Comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of cultural and cultural insurance building
Through the comprehensive construction method of in-situ jacking of cultural relics buildings and reverse underground development, combined with hydraulic lifting and reverse construction, the damage to cultural relics buildings and the impact on the surrounding environment caused by traditional translation methods were solved, the safe lifting of cultural relics buildings and the efficient development of underground space were achieved, and land utilization and construction efficiency were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511052194.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
Traditional translation methods cause irreversible damage to cultural relics buildings and occupy additional space, affecting the surrounding environment, leading to complex construction and increased costs. How can we efficiently develop underground space while protecting cultural relics buildings?
A comprehensive construction method of in-situ jacking of cultural heritage buildings and reverse underground development was adopted, including the demolition of internal structures, the construction of hydraulic lifting systems, clamping wall systems and B0 plate structures, combined with PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology to ensure the safe and smooth lifting and lowering of the building, and the basement structure was completed in combination with reverse construction.
It achieves the in-situ protection of cultural relics buildings, avoids the damage caused by traditional translation methods, improves land utilization, shortens construction period and reduces costs, while ensuring construction safety and structural stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120666789A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to a comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building. Background Art
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing scarcity of urban land resources, the demand for the development and utilization of underground space is growing. Many cultural relics protection cities have a large number of cultural relics buildings with historical and cultural value. These buildings not only have important aesthetic, architectural and historical commemorative significance, but are also often located in the central areas of the city with high land value. How to effectively develop underground space while protecting cultural relics buildings has become an important issue in urban renewal.
[0003] The traditional approach is to move the building horizontally and then develop underground space on the original site. However, this approach may cause damage to the building itself and impact the surrounding environment. In the process of moving the building, irreversible damage may be caused to the building's structure. This is especially true for historical cultural relics. The fragility and peculiarities of their structures make the movement process even more risky. In addition, moving the building requires occupying additional land for the development of underground space, which not only increases the cost of the project but also makes the construction process more complicated. During the movement process, the stability and safety of the building, as well as the impact on the surrounding environment, such as traffic, noise, vibration, etc., must also be considered. Therefore, a safer, more efficient, and more environmentally friendly technical solution is needed to protect the cultural relics while realizing the development and utilization of underground space. Therefore, it is urgent to design a comprehensive construction method for in-situ lifting of cultural relics buildings and reverse underground development to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of cultural relics buildings, so as to solve the problem of damage to cultural relics buildings and impact on the surrounding environment caused by the traditional translation method proposed in the above background technology, and to improve land utilization rate.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building, comprising the following steps:
[0006] Step 1: Preparation
[0007] (1) The internal structure of the cultural heritage building shall be demolished, the exterior walls and roof shall be retained, and immediate reinforcement shall be carried out, including steel structure support and wall reinforcement and plastering.
[0008] (2) Construct temporary piles and engineering piles indoors in cultural relics protection buildings, and use small pile drivers to carry out pile foundation construction in confined spaces.
[0009] Step 2: Improvement phase
[0010] (3) Construction hoisting system, including wall clamping system and wall lifting system, uses hydraulic lifting system to lift the cultural heritage building to the target height. The lifting height is 1.6 meters and the lowering height is 0.8 meters. PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology is used to ensure the safety and stability of the wall.
[0011] Step 3: Reverse construction stage
[0012] (4) After the lifting is completed, the B0 plate structure is constructed, including excavation to 2-3 meters below B0, pouring the cushion layer, hoisting the steel columns to the designed position and reinforcing them, constructing steel bars and formwork, and pouring concrete to the designed strength.
[0013] (5) Excavation is carried out below the B0 plate, and multiple excavators are used to excavate the soil in a connected manner to solve the problem of long-distance excavation efficiency. The basement structure is constructed, including the construction of the B1 layer and the hoisting of the upper structure.
