Assembly type structure and assembly method of urban open-cut tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a fabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel and an assembly method, and relates to the field of tunnel assembly.The fabricated structure comprises a bottom plate, two side walls and a middle partition wall, the two side walls are fixed to the two sides of the top end of the bottom plate respectively, and the middle partition wall is fixed to the middle of the top end of the bottom plate; a first simply-supported beam and a second simply-supported beam are fixed between the two side walls and the top end of the middle partition wall, the middle partition wall and the side walls all use regular hexagon prefabricated blocks with the telescopic extension length, all the wall bodies and the bottom plate are divided into a plurality of structure blocks prefabricated in advance, all parts can be standardized, the installation efficiency is improved, and the installation difficulty is reduced; according to the assembly type construction, prefabricated parts are prefabricated in factories, on-site assembly is achieved, on-site wet operation can be reduced, noise and dust pollution are reduced, and construction waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel assembly, and in particular to an assembled structure and an assembly method for an urban open-cut tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of urban populations, traffic congestion is becoming increasingly serious. To alleviate this traffic pressure, a large amount of transportation infrastructure, such as subways and urban tunnels, needs to be built quickly and efficiently. Traditional construction methods are unable to meet the construction speed and quality requirements, and open-cut tunnel prefabricated construction technology is urgently needed.

[0003] Secondly, the construction industry is moving towards industrialization and standardization, with prefabricated construction being a key example. This approach involves prefabricating building components in factories and then assembling them on-site, enabling large-scale production and standardized operations, improving production efficiency and quality control. Traditional open-cut tunnel construction generates significant noise, dust, and construction waste, significantly impacting the environment.

[0004] Existing urban open-cut tunnels are constructed by pouring cement and steel bars. Cement needs time to solidify and is affected by environmental humidity. The efficiency of construction needs to be improved, and the subsequent disassembly is more cumbersome.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an assembled structure and assembly method for urban open-cut tunnels to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an assembled structure and assembly method for an urban open-cut tunnel, so as to solve the problems that the existing urban open-cut tunnel is constructed by pouring cement and steel bars, the cement needs time to solidify, and is affected by the ambient humidity, the construction efficiency needs to be improved, and the later disassembly is relatively cumbersome.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an assembled structure for an urban open-cut tunnel, comprising a bottom plate, side walls, and a middle partition wall, wherein two side walls are provided, the two side walls being fixed to both sides of the top of the bottom plate, the middle partition wall being fixed to the middle of the top of the bottom plate, and a first simply supported beam and a second simply supported beam being fixed between the tops of the two side walls and the middle partition wall, respectively; The middle partition wall and the side wall are both made of regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks with retractable lengths, and a plurality of regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks are provided; The bottom plate includes a central block, side blocks are distributed on both sides of the central block, three standard blocks are connected between one side of the central block and the corresponding side blocks, and the standard blocks, central block and side blocks are of the same height.

[0008] Preferably, a first bevel is provided between one side of the center block and the corresponding standard block, a second bevel is provided between the side block and the standard block, the directions of the first bevel and the second bevel are opposite, and inclined openings corresponding to the first bevel and the second bevel are provided between two adjacent standard blocks respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a snapping tooth is provided at the top of the connection between two adjacent standard blocks, a first steel shaft is longitudinally provided at the middle of the top of the snapping tooth, the first steel shaft and the snapping tooth form a mortise and tenon connection, and a layer of UHPC is poured at the connection between the first steel shaft and the snapping tooth.

[0010] Preferably, the engaging teeth are 1 m long in the longitudinal direction and are embedded 50 cm into the adjacent standard blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the regular hexagonal prefabricated block includes two prefabricated steel plates, a gap is set between the two prefabricated steel plates, and a first sleeve is fixed on the opposite side of the two prefabricated steel plates, and a second steel shaft is telescopically set in the opposite end of the two first sleeves.

[0012] Preferably, seven first sleeves are provided on the corresponding prefabricated steel plate, and the seven first sleeves are respectively located at the intersection of the centroid of the prefabricated steel plate, the axis of symmetry and a circle with a radius of cm and the centroid as the center.

