Hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seam

Abstract

The invention provides an extra-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism which comprises a base and a top beam, a plurality of first stand columns are rotationally arranged on the base, the top end of each first stand column is connected with the top beam, a shield beam is rotationally arranged at the tail end of the top beam, the shield beam is connected with the base through a connecting rod assembly, and side protection plates are rotationally arranged on the two sides of the top beam correspondingly. A side pushing jack is arranged between the bottom of the top beam and the inner side wall of the side protection plate, a front beam is rotationally arranged at the front end of the top beam, a front beam jack is arranged between the front beam and the bottom of the top beam, and a side protection device is arranged at the front end of the front beam and used for playing a shielding role during side caving. According to the hydraulic support mechanism for the extra-thick coal seam, loads can be transmitted, unbalance loading can be adapted, the structural stress is reduced, the mining efficiency is improved, and the working safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic supports, and in particular relates to a hydraulic support mechanism for an extra-thick coal seam. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining, isolated working faces are sometimes necessary to improve coal recovery rates, resource utilization, and extend mine life, especially in extremely thick coal seams. Mining these seams faces challenges such as high roof pressure, spalling, surrounding rock fragmentation, and high support stability requirements. However, traditional support methods suffer from poor bearing capacity, insufficient structural strength, and limited adaptability, resulting in low mining efficiency, poor safety, and high equipment maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams to solve the problems of low mining efficiency, poor safety, and high equipment maintenance costs in traditional support methods.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] A hydraulic support mechanism for an extra-thick coal seam comprises a base and a top beam, a plurality of first columns being rotatably provided on the base, the top end of each first column being connected to the top beam, a shielding beam being rotatably provided at the tail end of the top beam, the shielding beam being connected to the base via a connecting rod assembly, side guard plates being rotatably provided on both sides of the top beam, and side push jacks being provided between the bottom of the top beam and the inner side wall of the side guard plates, a front beam being rotatably provided at the front end of the top beam, and a front beam jack being provided between the front beam and the bottom of the top beam, and a guard device being provided at the front end of the front beam.

[0006] Furthermore, a spherical hinged support is provided between the top of the first column and the top beam, and the spherical hinged support includes a first support and a second support. The first support is fixedly connected to the top beam, and the second support is fixedly connected to the top of the first column. A buffer pad is provided in the hemispherical groove of the second support, and the buffer pad is used to absorb the impact of mine pressure.

[0007] Furthermore, the buffer pad is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0008] Furthermore, the side guard device includes a side guard plate and a side guard jack. The rear end of the side guard plate is rotatably connected to the front end of the front beam, and the side guard jack is hingedly provided between the bottom of the side guard plate and the bottom of the front beam.

[0009] Furthermore, the shielding beam includes a first shielding plate and a second shielding plate, the first shielding plate is rotatably connected to the second shielding plate, the front end of the first shielding plate is rotatably connected to the rear end of the top beam, and the first shielding plate and the second shielding plate are both connected to the base through a connecting rod assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting rod assembly includes a front connecting rod and a rear connecting rod. The first shield plate is rotatably connected to the base through two front connecting rods. The two front connecting rods are arranged parallel to each other. The two ends of each front connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the inner side of the first shield plate and the upper side of the base. The second shield plate is rotatably connected to the base through two rear connecting rods. The two rear connecting rods are arranged parallel to each other. The two ends of each rear connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the inner side of the second shield plate and the upper side of the base.

[0011] Furthermore, a second column is hingedly provided between the second shielding plate and the base, and the second column is used to seal the second shielding plate and the goaf.

[0012] Furthermore, first gangue baffles are detachably provided on both sides of the first shield plate, and second gangue baffles are detachably provided on both sides of the second shield plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a push rod assembly is provided on the base, which includes a frame, a joint and a connecting plate. One end of the frame is detachably connected to the base, and the other end of the frame is detachably connected to one end of the connecting plate. The connecting head is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting plate, and the connecting head is used to connect the base to the push conveyor.

