 50°C; S212 added 0.06% of the dry matter weight of the meat residue as a composite protease for composite shearing, the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 5 hours, and the composite protease used was flavor protease and bromelain, and the amount of flavor protease and bromelain was 1:1; 2% composite activated carbon was added to the S220 enzymatic hydrolysate, and the mixture was adsorbed at 65°C for 40 min to remove the carbon by carbon filtration to obtain a carbon filtrate; S230 applies 3kg pressure to the carbon filtrate and enters the plate-frame for filtration to obtain a clarified liquid. S240 passes the clarified liquid into a nanofiltration device with a BRIX value set to 25 for desalination, purification, and concentration to obtain a concentrated liquid B; S250 passes concentrated liquid B into a filter equipped with a 0.22 micron polyethersulfone sterilizing filter for sterilization; S260 transports the sterilized concentrated liquid B to the drying tower through a high-pressure pump, with the inlet air temperature at 30-45°C (the air undergoes secondary dehumidification, with a moisture content of 3-5%) and the exhaust air at 20-25°C, and dries to obtain meat protein small molecule peptide dry powder.

[0027] Meat protein peptide physical and chemical indicators and molecular weight data: Example 2 The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide includes the following steps: S100 Imidazole Dipeptide Process S111: The poultry by-products were crushed, passed through an 8mm sieve, 3 volumes of pure water were added, and homogenized using a colloid mill. The mixture was heated to 50-55°C and stirred for 4 hours. S112: the mixture after stirring and extraction is allowed to stand, and the supernatant A after static sedimentation is released for use. Pure water twice the volume of the sediment is added to the extraction tank, and the temperature is raised to 42° C., the stirrer is turned on, and extraction is performed for 2 hours to obtain a secondary extract; S120 starts the decanter separator (2500&1500 r / m), allowing the secondary extract to enter the centrifuge. After separation, the supernatant B and meat residue are obtained. The supernatant B is used for the production of imidazole dipeptide, and the meat residue is used for the production of meat protein small molecule peptides. S130: The supernatant A and the supernatant B are mixed and poured into a nanofiltration device with a BRIX value set to 25, and desalination, purification and concentration are performed to obtain a concentrated solution A; S140 allows the concentrated liquid A to enter a filter equipped with a 0.22 micron polyethersulfone sterilizing filter element for sterilization; S150 delivers the sterilized concentrated liquid A to the drying tower through a high-pressure pump, with the inlet air at 35-40°C (the air undergoes secondary dehumidification, with a moisture content of 3-5%) and the exhaust air at 20-25°C, to obtain imidazole dipeptide dry powder.

[0028] Imidazole dipeptide physical and chemical indicators and molecular weight data: S200 meat protein small molecule peptide process S211 detects the dry matter content of the meat residue and adjusts the pH of the liquid to 8 and the temperature to 55°C; S212 was added with 0.08% of the dry matter of the meat residue for composite shearing, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 6 h. The composite protease used was alkaline protease, neutral protease, and papain, and the amount of alkaline protease, neutral protease, and papain was 1:1; 3% composite activated carbon was added to the S220 enzymatic hydrolysate, and the mixture was adsorbed at 70°C for 30 min to remove the carbon by carbon filtration to obtain a carbon filtrate; S230 applies 3kg pressure to the carbon filtrate and enters the plate-frame for filtration to obtain a clarified liquid. S240 passes the clarified liquid into a nanofiltration device with a BRIX value set to 25 for desalination, purification, and concentration to obtain a concentrated liquid B; S250 passes concentrated liquid B into a filter equipped with a 0.22 micron polyethersulfone sterilizing filter for sterilization; S260 transports the sterilized concentrated liquid B to the drying tower through a high-pressure pump, with the inlet air temperature at 30-45°C (the air undergoes secondary dehumidification, with a moisture content of 3-5%) and the exhaust air at 20-25°C, and dries to obtain meat protein small molecule peptide dry powder.

