Modularized prestressed space grid structure and rapid assembly method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, and discloses a modular prestressed space grid structure and a rapid assembly method thereof.The modular prestressed space grid structure comprises a plurality of X-direction curved surface type trusses and a plurality of Y-direction plane type trusses which are mutually orthogonal to form the space grid structure; each X-direction curved surface type truss and each Y-direction plane type truss are each composed of a prefabricated modular structure, a plurality of upper connecting nodes and a plurality of lower chord members, the tops of every two adjacent prefabricated modular structures are connected through two upper connecting nodes, and the bottoms of every two adjacent prefabricated modular structures are connected with the two ends of the corresponding lower chord member respectively. According to the invention, the truss is formed by a plurality of X-direction curved surface type trusses and a plurality of Y-direction plane type trusses which are mutually orthogonal, loads can be effectively transmitted in two directions, and the X-direction curved surface type trusses are curved surface type net racks and have good space stress performance; and the upper limiting sealing cylinder and the lower limiting sealing cylinder can be used for locking and sealing the fixedly assembled upper abutting nut and bolt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a modular prestressed space grid structure and a rapid assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern construction projects, the demand for large-span spatial structures is growing. For example, buildings such as stadiums, exhibition halls, and large warehouses require structures that can provide open, column-free spaces. However, traditional spatial structures, such as trusses and grid structures, have certain limitations when meeting large-span requirements, such as large material consumption, heavy structural weight, and long construction periods. As a new type of spatial structural system, prestressed spatial grid structures effectively improve the stress-bearing performance of grid structures and reduce project costs by combining prestressing technology with spatial grid structures.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese invention patent publication number CN110905075A, which discloses a prestressed spatial grid structure comprising an upper chord layer, a lower chord layer, and a web layer. The lower chord layer has several supports distributed evenly along its edge, each equipped with a connecting ball. Each support is attached to a connecting column, with the end of the column, away from the ball, welded to the lower chord layer. Several jacks are embedded in the top surface of the wall, with the supports welded to the top rods of the jacks. Pressure sensors are located at the lower ends of the jacks, and a drive assembly is installed on the wall. Compared to existing technologies, this Chinese invention patent publication number CN110905075A achieves the effect of automatically adjusting the spatial grid to a horizontal position to ensure uniform stress distribution.

[0004] However, in the actual application of the above-mentioned prestressed spatial grid structure, the plane grid adopted has lower stiffness than the curved grid, and is prone to large deformation when resisting horizontal and vertical loads, thereby limiting its application in large-span structures. In addition, the connection nodes adopted are either fixed welded or bolted assembly. The fixed welded connection nodes will affect subsequent maintenance and replacement, and the bolted assembly connection nodes will loosen or slip after being subjected to dynamic loads or complex stress states for a long time, thereby reducing the structural stiffness. For this reason, we propose a modular prestressed spatial grid structure and a rapid assembly method thereof that can improve structural stiffness and reduce structural deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems solved

[0006] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a modular prestressed spatial grid structure and a rapid assembly method thereof, which solves the problems of low rigidity of existing planar grids and easy loosening or slipping at connection nodes.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a modular prestressed spatial grid structure, comprising a plurality of X-direction curved trusses and a plurality of Y-direction flat trusses that are orthogonal to each other to form a spatial grid structure, each of the X-direction curved trusses and each Y-direction flat truss being composed of a plurality of standardized prefabricated modular structures, a plurality of upper connection nodes, and a plurality of lower chords, the tops of two adjacent prefabricated modular structures being connected by two upper connection nodes, and the bottoms of two adjacent prefabricated modular structures being connected to the two ends of the lower chord, respectively, and each of the prefabricated modular structures comprising two mutually parallel upper chords, a lower connection node located at the bottom, and four diagonal web members connected to the outside of the lower connection node;

[0009] Both ends of each X-curved truss are provided with mounting supports fixedly connected to the two upper connection nodes, a first steel cable turning seat and a second steel cable turning seat are provided below each X-curved truss, both ends of each X-curved truss are provided with steel cable fixing seats, and a prestressed steel cable is provided inside each X-curved truss, passing through the first steel cable turning seat, the second steel cable turning seat and fixedly connected to the steel cable fixing seat;

[0010] Each of the X-direction curved trusses is connected to each of the Y-direction flat trusses via two lower connecting rods and two upper connecting rods.