[0014] (6) After the basement structure is completed, the cultural relics building is lowered back to the basement roof and restored to its original position. The above steps include quality control methods
[0015] (7) Real-time monitoring and quality inspection are carried out during the construction process, including the use of a laser inclinometer feedback system to control the verticality of the lattice columns, real-time monitoring of the angular deviation between the axis of the steel column and the plumb line, and dynamic adjustment through the background control system.
[0016] Preferably, the wall clamping system is used to clamp the outer wall of the cultural heritage building and provide horizontal support. The wall lifting system lifts the cultural heritage building as a whole to the target height through pre-buried high-strength steel bars and hydraulic jacks. The hydraulic lifting system includes multi-point synchronously controlled hydraulic jacks and reaction steel beams.
[0017] Preferably, the construction of the B0 plate structure includes, after the lifting is completed, excavating the earth to the designed elevation and pouring the cushion layer, laying the positioning line, hoisting the steel column bracket to be embedded to the designed position and temporarily reinforcing it, constructing steel bars and formwork, fine-tuning and finally reinforcing the steel column, and finally pouring concrete.
[0018] Preferably, in the reverse construction method, the construction sequence of the basement structure is excavation to the designed elevation, pouring the cushion layer and constructing the beam and column structure, hoisting the superstructure and connecting it, and removing the formwork after completing the structural strength.
[0019] Preferably, the lifting height of the cultural heritage building is 1.6 meters, and the lowering height is 0.8 meters. The lifting and lowering processes adopt PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology to ensure the safety and stability of the wall.
[0020] Preferably, the earth excavation adopts a long-distance excavation scheme, and the excavation is carried out by connecting multiple excavators.
[0021] Preferably, the exterior wall reinforcement of the cultural heritage building includes supporting the door and window openings with steel "X" braces or filling them with bricks, adding corrugated steel plates to weathered and damaged walls and fixing them with transverse wall-clamping steel beams, and adding triangular truss supports to the roof, which are fixed to the truss beams on the top of the partition columns.
[0022] Preferably, the verticality control of the lattice column adopts a laser inclinometer feedback system to monitor the angular deviation between the axis of the steel column and the plumb line in real time, and dynamically adjust it through the background control system.
[0023] Preferably, the embedded installation of the steel column includes placing the exact position of the steel column on the cushion layer, lifting the steel column to the top of the embedded position through the I-beam lifting point welded on the lattice column, accurately adjusting the position and elevation of the steel column and reinforcing it in place.
[0024] Preferably, in the reverse construction method, the forward construction of the wall columns of the basement structure includes, after the base plate construction is completed, constructing the structural columns in order from bottom to top, setting construction joints in the column construction sections, and connecting the steel bars through sleeves. After the construction of all the structural columns is completed and the design strength is reached, the temporary structure is dismantled.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0026] 1. This construction method, through the organic combination of in-situ lifting and reverse construction, successfully achieved the efficient development of underground space while protecting the cultural relics in situ. Through the hydraulic synchronous jacking system, it avoided the irreversible damage to the building body that might be caused by the traditional translation method, and completely preserved the facade and original style of the historical building. Without damaging the cultural relics building and the surrounding environment, it improved the utilization rate of the land.
[0027] 2. This construction method, while ensuring the safety of cultural relics, efficiently completed the development of the double-layer underground space through reverse construction and precise verticality control technology, significantly improving land utilization. The application of real-time monitoring and hydraulic self-locking systems ensured zero accidents during the lifting and lowering processes, ensuring construction safety and structural stability. At the same time, the reverse construction method reduced the construction time of the support structure, and the overall construction period was shortened by about 20% compared with traditional methods, achieving construction period optimization and cost control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 The operation flow chart of the overall structure of the present invention
[0029] Figure 2 A detailed flow chart of the preparation stage of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 It is a detailed flow chart of the upgrading stage of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of the reverse construction phase of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 5 Detailed flow chart of the quality control method of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 6 The figure is a flow chart of the wall falling back operation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0035] See also Figure 1-6 , an embodiment provided by the present invention:
[0036] A comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building comprises the following steps:
[0037] Step 1: Preparation
[0038] (1) The internal structure of the cultural heritage building is demolished, the external walls and roof are retained, and immediate reinforcement is carried out, including steel structure support and wall reinforcement and plastering, to ensure that the facade and roof of the building can remain in their original state during the subsequent construction process, avoiding damage to the external wall when the internal structure is demolished. At the same time, the reinforcement measures can enhance the overall stability of the building and provide safety for subsequent jacking and reverse construction.
