Design method of photovoltaic curtain wall building application model

Abstract

The invention provides a design method of a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model, and the design method comprises the steps: constructing a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model, and obtaining a typical building model and typical meteorological data; according to the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model, the typical building model and the typical meteorological data, basic energy consumption of a building and photovoltaic curtain wall power generation under different installation gaps are obtained through calculation; calculating the comprehensive energy consumption of the building according to the basic energy consumption of the building and the generating capacity of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different mounting gaps; and generating a plurality of photovoltaic curtain wall building application models according to the building comprehensive energy consumption, the photovoltaic curtain wall generating capacity under different installation gaps and the building use function. Based on an analog simulation method, photovoltaic curtain wall generating capacity, building comprehensive energy consumption and building use functions under different installation gaps are comprehensively considered, and the purposes of high generating capacity and low comprehensive energy consumption of building design are achieved by comparing multiple sets of models.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of building energy-saving technology, and specifically relates to a design method for a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model. Background Art

[0002] In China's construction industry, the proportion of building energy consumption in total social energy consumption has been increasing year by year, prompting significant attention to research on low-carbon, energy-efficient buildings. Solar energy, as a renewable energy source, can effectively alleviate the energy crisis. Currently, more and more architectural designs are integrating photovoltaics with buildings, combining power generation with rooftop design to significantly enhance the building's appearance. Research on photovoltaic curtain walls is gradually gaining momentum. As a product of combining photovoltaic power generation with architectural curtain walls, photovoltaic curtain wall products are now diverse, with products such as imitation building materials and translucent photovoltaic curtain walls, featuring a growing range of functions and more in line with architectural design aesthetics.

[0003] Currently, photovoltaic curtain walls are installed in buildings based on the building's exterior design requirements. This approach offers the advantage of maximizing the integrity of the building's exterior while also allowing for standardized production and installation. However, research has shown that traditional design methods result in an inadequate match between photovoltaic curtain wall power generation efficiency and building energy consumption. This undermines the building's energy-saving potential, hinders effective energy conservation and emission reduction, and lacks consideration of building energy consumption. Furthermore, excessive photovoltaic curtain wall installation can lead to increased construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this application is: how to provide a design method for a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model that can increase power generation and reduce comprehensive energy consumption.

[0005] This application provides a design method for a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model, the design method comprising:

[0006] Build a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model and obtain typical building models and typical meteorological data;

[0007] The basic energy consumption of the building and the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps are calculated according to the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model, the typical building model, and the typical meteorological data;

[0008] The comprehensive energy consumption of the building is calculated based on the basic energy consumption of the building and the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps;

[0009] Several photovoltaic curtain wall building application models are generated according to the comprehensive energy consumption of the building, the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps and the building usage function.

[0010] Optionally, the method for constructing a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model includes:

[0011] Obtaining the physical and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall components;

[0012] A photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is preliminarily constructed based on the physical parameters and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall;

[0013] The photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is simulated and run, and the accuracy of the model is verified through field performance testing to determine the parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model.

[0014] Optionally, the calculation formula of the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model preliminarily constructed based on the physical parameters and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall is:

[0015] E=G T *η0[1-β C (T C -T C,STC )]

[0016] Where, E is the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall, G T is the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel, η0 is the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency measured under standard conditions, β C is the temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic cell, T C is the working temperature of the photovoltaic module, T C,STC For standard ambient temperature.

[0017] Alternatively, the formula for expressing the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps is as follows:

[0018] E=G T A pv (τβ) pv +h pva (T a -T pv )+h skypv (T sky -T pv )A skypv

[0019]

[0020] T sky =0.0552T a 1.5

[0021] Where, E is the output power of the photovoltaic panel, G T is the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic module, A pv is the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, (τβ) pv is the effective absorption rate of the photovoltaic module, h pva is the convection heat transfer coefficient between the photovoltaic module and the surrounding air, Ta is the ambient temperature, T pv is the average operating temperature of the photovoltaic module, h skypv is the radiation energy coefficient between the photovoltaic module and the sky, T sky is the sky temperature, A skypv is the radiation area of ​​the photovoltaic module to the sky, ε is the gray body emissivity, and δ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

[0022] The design method of a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model provided in this application has the following technical effects:

[0023] Based on the simulation method, the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation, building comprehensive energy consumption and building usage function under different installation gaps are comprehensively considered. By comparing multiple groups of models, the building design achieves the goal of high power generation and low comprehensive energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for designing a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model according to one or more embodiments.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a typical building model according to one or more embodiments.

