High and cold working condition electric energy management control circuit and method based on special vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of special vehicles, in particular to an alpine working condition electric energy management control circuit and method based on a special vehicle, which can solve the charging maintenance problem of a low-voltage lithium battery under high-voltage and alpine working conditions and meet the living electricity demand of special vehicle personnel by utilizing a main engine power generation system and an auxiliary engine power supply of the special vehicle. According to the electric energy management control circuit, the charging problem of a low-voltage lithium battery at an extremely low temperature is solved through host / auxiliary machine power supply cooperative control, dynamic inversion output and an intelligent charging strategy, stable supply of domestic electricity is achieved, and the electric energy management control circuit has the characteristics of being adaptive to the environment temperature, the battery state and the load requirement; and the combat and survivability of the special vehicle in the high and cold environment is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of special vehicles, and in particular to a power management control circuit and method based on special vehicles under high-cold working conditions. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the power supply systems for special vehicles mostly consist of a power generation system and lead-acid batteries. However, lead-acid batteries suffer from low energy density. Their sustained discharge capacity is poor in high-altitude, cold operating conditions, making them unable to meet the power needs of special vehicles in such extreme environments. To address this issue, a new energy storage power source (low-voltage lithium battery) is being used to replace lead-acid batteries, effectively improving the energy storage performance of special vehicles in high-altitude, cold operating conditions.

[0003] But at the same time, a new problem arises, namely the charging problem of low-voltage lithium batteries, which needs to be solved urgently. Under high-altitude and cold working conditions, the environmental conditions are harsh. How to use the main power generation system and auxiliary power supply of special vehicles to build an effective low-voltage lithium battery automatic charging control circuit to ensure the charging and maintenance of low-voltage lithium batteries has become a technical problem that needs to be overcome urgently. In addition, in order to meet the living electricity needs of special vehicle personnel under high-altitude and cold working conditions, a suitable power inverter device needs to be designed. Therefore, the development of a high-altitude and cold working condition power management control circuit and method based on special vehicles has important practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes an electric energy management control circuit and method based on special vehicles in high-cold working conditions, which can utilize the main power generation system and auxiliary power supply of special vehicles to solve the charging and maintenance problems of low-voltage lithium batteries in high-voltage and high-cold working conditions, as well as the living electricity needs of special vehicle personnel.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A power management control circuit for special vehicles in cold weather conditions, comprising:

[0007] Host power generation system, used to charge low-voltage lithium batteries and provide main power;

[0008] Low-voltage lithium batteries, as energy storage devices, enable bidirectional power transmission with an SOC range of 0% to 100%;

[0009] Auxiliary power supply, including auxiliary generator and controller, used to automatically start charging the low-voltage lithium battery when the battery is low;

[0010] Intelligent power distribution system, integrating engine water temperature monitoring, pre-lubrication pump control, diesel pump control and heating pot power supply functions;

[0011] Power inverter device, converting DC voltage into AC voltage;

[0012] The display and control device monitors the SOC state of the low-voltage lithium battery in real time, triggers the charging control logic of the auxiliary power supply or the main engine power generation system according to the SOC threshold, and controls the start and stop of the heating pot, the main switch contactor and the auxiliary power supply at the same time;

[0013] Among them, the display and control device performs duty power supply control, dynamic adjustment of domestic power consumption, and automatic charging management of the low-voltage lithium battery according to the battery SOC state.

[0014] Among them, the main engine power generation system includes a generator, a power generation controller and a connecting cable, has overvoltage, overcurrent protection and current-limiting output functions, and outputs a stable DC 28V power supply.

[0015] Among them, the power inverter device is equipped with a standard industrial interface, and the output power is dynamically adjusted according to the battery SOC state.

[0016] Among them, when SOC≥80%, the output power is 2kW;

[0017] When 60% < SOC ≤ 80%, the output power is 1kW;

[0018] When 40% < SOC ≤ 60%, the output power is 500W;

[0019] When SOC ≤ 40%, the inverter device output is turned off.

[0020] Among them, the intelligent power distribution system executes the following power supply control strategy under the duty condition:

[0021] When SOC≥35%, supply power to the duty equipment; when SOC≤30%, cut off the power supply of the duty equipment and send an alarm signal.

[0022] Among them, in the charging mode of the auxiliary power supply, when SOC ≤ 20%, the display and control device controls the main switch contactor to close and sends a start signal to the auxiliary power supply; the auxiliary generator charges the low-voltage lithium battery at a constant voltage of 28V; when SOC≥90% or the charging current ≤ 10A, the auxiliary power supply stops working.

