Hydrogen supply device and method capable of continuously controlling hydrogen concentration

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen supply device and method capable of continuously controlling hydrogen concentration, and the hydrogen supply device comprises a hydrogen supply cabin which comprises a box body, a top cover for sealing the box body, and a gas inlet pipeline and a gas outlet pipeline which are arranged on the top cover; the hydrogen evolution unit is fixed on the top cover, communicates with the gas inlet pipeline and is used for storing raw materials for preparing hydrogen and providing the hydrogen into the hydrogen supply cabin; the concentration control unit comprises a control assembly, a monitoring assembly and valve assemblies, the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply cabin and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit, the valve assemblies are arranged on the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline, and the control assembly receives the monitoring result of the monitoring assembly and controls opening and closing of the valve assemblies; and the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply cabin is adjusted. The purposes of continuous operation and controllable hydrogen concentration can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen supply research, and particularly relates to a hydrogen supply device and method with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of hydrogen utilization methods, it has become an indispensable energy source for experimental testing and commercialization in many fields, and has a rapid development trend in the transportation and industrial fields. At the same time, hydrogen also has a very high share in experiments and practical applications in the field of life science research. For example, many application scenarios such as inhaling "hydrogen", drinking "hydrogen-rich water" and applying "hydrogen-rich masks" have given rise to the demand for corresponding supporting devices. Patent CN113955714A discloses a controllable hydrogen system, method and application of magnesium hydride hydrolysis, involving the field of hydrolysis hydrogen production technology. The invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen by hydrolysis. The method comprises a reaction system comprising a hydrolysis reactor and a hydrogen purification device, wherein the hydrolysis reactor provides a place for the hydrolysis reaction of magnesium hydride, and the hydrogen purification device is used to clean the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis of magnesium hydride; an auxiliary system is connected to the reaction system and is used to store the hydrolyzed liquid, effectively intercept the unreacted magnesium hydride particles and fully react with the microparticles; a circulation system is connected to the auxiliary system and the reaction system and is used for circulating the hydrolyzed liquid, effectively controlling the concentration and flow rate of the hydrolyzed liquid, and effectively controlling the contact time between the hydrolyzed liquid and the magnesium hydride, so as to realize the controllable and effective preparation of hydrogen by hydrolysis. However, the hydrogen produced is very active, has a small molecular structure, a large molecular gap and a density of only 1 / 14 of that of air, making it the gas with the lowest density known in the world. It is very easy to escape and has a large explosion concentration range (4%-75%), which limits its use space and makes it impossible to verify many theories and experiments. The use of conventional hydrogen supply devices has great safety hazards. If the experimental environment is relatively closed, it may cause direct harm to the experimenters, forming an irreversible situation.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a hydrogen supply device that can continuously and stably generate a hydrogen atmosphere for use in the field of hydrogen research is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply device and method with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, which can achieve the purpose of continuous operation and controllable hydrogen concentration.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, comprising:

[0006] The hydrogen supply chamber comprises a box body, a top cover that seals the box body, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe provided on the top cover;

[0007] A hydrogen evolution unit, which is fixed on the top cover and connected to the air inlet pipe, is used to store raw materials for preparing hydrogen and provide hydrogen to the hydrogen supply compartment;

[0008] The concentration control unit includes a control component, a monitoring component and a valve component. The monitoring component is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit. The valve components are provided on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe. The control component receives the monitoring results of the monitoring component and controls the opening and closing of the valve component to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen supply chamber includes a sealing ring and multiple locking clips. The sealing ring is fixed on the top cover and / or the box body. The locking clips are arranged along the circumference of the contact position between the top cover and the box body, and cooperate with the sealing ring, the top cover and the box body to form an enclosed space in the hydrogen supply chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydrogen supply chamber also includes a circulation fan, which is fixed to a side of the top cover close to the box body.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrogen evolution unit includes a hydrogen evolution water tank and a raw material dispenser. The hydrogen evolution water tank is fixed to the side of the top cover away from the box body. The top of the hydrogen evolution water tank is connected to the air intake pipe. The raw material dispenser is fixed on the hydrogen evolution water tank and connected to the hydrogen evolution water tank, and is used to store hydrolysis hydrogen production materials.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydrogen evolution water tank includes a water tank body, a sealing cover and a water tank sealing ring. The water tank sealing ring is arranged on the water tank body and / or the sealing cover. A buckle is provided on the water tank body. One end of the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the water tank body, and the other end is locked with the buckle.