[0039] (2) Temporary piles and engineering piles are constructed indoors in cultural relics buildings. Small pile drivers are used to construct pile foundations in confined spaces. Due to the limited space inside cultural relics buildings, traditional pile foundation construction equipment cannot be used. Therefore, small pile drivers are needed for construction. Temporary piles are used to support the lifting system, and engineering piles are the foundation of the basement structure.
[0040] Step 2: Improvement phase
[0041] (3) Construction of the lifting system, including the wall clamping system and the wall lifting system. The hydraulic lifting system will lift the cultural heritage building to the target height. The lifting height is 1.6 meters and the return height is 0.8 meters. The PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology is used to ensure the safety and stability of the wall. The construction of the lifting system requires precise control to ensure the safety of the building. The PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology can realize the synchronous control of multiple hydraulic jacks, thereby ensuring the stability of the lifting process.
[0042] Step 3: Reverse construction stage
[0043] (4) After the lifting is completed, the B0 plate structure is constructed, including excavation to 2-3 meters below B0, pouring the cushion layer, hoisting the steel column to the designed position and reinforcing it, constructing steel bars and formwork, and pouring concrete to the designed strength. The B0 plate is the top plate of the basement structure, and its construction quality directly affects the stability of the entire basement. Therefore, during the construction process, it is necessary to strictly control the depth of earth excavation and the thickness of the cushion layer to ensure the installation accuracy of the steel column and the construction quality of the steel bars and formwork.
[0044] (5) Excavation is carried out below the B0 plate, and multiple excavators are used to excavate the earth in a connected manner to solve the problem of long-distance excavation efficiency. The basement structure is constructed, including the construction of the B1 layer and the hoisting of the upper structure. Excavation is a key link in the reverse construction method, and the excavation sequence and excavation method need to be reasonably planned to ensure construction efficiency and safety.
[0045] (6) After the basement structure is completed, the cultural relic building will be lowered back to the basement roof and restored to its original position. This step requires precise control to ensure the safety of the building. During the lowering process, PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology is required to ensure the smoothness of the lowering process.
[0046] Construction quality control methods include real-time monitoring and quality inspection during the construction process, including the use of a laser inclinometer feedback system to control the verticality of lattice columns, real-time monitoring of the angular deviation between the axis of the steel column and the plumb line, and dynamic adjustment through the background control system. Quality control is an important link in the entire construction process and can ensure that the construction quality meets the design requirements.
[0047] Furthermore, the wall clamping system is used to clamp the outer wall of the cultural heritage building and provide horizontal support. The wall lifting system lifts the cultural heritage building as a whole to the target height through pre-embedded high-strength steel bars and hydraulic jacks. The hydraulic lifting system includes hydraulic jacks and reaction steel beams with multi-point synchronous control. The wall clamping system consists of a clamping device, a supporting structure and connecting parts. The clamping device is fixed to the outer wall through high-strength steel bars or connecting parts pre-embedded in the wall, and the supporting structure is connected to the lifting system through hydraulic jacks to form an overall lifting frame. In actual construction, the installation of the wall clamping system requires precise measurement and positioning to ensure that the clamping force is evenly distributed to avoid unnecessary stress or damage to the outer wall of the building. The core of the wall lifting system is the hydraulic jack, which transmits the lifting force to the outer wall and structure of the building through connection with the pre-embedded steel bars. In order to ensure the smoothness and safety of the lifting process, the wall lifting system adopts multi-point synchronous control technology, and monitors and adjusts the lifting speed and pressure of each jack in real time through the PLC control system to ensure that the building will not tilt or shake during the lifting process.