[0011] Preferably, the upper chord and the lower chord included in each of the X-direction curved trusses are transverse curved rods, and the upper chord and the lower chord included in each of the Y-direction flat trusses are longitudinal straight rods;

[0012] The transverse curved rod has good spatial force performance and can effectively transfer the load to the mounting support and the foundation.

[0013] Preferably, the two lower connecting rods are respectively located at the two ends of the corresponding Y-direction plane truss, the two upper connecting rods are located at one end of the corresponding Y-direction plane truss, the two ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively connected to a lower connecting node in the corresponding X-direction curved surface truss and a lower connecting node in the corresponding Y-direction plane truss, and the two ends of the two upper connecting rods are respectively connected to two upper connecting nodes in the corresponding X-direction curved surface truss;

[0014] The bidirectional X-direction curved trusses and each Y-direction flat truss are intersected and connected, so that the structure can effectively transfer loads in two directions and form a spatial force system.

[0015] Preferably, each of the first steel cable turning seats is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding lower connection node, each of the second steel cable turning seats is rotatably connected to the outside of a corresponding upper connecting rod, and each of the mounting brackets and each steel cable fixing seat is installed on the top of the foundation;

[0016] The prestressed steel cable passes through the first steel cable turning seat and the second steel cable turning seat and is tightened and fixed with the steel cable fixing seat to form an oblique-pull tightening steel cable, which provides tension for the X-direction curved truss to adjust the internal force distribution.

[0017] Preferably, each of the lower connecting nodes and each of the upper connecting nodes have the same structure and are provided with a plurality of first assembly components on the outside, each of the upper chords, each of the diagonal webs, each of the lower chords, each of the lower connecting rods and each of the upper connecting rods are provided with a second assembly component at both ends, and each of the first assembly components is provided with a connecting component for connecting to the second assembly component on the outside;

[0018] Each rod body is preliminarily plugged into and assembled with the first assembly components at both ends of the rod body, and then fixedly assembled in two steps through the connecting components.

[0019] Preferably, each of the first assembly components includes an assembly block fixedly connected to the outside of the corresponding node, the assembly block is provided with an assembly hole extending to the inside of the corresponding node, and the assembly block is further provided with a first connection hole perpendicular to the assembly hole.

[0020] Inserting the assembly rod at the end of the rod body into the assembly hole outside the node is the key point to achieve the initial plug-in assembly between the rod body and the node.

[0021] Preferably, each second assembly component includes a cavity opened inside the corresponding rod body, a built-in limit block is slidably connected to the inside of the cavity, a return spring is fixedly connected between the built-in limit block and the cavity, an end of the built-in limit block away from the return spring is fixedly connected to an assembly rod adapted to the assembly hole, a second connecting hole adapted to the first connecting hole is opened on the outside of the assembly rod, a hand push plate is also fixedly connected to the outside of the assembly rod, and anti-slip grooves are provided on the outside of the hand push plate;

[0022] The ability of the assembly rod at the end of the rod body to be retractable is the key point to ensure that the assembly rod enters the assembly hole; the assembly rod can be pushed out of the assembly hole by the hand push plate.

[0023] Preferably, each of the connecting components includes a connecting rod adapted to the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, a second cavity is defined inside the connecting rod, an opening communicating with the second cavity is defined on the outside of the connecting rod axially symmetrically, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the inside of the second cavity, a lower tightening block extending to the inside of the opening is axially symmetrically connected to the outside of the fixing frame, and a tightening limit block that presses against the outer side of the lower tightening block is fixedly connected to the inside of the axially symmetrical openings;

[0024] When the axisymmetric lower pressing block is pressed against the bottom of the assembly block, the outer side thereof will abut against the pressing limit block for limiting.

[0025] Preferably, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a bolt, the external thread of the bolt is connected with an upper counter nut, the top of the bolt is fixedly connected with an upper limit sealing cylinder extending downward, the inner lower side of the upper limit sealing cylinder is provided with an annular limit groove, the top of the upper counter nut is fixedly connected with a lower limit sealing cylinder extending to the inside of the upper limit sealing cylinder, the outer upper side of the lower limit sealing cylinder is symmetrically provided with a through groove, and the inside of the through groove is symmetrically connected with a clamping limit block, the outer side of the upper counter nut is symmetrically provided with an L-shaped slide groove, the inside of the L-shaped slide groove is slidably connected with a clamping block, the clamping block and the clamping limit block are connected by a connecting plate, the inner side of the clamping block is provided with an embedded groove, and a strong spring is fixedly connected between the embedded groove and the L-shaped slide groove;