[0013] Preferably, the semi-hexagonal prefabricated block includes two semi-hexagonal steel plates, and five second sleeves are fixed on the opposite side of the two semi-hexagonal steel plates, three of which are arranged 10 cm above the bottom edge of the semi-hexagonal steel plate, and the positions of the remaining two second sleeves correspond to those of the first sleeves. The outer sides of the semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks and the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks are provided with 5 cm edging, and connection holes are reserved on the edging for on-site assembly. After the assembly is completed, steel fiber concrete is injected.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom ends of the side walls and the middle partition wall on opposite sides are fixed with prefabricated groove blocks, a groove is opened in the prefabricated groove, a cover plate is provided on the groove, and a reinforcing wing wall is fixed on one side of the groove.

[0015] Preferably, an enclosing mechanism is provided between the two prefabricated steel plates, and the enclosing mechanism includes two docking plates, and fixed plates are fixed to the outer sides of both ends of the two docking plates. A fixing bolt is provided between the two corresponding fixed plates, and cavities are opened inside the two docking plates. An injection hole is opened on the outer side of the docking plates, and the injection hole is connected to the corresponding cavity.

[0016] The present invention also discloses an assembly method for an urban open-cut tunnel, comprising the following steps: Step 1: After excavating the foundation pit, lay a 20cmC concrete cushion layer, level it, and then hoist the prefabricated center block and side blocks. Then hoist two standard blocks close to the center block and side blocks, and finally hoist the middle standard block to complete the splicing of the entire base plate. The second step is to lag the construction of the side walls and middle partition walls by 5-10 rings after the construction of the bottom plate. Assemble the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks in sequence from the bottom. Reserve bolt holes at the interfaces of the center block and the side blocks so that the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks can be connected and fixed with the center block and the side blocks through bolts. The construction length of each ring is consistent with the length of each ring of the bottom plate. After completing 2 rings, the steel fiber concrete filling wall can be poured. Step 3: The longitudinal width of the first simply supported beam and the second simply supported beam can be 1-2m. A slope is set at the upper right corner of the first simply supported beam. When assembling, the first simply supported beam is constructed first, and then the second simply supported beam. The first simply supported beam and the second simply supported beam are connected to the bottom plate and interlocking teeth are added.

[0017] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: By dividing each wall and base plate into multiple prefabricated structural blocks, each component can be standardized, installation efficiency can be improved, and installation difficulty can be reduced. Prefabricated construction prefabricates components in the factory and assembles them on site, which can reduce on-site wet work, reduce noise and dust pollution, and reduce the generation of construction waste. Prefabricated construction technology can improve material utilization and reduce waste. Components are produced in the factory, and the size and quality can be strictly controlled to fully utilize the material properties. Some prefabricated components can be reused, which is conducive to the sustainable use of resources. Inclined openings corresponding to the first and second grooves are respectively provided between two adjacent standard blocks. The interfaces between the center block, standard block and side blocks are designed as the first and second grooves, which can transmit bias pressure to the standard blocks. When the concentrated load of the middle partition wall is transferred to the center block, part of the bias pressure is offset. While facilitating splicing, it can reduce the pressure on each component and increase its service life. In the actual operation of the present invention, after the lengths of the two prefabricated steel plates are determined, the two docking plates can be relatively clamped on the second sleeve between the prefabricated steel plates to protect the first sleeve and the outside of the second steel shaft, thereby improving the connection strength of the telescopic area. At the same time, cement can be injected into the injection hole to fill the two docking plates. When multiple prefabricated steel plates are spliced ​​together to form a wall, the filled enclosing mechanisms will also come into contact with each other, thereby forming support, improving the stability and strength of the wall, and will not affect the efficiency of subsequent wall demolition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the urban open-cut tunnel of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a regular hexagonal prefabricated block according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first groove of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the engaging teeth and the first steel shaft of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated steel plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first sleeve of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a semi-hexagonal prefabricated block according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-hexagonal steel plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing plate and injection hole of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Bottom plate; 2. Side wall; 3. Middle partition wall; 4. First simply supported beam; 5. Standard block; 6. Center block; 7. Side block; 8. Ditch body precast block; 9. Groove; 10. Cover plate; 11. Reinforced wing wall; 12. Regular hexagonal precast block; 13. Semi-hexagonal precast block; 14. First groove; 15. Second groove; 16. Engaging teeth; 17. First steel axis; 18. UHPC grouting; 19. Precast steel plate; 20. First sleeve; 21. Semi-hexagonal steel plate; 22. Second sleeve; 23. Second steel axis; 24. Butt plate; 25. Fixing plate; 26. Injection hole; 27. Second simply supported beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides Figures 1 to 10 The assembled structure of an urban open-cut tunnel shown in the figure includes a base plate 1, side walls 2, and a middle partition wall 3. Two side walls 2 are provided, and the two side walls 2 are fixed to the top sides of the base plate 1. The middle partition wall 3 is fixed to the middle of the top of the base plate 1. A first simply supported beam 4 and a second simply supported beam 27 are respectively fixed between the tops of the two side walls 2 and the middle partition wall 3. The base plate 1 includes a central block 6, with side blocks 7 distributed on both sides of the central block 6. Three standard blocks 5 are connected between one side of the central block 6 and the corresponding side block 7. The standard blocks 5, central block 6 and side blocks 7 are of the same height. They are divided into multiple prefabricated standard blocks 5, central block 6 and side blocks 7, which can standardize the components, improve installation efficiency and reduce installation difficulty.