[0023] Among them, the main engine power supply charging mode is applicable to the situation without an auxiliary power supply, and includes the following steps: detecting the engine water temperature, if the water temperature ≤ 15°C, start the heating pot to heat until the water temperature ≥ 40°C; judge whether the following conditions are met: engine water temperature ≥ 40°C, diesel fuel volume ≥ 150L, vehicle gear is in neutral; after meeting the conditions, start the pre-lubrication pump, electric horn, and diesel pump in sequence, and drive the main engine to run at a stable speed; the generator set outputs 28V DC power to charge the low-voltage lithium battery; when SOC≥85% or the charging current ≤ 10A, the main engine stops running.

[0024] The display and control device communicates with each subsystem via the CAN bus to achieve data acquisition and control instruction issuance, supporting remote monitoring and fault diagnosis.

[0025] The present invention also provides a power management control method using the control circuit of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Real-time monitoring of the SOC status of low-voltage lithium batteries;

[0027] Execute power supply control under on-duty conditions based on SOC status;

[0028] Dynamically adjust the output power of household electricity based on SOC status;

[0029] Depending on whether there is auxiliary power supply, choose to start the auxiliary power supply or the main engine engine for charging;

[0030] During the charging process, the starting conditions are determined based on the engine water temperature, oil level, and gear position; after charging is completed, the charging process is automatically terminated based on the SOC status and charging current.

[0031] Beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The power management control circuit of this invention solves the charging challenge of low-voltage lithium batteries in extreme low temperatures through coordinated control of main and auxiliary power supplies, dynamic inverter output, and intelligent charging strategies. It also ensures a stable supply of electricity for daily use. Its adaptive characteristics adapt to ambient temperature, battery status, and load demand, significantly improving the operational and survivability of special vehicles in high-altitude and cold environments. To address the current difficulties in charging low-voltage lithium batteries in high-altitude and cold conditions, this invention establishes a comprehensive automatic charging management system. Using both auxiliary power supply and main power supply charging control modes, the charging process is precisely triggered based on the battery charge level. When the special vehicle is equipped with an auxiliary power supply and the battery capacity is ≤20%, the auxiliary power supply is automatically started to charge the battery. When the auxiliary power supply is not available, a series of rigorous control logic, such as engine water temperature and diesel fuel level, is used to sequentially start the main engine to charge the battery. Furthermore, based on the lithium battery's SOC and charging current, the circuit automatically controls the end of charging to prevent overcharging. This effectively ensures stable charging and service life of the low-voltage lithium battery in extreme environments, and enhances the reliability of the power system of special vehicles in high-altitude and cold conditions.

[0033] 2. The present invention has developed an intelligent power control strategy. According to the different power ranges of the low-voltage lithium battery, the electric energy is reasonably distributed. Under the on-duty condition, when the battery capacity is ≥35%, the on-duty equipment is powered. When it is ≤30%, the power supply is automatically stopped and an alarm is issued to prevent excessive discharge of the battery. When the power is supplied for daily life, the power is adjusted in a stepped manner from 2kW to shut down the output according to the power consumption, which not only meets the daily power consumption needs of the passengers in different scenarios, but also maximizes the protection of the battery power, ensuring the power supply of key equipment in the vehicle in standby mode, and realizing efficient utilization and reasonable allocation of electric energy.

[0034] 3. In the main engine power charging control, through strict detection of engine water temperature, diesel oil quantity and other conditions, the electric pre-lubrication pump, electric horn, diesel pump and other equipment are controlled to work in coordination to ensure that the engine can start smoothly under high-cold working conditions, providing a solid guarantee for the normal operation of the vehicle and reducing the risk of vehicle failure due to power system problems.

[0035] 4. The power inverter device designed in the present invention can stably invert the DC 24V voltage into AC 220V / 50Hz with a rated power of 2kW, and is equipped with a standard power interface, which meets the diverse living electricity needs of special vehicle personnel in high-altitude and cold working conditions, such as the use of various household appliances, etc., significantly improving the quality of life of personnel in extreme environments and expanding the functional applicability of special vehicles.

[0036] 5. The power generation system's overvoltage and overcurrent protection, current-limiting output, and other features, along with fuses and other components in the main distribution box, ensure the safety of power distribution. The tightly coordinated control logic and automatic protection mechanisms between system components, including intelligent control of battery charging and power supply to electrical devices, effectively reduce the probability of system failures and enhance the safety and reliability of the entire power management system in harsh, high-altitude environments.