[0026] The upper abutment nut is tightly pressed against the top of the assembly block, and the expanded lower abutment block is tightly pressed against the bottom of the assembly block, so that the fixed assembly between the chord body and the node can be achieved. After that, the clamping limit block is located inside the annular limit groove, and the distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder and the lower limit sealing cylinder is fixed. The upper abutment nut cannot be loosened, and the upper limit sealing cylinder and the lower limit sealing cylinder can seal the outside of the bolt to prevent the bolt from being exposed to moisture and corrosion in the air, which is not conducive to subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0027] A rapid assembly method for a modular prestressed spatial grid structure includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Module structure assembly: First, assemble the two upper chords through the upper connection node, then assemble the four diagonal webs through the lower connection node, and then assemble the ends of the four diagonal webs away from the lower connection node to the corresponding upper connection nodes;

[0029] S2. One-way structural assembly: The lower chord is assembled between adjacent prefabricated modular structures by assembling the two ends of the lower chord between adjacent lower connection nodes;

[0030] S3. Auxiliary structure installation: Assemble the first cable turning seat, upper connecting rod, second cable turning seat, and prestressed cable on the corresponding X-direction curved truss, and assemble the lower connecting rod on the corresponding Y-direction flat truss;

[0031] S4. X-direction structure hoisting: hoist the assembled X-direction curved truss to the top of the foundation, and then install and fix it in the pre-marked position by installing the support;

[0032] S5. Y-direction structure hoisting: First, hoist the assembled Y-direction flat truss to a position perpendicular to the X-direction curved truss. Then, assemble the lower connecting rods at both ends to the lower connection nodes of the corresponding X-direction curved truss, and assemble the upper chords at both ends to the upper connection nodes of the corresponding X-direction curved truss.

[0033] S6. Apply prestress: Fix both ends of the prestressed steel cable on the steel cable fixing seat, tighten both ends of the prestressed steel cable and fix both ends of the steel cable fixing seat on the top of the foundation.

[0034] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. In the present invention, a spatial grid structure is formed by a plurality of mutually orthogonal X-direction curved trusses and a plurality of Y-direction flat trusses, so that the structure can effectively transfer loads in two directions and form a spatial force system. Compared with a unidirectional truss, it can better withstand loads from different directions, including wind loads, seismic loads, etc., thereby improving the stability and bearing capacity of the structure.

[0036] 2. In the present invention: the X-direction curved truss is a curved grid with good spatial force performance, which can effectively transfer the load to the foundation, show high bearing capacity and rigidity in large-span structures, and can significantly reduce structural deformation.

[0037] 3. In the present invention: the prestressed steel cables in the X-direction curved truss pass through the first steel cable turning seat and the second steel cable turning seat and are tightened and fixed with the steel cable fixing seat to form an oblique-pull tightening steel cable, which provides tension for the X-direction curved truss to adjust the internal force distribution.

[0038] 4. In the present invention: by inserting the assembly rod at the end of the rod body into the assembly hole on the node, the initial plug-in assembly between the rod body and the node can be achieved, and by inserting the connecting rod into the aligned first connecting hole and the second connecting hole until the axially symmetrical lower tightening block passes through the bottom of the assembly block, and by using a movable wrench to rotate and tighten the upper tightening nut so that the upper tightening nut is tightly pressed against the top of the assembly block, and the expanded lower tightening block is tightly pressed against the bottom of the assembly block, the two-step fixed assembly of the upper chord rod and the lower connecting node can be achieved.

[0039] 5. In the present invention: after the upper abutment nut is tightly abutted against the top of the assembly block, and the expanded lower abutment block is tightly abutted against the bottom of the assembly block to achieve two-step fixed assembly, the symmetrical snap-in limit blocks are located inside the annular limit groove, and the fixed distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder and the lower limit sealing cylinder can prevent the upper abutment nut from loosening, and the upper limit sealing cylinder and the lower limit sealing cylinder can seal the outside of the bolt to prevent the bolt from being exposed to moisture and corrosion in the air, which is not conducive to subsequent maintenance and replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the preliminary assembly of the modular prestressed spatial grid structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at point A;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front structure of FIG.

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in FIG.

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A side structural diagram of

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the first assembly component and the second assembly component in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first assembly component, the second assembly component and the connection component in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the first assembly component, the second assembly component and the connecting component in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the connection component in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at position C in FIG;

[0050] Figure 11 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the figure.