[0030] Prefabricated construction prefabricates components in the factory and assembles them on site, which can reduce wet work on site, reduce noise and dust pollution, and reduce the generation of construction waste, which is in line with the concept of green construction.

[0031] Prefabricated construction technology can improve material utilization and reduce waste. Components are produced in factories, and their size and quality can be strictly controlled to fully utilize the material properties. Some prefabricated components can be reused, which is conducive to the sustainable use of resources.

[0032] The middle partition wall 3 and the side wall 2 are both made of retractable and extendable regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks 12 and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks 13. There are multiple regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks 12 and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks 13, which can be easily connected.

[0033] A first groove 14 is provided between one side of the central block 6 and the corresponding standard block 5, and a second groove 15 is provided between the side block 7 and the standard block 5. The directions of the first groove 14 and the second groove 15 are opposite, and inclined openings corresponding to the first groove 14 and the second groove 15 are provided between two adjacent standard blocks 5, respectively. The interfaces between the central block 6, the standard block 5 and the side block 7 are designed as the first groove 14 and the second groove 15, so that the bias pressure can be transmitted to the standard block 5, and when the concentrated load of the middle partition wall 3 is transmitted to the central block 6, part of the bias pressure is offset. A snapping tooth 16 is provided at the top of the connection between two adjacent standard blocks 5, and a first steel shaft 17 is longitudinally provided in the middle of the top of the snapping tooth 16. The first steel shaft 17 and the snapping tooth 16 form a mortise and tenon connection. Compared with concrete, the first steel shaft can withstand stronger shear force. A layer of UHPC grouting 18 is poured at the connection between the first steel shaft 17 and the snapping tooth 16 to avoid cracking at the interface position, thereby protecting the first 17 steel shaft and strengthening it.

[0034] The engaging teeth 16 are 1 m long in the longitudinal direction and are embedded in the adjacent standard blocks 5 by 50 cm.

[0035] The regular hexagonal prefabricated block 12 includes two prefabricated steel plates 19 , with a gap set between the two prefabricated steel plates 19 , and first sleeves 20 are fixed to opposite sides of the two prefabricated steel plates 19 , and second steel shafts 23 are telescopically set in opposite ends of the two first sleeves 20 .

[0036] Seven first sleeves 20 are provided on the corresponding prefabricated steel plate 19 , and the seven first sleeves 20 are respectively located at the intersection of the centroid of the prefabricated steel plate 19 , the symmetry axis and a circle with a radius of 40 cm and the centroid as the center.

[0037] The semi-hexagonal prefabricated block 13 includes two semi-hexagonal steel plates 21, and five second sleeves 22 are fixed on the opposite side of the two semi-hexagonal steel plates 21. Three of the second sleeves 22 are set 10 cm above the bottom edge of the semi-hexagonal steel plate 21, and the positions of the remaining two second sleeves 22 and the first sleeve 20 correspond to each other. The outer side of the semi-hexagonal prefabricated block 13 and the regular hexagonal prefabricated block 12 is provided with a 5 cm edging, and connection holes are reserved on the edging for on-site assembly. After the assembly is completed, steel fiber concrete is injected to complete the construction of the side wall 2 and the middle partition wall 3.