[0013] Furthermore, the valve assembly includes a raw material control valve and a hydrogen replenishment control valve. The raw material control valve is connected to the control assembly signal. The raw material dispenser is connected to the hydrogen evolution water tank through the raw material control valve. The hydrogen replenishment control valve is arranged on the air intake pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the raw material control valve and the hydrogen replenishment control valve are explosion-proof electric butterfly valve and explosion-proof solenoid valve respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a hydrogen and oxygen sensor and a pressure sensor. The hydrogen and oxygen sensor is used to monitor the concentration of hydrogen and oxygen in the hydrogen supply compartment in real time. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit in real time. The monitoring component sends the monitoring results to the control component via an electrical signal.

[0016] Furthermore, the valve assembly includes an outlet regulating valve connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and the outlet regulating valve is used to adjust the pressure in the hydrogen evolution water tank and discharge the tail gas from the hydrogen supply chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, the gas outlet regulating valve includes a one-way valve and a pressure relief valve. The one-way valve is connected to the gas outlet pipe and is in communication with the control component. The pressure relief valve is connected to the gas inlet pipe between the hydrogen replenishment control valve and the hydrogen evolution water tank through the pressure relief pipe. The outlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the pressure relief pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the control component includes an explosion-proof wiring harness box and a controller arranged in the explosion-proof wiring harness box.

[0019] Furthermore, the control component also includes a switching power supply, a circuit, and a leakage protector and an air switch arranged on the circuit. The switching power supply is connected to the controller through the circuit, and the controller is connected to the hydrogen replenishment control valve, the raw material dispenser and the raw material control valve through the circuit. The leakage protector is used for leakage protection, and the air switch is used for circuit protection.

[0020] Furthermore, the control component receives the monitoring result of the monitoring component and controls the opening and closing of the valve component to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber, including:

[0021] The control component receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit monitored by the monitoring component;

[0022] When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment is lower than the concentration threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen supply control valve to open the hydrogen supply control valve;

[0023] When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment reaches a concentration threshold within the first preset time period after the hydrogen supply control valve is opened, the control component outputs an electrical signal to the hydrogen supply control valve to close the hydrogen supply control valve;

[0024] After the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened for the first preset time, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment does not reach the concentration threshold, and the control component opens the raw material control valve until the absolute value of the difference between the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the concentration threshold is less than the absolute value of the difference threshold, and then closes the raw material control valve, and closes the hydrogen replenishment control valve when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment reaches the concentration threshold.

[0025] Furthermore, when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment is lower than the concentration threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen supply control valve to open the hydrogen supply control valve, including:

[0026] When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment is lower than the concentration threshold, the monitored pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit is compared with the pressure threshold;

[0027] When the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit is not greater than the pressure threshold, an opening instruction is output to the raw material control valve for a second preset time, and then an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve; when the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit is greater than the pressure threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve.

[0028] Furthermore, when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment does not reach the concentration threshold after the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened for the first preset time, and the control component determines that the raw material control valve is in the open state, the open state of the raw material control valve and the open state of the hydrogen replenishment control valve are maintained for the third preset time, and after maintaining the third preset time, an early warning is issued when it is determined that the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment does not reach the concentration threshold.

[0029] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe and the pressure relief pipe are all explosion-proof PU pipes.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for supplying hydrogen with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, using the above-mentioned hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, the method for supplying hydrogen includes:

[0031] The raw materials for preparing hydrogen are placed in the hydrogen evolution unit;

[0032] The control component receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit monitored by the monitoring component, and controls the opening and closing of the valve component to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment.

[0033] The present invention provides a hydrogen supply device and method with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, which has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) The hydrogen required for the experiment can be generated through the hydrogen evolution unit, and the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber can be monitored in real time through the monitoring component to control the opening and closing of the valve component, ultimately achieving the regulation of the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber.

[0035] (2) By setting a one-way valve and a pressure relief valve, the pressure in the hydrogen supply chamber and the hydrogen evolution unit can be kept within a safe range.