[0051] In the figure: 100, spatial grid structure; 110, X-curved truss; 120, Y-flat truss; 130, prefabricated modular structure; 140, upper connection node; 150, lower chord; 160, upper chord; 170, lower connection node; 180, diagonal web; 190, mounting support; 200, first cable steering seat; 210, second cable steering seat; 220, cable fixing seat; 230, prestressed cable; 240, lower connecting rod; 250, upper connecting rod; 260, first assembly component; 261, assembly block; 262, assembly hole; 263, first connection hole; 270, second assembly component; 271, space Cavity; 272, built-in limit block; 273, return spring; 274, assembly rod; 275, second connecting hole; 276, push plate; 280, connecting assembly; 281, connecting rod; 282, second cavity; 283, opening; 284, fixing frame; 285, lower tightening block; 286, tightening limit block; 287, bolt; 288, upper abutment nut; 289, upper limit sealing cylinder; 290, annular limit groove; 291, lower limit sealing cylinder; 292, through groove; 293, snap-on limit block; 294, L-shaped slide groove; 295, tightening block; 296, connecting plate; 297, embedded groove; 298, strong strength spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] refer to Figures 1-11The modular prestressed spatial grid structure shown includes a plurality of X-curved trusses 110 and a plurality of Y-flat trusses 120 that are orthogonal to each other to form a spatial grid structure 100. Each X-curved truss 110 and each Y-flat truss 120 is composed of a plurality of standardized prefabricated modular structures 130, a plurality of upper connection nodes 140, and a plurality of lower chords 150. The upper chords 160 and lower chords 150 included in each X-curved truss 110 are transverse curved rods, and the upper chords 160 and lower chords 150 included in each Y-flat truss 120 are longitudinal straight rods with transverse curved rods. The rod has good spatial force performance and can effectively transfer the load to the mounting support 190 and the foundation. The tops of two adjacent prefabricated modular structures 130 are connected by two upper connection nodes 140, and the bottoms of two adjacent prefabricated modular structures 130 are respectively connected to the two ends of the lower chord 150. Each prefabricated modular structure 130 includes two mutually parallel upper chords 160, a lower connection node 170 located at the bottom, and four diagonal web members 180 connected to the outside of the lower connection node 170. The prefabricated modular structure 130 is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid and can evenly transfer the load to each rod.

[0054] Each X-direction curved truss 110 is connected to each Y-direction flat truss 120 via two lower connecting rods 240 and two upper connecting rods 250. The two lower connecting rods 240 are respectively located at both ends of the corresponding Y-direction flat truss 120, and the two upper connecting rods 250 are located at one end of the corresponding Y-direction flat truss 120. The two ends of the two lower connecting rods 240 are respectively connected to a lower connecting node 170 in the corresponding X-direction curved truss 110 and a lower connecting node 170 in the corresponding Y-direction flat truss 120. The two ends of the two upper connecting rods 250 are respectively connected to two upper connecting nodes 140 in the corresponding X-direction curved truss 110. The bidirectional X-direction curved trusses 110 and each Y-direction flat truss 120 are intersected and connected, so that the structure can effectively transfer loads in two directions, forming a spatial force system.

[0055] Among them, each X-direction curved surface truss 110 is provided with a mounting support 190 fixedly connected to the two upper connection nodes 140 at both ends, and a first steel cable steering seat 200 and a second steel cable steering seat 210 are provided below each X-direction curved surface truss 110. Each first steel cable steering seat 200 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding lower connection node 170, and each second steel cable steering seat 210 is rotatably connected to the outside of the corresponding upper connecting rod 250. Each X-direction curved surface truss 110 is provided with a steel cable fixing seat 220 at both ends. Each mounting support 190 and each steel cable fixing seat 220 are installed on the top of the foundation. A prestressed steel cable 230 is provided inside each X-direction curved surface truss 110, which passes through the first steel cable turning seat 200 and the second steel cable turning seat 210 and is fixedly connected to the steel cable fixing seat 220. The prestressed steel cable 230 passes through the first steel cable turning seat 200 and the second steel cable turning seat 210 and is tightened and fixed with the steel cable fixing seat 220 to form an oblique-pull tightening steel cable, thereby providing tension for the X-direction curved surface truss 110 to adjust the internal force distribution.