[0038] A trench body prefabricated block 8 is fixed to the bottom end of the opposite side of the side wall 2 and the middle partition wall 3. A trench body prefabricated block 8 is provided with a trench 9, and a cover plate 10 is provided on the trench 9. A reinforcing wing wall 11 is fixed to one side of the interior of the trench 9 for enhancing the structural strength inside the trench body prefabricated block 8. A surrounding mechanism is provided between the prefabricated steel plates 19, and the surrounding mechanism includes two docking plates 24. A fixing plate 25 is fixed to the outer sides of both ends of the two docking plates 24, and a fixing bolt is provided between the two corresponding fixing plates 25. A cavity is provided inside the two docking plates 24, and an injection hole 26 is provided on the outer side of the docking plate 24. The injection hole 26 is connected to the corresponding interior of the cavity.

[0039] In the actual operation of the present invention, after the length of the two prefabricated steel plates 19 is determined, the two docking plates 24 can be relatively clamped on the second sleeve 22 between the prefabricated steel plates 19 to protect the first sleeve 20 and the outside of the second steel shaft 23, thereby improving the connection strength of the telescopic area. At the same time, cement can be injected into the inside of the injection hole 26 to fill the two docking plates 24. When multiple prefabricated steel plates 19 are spliced ​​together to form a wall, the filled enclosing mechanisms will also come into contact with each other, thereby forming support, improving the stability and strength of the wall, and will not affect the efficiency of subsequent wall demolition.

[0040] An assembly method for an urban open-cut tunnel comprises the following steps: S1. After excavating the foundation pit, lay a 20cmC20 concrete cushion layer, level it, and then hoist the prefabricated center block 6 and side block 7. Then hoist two standard blocks 5 close to the center block 6 and side block 7. Finally, hoist the middle standard block 5 and complete the splicing of the entire bottom plate 1. S2. The construction of the side wall 2 and the middle partition wall 3 lags behind the construction of the bottom plate 1 by 5-10 rings. From the bottom, assemble the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks 12 and the semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks 13 in sequence. Bolt holes are reserved at the interfaces of the center block 6 and the side block 7 so that the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks 12 and the semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks 13 can be connected and fixed with the center block 6 and the side block 7 by bolts. The construction length of each ring is consistent with the length of each ring of the bottom plate 1. After completing 2 rings, the steel fiber concrete filling wall can be poured. The longitudinal width of S3, the first simply supported beam 4 and the second simply supported beam 27 can be 1-2m. A groove is set at the upper right corner of the first simply supported beam 4. When assembling, the first simply supported beam 4 is constructed first, and then the second simply supported beam 27 is constructed. The first simply supported beam 4 and the second simply supported beam 27 are connected to the bottom plate 1, and an engaging tooth 16 is added.

[0041] S4. After the main structure is completed, the trench body prefabricated blocks 8 are installed at the corners of the side walls 2 and the middle partition wall 3. Bolt holes can be reserved on the bottom plate 1 at the preset position so that the trench body prefabricated blocks 8 are connected to the bottom plate 1 through bolts. Steel supports can be added as needed, and finally the cover plate 10 is covered to complete the overall installation.

Claims

1. An assembled structure for an urban open-cut tunnel, comprising a base plate (1), side walls (2) and a middle partition wall (3), characterized in that: Two side walls (2) are provided, and the two side walls (2) are respectively fixed to both sides of the top of the bottom plate (1); the middle partition wall (3) is fixed to the middle of the top of the bottom plate (1); a first simply supported beam (4) and a second simply supported beam (27) are respectively fixed between the tops of the two side walls (2) and the middle partition wall (3); The middle partition wall (3) and the side wall (2) are both formed by splicing regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks (12) and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks (13) with retractable and extendable lengths, and a plurality of regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks (12) and semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks (13) are provided; The bottom plate (1) comprises a central block (6), side blocks (7) are distributed on both sides of the central block (6), three standard blocks (5) are connected between one side of the central block (6) and the corresponding side blocks (7), and the standard blocks (5), the central block (6) and the side blocks (7) are of the same height.

2. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first bevel (14) is provided between one side of the central block (6) and the corresponding standard block (5), and a second bevel (15) is provided between the side block (7) and the standard block (5). The first bevel (14) and the second bevel (15) are in opposite directions, and inclined openings corresponding to the first bevel (14) and the second bevel (15) are provided between two adjacent standard blocks (5).

3. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A snapping tooth (16) is provided at the top of the connection between two adjacent standard blocks (5), a first steel shaft (17) is longitudinally provided at the middle of the top of the snapping tooth (16), the first steel shaft (17) and the snapping tooth (16) form a mortise and tenon type connection, and a layer of UHPC grouting (18) is poured at the connection between the first steel shaft (17) and the snapping tooth (16).

4. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The engaging teeth (16) are 1 m long in the longitudinal direction and are embedded 50 cm into the adjacent standard block (5).

5. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regular hexagonal prefabricated block (12) comprises two prefabricated steel plates (19), a spacing being provided between the two prefabricated steel plates (19), and first sleeves (20) being fixed to opposite sides of the two prefabricated steel plates (19), and second steel shafts (23) being telescopically provided in opposite ends of the two first sleeves (20).

6. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: Seven first sleeves (20) are provided on the corresponding prefabricated steel plate (19), and the seven first sleeves (20) are respectively located at the intersection of the centroid of the prefabricated steel plate (19), the axis of symmetry, and a circle with a radius of 40 cm and the centroid as the center.

7. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The semi-hexagonal prefabricated block (13) comprises two semi-hexagonal steel plates (21), and five second sleeves (22) are fixed on opposite sides of the two semi-hexagonal steel plates (21), wherein three of the second sleeves (22) are arranged 10 cm above the bottom edge of the semi-hexagonal steel plate (21), and the remaining two second sleeves (22) correspond to the positions of the first sleeves (20). The outer sides of the semi-hexagonal prefabricated block (13) and the regular hexagonal prefabricated block (12) are provided with 5 cm edging, and connection holes are reserved on the edging for on-site assembly. After the assembly is completed, steel fiber concrete is injected.

8. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove body prefabricated block (8) is fixed to the bottom end of each of the opposite sides of the side wall (2) and the middle partition wall (3), a groove (9) is provided in the groove body prefabricated block (8), a cover plate (10) is provided on the groove (9), and a reinforcing wing wall (11) is fixed to one side of the groove (9).

9. The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: An enclosing mechanism is provided between the two prefabricated steel plates (19), the enclosing mechanism comprising two butt joint plates (24), fixing plates (25) being fixed to the outer sides of both ends of the two butt joint plates (24), fixing bolts being provided between the two corresponding fixing plates (25), cavities being provided inside the two butt joint plates (24), injection holes (26) being provided on the outer sides of the butt joint plates (24), and the injection holes (26) being communicated with the inner sides of the corresponding cavities.

10. An assembly method for an urban open-cut tunnel, characterized by: The prefabricated structure of an urban open-cut tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9 further comprises the following steps: S1, after excavating the foundation pit, laying a 20 cm C20 concrete cushion layer, leveling it, and hoisting the prefabricated center block (6) and side blocks (7), then hoisting two standard blocks (5) close to the center block (6) and the side blocks (7), and finally hoisting the middle standard block (5), and completing the splicing of the entire bottom plate (1); S2, the construction of the side wall (2) and the middle partition wall (3) lags behind the construction of the bottom plate (1) by 5-10 rings, and the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks (12) and the semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks (13) are assembled sequentially from the bottom, and bolt holes are reserved at the interfaces of the center block (6) and the side block (7) so that the regular hexagonal prefabricated blocks (12) and the semi-hexagonal prefabricated blocks (13) can be connected and fixed with the center block (6) and the side block (7) by bolts. The construction length of each ring is consistent with the length of each ring of the bottom plate (1). After completing 2 rings, the steel fiber concrete filling wall can be poured; S3, the longitudinal width of the first simply supported beam (4) and the second simply supported beam (27) can be 1-2m, and a groove is set at the upper right corner of the first simply supported beam (4). When assembling, the first simply supported beam (4) is constructed first, and then the second simply supported beam (27) is constructed. The first simply supported beam (4) and the second simply supported beam (27) are connected to the bottom plate (1) and an engaging tooth (16) is added.

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