[0036] (3) By controlling the valve assembly through the control assembly, the temperature of the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber can be continuously and stably adjusted to meet the experimental requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A perspective view of a hydrogen supply device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A front view of a hydrogen supply device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A top view of a hydrogen supply device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5The present invention provides a flow chart of a hydrogen supply method with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration.

[0042] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-hydrogen supply chamber, 11-tank, 12-top cover, 13-air inlet pipe, 14-air outlet pipe, 15-locking clamp, 2-hydrogen evolution unit, 21-hydrogen evolution water tank, 211-water tank body, 212-sealing cover, 213-snap buckle, 22-raw material dispenser, 31-control component, 311-explosion-proof wiring harness box, 312-controller, 32-monitoring component, 321-hydrogen and oxygen sensor, 322-pressure sensor, 33-valve assembly, 331-raw material control valve, 332-hydrogen replenishment control valve, 333-check valve, 334-pressure relief valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, and unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, "a plurality" generally includes at least two.

[0045] It should also be noted that the terms "include," "comprises," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such product or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or device comprising the element.

[0046] Existing hydrogen reaction devices cannot meet the experimental needs in the field of hydrogen research, and cannot guarantee the continuity, safety and effective stability of the experiments.

[0047] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, comprising:

[0048] The hydrogen supply chamber comprises a box body, a top cover that seals the box body, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe provided on the top cover;

[0049] A hydrogen evolution unit, which is fixed on the top cover and connected to the air inlet pipe, is used to store raw materials for preparing hydrogen and provide hydrogen to the hydrogen supply compartment;

[0050] The concentration control unit includes a control component and a monitoring component and a valve component that are communicatively connected to the control component. The monitoring component is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit. The valve components are provided on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe. The control component receives the monitoring results of the monitoring component (i.e., the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit) and controls the opening and closing of the valve component to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment.

[0051] Among them, the hydrogen supply chamber may include a sealing ring and a plurality of locking clips. The sealing ring is fixed on the top cover and / or the box body. The locking clips are arranged along the circumference of the contact position between the top cover and the box body, and cooperate with the sealing ring, the top cover and the box body to form a closed space in the hydrogen supply chamber. The hydrogen supply chamber also includes a circulation fan, which is fixed to the side of the top cover close to the box body. The hydrogen supply chamber is sealed by clamping the sealing ring with the locking clip, which can prevent hydrogen from leaking out. The circulation fan located inside the hydrogen supply chamber runs continuously after the hydrogen supply device is turned on, and can be used to circulate internal gas to prevent hydrogen from accumulating on the top of the hydrogen supply chamber due to its low density, thereby affecting the experiment.

[0052] The monitoring component of the present invention includes a hydrogen and oxygen sensor and a pressure sensor. The hydrogen and oxygen sensor is used to monitor the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen in the hydrogen supply chamber in real time. Preferably, the hydrogen and oxygen sensor is an explosion-proof hydrogen and oxygen integrated detector, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit in real time. The monitoring component sends the monitoring results to the control component via an electrical signal. For some experimental situations, a certain oxygen atmosphere is required. For metal material experiments, different oxidation conditions are produced under different oxygen concentrations, which will affect the stability of the reaction between the material and hydrogen. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor oxygen through a hydrogen and oxygen sensor. In addition, for living biological experiments, it is necessary to keep oxygen within a certain range to prevent biological suffocation or oxygen intoxication. Therefore, the concentration detection of hydrogen and oxygen can be achieved through the hydrogen and oxygen sensor, and it has a certain explosion-proof effect.