[0056] Each lower connection node 170 and each upper connection node 140 have the same structure and are externally provided with a plurality of first assembly components 260. Each upper chord 160, each diagonal web 180, each lower chord 150, each lower connecting rod 240, and each upper connecting rod 250 are provided with second assembly components 270 at both ends. Each first assembly component 260 is externally provided with a connecting component 280 for connecting to the second assembly component 270. That is, each rod body is initially plugged and assembled with the first assembly component 260 through the second assembly components 270 at both ends, and then fixedly assembled in a two-step manner through the connecting component 280.

[0057] Each first assembly component 260 includes an assembly block 261 fixedly connected to the outside of the corresponding node. The assembly block 261 has an assembly hole 262 extending to the inside of the corresponding node. The assembly block 261 also has a first connection hole 263 perpendicular to the assembly hole 262. The assembly rod 274 at the end of the rod body is inserted into the assembly hole 262 on the outside of the node, which is the key point for achieving the initial plug-in assembly between the rod body and the node.

[0058] Among them, each second assembly component 270 includes a cavity 271 opened inside the corresponding rod body, and a built-in limit block 272 is slidably connected inside the cavity 271, and a return spring 273 is fixedly connected between the built-in limit block 272 and the cavity 271. The end of the built-in limit block 272 away from the return spring 273 is fixedly connected to an assembly rod 274 adapted to the assembly hole 262, and a second connection hole 275 adapted to the first connection hole 263 is opened on the outside of the assembly rod 274. A hand push plate 276 is also fixedly connected to the outside of the assembly rod 274. The assembly rod 274 at the end of the rod body can be retracted and retracted, which is the key point to ensure that the assembly rod 274 enters the interior of the assembly hole 262. The assembly rod 274 can be pushed out of the assembly hole 262 by the hand push plate 276.

[0059] Each connecting assembly 280 includes a connecting rod 281 adapted to the first connecting hole 263 and the second connecting hole 275, a second cavity 282 is opened inside the connecting rod 281, an opening 283 communicating with the second cavity 282 is opened on the outside of the connecting rod 281, a fixing frame 284 is fixedly connected to the inside of the second cavity 282, and a lower pressing block 285 extending to the inside of the opening 283 is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixing frame 284. A tightening stop block 286 is fixedly connected to the lower tightening block 285 and is pressed against the outer side of the lower tightening block 285. When the axisymmetric lower tightening block 285 is pressed against the bottom of the assembly block 261, its outer side will abut against the tightening stop block 286 to limit the position. A bolt 287 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 281. The outer side of the bolt 287 is threadedly connected to the upper nut 288. When the upper nut 288 is tightened clockwise to make it press against the top of the assembly block 261, the assembly rod 274 can be fixedly assembled with the assembly hole 262.

[0060] Among them, the top of the bolt 287 is fixedly connected with an upper limit sealing cylinder 289 extending downward, and an annular limiting groove 290 is provided on the inner lower side of the upper limit sealing cylinder 289. The top of the upper nut 288 is fixedly connected with a lower limit sealing cylinder 291 extending to the interior of the upper limit sealing cylinder 289. The outer upper side of the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 is symmetrically provided with through grooves 292, and the interiors of the symmetrical through grooves 292 are slidably connected with a snap-on limiting block 293. When the snap-on limiting block 293 is located in the annular limiting groove 290, the distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 is fixed to prevent the upper nut 288 from loosening, and the upper limit sealing The cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 can seal the outside of the bolt 287. The outside of the upper nut 288 is symmetrically provided with an L-shaped groove 294. The inside of the L-shaped groove 294 is slidably connected with a clamping block 295. The clamping block 295 and the clamping limit block 293 are connected by a connecting plate 296. The inner side of the clamping block 295 is provided with an embedded groove 297. A strong spring 298 is fixedly connected between the embedded groove 297 and the L-shaped groove 294. When the upper nut 288 is clamped with a movable wrench, the clamping block 295 can be squeezed to release the distance fixing effect between the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291.

[0061] Working principle of the present invention: The present invention forms a spatial grid structure 100 by a plurality of mutually orthogonal X-direction curved trusses 110 and a plurality of Y-direction flat trusses 120, so that the structure can effectively transfer loads in two directions and form a spatial force system. Compared with a unidirectional truss, it can better withstand loads from different directions, including wind loads, seismic loads, etc., thereby improving the stability and bearing capacity of the structure. In addition, the plurality of X-direction curved trusses 110 are curved grids with good spatial force performance, which can effectively transfer loads to the foundation, and exhibit high bearing capacity and stiffness in large-span structures, which can significantly reduce the deformation of the structure. At the same time, the prestressed steel cables 230 in the X-direction curved trusses 110 pass through the first steel cable turning seat 200 and the second steel cable turning seat 210 and are tightened and fixed with the steel cable fixing seat 220 to form an oblique-pull tightening steel cable, which provides tension to the X-direction curved truss 110 to adjust the internal force distribution.