[0014] Furthermore, the top beam is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is filled with a buffer material, and the buffer material is used to absorb the impact energy of the mine pressure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic support mechanism of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The hydraulic support mechanism for an extra-thick coal seam described in the present invention increases the structural strength between the top plate and the base through a multi-column structure, reduces the deformation of the hydraulic support when subjected to uneven pressure and eccentric loads, and both ends of each first column 3 are rotatably connected. This connection method can cause deflection between the first column and the top beam, can transfer loads, adapt to eccentric loads, reduce structural stress, avoid bending and breaking of the columns due to rigid connections, and extend the service life of the support; through the setting of the front beam, the top beam can fit the undulations of the top plate, can adapt to the unevenness of the top plate, reduce local stress concentration, reduce the deformation of the hydraulic support when subjected to eccentric loads, and improve mining efficiency.

[0017] (2) The present invention provides a hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams. The shield beam adopts a segmented structure. When damaged, only the damaged section is replaced, which reduces downtime. The modular design allows the first shield plate and the second shield plate to be quickly adjusted according to different coal seam conditions through the second column, thereby improving the adaptability, reliability and maintenance efficiency of the hydraulic support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic support mechanism for an extra-thick coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydraulic support mechanism for an extra-thick coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view of a hydraulic support mechanism for an extra-thick coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base and a connecting rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a spherical hinged support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the push rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1-base; 2-top beam; 3-first column; 4-shielding beam; 5-connecting rod assembly; 6-side guard plate; 7-front beam; 8-guard device; 9-spherical hinged support; 10-second column; 11-push rod assembly; 41-first shield plate; 42-second shield plate; 43-first baffle plate; 44-second baffle plate; 51-front connecting rod; 52-rear connecting rod; 81-guard plate; 82-guard jack; 91-first support; 92-second support; 111-frame; 112-connector; 113-connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1-6As shown, a super-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism includes a base 1 and a top beam 2. A plurality of first columns 3 are rotatably provided on the base 1. The top end of each first column 3 is connected to the top beam 2. A shielding beam 4 is rotatably provided at the tail end of the top beam 2. The shielding beam 4 is connected to the base 1 through a connecting rod assembly 5. A side guard plate 6 is rotatably provided on both sides of the top beam 2, and a side push jack is provided between the bottom of the top beam 2 and the inner side wall of the side guard plate 6. A front beam 7 is rotatably provided at the front end of the top beam 2, and a front beam jack is provided between the front beam 7 and the bottom of the top beam 2. A guard device 8 is provided at the front end of the front beam 7; a spherical hinged support 9 is provided between the top end of the first column 3 and the top beam 2. The spherical hinged support 9 includes a first support 91 and the second support 92, the first support 91 is fixedly connected to the top beam 2, the second support 92 is fixedly connected to the top of the first column 3, and a buffer pad is provided in the hemispherical groove of the second support 92, and the buffer pad is used to absorb the impact of mine pressure; the buffer pad is polytetrafluoroethylene; the guard device 8 includes a guard plate 81 and a guard jack 82, the tail end of the guard plate 81 is rotatably connected to the front end of the front beam 7, and a guard jack 82 is hingedly provided between the bottom of the guard plate 81 and the bottom of the front beam 7; the top beam 2 is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is filled with buffer material, and the buffer material is used to absorb the impact energy of mine pressure and enhance the anti-eccentric load capability of the top beam, and the buffer material adopts a polyurethane composite layer or a silicone rubber composite layer.