[0037] 6. In the method of the present invention, the charging process is precisely triggered according to the battery power level through two modes: auxiliary power supply charging control and main power supply charging control. When the special vehicle is equipped with an auxiliary power supply and the battery capacity is ≤20%, the auxiliary power supply is automatically started to charge the battery. When there is no auxiliary power supply, a series of rigorous control logic, such as engine water temperature, diesel oil level and other conditions, is used to start the main engine in an orderly manner to charge the battery. At the same time, based on the SOC state and charging current of the lithium battery, the charging end time is automatically controlled to avoid overcharging, effectively ensuring the stable charging and service life of the low-voltage lithium battery in extreme environments, and improving the reliability of the power supply system of special vehicles in high-cold working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power management control circuit for high-cold working conditions based on a special vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] The present invention discloses a power management control circuit based on a special vehicle in cold working conditions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a main power generation system, a low-voltage lithium battery, an auxiliary power supply, an intelligent power distribution system, a power inverter device and a display and control device; the display and control device triggers the charging control logic of the auxiliary power supply or the main power generation system through the SOC threshold.

[0041] Specifically, the main engine power generation system includes a generator, a generator controller, and connecting cables. It features overvoltage and overcurrent protection and outputs 28V DC power. The power generation system's primary function is to ensure a stable and reliable power supply for special vehicles. It provides overvoltage and overcurrent protection, current limiting output, and reset functions. The power generation system includes the generator, a generator controller, and connecting cables. The generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The generator controller regulates the generator's excitation current to achieve voltage regulation and protection.

[0042] Low-voltage lithium batteries are energy storage devices with bidirectional power transmission, and the SOC (state of charge) range is 0% to 100%.

[0043] The auxiliary power supply includes an auxiliary generator and a controller, which is used to automatically start charging when the low-voltage lithium battery is low on power.

[0044] The intelligent power distribution system integrates starter motor control, heating pot power supply and engine water temperature monitoring functions.

[0045] The power inverter device converts 24V DC into 220V / 50Hz AC, with a maximum output power of 2kW and supports dynamic power adjustment.

[0046] The display and control device monitors the capacity of the low-voltage lithium battery in real time, and controls the start and stop of the heating pot, main switch contactor and auxiliary power supply.

[0047] The interface in the circuit is a standard power interface, providing 220V / 50Hz industrial standard power output.

[0048] Based on the high-cold working condition power management control circuit based on special vehicles of the present invention, the present invention proposes a high-cold working condition power management control method based on special vehicles, which monitors the low-voltage lithium battery capacity (SOC) in real time and performs on-duty working condition power supply control, dynamic adjustment of daily electricity consumption, and automatic charging management of low-voltage lithium batteries based on the real-time results. The details are as follows:

[0049] Power supply control for on-duty conditions: When SOC ≥ 35%, the intelligent power distribution system will supply power to on-duty equipment such as the heating pot; when SOC ≤ 30%, the display and control device will trigger an alarm and automatically cut off the power supply to the on-duty equipment.

[0050] Dynamic regulation of household electricity consumption: When SOC ≥ 80%, the power inverter device outputs 2kW AC power; when SOC ≤ 60%, the output power is reduced to 1kW; when SOC ≤ 40%, the output power is further reduced to 500W; when SOC ≤ 35%, the inverter device is completely shut down.

[0051] Low-voltage lithium battery automatic charging management auxiliary power supply charging mode and host power supply charging mode (when there is no auxiliary power supply), as follows:

[0052] (1) Auxiliary power supply charging mode

[0053] When SOC≤20%, the display and control device controls the main switch contactor to close and sends a start signal to the auxiliary power supply; after the auxiliary power supply is started, the auxiliary generator charges the low-voltage lithium battery at a constant voltage of 28V.

[0054] When SOC≥90% or charging current≤10A, the auxiliary engine will automatically shut down and stop working.

[0055] (2) Host power charging mode

[0056] When the special vehicle has no auxiliary power supply, start the main engine. When the capacity of the low-voltage lithium battery is ≤20%, the new functional power display and control device controls the main switch contactor to turn on. The charging process is as follows:

[0057] Step 21: Detect the engine water temperature: If the water temperature is ≤15°C, the intelligent power distribution system starts the heating pot for closed-loop heating until the water temperature reaches the standard;

[0058] Step 22, SOC ≤ 20% alarm, and execute step 23 when the following conditions are met: engine water temperature ≥ 40°C; diesel oil volume ≥ 150L; vehicle gear is in neutral.