[0062] The quick assembly steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0063] S1. Assembling the modular structure: First, use the first assembly component 260, the second assembly component 270, and the connecting component 280 to assemble the two ends of an upper chord 160 to the two upper connecting nodes 140, respectively. Similarly, assemble the two ends of another upper chord 160 to the other two upper connecting nodes 140, then assemble the four diagonal web members 180 using the lower connecting nodes 170. Finally, assemble the ends of the four diagonal web members 180 that are farther away from the lower connecting nodes 170 to the corresponding upper connecting nodes 140, and continue this process to complete the assembly of the plurality of prefabricated modular structures 130.

[0064] When assembling the rod and the node using the first assembly component 260, the second assembly component 270 and the connection component 280, refer to Figure 7-Figure 8 ;

[0065] Taking the assembly of the upper chord 160 and one end of the lower connection node 170 as an example, the upper chord 160 and the lower connection node 170 can be preliminarily assembled by inserting the assembly rod 274 at the end of the upper chord 160 into the assembly hole 262 on the lower connection node 170 and ensuring that the second connection hole 275 on the assembly rod 274 is aligned with the first connection hole 263 on the assembly block 261.

[0066] By inserting the connecting rod 281 into the aligned first connecting hole 263 and the second connecting hole 275 (when the axially symmetrical lower tightening block 285 at the bottom of the connecting rod 281 enters the first connecting hole 263 and the second connecting hole 275, it will be abutted into the corresponding opening 283), until the connecting rod 281 drives the axially symmetrical lower tightening block 285 to pass through the bottom of the assembly block 261, at this time, the axially symmetrical lower tightening block 285 will be expanded under the action of gravity and abut against the corresponding tightening limit blocks 286 respectively, and then use the adjustable wrench to tighten the upper nut 288 clockwise, so that the upper nut 288 is tightly abutted against the top of the assembly block 261, and the expanded lower tightening block 285 is tightly abutted against the bottom of the assembly block 261, and then the adjustable wrench is removed, so that the two-step fixed assembly of the upper chord 160 and the lower connecting node 170 can be achieved;

[0067] When the upper nut 288 is tightened by turning the adjustable wrench clockwise, the adjustable wrench can squeeze the pressing block 295 into the interior of the L-shaped sliding groove 294 and squeeze the strong spring 298, so that the pressing block 295 drives the clamping limit block 293 to disengage from the interior of the annular limit groove 290 through the connecting plate 296 and completely enter the interior of the through groove 292. That is, at this time, the distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 is no longer in a fixed state, and the upper nut 288 can rotate;

[0068] After the upper abutting nut 288 is tightly abutted against the top of the assembly block 261 and the unfolded lower abutting block 285 is tightly abutted against the bottom of the assembly block 261 to achieve two-step fixed assembly, the symmetrical clamping limit blocks 293 are located inside the annular limit groove 290, and the distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 is fixed. Since the distance between the upper abutting nut 288 and the bolt 287 will change when the upper abutting nut 288 is loosened, that is, the distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 will change, the fixed distance between the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 can prevent the upper abutting nut 288 from loosening, and the upper limit sealing cylinder 289 and the lower limit sealing cylinder 291 can seal the outside of the bolt 287 to prevent the bolt 287 from being exposed to moisture and corrosion in the air and difficult to unscrew, which is not conducive to subsequent maintenance and replacement;

[0069] The disassembly of the upper chord 160 and one end of the lower connection node 170 is similar. Just loosen a portion of the upper abutment nut 288 and then manually tighten the expanded lower abutment block 285 to pull the connecting rod 281 upward.

[0070] S2. One-way structure assembly: Sequentially assemble the two ends of the lower chord 150 between adjacent lower connection nodes 170, so that the lower chord 150 is sequentially assembled between adjacent prefabricated modular structures 130. This operation is carried out sequentially to complete the assembly of multiple X-direction curved trusses 110 and multiple Y-direction flat trusses 120.