[0048] Furthermore, the construction of the B0 slab structure includes excavating the earth to the design elevation and pouring a cushion layer after the lifting is completed, laying positioning lines, hoisting the steel column corbels to be embedded to the design position and temporarily reinforcing them, constructing steel bars and formwork, fine-tuning and finally reinforcing the steel columns, and finally pouring concrete. First, after the lifting is completed, the earth needs to be excavated to the design elevation and a cushion layer is poured to provide a flat and stable construction foundation. Next, the steel columns are hoisted to the design position by hoisting equipment, and precise positioning and reinforcement are performed to ensure the verticality and stability of the steel columns. Subsequently, the steel bars and formwork are constructed, the steel bars are tied according to the requirements of the design drawings, and the formwork is installed. Finally, the concrete is poured to ensure that the strength and density of the concrete meet the design requirements.
[0049] Furthermore, in the reverse construction method, during the construction of the basement structure, the earth needs to be excavated to the design elevation first, and a cushion layer needs to be poured to provide a stable construction base. Subsequently, the beam-column structure is constructed, including steel bar binding, formwork installation and concrete pouring. After the beam-column structure is completed, the upper structure needs to be hoisted and connected with the constructed part to form an overall structural system. Finally, after the structure reaches the design strength, the formwork is removed to complete the construction of the basement structure.
[0050] Furthermore, the lifting height and lowering height of the cultural heritage building are determined according to the specific engineering requirements and building structure characteristics. During the lifting process, the building needs to be lifted as a whole to a height of 1.6 meters to free up enough space for the development of the underground space. After the construction of the underground space is completed, the building needs to be lowered to a height of 0.8 meters to restore its original position and function. The entire lifting and lowering process adopts PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology. By real-time monitoring and adjustment of the lifting speed and pressure of each hydraulic jack, it ensures that the building remains stable and safe during the lifting and lowering process. In addition, the system is also equipped with a variety of safety protection devices, such as overload protection, power-off protection, etc., to further improve the safety of construction.
[0051] Furthermore, earth excavation adopts a long-distance excavation plan, which uses multiple excavators to relay excavation. Due to site limitations, traditional excavation methods may not be able to meet construction needs. Therefore, a long-distance excavation plan is adopted, which uses multiple excavators to relay excavation. In actual construction, it is necessary to reasonably plan the excavation route and equipment layout to ensure excavation efficiency and construction safety.
[0052] Furthermore, the reinforcement of the exterior walls of cultural relics buildings is a complex process that requires comprehensive consideration of the structural characteristics and historical value of the building. During the reinforcement process, the door and window openings need to be reinforced first, usually by using steel structure "X" support or brick filling to improve the stability and shear resistance of the openings. For weathered and damaged walls, corrugated steel plates need to be added and fixed with transverse wall-clamping steel beams to enhance the integrity and bending resistance of the walls. In addition, the roof also needs to be reinforced, usually by adding triangular truss supports and fixing them to the truss beams on the top of the partition columns to improve the bearing capacity and stability of the roof. During the entire reinforcement process, relevant regulations on cultural relics protection need to be strictly observed to ensure that the reinforcement measures will not have a negative impact on the appearance and historical value of the building.
[0053] Furthermore, controlling the verticality of lattice columns is an important task in the construction process, which is directly related to the stability and safety of the entire structure. In order to ensure that the verticality of the lattice columns meets the design requirements, a laser inclinometer feedback system is adopted. The system monitors the angular deviation between the axis of the steel column and the plumb line in real time, and transmits the data to the background control system to dynamically adjust the verticality of the lattice columns. In actual construction, it is necessary to calibrate the laser inclinometer regularly and ensure the stable operation of the background control system to improve the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring and adjustment. In addition, corresponding measures need to be taken, such as strengthening support, optimizing construction sequence, etc., to reduce the impact of external factors on the verticality of the lattice columns.