[0053] The valve assembly includes a raw material control valve connected to the control assembly signal, wherein the raw material control valve is a normally closed explosion-proof electric butterfly valve, which is in a closed state when no electrical signal is received. The hydrogen evolution unit includes a hydrogen evolution water tank and a raw material dispenser. The hydrogen evolution water tank is fixed to the side of the top cover away from the box body. The top of the hydrogen evolution water tank is connected to the air intake pipe. The raw material dispenser is fixed to the hydrogen evolution water tank and is connected to the hydrogen evolution water tank through a feed pipe provided with a raw material control valve. It is used to store hydrolysis hydrogen production materials, which are magnesium hydride. The hydrogen evolution water tank includes a water tank body, a sealing cover and a water tank sealing ring. The water tank sealing ring is provided on the water tank body and / or the sealing cover. The water tank body is provided with a buckle. One end of the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the water tank body, and the other end is locked with the buckle. The hydrogen evolution water tank not only stores the water needed for hydrolysis hydrogen production, but also serves as a container for temporarily storing hydrogen. The locking action of the sealing cover and the buckle enables the hydrogen evolution water tank to be sealed, preventing the leakage of the evolved hydrogen and increasing costs and risks. The timing of feeding the raw material feeder into the hydrogen evolution water tank is controlled by the control component. The raw material control valve is used to isolate the raw material feeder from the hydrogen evolution water tank, preventing water vapor from rising and corroding the hydrolysis hydrogen production material, and also preventing hydrogen leakage.

[0054] The hydrolysis hydrogen production principle adopted in the present invention is that magnesium hydride (specifically, magnesium hydride powder with a predetermined particle size) contacts water (at room temperature) to react and produce hydrogen. The reaction formula is:

[0055] MgH 2(s) +2H2O=Mg(OH)2↓+2H2↑

[0056] The produced hydrogen is transported through the explosion-proof PU pipe connected to the quick-plug connector on the top of the hydrogen evolution water tank. After the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened, the air intake pipe is connected to the quick-plug connector on the top of the hydrogen supply compartment and then transmitted into the tank.

[0057] The valve assembly includes a hydrogen replenishment control valve arranged on the air inlet pipe and a one-way valve arranged on the air outlet pipe. The hydrogen replenishment control valve and the raw material dispenser are both communicated with the control assembly. When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment monitored by the monitoring assembly is lower than a predetermined value, the control assembly controls the hydrogen replenishment control valve to open. The valve assembly also includes a pressure relief valve, which is connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe through the two ends of the pressure relief pipe. One end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe between the hydrogen replenishment control valve and the hydrogen evolution water tank, and the other end is connected to the air outlet pipe at the outlet of the one-way valve. The exhaust gas can be discharged by setting the pressure relief valve and the one-way valve. Among them, the exhaust gas discharge mainly includes two ways:

[0058] 1. Conventional exhaust gas emission: A quick plug is installed on the top of the hydrogen supply compartment cover, which is connected to the one-way valve using an explosion-proof PU tube and then to the exhaust pipe. Exhaust gas emission is achieved by the pressure difference at both ends of the one-way valve;

[0059] 2. Unconventional tail gas emissions: The pressure relief valve is connected to the hydrogen evolution water tank through a quick-insert tee. When the pressure in the hydrogen evolution water tank is too high, the pressure relief valve automatically opens, and the pressure relief pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe through the quick-insert tee. Tail gas emissions are stopped until the pressure in the hydrogen evolution water tank is lower than the pressure relief value of the pressure relief valve.

[0060] The air inlet, outlet, and pressure relief pipes are all explosion-proof PU pipes. The pipes of this invention effectively transport hydrogen and oxygen and discharge exhaust gases. The outlet of the hydrogenation water tank of the hydrogenation unit is connected to the pressure relief valve and the hydrogen replenishment control valve via pressure-resistant, explosion-proof PU pipes. Furthermore, the pressure relief valve is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the hydrogen replenishment control valve is connected to the top cover of the hydrogen supply compartment via explosion-proof PU pipes.

[0061] The control assembly may include an explosion-proof wiring harness box and a controller housed within it. The control assembly may also include a switching power supply, circuitry, and a leakage protector (RCD) and air switch installed on the circuitry. The switching power supply is connected to the controller via the circuitry, which in turn is connected to the hydrogen refueling control valve, the raw material dispenser, and the raw material control valve. The RCD provides leakage protection, and the air switch provides circuit protection. The controller is a touchscreen PLC all-in-one. The switching power supply is a 24V switching power supply that converts 220V power to 24V to provide power output. The RCD protects researchers and immediately disconnects when it detects a current exceeding 30mA. The air switch controls the opening and closing of the circuit. The touchscreen PLC all-in-one controls the opening and closing of the raw material dispenser, the raw material control valve, and the hydrogen refueling control valve. The internal information processing program processes and executes the electrical signals fed back by the monitoring assembly to control the overall system. The raw material control valve and the hydrogen refueling control valve can be explosion-proof electric butterfly valves and explosion-proof solenoid valves, respectively.