[0071] S3. Assembly of auxiliary structures: First, symmetrically install the first cable turning seat 200 at the bottom of the two lower connection nodes 170 in the X-direction curved truss 110, then install the two second cable turning seats 210 on the outside of the two upper connecting rods 250 respectively, then pass the prestressed steel cable 230 through the first cable turning seat 200 and the second cable turning seat 210, then respectively assemble the two symmetrical upper connecting rods 250 at both ends of the X-direction curved truss 110, and finally respectively assemble the two lower connecting rods 240 at both ends of the X-direction curved truss 110, and perform the operations in sequence to complete the assembly of the first cable turning seat 200, the upper connecting rod 250, the second cable turning seat 210, the prestressed steel cable 230 on several X-direction curved trusses 110, and the lower connecting rods 240 on several Y-direction flat trusses 120;

[0072] S4. X-direction structure hoisting: hoist the assembled X-direction curved truss 110 to the top of the foundation, and then install and fix it in the pre-marked position by installing the support 190;

[0073] S5. Y-direction structure hoisting: First, hoist the assembled Y-direction flat truss 120 to a position perpendicular to the X-direction curved truss 110. Then, assemble the lower connecting rods 240 at both ends of the Y-direction flat truss 120 to the lower connecting nodes 170 of the corresponding X-direction curved truss 110. Assemble the upper chords 160 at both ends of the Y-direction flat truss 120 to the upper connecting nodes 140 of the corresponding X-direction curved truss 110. Perform these steps sequentially to complete the assembly between the X-direction curved truss 110 and the Y-direction flat truss 120.

[0074] S6. Applying prestress: Fixing both ends of the prestressed steel cable 230 on the steel cable fixing seat 220, tightening both ends of the prestressed steel cable 230 and fixing both ends of the steel cable fixing seat 220 on the top of the foundation, so that the prestressed steel cable 230 forms a diagonal tightening steel cable, providing tension for the X-direction curved truss 110 to adjust the internal force distribution.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular prestressed spatial grid structure comprising a plurality of X-direction curved trusses (110) and a plurality of Y-direction flat trusses (120) orthogonally forming a spatial grid structure (100), characterized in that: Each of the X-direction curved trusses (110) and each of the Y-direction flat trusses (120) is composed of a plurality of standardized prefabricated modular structures (130), a plurality of upper connection nodes (140), and a plurality of lower chords (150); the tops of two adjacent prefabricated modular structures (130) are connected via two upper connection nodes (140); the bottoms of two adjacent prefabricated modular structures (130) are respectively connected to the two ends of the lower chord (150); each of the prefabricated modular structures (130) includes two upper chords (160) parallel to each other, a lower connection node (170) located at the bottom, and four diagonal web members (180) connected to the outside of the lower connection node (170); Both ends of each X-direction curved surface truss (110) are provided with mounting supports (190) fixedly connected to two upper connection nodes (140); a first steel cable turning seat (200) and a second steel cable turning seat (210) are provided below each X-direction curved surface truss (110); both ends of each X-direction curved surface truss (110) are provided with steel cable fixing seats (220); and a prestressed steel cable (230) passing through the first steel cable turning seat (200) and the second steel cable turning seat (210) and fixedly connected to the steel cable fixing seat (220) is provided inside each X-direction curved surface truss (110); Each of the X-direction curved trusses (110) and each of the Y-direction flat trusses (120) are connected via two lower connecting rods (240) and two upper connecting rods (250).

2. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper chord (160) and the lower chord (150) included in each X-direction curved truss (110) are both transverse curved rods, and the upper chord (160) and the lower chord (150) included in each Y-direction flat truss (120) are both longitudinal straight rods.

3. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two lower connecting rods (240) are respectively located at the two ends of the corresponding Y-direction plane truss (120), the two upper connecting rods (250) are located at one end of the corresponding Y-direction plane truss (120), the two ends of the two lower connecting rods (240) are respectively connected to a lower connecting node (170) in the corresponding X-direction curved surface truss (110) and a lower connecting node (170) in the corresponding Y-direction plane truss (120), and the two ends of the two upper connecting rods (250) are respectively connected to two upper connecting nodes (140) in the corresponding X-direction curved surface truss (110).

4. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first steel cable turning seats (200) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding lower connection node (170), each of the second steel cable turning seats (210) is rotatably connected to the outside of a corresponding upper connecting rod (250), and each of the mounting supports (190) and each steel cable fixing seat (220) is installed on the top of the foundation.

5. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each lower connection node (170) and each upper connection node (140) have the same structure and are provided with a plurality of first assembly components (260) on the outside; each upper chord (160), each diagonal web (180), each lower chord (150), each lower connecting rod (240) and each upper connecting rod (250) are provided with a second assembly component (270) at both ends; and each first assembly component (260) is provided with a connection component (280) for connecting the second assembly component (270) on the outside.

6. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the first assembly components (260) includes an assembly block (261) fixedly connected to the outside of the corresponding node, an assembly hole (262) extending to the inside of the corresponding node is opened on the outside of the assembly block (261), and a first connecting hole (263) perpendicular to the assembly hole (262) is also opened on the outside of the assembly block (261).

7. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each second assembly component (270) includes a cavity (271) opened inside the corresponding rod body, the interior of the cavity (271) is slidably connected to a built-in limit block (272), a return spring (273) is fixedly connected between the built-in limit block (272) and the cavity (271), one end of the built-in limit block (272) away from the return spring (273) is fixedly connected to an assembly rod (274) adapted to the assembly hole (262), the outside of the assembly rod (274) is provided with a second connection hole (275) adapted to the first connection hole (263), the outside of the assembly rod (274) is also fixedly connected to a hand push plate (276), and the outside of the hand push plate (276) is provided with anti-slip grooves.

8. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the connecting components (280) includes a connecting rod (281) adapted to the first connecting hole (263) and the second connecting hole (275); a second cavity (282) is provided inside the connecting rod (281); an opening (283) communicating with the second cavity (282) is provided on the outside of the connecting rod (281) in an axially symmetrical manner; a fixing frame (284) is fixedly connected to the inside of the second cavity (282); a lower pressing block (285) extending to the inside of the opening (283) is axially symmetrically connected to the outside of the fixing frame (284); and a pressing limit block (286) pressed against the outside of the lower pressing block (285) is fixedly connected to the inside of the axially symmetrical opening (283).

9. The modular prestressed spatial grid structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the connecting rod (281) is fixedly connected with a bolt (287), the outer surface of the bolt (287) is threadedly connected with an upper nut (288), the top of the bolt (287) is fixedly connected with an upper limit sealing cylinder (289) extending downward, the inner lower side of the upper limit sealing cylinder (289) is provided with an annular limiting groove (290), the top of the upper nut (288) is fixedly connected with a lower limit sealing cylinder (291) extending to the inner side of the upper limit sealing cylinder (289), and the outer upper side of the lower limit sealing cylinder (291) is symmetrically provided with a through groove (290). 2), the said through groove (292) is symmetrically connected to the inside of the card limit block (293), the outer side of the said upper nut (288) is symmetrically provided with an L-shaped sliding groove (294), the inner side of the said L-shaped sliding groove (294) is symmetrically connected to the clamping block (295), the said clamping block (295) is connected to the card limit block (293) through a connecting plate (296), the inner side of the said clamping block (295) is provided with an embedded groove (297), and a strong spring (298) is fixedly connected between the embedded groove (297) and the L-shaped sliding groove (294).

10. A rapid assembly method based on the spatial grid structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Module structure assembly: first assemble two upper chords (160) through the upper connection node (140), then assemble four diagonal web members (180) through the lower connection node (170), and then assemble the ends of the four diagonal web members (180) away from the lower connection node (170) on the corresponding upper connection nodes (140); S2, one-way structural assembly: assembling the lower chord (150) between adjacent prefabricated modular structures (130) by assembling the two ends of the lower chord (150) between adjacent lower connection nodes (170); S3, auxiliary structure installation: assembling the first steel cable turning seat (200), the upper connecting rod (250), the second steel cable turning seat (210), and the prestressed steel cable (230) on the corresponding X-direction curved truss (110), and assembling the lower connecting rod (240) on the corresponding Y-direction flat truss (120); S4, X-direction structure hoisting: hoist the assembled X-direction curved truss (110) to the top of the foundation, and then install and fix it at the pre-marked position by installing the support (190); S5. Y-direction structure hoisting: first hoist the assembled Y-direction flat truss (120) to a position perpendicular to the X-direction curved truss (110), then assemble the lower connecting rods (240) at both ends to the lower connecting nodes (170) connected to the corresponding X-direction curved truss (110), and assemble the upper chords (160) at both ends to the upper connecting nodes (140) connected to the corresponding X-direction curved truss (110); S6. Applying prestress: fixing both ends of the prestressed steel cable (230) on the steel cable fixing seat (220), tightening both ends of the prestressed steel cable (230) and fixing both ends of the steel cable fixing seat (220) on the top of the foundation.

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