[0054] Furthermore, the pre-embedded installation of steel columns is a key link in the reverse construction method, and its construction quality directly affects the stability and safety of the entire structure. During the construction process, the pre-embedded position of the steel columns is usually below the basement top plate elevation. The specific position needs to be determined according to the design and construction requirements of the basement structure. After the cushion layer construction is completed, the pre-embedded position of the steel columns will be accurately marked on the cushion layer to ensure the installation accuracy of the steel columns during the lifting stage. After the steel columns are placed in the marked positions, preliminary reinforcement is carried out to ensure that the steel columns will not be displaced or tilted during the subsequent construction process. The reinforcement of pre-embedded steel columns usually includes the use of temporary supports, welding fixation or other connection methods. The choice of reinforcement measures needs to be determined according to the type, size and construction conditions of the steel columns. After the steel columns are pre-embedded, measuring tools and equipment are used to accurately adjust the position and elevation of the steel columns to ensure that the installation accuracy of the steel columns meets the design requirements. Jacks, support frames and other equipment are needed to assist in the adjustment process. After the precise adjustment is completed, the steel columns are finally reinforced to ensure that they will not move during the subsequent construction process.
[0055] Furthermore, the sequential construction of walls and columns in the reverse construction method is a bottom-up construction method, which is suitable for the construction of basement structures. After the construction of the base plate is completed, the structural columns need to be constructed in a bottom-up order. During the construction process, construction joints need to be set in the column construction section, and the steel bars need to be connected through sleeves to ensure the continuity and integrity of the structure. After the construction of all structural columns is completed, the structural strength needs to be tested to ensure that it meets the design requirements before the temporary structure can be dismantled. During the entire construction process, the construction sequence and quality need to be strictly controlled to ensure the stability and safety of the structure. In addition, corresponding measures need to be taken, such as strengthening support and optimizing construction technology.
[0056] Working Principle: During the preparation phase, the internal structure of the cultural heritage building is demolished, leaving only the exterior walls and roof. To ensure the stability of the building during subsequent construction, it is immediately reinforced, using steel structure support and wall reinforcement and plastering to enhance the overall stability of the building. After the reinforcement of the cultural heritage building is completed, temporary piles and engineering piles are constructed indoors. Due to limited indoor space, a small pile driver is used for the operation. These piles will provide basic support for the subsequent lifting of the cultural heritage building and the construction of the basement structure. During the lifting phase, pre-buried high-strength steel bars and hydraulic jacks are used to clamp the exterior walls, providing horizontal support for the cultural heritage building and preventing horizontal displacement of the walls during the lifting process. Multi-point synchronously controlled hydraulic jacks and reaction steel beams are used to lift the entire cultural heritage building to a height of 1.6 meters. During this process, PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology is used to precisely control the movements of each jack, ensuring a smooth lifting process and preventing damage to the wall. After the reverse construction method begins, the B0 plate structure is constructed first, excavating the earth to 2-3 meters below B0, followed by pouring the cushion layer. After the cushion layer is completed, the embedded steel columns are hoisted to the B1 position, and the reinforcement and formwork are constructed simultaneously. Finally, concrete is poured to the B1 elevation. After the concrete reaches the designed strength, and the B0 plate structure is completed and the concrete reaches a certain strength, the cultural heritage building is lowered back to the B0 plate at a height of 0.8 meters to ensure that the building and the basement structure can be accurately connected. After the cultural heritage building is lowered, the earthwork below the B0 plate is excavated. To efficiently solve the problem of long-distance excavation, multiple excavators are used for excavation. After the excavation is completed, the B1 layer structure is constructed in sequence, excavating to the bottom slab cushion layer, and then the bottom slab is constructed. After the bottom slab construction is completed, the structural wall and column construction is carried out, and then the superstructure is hoisted and the structural connection is completed. After the superstructure connection is completed, the overall structural strength is fully inspected. If the inspection results are qualified, the temporary structural system (beams, lattice columns) is removed; if the inspection results are unqualified, the structure is reinforced and inspected again after reinforcement until the structural strength meets the requirements. After the temporary structural system is removed, the reverse construction method is completed.
[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.