[0062] The control component receives the monitoring results of the monitoring component and controls the opening and closing of the valve component to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment, which may include:

[0063] The control component receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit monitored by the monitoring component;

[0064] The hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber is compared with a concentration threshold, and when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber is lower than the concentration threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen supply control valve to open the hydrogen supply control valve;

[0065] Within the first preset time after the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment reaches the concentration threshold, and the control component outputs an electrical signal to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to close the hydrogen replenishment control valve; after the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened for the first preset time, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment does not reach the concentration threshold, and the control component determines that the raw material control valve is in a closed state, and outputs an opening instruction to the raw material control valve, until the absolute value of the difference between the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the concentration threshold is less than the absolute value of the difference threshold, then outputs a closing instruction to the raw material control valve, and closes the hydrogen replenishment control valve when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment reaches the concentration threshold;

[0066] When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment is lower than the concentration threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen supply control valve to open the hydrogen supply control valve, including:

[0067] When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment is lower than the concentration threshold, the monitored pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit is compared with the pressure threshold;

[0068] When the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit is not greater than the pressure threshold, after outputting an opening instruction to the raw material control valve for a second preset time, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve; when the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit is greater than the pressure threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve. The second preset time can be a pre-set time or a time obtained based on actual conditions. When it is necessary to determine the second preset time determined based on actual conditions, the following relationship can be satisfied:

[0069]

[0070] Where t is the second preset time, f1(P,V,S1) is the raw material consumption function, f2(μ,ρ p ,d) is the sedimentation rate function, is the mass transfer function; among them, the raw material consumption function determines the raw material consumption, that is, the raw material required for hydrogen generation, by monitoring the current pressure in the water tank body and the current hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber, combined with the volume and ambient temperature of the hydrogen supply chamber. The sedimentation rate function obtains the sedimentation rate of the raw material by combining the raw material density and particle size with the air density and viscosity. The mass transfer function gives the influence of the hydrogen supply device on the raw material transfer by the molar mass and density of the raw material, combined with the directness of the feed pipeline. The raw material consumption function, sedimentation rate function and mass transfer function are combined to determine the final time required for raw material addition, that is, the opening time of the raw material control valve.

[0071] In one application scenario, the second preset time after combining the raw material consumption function, the sedimentation rate function, and the mass transfer function can satisfy the following relationship:

[0072]

[0073] Wherein, t is the second preset time, in seconds, a is the correction coefficient, a=36, μ is the air viscosity, in Pa·s, P is the current pressure in the monitored water tank body, in Pa, V is the volume of the hydrogen supply chamber, in cubic meters, S is the concentration threshold of the hydrogen supply chamber, S1 is the current hydrogen concentration of the monitored hydrogen supply chamber, in mol / m3, is the molar mass of magnesium hydroxide in kg / mol, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the ambient temperature in Kelvin, ρ p is the density of magnesium hydride in kg / m3, ρ f is the air density in kg / m3, D is the diameter of the feed pipe where the raw material control valve is located, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and d is the particle size of the magnesium hydride powder.

[0074] If the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment does not reach the concentration threshold after the hydrogen replenishment control valve has been open for the first preset time, and the control component determines that the raw material control valve is open, the raw material control valve and the hydrogen replenishment control valve are maintained open for a third preset time. After the third preset time, if it is determined that the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment does not reach the concentration threshold, an early warning is issued. The third preset time is 10 to 15 seconds.

[0075] In practical application scenarios, the hydrogen concentration control principle of the present invention is:

[0076] The hydrogen transmitted into the box is evenly filled in the box under the action of the circulating fan, and is detected by the hydrogen and oxygen sensor installed on the top cover. The detected concentration value is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the touch screen PLC all-in-one machine. The program of the touch screen PLC all-in-one machine determines whether the current concentration meets the requirements: when it is determined that the detected concentration value is lower than the concentration threshold, the touch screen PLC all-in-one machine outputs an electrical signal to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve. If the detected concentration value reaches the concentration threshold within 5 to 10 seconds (a first preset time), the touch screen PLC all-in-one machine immediately outputs a signal to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to execute a closing action. Before opening the hydrogen replenishment control valve, it is also necessary to determine whether the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit meets the pressure threshold, that is, to determine whether the hydrogen content in the hydrogen evolution unit meets the requirements. If the pressure threshold is met, the hydrogen replenishment control valve is directly opened. If the pressure threshold is not met, the raw material control valve is opened to prepare hydrogen, and the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened 3 to 5 seconds (a second preset time) after hydrogen preparation. If the concentration value detected after 5 to 10 seconds (the first preset time) does not reach the concentration threshold, the touch screen PLC all-in-one machine outputs a control signal to the raw material control valve and the raw material control valve when the raw material control valve is in the closed state, and starts the raw material control valve and the raw material control valve in sequence. After the raw material control valve is opened, the hydrolysis hydrogen production material (magnesium hydride) falls into the hydrogen evolution water tank. When the difference between the hydrogen concentration and the concentration threshold is less than the absolute value of the difference threshold, the raw material control valve is closed and the raw material control valve is opened. The absolute value of the difference threshold is a hydrogen concentration of 0.09%. When the hydrogen concentration in the tank reaches the concentration threshold, the touch screen PLC all-in-one machine immediately outputs a signal to the hydrogen replenishment control valve to execute the closing action.

[0077] The structural arrangement of the hydrogen supply device in this embodiment is highly integrated, which can improve space efficiency, optimize device costs, and enhance hydrogen supply performance. Figures 2 to 4 Take the following as an example to illustrate, Figure 2 The figure is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hydrogen supply device. Figure 3 The figure shown is a front view of the hydrogen supply device. Figure 4 The figure is a top view of the hydrogen supply device; specifically, the hydrogen supply chamber 1 is taken as a whole, and a plurality of fixed areas are provided on the top cover 12 above the box body 11, and the hydrogen evolution unit 2 and the control component 31 (such as Figure 4As shown), the center of gravity of the hydrogen supply device can be made close to the geometric center. The monitoring component 32 and the valve component 33 are rationally planned, and the main parts of the monitoring component 32 and the valve component 33 are respectively arranged in two fixed areas on both sides of the width direction of the top cover 12. Specifically, the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 is arranged in front of the top cover 12, and the hydrogen and oxygen sensor 321 is arranged at the rear of the top cover 12; the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 is connected to the hydrogen evolution unit 2 and the hydrogen supply chamber 1 through a pipeline, and the pressure sensor 322 is arranged close to the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332; the one-way valve connected to the hydrogen and oxygen sensor 321 and the hydrogen supply chamber 1 through a pipeline is arranged close to the hydrogen and oxygen sensor 321; by positioning the monitoring component 32 and the valve component 33, the length and complexity of the connecting pipeline can be reduced, and the center of gravity of the hydrogen supply device can be ensured to be close to the geometric center. Wherein, hydrogenation unit 2 is fixed on top cover 12 by hydrogenation water tank 21, and raw material dispenser 22 is arranged on hydrogenation water tank 21, and raw material control valve 331 is set in raw material dispenser 22 and hydrogenation water tank 21, it is possible to avoid additionally setting raw material conveying element.By the setting of hydrogen supply unit 2 and control assembly 31 in top cover 12 length directions, and the setting of monitoring assembly 32 and valve assembly 33 in top cover 12 width directions, there is a cross-shaped design, the distance between the overall center of gravity of hydrogen supply device and geometric center can be reduced, so that hydrogen supply device has higher stability during use, and by considering the coordination of monitoring assembly 32 and valve assembly 33, it is cross-set, realize reducing the layout length and overall device complexity of pipeline, can reduce hydrogen loss and hydrogen concentration control rate in hydrogen supply process.In addition, other components and observation windows can be set in the middle area of ​​top cover 12, and the position of this observation window is located in the central area, can better to the inspection in hydrogen supply chamber 1. In addition, the hydrogen supply device of this embodiment can operate continuously as a whole, and achieve the purpose of explosion-proof and flame-retardant, and controllable hydrogen concentration.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a hydrogen supply method with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, using the above-mentioned hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, the hydrogen supply method includes:

[0079] The raw materials for preparing hydrogen are placed in the hydrogen evolution unit;

[0080] The control component receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit monitored by the monitoring component, and controls the opening and closing of the valve component to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply compartment.