[0032] During implementation, the first column 3 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is an existing technology and the model is HSG-160 / 194-6. The control system controls the first column 3 to rise, driving the top beam 2 to rise and contact the coal seam roof of the working face, and the function of supporting and controlling the top plate is realized through the top beam 2. Four first columns 3 are rotatably arranged on the base 1. The multiple first columns 3 structure increases the structural strength between the top plate and the base 1 and reduces the deformation of the hydraulic support when subjected to uneven pressure and eccentric load. Both ends of each first column 3 are rotatably connected. This connection method can cause deflection between the first column 3 and the top beam 2, can transfer load, adapt to eccentric load, reduce structural stress, avoid bending and breaking of the column due to rigid connection, and extend the service life of the first column 3; the top of the first column 3 and the top beam 2 are spherically hinged, allowing 360° deflection. When the top plate height is inconsistent, the spherical hinge support 9 ensures that the top beam 2 is continuously connected to the top through a small angle adjustment, reducing the risk of top plate separation; the front beam 7 is an extension of the top beam 2. The segmented structure of the front beam 7 and the top beam 2 can adapt to the unevenness of the roof of an extra-thick coal seam, reduce local stress concentration, and reduce the deformation of the hydraulic support when subjected to an eccentric load; the side guard device 8 is used to prevent and control the coal wall from spalling. When the coal wall spalls, the side guard plate 81 plays a shielding role to avoid injuring workers or damaging equipment. The side guard jack 82 is controlled by the control system to make the side guard plate 81 close to the coal wall. The side guard plate 81 provides active supporting force, reduces stress concentration in the coal body, stabilizes the coal wall, and reduces the shutdown caused by spalling. After the coal mining machine cuts the coal, the front beam 7 automatically swings down to make way, and the side guard plate 81 extends out at the same time to achieve seamless support; the front beam 7 can swing up and down through the handover, automatically adjust the angle, fit the roof undulations, avoid local overhanging, increase the adaptability of the support to the roof, the stability of the coal wall and the mining efficiency; the side guard plates 6 prevent the goaf from waste rock from pouring into the working face, and reduce the workload of cleaning.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, the shield beam 4 includes a first shield plate 41 and a second shield plate 42, the first shield plate 41 is rotatably connected to the first shield plate 41, the front end of the first shield plate 41 is rotatably connected to the tail end of the top beam 2, the connecting rod assembly 5 includes a front connecting rod 51 and a rear connecting rod 52, the first shield plate 41 is rotatably connected to the base 1 through the two front connecting rods 51, the two front connecting rods 51 are arranged parallel to each other, and the two ends of each front connecting rod 5) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the first shield plate 41 and the upper side of the base 1, the second shield plate 42 is rotatably connected to the base 1 through the two rear connecting rods 52, and the two The two rear connecting rods 52 are arranged parallel to each other, and the two ends of each rear connecting rod 52 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the second shield plate 42 and the upper side of the base 1; a second column 10 is hingedly provided between the second shield plate 42 and the base 1, and the second column 10 is used to seal the second shield plate 42 from the goaf to prevent the backflow of gangue; the first shield plate 41 is detachably provided with a first gangue baffle 43 on both sides, and the second shield plate 42 is detachably provided with a second gangue baffle 44 on both sides. The first gangue baffle 43 and the second gangue baffle 44 are used to prevent gangue from flowing into the working face from the goaf; Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a push rod assembly 11 is provided on the base 1, and the push rod assembly 11 includes a frame 111, a joint 112 and a connecting plate 113. One end of the frame 111 is detachably connected to the base 1, and the other end of the frame 111 is detachably connected to one end of the connecting plate 113. The connecting head 112 is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting plate 113. The connecting head 112 is used to connect the base 1 to the push conveyor to realize its own forward movement.

[0034] During implementation, the second column 10 and the first column 3 are hydraulic cylinders of the same series. The first baffle plate 43 is connected to the first shield plate 41 by bolts or pins, and the second baffle plate 44 is connected to the second shield plate 42 by bolts or pins. After damage, only the damaged section is replaced, saving replacement time and cost. When the top beam 2 rises, the front connecting rod 51 and the rear connecting rod 52 drive the first shield plate 41 and the second shield plate 42 to make an approximately linear motion. The first shield plate 41 cooperates with the first baffle plate 43, and the second shield plate 42 cooperates with the second baffle plate 44 to prevent the goaf from collapsing. The fallen gangue rushes into the working face and bears the load of the fallen gangue in the goaf and the horizontal thrust transmitted by the roof through the top beam 2. The shielding beam 4, the front and rear connecting rods 52, and the base 1 together form a four-link structure, which bears the horizontal component of the support. When the bottom plate is uneven, it will also bear the torsional load; the shielding beam 4 adopts a segmented structure. After damage, only the damaged section is replaced to reduce downtime. The modular design allows the first shield plate 41 and the second shield plate 42 to be quickly adjusted according to different coal seam conditions through the second column 10, thereby improving the adaptability, reliability and maintenance efficiency of the hydraulic support.