[0059] Step 23: Start the pre-lubrication pump and operate it for 50 seconds to lubricate the engine system.

[0060] Step 24: After the pre-lubrication pump is finished, the external electric horn of the vehicle is triggered to sound for 5 seconds; after the diesel pump has been working for 5 seconds, the motor starts to drive the main engine; after the engine speed stabilizes to 800±50rpm, it is increased to 1600rpm for constant speed operation, and the power generation system outputs a stable voltage of 28V; when the engine speed is ≥350rpm, the motor stops.

[0061] Step 24, the host power generation system charges the low-voltage lithium battery; when the SOC is ≥85% or the charging current is ≤10A, the intelligent power distribution device sends a shutdown command and the host stops running.

[0062] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power management control circuit for special vehicles in cold weather conditions, characterized in that: Including: A main engine power generation system for charging a low-voltage lithium battery and providing a main power supply; A low-voltage lithium battery, serving as an energy storage device, enabling bidirectional power transmission, with a SOC range of 0% to 100%; An auxiliary power supply, including an auxiliary generator and a controller, for automatically starting to charge the low-voltage lithium battery when the battery has low power; An intelligent power distribution system integrating functions such as engine water temperature monitoring, pre-lubrication pump control, diesel pump control, and heating pot power supply; A power inverter device for converting DC voltage into AC voltage; A display and control device for real-time monitoring of the SOC status of the low-voltage lithium battery, triggering the charging control logic of the auxiliary power supply or the main engine power generation system based on the SOC threshold, and simultaneously controlling the start and stop of the heating pot, main switch contactor, and auxiliary power supply; Among them, the display and control device performs duty power supply control, dynamic adjustment of domestic power consumption, and automatic charging management of the low-voltage lithium battery according to the battery SOC status.

2. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main engine power generation system includes a generator, a power generation controller, and connecting cables, with overvoltage, overcurrent protection, and current-limiting output functions, and outputs a stable DC 28V power supply.

3. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power inverter device is equipped with a standard industrial interface, and the output power is dynamically adjusted according to the battery SOC status.

4. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: When SOC ≥ 80%, the output power is 2kW; When 60% < SOC ≤ 80%, the output power is 1kW; When 40% < SOC ≤ 60%, the output power is 500W; When SOC ≤ 40%, the inverter device output is turned off.

5. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent power distribution system executes the following power supply control strategy under the duty working condition: When SOC ≥ 35%, supply power to the duty equipment; when SOC ≤ 30%, cut off the power supply to the duty equipment and send an alarm signal.

6. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the charging mode of the auxiliary power supply, when SOC ≤ 20%, the display and control device controls the main switch contactor to close and sends a start signal to the auxiliary power supply; the auxiliary generator charges the low-voltage lithium battery at a constant voltage of 28V; when SOC ≥ 90% or the charging current ≤ 10A, the auxiliary power supply stops working.

7. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging mode of the main engine power supply is applicable to the situation without an auxiliary power supply, including the following steps: Detect the engine water temperature. If the water temperature ≤ 15°C, start the heating pot to heat until the water temperature ≥ 40°C; Judge whether the following conditions are met: engine water temperature ≥ 40°C, diesel fuel quantity ≥ 150L, vehicle gear is in neutral; After meeting the conditions, start the pre-lubrication pump, electric horn, and diesel pump in sequence, and drag the main engine to run at a stable speed; The generator set outputs 28V DC power to charge the low-voltage lithium battery; When SOC ≥ 85% or the charging current ≤ 10A, the main engine shuts down and stops running.

8. The power management control circuit for cold weather conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The display and control device communicates with each subsystem through the CAN bus to achieve data acquisition and control instruction issuance, and supports remote monitoring and fault diagnosis.

9. A power management control method based on the control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including the following steps: Real-time monitor the SOC status of the low-voltage lithium battery; Execute power supply control under the duty working condition based on the SOC status; Dynamically adjust the output power of domestic power consumption based on the SOC status; Select to start the auxiliary power supply or the main engine to charge according to whether there is an auxiliary power supply; During the charging process, the starting conditions are determined based on the engine water temperature, oil level, and gear position; after charging is completed, the charging process is automatically terminated based on the SOC status and charging current.

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