[0081] In actual application scenarios, Figures 1 to 4 The structure shown in FIG. 1 is used as an example to illustrate the specific steps of the hydrogen supply method of this embodiment. The hydrogen supply method may include:

[0082] The raw materials for preparing hydrogen are placed in the hydrogen evolution unit 2 for subsequent provision of hydrogen;

[0083] During the hydrogen supply process, the control component 31 can be configured according to the required hydrogen concentration, so that the valve component 33 is adjusted according to the hydrogen concentration monitored by the monitoring component 32 and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit to achieve hydrogen regulation.

[0084] Specifically, during the hydrogen supply process, the control component 31 receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit monitored by the monitoring component 32, and can display the monitored hydrogen concentration and pressure for reference or direct adjustment by the staff; the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 can also be directly compared with a preset concentration threshold. When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 is lower than the concentration threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332.

[0085] Since the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogenation water tank 21 at different times is uncertain, it may satisfy the hydrogen concentration regulation of the hydrogen supply chamber 1, or it may not be sufficient to regulate the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 to a preset concentration threshold. Based on this situation, in this embodiment, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 reaches the concentration threshold within the first preset time after the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 is opened, and the control component can output an electrical signal to the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 to close the hydrogen replenishment control valve, at which time the hydrogen concentration regulation of the hydrogen supply chamber 1 can be completed directly. After the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 is opened for the first preset time, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 does not reach the concentration threshold, indicating that the hydrogen in the hydrogenation water tank 21 or the rate of hydrogen production cannot meet the hydrogen concentration regulation of the hydrogen supply chamber 1. At this time, it is necessary to control the raw materials for preparing hydrogen added to the hydrogenation water tank 21 to increase the hydrogen production rate in the hydrogenation water tank 21.

[0086] In actual application scenarios, the control component 31 outputs an opening instruction to the raw material control valve 331. The raw material control valve 331 is opened to allow the raw material in the raw material dispenser 22 to enter the hydrogen evolution water tank 21 to undergo a hydrogen evolution reaction, thereby increasing the amount of hydrogen produced. When it is detected that the absolute value of the difference between the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 and the concentration threshold is less than the absolute value of the difference threshold, a closing instruction is output to the raw material control valve 331. At this time, the raw material control valve 331 is closed, and the raw material dispenser 22 stops feeding raw material into the hydrogen evolution water tank 21. However, since the hydrogen evolution reaction still occurs in the hydrogen evolution water tank 21 and hydrogen is continuously produced, the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 can be closed when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 reaches the concentration threshold to complete the regulation of the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1. When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 has not reached the concentration threshold, the raw material control valve 331 may still be open. At this time, the open state of the raw material control valve 331 and the open state of the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 can be maintained for the third preset time, and after the third preset time, it can be judged whether the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 has reached the concentration threshold. If the concentration threshold is still not reached after the third preset time, it means that there is a fault in the hydrogen supply device or the raw material in the raw material dispenser 22 is insufficient. An alarm unit can be set to remind the staff to ensure the continuous operation of the hydrogen supply device.

[0087] In addition, when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber 1 is lower than the concentration threshold, since there may be a condition where the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit 2 is insufficient to be transported to the hydrogen supply chamber 1, the monitored pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit 2 can be compared with the pressure threshold before outputting an electrical signal to the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332; when the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit 2 is not greater than the pressure threshold, an opening instruction can be first output to the raw material control valve 331 to allow the raw material of the raw material dispenser 22 to enter the hydrogen evolution water tank 21 to generate hydrogen, thereby increasing the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit 2, and supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen supply chamber 1 after the hydrogen pressure meets the pressure threshold, that is, when the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit 2 is greater than the pressure threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332. Among them, the electrical signal can be output to the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 to open the hydrogen replenishment control valve 332 after the raw material control valve 331 is opened for a second preset time.

[0088] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts become known.

[0089] Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0090] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention.

[0091] Changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0092] If the modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention

[0093] It is intended that such modifications and variations be included as well.