[0026] Figure 3 The power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall at different installation gaps according to one or more embodiments.

[0027] Figure 4 The following are simulation results of energy consumption performance under different installation facade orientations at the same window-to-wall ratio according to one or more embodiments.

[0028] Figure 5 The following are simulation results of energy consumption performance under different window-to-wall ratios facing south according to one or more embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0030] Before describing the various embodiments of the present application in detail, we first briefly describe the technical concept of the present application: Current photovoltaic curtain wall design methods have problems such as insufficient matching between power generation efficiency and building energy consumption. To this end, the present application provides a design method for a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model. Based on a simulation method, it comprehensively considers the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation under different installation gaps, the building's comprehensive energy consumption, and the building's usage function. By comparing multiple groups of models, the building design achieves the goal of high power generation and low comprehensive energy consumption. The following describes the specific principles of the design method of the photovoltaic curtain wall building application model of the present application in conjunction with more embodiments.

[0031] Specifically, if Figure 1 The design method of the photovoltaic curtain wall building application model of the first embodiment includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S10: construct a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model and obtain typical building models and typical meteorological data.

[0033] Step S20: Calculate the basic energy consumption of the building and the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps based on the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model, the typical building model, and typical meteorological data.

[0034] Step S30: Calculate the comprehensive energy consumption of the building based on the basic energy consumption of the building and the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps.

[0035] Step S40: generating a number of photovoltaic curtain wall building application models according to the comprehensive energy consumption of the building, the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall at different installation gaps, and the building usage function.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, the method for constructing a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model includes: first, obtaining the photovoltaic curtain wall physical parameters and electrical parameters of the actual components of the photovoltaic curtain wall. The two parameters can be obtained by analyzing the actual components of the photovoltaic curtain wall. Then, a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is preliminarily constructed based on the physical parameters and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall. Finally, the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is simulated and the accuracy of the model is verified through field performance testing to determine the parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model. Here, the simulation model can be simulated using the simulation software EnergyPlus. According to the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency, the temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic cell and the working temperature measured according to the actual measured standard conditions of the photovoltaic curtain wall components, the accuracy of the model is verified according to the field performance test.

[0037] Among them, the calculation formula of the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is preliminarily constructed based on the physical parameters and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall:

[0038] E=G T *η0[1-β C (T C -TC,STC )]

[0039] Where, E is the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall, G T is the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel, η0 is the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency measured under standard conditions, β C is the temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic cell, T C is the working temperature of the photovoltaic module, T C,STC For standard ambient temperature.

[0040] For example, typical building models are mainly public buildings, including but not limited to office buildings, commercial complexes, transportation hubs, etc. Multiple groups of comparative models are established based on the building characteristic parameters such as the building area, building shape, window-to-wall ratio, and orientation of the target building. The photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is integrated with the typical building model through the EnergyPlus simulation software to generate multiple groups of overall application models for studying comprehensive energy consumption.

[0041] For example, typical meteorological data uses the Typical Meteorological Year (TMY), a representative meteorological dataset used to describe the long-term climate characteristics of a region. Based on historical meteorological data, a hypothetical year consists of 12 months close to the long-term average. It covers multiple key meteorological factors, including temperature, humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and precipitation. Its core purpose is to provide standardized meteorological input parameters for building energy simulation and energy system design, thereby evaluating the energy performance of buildings under different climate conditions and helping to achieve better photovoltaic applications when designing photovoltaic buildings in different regions.