[0029] Meat protein peptide physical and chemical indicators and molecular weight data: The present invention avoids the destruction of the activity and structure of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide by high-temperature cooking and caustic acid-base conditions through the application of multiple new technologies. It can also utilize meat residues after imidazole dipeptide extraction for the production of protein peptides, which is economical and environmentally friendly and can simultaneously ensure the protein content, taste, freshness, molecular weight and other indicators of the two products. The molecular weight of the prepared imidazole dipeptide is between 200-300Da, and the molecular weight of the meat protein small molecule peptide is between 400-600Da. The most critical thing is that the technology utilizes by-products and waste materials of the meat food processing industry as raw materials to maximize the advantages of joint production, fully utilize resources, save a large amount of social resources, and reduce pollution to the environment, thus having great value in a conservation-oriented and environmentally friendly society.

[0030] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100 Imidazole Dipeptide Process S110: mincing, homogenizing, extracting, and resting the poultry by-products; collecting the supernatant A after settling; and performing secondary extraction on the sediment to obtain a secondary extract; S120 centrifuges the secondary extract to obtain a clear solution B and meat residue; S130: mixing the supernatant A and the supernatant B, purifying and concentrating them to obtain a concentrated solution A; S140: Filter and sterilize the concentrated solution A; S150 continuously flows and low-temperature atomizes and dries the sterilized concentrate A to obtain imidazole dipeptide dry powder; S200 meat protein small molecule peptide process S210 performs multi-stage directional composite enzymatic hydrolysis on the meat residue obtained in S120 to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; S220 removes the enzymatic hydrolyzate by carbon filtration to obtain a carbon filtrate; S230: filtering the carbon filtrate to obtain a clarified liquid; S240 purifies and concentrates the clarified liquid to obtain a concentrated liquid B; S250: Filter and sterilize the concentrated solution B; S260 continuously flows and low-temperature atomizes and dries the sterilized concentrated liquid B to obtain meat protein small molecule peptide dry powder.

2. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S110 specifically includes: S111: Crush the poultry by-products, pass through a 5-8mm sieve, add 2-3 times the volume of pure water, use a colloid mill to homogenize, then heat to 45-55°C and start the stirrer, stirring and extracting for 3-4 hours; S112: The mixture after stirring and extraction is allowed to stand, and the supernatant A after static sedimentation is released for use. Pure water 1.5-2 times the volume of the sediment is added to the extraction tank, and the temperature is raised to 40-45° C., the stirrer is turned on, and extraction is carried out for 1.5-2 hours to obtain a secondary extract.

3. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S210 specifically includes: S211 detects the dry matter content of the meat residue and adjusts the pH of the liquid to 7-8 and the temperature to 50-55°C; S212 adds 0.04-0.08% of the dry matter weight of the meat residue as a composite protease for composite shearing, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-6 hours.

4. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite protease is at least two of flavor protease, alkaline protease, neutral protease, papain and bromelain.

5. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, characterized in that: In step S220, 2%-3% composite activated carbon is added to the enzymatic hydrolysate and adsorbed at 60-70° C. for 0.5-1 h.

6. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S230, the carbon filtrate is pressurized to 3 kg and passed through a pressure pump into a plate-frame for filtration to obtain a clarified liquid.

7. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S130 and step S240 use nanofiltration equipment, and the BRIX value is 25.

8. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 7, characterized in that: In steps S140 and S250, the concentrated liquid A and the concentrated liquid B enter a filter equipped with a 0.22 μm polyethersulfone sterilization filter element for sterilization.

9. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet air temperature of the drying tower in step S150 and step S260 is 30-45°C, and the exhaust air temperature is 20-25°C.

10. The one-step co-production process of imidazole dipeptide and meat protein small molecule peptide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the imidazole dipeptide prepared in step S150 is 200-300 Da, and the meat protein small molecule peptide prepared in step S260 is 400-600 Da.

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