[0035] The working principle of a hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams: When working, the control system controls the four first columns 3 to rise so that the top beam 2 is in direct contact with the coal seam roof of the working face, and the top beam 2 realizes the function of supporting and controlling the roof. The front beam 7 jack is controlled to swing up and down so that the top beam 2 can fit the ups and downs of the roof. The guard plate 81 is closely attached to the coal wall through the guard jack 82. When the coal wall is broken, the guard plate plays a shielding role to avoid injuring workers or damaging equipment. 4 together with the front connecting rod 51, the rear connecting rod 52, and the base 1 form a four-link structure. The top beam 2 rises and drives the first shield plate 41 and the second shield plate 42 to rise. By controlling the second column 10 to adjust the second shield plate 42, the first shield plate 41 and the second shield plate 42 can be sealed with the side gap of the goaf, adapting to the sealing requirements of different support heights, and preventing waste rock from entering the working face. By controlling the side push jack to extend the side shield plate 6, waste rock from the goaf is prevented from flowing into the working face, reducing the workload of cleaning.

[0036] The control method of this embodiment is controlled by a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by technicians in this field. The provision of power is also common knowledge in this field. This article is mainly used to protect mechanical devices. The control method and circuit connection are not explained in detail in this article.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams, characterized by: The utility model comprises a base (1) and a top beam (2); a plurality of first upright columns (3) are rotatably provided on the base (1); the top end of each first upright column (3) is connected to the top beam (2); a shielding beam (4) is rotatably provided at the tail end of the top beam (2); the shielding beam (4) is connected to the base (1) through a connecting rod assembly (5); a side guard plate (6) is rotatably provided on both sides of the top beam (2); a side push jack is provided between the bottom of the top beam (2) and the inner side wall of the side guard plate (6); a front beam (7) is rotatably provided at the front end of the top beam (2); a front beam jack is provided between the front beam (7) and the bottom of the top beam (2); and a guard device (8) is provided at the front end of the front beam (7).

2. The extra-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spherical hinged support (9) is provided between the top end of the first column (3) and the top beam (2), the spherical hinged support (9) comprising a first support (91) and a second support (92), the first support (91) being fixedly connected to the top beam (2), the second support (92) being fixedly connected to the top end of the first column (3), a buffer pad being provided in the hemispherical groove of the second support (92), and the buffer pad being used to absorb the impact of the mine pressure.

3. The hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cushion is polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side guard device (8) comprises a side guard plate (81) and a side guard jack (82); the rear end of the side guard plate (81) is rotatably connected to the front end of the front beam (7); and the side guard jack (82) is hingedly provided between the bottom of the side guard plate (81) and the bottom of the front beam (7).

5. The extra-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding beam (4) comprises a first shielding plate (41) and a second shielding plate (42), wherein the first shielding plate (41) and the second shielding plate (42) are rotatably connected, the front end of the first shielding plate (41) is rotatably connected to the rear end of the top beam (2), and the first shielding plate (41) and the second shielding plate (42) are both connected to the base (1) via a connecting rod assembly (5).

6. The hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly (5) comprises a front connecting rod (51) and a rear connecting rod (52); the first shield plate (41) is rotatably connected to the base (1) via the two front connecting rods (51); the two front connecting rods (51) are arranged parallel to each other; the two ends of each front connecting rod (51) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the first shield plate (41) and the upper side of the base (1); the second shield plate (42) is rotatably connected to the base (1) via the two rear connecting rods (52); the two rear connecting rods (52) are arranged parallel to each other; the two ends of each rear connecting rod (52) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the second shield plate (42) and the upper side of the base (1).

7. The extra-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second column (10) is hingedly provided between the second shielding plate (42) and the base (1), and the second column (10) is used to seal the second shielding plate (42) and the goaf.

8. The hydraulic support mechanism for extra-thick coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: First slag baffles (43) are detachably provided on both sides of the first shielding plate (41), and second slag baffles (44) are detachably provided on both sides of the second shielding plate (42).

9. The extra-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A push rod assembly (11) is provided on the base (1), and the push rod assembly (111) includes a frame (111), a joint (112) and a connecting plate (113). One end of the frame (111) is detachably connected to the base (1), the other end of the frame (111) is detachably connected to one end of the connecting plate (113), the connecting head (112) is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting plate (113), and the connecting head (112) is used to connect the base (1) to the push conveyor.

10. The extra-thick coal seam hydraulic support mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam (2) is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is filled with a buffer material, and the buffer material is used to absorb the impact energy of the mine pressure.

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