[0042] In one or more embodiments, photovoltaic curtain wall components are modeled using EnergyPlus. Parameter settings are used to model different installation gaps, and the power generation at different installation gaps is determined. The installation gap with the highest power generation is then determined as a standard for photovoltaic building design. The power generation efficiency of photovoltaic curtain walls is affected by environmental factors. Ignoring convection heat transfer between the component housing and the surrounding air, the formula for expressing the power generation of photovoltaic curtain walls at different installation gaps is as follows:

[0043] E=G T A pv (τβ) pv +h pva (T a -T pv )+h skypv (T sky -T pv )A skypv

[0044]

[0045] T sky =0.0552T a 1.5

[0046] Where, E is the output power of the photovoltaic panel, G T is the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic module, A pv is the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, (τβ) pv is the effective absorption rate of the photovoltaic module, h pva is the convection heat transfer coefficient between the photovoltaic module and the surrounding air, T a is the ambient temperature, T pv is the average operating temperature of the photovoltaic module, h skypv is the radiation energy coefficient between the photovoltaic module and the sky, T sky is the sky temperature, A skypv is the radiation area of ​​the photovoltaic module to the sky, ε is the gray body emissivity, and δ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

[0047] For example, EnergyPlus's built-in model simulates and outputs energy consumption data for internal air conditioning, heating, lighting, and other electrical energy consumption. Combined with the power generated by the photovoltaic curtain wall, this data generates the building's overall energy consumption. Furthermore, the results from different models can be compared to select the lowest overall energy consumption. Furthermore, the software can be modified and optimized based on building functional requirements, such as minimum indoor lighting standards and indoor equipment operating hours, as well as existing issues, to arrive at the optimal building application solution.

[0048] The following describes the detailed process of the above design method with reference to specific examples and parameters.

[0049] Since the power generation performance of photovoltaic curtain walls is determined by many factors such as component materials, solar radiation intensity, and operating temperature, we first analyze the actual components of the photovoltaic curtain wall to obtain the physical and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall and build a simulation model of the photovoltaic curtain wall components. In actual operation, relevant parameters can be obtained from the photovoltaic curtain wall manufacturer or past experience. The standard conditions for this study are temperature 25°C, air mass 1.5, and solar irradiance 1000W / m 2 Under standard laboratory conditions, the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic curtain wall assembly was verified to be 16%, and the temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic cell was -0.214% / ℃.

[0050] Next, multiple sets of comparison models are established based on the target building's building area, building shape, window-to-wall ratio, orientation and other building characteristic parameters. This example uses office buildings in multiple industrial parks in the Yangtze River Delta region as prototypes to construct a typical building model. The model has a single-story plan of 30m×30m rectangular layout and a total building area of ​​10,800m2 (12 floors × 900m 2 / layer), with a floor height of 4m. This scale not only meets the spatial modulus requirements of the "Office Building Design Code JGJ67-2019", but also effectively reflects the thermal characteristics of the building's exterior envelope. The overall modeling of the office building is as follows Figure 2 Each floor of the office building is divided into four outer areas (10m in depth) and a central inner area (10m×10m) to study the impact of different installation facade orientations. Using EnergyPlus simulation software, the windows are set as translucent photovoltaic curtain walls, and the walls are installed with photovoltaic curtain walls made of imitation building materials. The photovoltaic curtain wall model is integrated with the typical building model to generate multiple sets of overall application models for studying comprehensive energy consumption.

[0051] Then, proceed to city selection and import of typical meteorological year data. Select the city where the building is located according to needs, and import the local typical meteorological year data. This time, select the typical meteorological year data of Shanghai, a typical city in the hot summer and warm winter area.

[0052] Next, the optimal installation gap is determined. This simulation selected the common installation gap range of 0.04m-0.08m as a research example. The annual power generation performance of the photovoltaic curtain wall with different installation facades was obtained. In actual applications, further installation gap simulation can be performed based on the requirements of component connectors.

[0053] Then, the comprehensive energy consumption simulation of the building: first complete the relevant parameter settings of the building, and the design team can modify them according to needs. This simulation is based on the relevant green building standards and requirements. The basic energy consumption of artificial lighting in the office in the software is 10W / m 2 The lighting index is set to 400 lux; the cooling temperature in summer is set to 24°C, and the heating temperature in winter is set to 21°C. The working hours are from 8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. The COP of the air conditioner is 3, the minimum requirement for air-cooled units in the standard. The indoor and outdoor air exchange rate is 1.5 times / hour. The office population distribution is 14 people / 100m 2 , the electrical consumption of other equipment is 8W / m 2 On this basis, the building energy consumption simulation is carried out, and the photovoltaic curtain wall in the comprehensive energy consumption takes the installation gap with the highest annual power generation among all installation gaps.