Claims
1. A comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of cultural heritage buildings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Preparation (1) The internal structure of the cultural heritage building shall be demolished, the exterior walls and roof shall be retained, and immediate reinforcement shall be carried out, including steel structure support and wall reinforcement and plastering. (2) Construct temporary piles and engineering piles indoors in cultural relics protection buildings, and use small pile drivers to carry out pile foundation construction in confined spaces. Step 2: Improvement phase (3) Construction hoisting system, including wall clamping system and wall lifting system, uses hydraulic lifting system to lift the cultural heritage building to the target height. The lifting height is 1.6 meters and the lowering height is 0.8 meters. PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology is used to ensure the safety and stability of the wall. Step 3: Reverse construction stage (4) After the lifting is completed, the B0 plate structure is constructed, including excavation to 2-3 meters below B0, pouring the cushion layer, hoisting the steel columns to the designed position and reinforcing them, constructing steel bars and formwork, and pouring concrete to the designed strength. (5) Excavation is carried out below the B0 plate, and multiple excavators are used to excavate the soil in a connected manner to solve the problem of long-distance excavation efficiency. The basement structure is constructed, including the construction of the B1 layer and the hoisting of the upper structure. (6) After the basement structure is completed, the cultural heritage building will be lowered back to the basement roof and restored to its original position. The above steps include quality control methods (7) Real-time monitoring and quality inspection are carried out during the construction process, including the use of a laser inclinometer feedback system to control the verticality of the lattice columns, real-time monitoring of the angular deviation between the axis of the steel column and the plumb line, and dynamic adjustment through the background control system.
2. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall clamping system is used to clamp the outer wall of the cultural heritage building and provide horizontal support. The wall lifting system lifts the cultural heritage building as a whole to the target height through pre-buried high-strength steel bars and hydraulic jacks. The hydraulic lifting system includes hydraulic jacks and reaction steel beams with multi-point synchronous control.
3. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1 is characterized by: The construction of the B0 slab structure includes, after the lifting is completed, excavating the earth to the designed elevation and pouring the cushion layer, laying the positioning line, hoisting the steel column bracket to be embedded to the designed position and temporarily reinforcing it, constructing steel bars and formwork, fine-tuning and finally reinforcing the steel columns, and finally pouring concrete.
4. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the reverse construction method, the construction sequence of the basement structure is to excavate the earth to the designed elevation, pour the cushion layer and construct the beam and column structure, hoist the superstructure and connect it, and remove the formwork after the structural strength is completed.
5. The comprehensive construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lifting height of the cultural heritage building is 1.6 meters, and the lowering height is 0.8 meters. The lifting and lowering process adopts PLC multi-point hydraulic synchronous control technology to ensure the safety and stability of the wall.
6. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The earth excavation adopts a long-distance excavation plan, and the excavation is carried out by connecting multiple excavators.
7. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exterior wall reinforcement of the cultural heritage building includes supporting the door and window openings with steel "X" braces or filling them with bricks, adding corrugated steel plates to weathered and damaged walls and fixing them with transverse wall-clamping steel beams, and adding triangular truss supports to the roof, which are fixed to the truss beams at the top of the partition columns.
8. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1 is characterized by: The verticality control of the lattice column adopts a laser inclinometer feedback system to monitor the angular deviation between the axis of the steel column and the plumb line in real time, and dynamically adjust it through the background control system.
9. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded installation of the steel column includes placing the exact position of the steel column on the cushion layer, lifting the steel column to the top of the embedded position through the I-beam lifting point welded on the lattice column, accurately adjusting the position and elevation of the steel column and reinforcing it in place.
10. The integrated construction method for in-situ jacking and reverse underground development of a cultural heritage building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the reverse construction method, the forward construction of the walls and columns of the basement structure includes, after the base plate construction is completed, constructing the structural columns in order from bottom to top, setting construction joints in the column construction sections, and connecting the steel bars through sleeves. After the construction of all structural columns and wall panels is completed and the design strength is reached, the temporary structure is dismantled.