Claims

1. A hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen supply chamber (1) comprises a box body (11), a top cover (12) sealing the box body (11), and an air inlet pipe (13) and an air outlet pipe (14) provided on the top cover (12); A hydrogen evolution unit (2) is fixed on the top cover (12) and communicated with the air inlet pipe (13), and is used for storing raw materials for preparing hydrogen and providing hydrogen to the hydrogen supply chamber (1); A concentration control unit comprises a control component (31), a monitoring component (32) and a valve component (33). The monitoring component (32) is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit (2). The valve component (33) is provided on the air inlet pipe (13) and the air outlet pipe (14). The control component (31) receives the monitoring result of the monitoring component (32) and controls the opening and closing of the valve component (33) to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1).

2. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen supply chamber (1) comprises a sealing ring and a plurality of locking clips (15). The sealing ring is fixed to the top cover (12) and / or the box body (11). The locking clips (15) are arranged along the circumference of the contact position between the top cover (12) and the box body (11) and cooperate with the sealing ring, the top cover (12) and the box body (11) to form a closed space in the hydrogen supply chamber (1).

3. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen evolution unit (2) comprises a hydrogen evolution water tank (21) and a raw material dispenser (22). The hydrogen evolution water tank (21) is fixed to a side of the top cover (12) away from the box body (11). The top of the hydrogen evolution water tank (21) is communicated with an air inlet pipe (13). The raw material dispenser (22) is fixed on the hydrogen evolution water tank (21) and communicated with the hydrogen evolution water tank (21), and is used to store hydrolysis hydrogen production materials.

4. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen evolution water tank (21) comprises a water tank body (211), a sealing cover (212) and a water tank sealing ring. The water tank sealing ring is arranged on the water tank body (211) and / or the sealing cover (212). A buckle (213) is provided on the water tank body (211). One end of the sealing cover (212) is rotatably connected to the water tank body (211), and the other end is locked in cooperation with the buckle (213).

5. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve assembly (33) includes a raw material control valve and a hydrogen replenishment control valve. The raw material control valve is connected to the control assembly (31) by signal. The raw material dispenser (22) is connected to the hydrogen evolution water tank (21) through the raw material control valve. The hydrogen replenishment control valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe (13).

6. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring component (32) includes a hydrogen and oxygen sensor (321) and a pressure sensor (322). The hydrogen and oxygen sensor (321) is used to monitor the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) in real time. The pressure sensor (322) is used to monitor the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit (2) in real time. The monitoring component (32) sends the monitoring results to the control component (31) via an electrical signal.

7. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve assembly (33) includes an outlet regulating valve connected to the air inlet pipe (13) and the air outlet pipe (14). The outlet regulating valve is used to regulate the pressure in the hydrogen evolution water tank (21) and discharge the tail gas from the hydrogen supply chamber (1).

8. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas outlet regulating valve comprises a one-way valve (333) and a pressure relief valve (334). The one-way valve (333) is communicated with the gas outlet pipe (14) and is in communication with the control component (31). The pressure relief valve (334) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (13) between the hydrogen replenishment control valve (332) and the hydrogen evolution water tank (21) through the pressure relief pipe. The outlet end of the one-way valve (333) is in communication with the pressure relief pipe.

9. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control component (31) receives the monitoring result of the monitoring component (32) and controls the opening and closing of the valve component (33) to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1), including: The control component (31) receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit (2) monitored by the monitoring component (32); When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) is lower than a concentration threshold, an electrical signal is output to the hydrogen supply control valve to open the hydrogen supply control valve; When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) reaches a concentration threshold within a first preset time period after the hydrogen supply control valve is opened, the control component (31) outputs an electrical signal to the hydrogen supply control valve to close the hydrogen supply control valve; After the hydrogen replenishment control valve is opened for a first preset time, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) does not reach a concentration threshold, and the control component (31) opens the raw material control valve until the absolute value of the difference between the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) and the concentration threshold is less than the absolute value of the difference threshold, and then closes the raw material control valve. The hydrogen replenishment control valve is closed when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) reaches the concentration threshold.

10. A method for supplying hydrogen with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration, characterized in that: Using the hydrogen supply device with continuously controllable hydrogen concentration as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the hydrogen supply method includes: A raw material for preparing hydrogen is placed in the hydrogen evolution unit (2); The control component (31) receives the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1) and the pressure in the hydrogen evolution unit (2) monitored by the monitoring component (32), and controls the opening and closing of the valve component (33) to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply chamber (1).

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