[0054] Finally, building application solution selection: photovoltaic curtain wall power generation according to different installation gaps Figure 3 and the simulation results of internal energy consumption of the building Figure 4 、 Figure 5By comparing ordinary buildings without photovoltaic curtain walls, Shanghai's energy-saving effect can reach up to 13.24%. Within the installation gap range considered in this simulation, 0.04m is the gap with the highest power generation among the four installation facade orientations. At the same time, as the installation gap increases, the annual power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall decreases. In this simulation, considering only the orientation of the photovoltaic curtain wall installation facade and the architectural factors of the window-to-wall ratio, the following building design scheme is obtained. When the building window-to-wall ratio is 0.5, installing photovoltaic curtain walls on the south-facing facade results in the lowest comprehensive energy consumption, while the west-facing building has the highest comprehensive energy consumption. The south-facing facade has an energy-saving advantage of 13.6% over the west-facing facade. The simulation results for different window-to-wall ratio settings for the south-facing facade show that the overall performance is best when the window-to-wall ratio is 0.4, while the performance is worst when the window-to-wall ratio reaches 0.7. In actual design, photovoltaic buildings can be designed based on the installation orientation, building shape, installation gap, photovoltaic coverage range, and other angles, considering single or multiple angles.

[0055] The design method of the photovoltaic curtain wall building application model provided in this embodiment analyzes the application design of photovoltaic curtain walls in buildings in a digital manner based on simulation software. The simulation software can simulate buildings in different regions, under different building factors and other conditions, so that the design team can find the optimal solution for low-carbon and energy-saving design of buildings before construction. By establishing a coupled calculation framework of the photovoltaic curtain wall parameter model and the dynamic energy consumption of the building, intelligent matching of design parameters and climate characteristics is achieved. The digital processing method is more efficient, scientific, and has better practicality.

[0056] The above describes in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments can be modified and improved without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents. These modifications and improvements should also be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A design method for a photovoltaic curtain wall building application model, characterized in that: The design method includes: Build a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model and obtain typical building models and typical meteorological data; The basic energy consumption of the building and the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps are calculated according to the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model, the typical building model, and the typical meteorological data; The comprehensive energy consumption of the building is calculated based on the basic energy consumption of the building and the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps; Several photovoltaic curtain wall building application models are generated according to the comprehensive energy consumption of the building, the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall under different installation gaps and the building usage function.

2. The design method of the photovoltaic curtain wall building application model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The methods for constructing a photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model include: Obtaining the physical and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall components; A photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is preliminarily constructed based on the physical parameters and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall; The photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model is simulated and run, and the accuracy of the model is verified through field performance testing to determine the parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model.

3. The design method of the photovoltaic curtain wall building application model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the photovoltaic curtain wall power generation simulation model preliminarily constructed based on the physical parameters and electrical parameters of the photovoltaic curtain wall is: E=G T *η0[1-β C (T C -T C,STC )] Where, E is the power generation of the photovoltaic curtain wall, G T is the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel, η0 is the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency measured under standard conditions, β C is the temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic cell, T C is the working temperature of the photovoltaic module, T C,STC For standard ambient temperature.

4. The design method of the photovoltaic curtain wall building application model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for expressing the power generation of photovoltaic curtain walls under different installation gaps is as follows: E=G T A pv (τβ) pv + h pva (T a -T pv ) + h skypv (T sky -T pv )A skypv T sky =0.0552T a 1.5 Where, E is the output power of the photovoltaic panel, G T is the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic module, A pv is the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, (τβ) pv is the effective absorption rate of the photovoltaic module, h pva is the convection heat transfer coefficient between the photovoltaic module and the surrounding air, T a is the ambient temperature, T pv is the average operating temperature of the photovoltaic module, h skypv is the radiation energy coefficient between the photovoltaic module and the sky, T sky is the sky temperature, A skypv is the radiation area of ​​the photovoltaic module to the sky, ε is the gray body emissivity, and δ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

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