Nutrient management method for improving pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruits

Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruits, and belongs to the technical field of plant nutrient management. The nutrient management method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: applying a fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide to white gourd plants. The magnesium oxide is added into the fertilizer, and other fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide are combined, so that the pectin content of the wax gourd fruits can be effectively increased, and the content reduction of nutrient substances such as soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C in the storage period of the wax gourd fruits can be remarkably inhibited; therefore, the storage quality of the wax gourd and the nutritional quality after storage are improved. Furthermore, by applying the organic calcium fertilizer and / or melatonin, the pectin content and / or the storage quality of the wax gourd fruits can be more effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant nutrient management, and in particular relates to a nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruits. Background Art

[0002] Winter melon, a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is a fat-free vegetable. High in potassium and low in sodium, it's rich in pectin, making it a valuable edible and medicinal vegetable. Storage and transport durability are crucial qualities of winter melon. Under suitable conditions, winter melon can be stored for 6 to 12 months, playing a crucial role in ensuring long-term vegetable supply and regulating market surpluses and shortages. However, in recent years, winter melon fruit blackheart disease has become a frequent occurrence, an extreme manifestation of degraded storage quality. During storage and transportation, the fruit rapidly rots and deteriorates from the inside, causing the melon to lose its commercial value, severely impacting production efficiency, and significantly negatively impacting the winter melon industry.

[0003] Pectin in wax gourd fruit is an important water-soluble dietary fiber that plays an important role in promoting intestinal motility, preventing hypertension, and losing weight. At the same time, pectin is also a key cell wall substance that affects the storage quality and hardness of fruits and vegetables. The degradation of pectin is often accompanied by fruit softening and decreased storage properties. Most of the existing technologies focus on improving germplasm resources in terms of wax gourd yield, stress resistance, and nutritional quality, but ignore the relevant research on improving wax gourd pectin content and storage properties. In addition, the wax gourd breeding cycle is long and the uncertainty is large. In addition, pectin and storage quality are greatly affected by factors such as the growth environment and nutrient status of wax gourd. Therefore, the use of cultivation methods (such as nutrient management) is the fastest way to improve the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome at least one problem existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruit, which can effectively and quickly improve the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruit.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruit, comprising the following steps: applying a fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide to wax gourd plants.

[0007] Preferably, the nutrient management method further comprises the following steps: applying organic calcium fertilizer and / or melatonin to the wax gourd plants; further preferably, the above steps are: applying organic calcium fertilizer and melatonin to the wax gourd plants at the same time.

[0008] Preferably, the organic calcium fertilizer and / or the melatonin are independently applied to the wax gourd plants after the flowering period.

[0009] Preferably, the method of applying the organic calcium fertilizer is to configure the organic calcium fertilizer solution and spray it on the leaf surface of the wax gourd plant; further preferably, the concentration of the organic calcium fertilizer solution is 160-200 mg / L; for example, it can be any value among 160 mg / L, 170 mg / L, 180 mg / L, 190 mg / L or 200 mg / L, or a range value between any two of them.

[0010] Preferably, the solvent used to prepare the organic calcium fertilizer solution includes water.

[0011] Preferably, the organic calcium fertilizer is selected from high-purity organic calcium fertilizer.

[0012] Preferably, the melatonin application method is to spray a melatonin solution on the surface of the leaves of the wax gourd plant; further preferably, the concentration of the melatonin solution is 23 to 70 mg / L; for example, it can be any value among 23 mg / L, 35 mg / L, 46 mg / L, 57 mg / L or 70 mg / L, or a range between any two values.

[0013] Preferably, the solvent used to prepare the melatonin solution includes water.

[0014] Preferably, the total amount of organic calcium fertilizer applied to each wax gourd plant is 50-60 mg; for example, it can be any value among 50 mg, 52 mg, 54 mg, 56 mg, 58 mg or 60 mg, or a range value between any two of them.

[0015] Preferably, the total amount of melatonin applied to each wax gourd plant is 7-20 mg; for example, it can be any value among 7 mg, 10 mg, 12 mg, 15 mg, 17 mg or 20 mg, or a range between any two values.

[0016] Preferably, the application frequency of the organic calcium fertilizer and / or the melatonin is independently: once every 8 to 12 days after the flowering period of the wax gourd plant, for a total of 3 to 5 times; for example, it can be: once every 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 days after the flowering period of the wax gourd plant, for a total of 3, 4 or 5 times.

[0017] Preferably, the amount of magnesium oxide applied in the fertilizer is 50-100 kg / ha; more preferably 55-90 kg / ha; even more preferably 55-80 kg / ha; for example, it can be any value of 55 kg / ha, 60 kg / ha, 70 kg / ha, 75 kg / ha or 80 kg / ha, or a range between any two values.

[0018] Preferably, the magnesium oxide is applied during at least one of the following periods: when the wax gourd plants are planted, before the wax gourds are planted, or in the early stage of wax gourd fruit setting.

[0019] Preferably, the fertilizer comprises the following components in applied amounts: 250-300 kg / ha nitrogen, 130-170 kg / ha phosphorus pentoxide, 280-320 kg / ha potassium oxide, 50-100 kg / ha magnesium oxide and 200-300 kg / ha calcium oxide; further preferably, the fertilizer comprises 260-290 kg / ha nitrogen, 140-160 kg / ha phosphorus pentoxide, 290-310 kg / ha potassium oxide, 55-90 kg / ha magnesium oxide and 220-280 kg / ha calcium oxide; even further preferably, the fertilizer comprises 270-290 kg / ha nitrogen, 140-160 kg / ha phosphorus pentoxide, 290-300 kg / ha potassium oxide, 55-70 kg / ha magnesium oxide and 240-260 kg / ha calcium oxide.

[0020] Preferably, the fertilizer is applied in 3 to 5 times; for example, 3, 4 or 5 times.

[0021] Preferably, the method of applying the fertilizer includes applying base fertilizer into the soil or topdressing with integrated water and fertilizer.

[0022] Preferably, the winter melon plants are planted at a density of 1,000 to 20,000 plants / ha, for example, 1,000 plants / ha, 3,000 plants / ha, 6,000 plants / ha, 10,000 plants / ha, 15,000 plants / ha, or 20,000 plants / ha. A suitable planting density facilitates more efficient nutrient acquisition by the winter melon plants during the aforementioned nutrient management process, thereby achieving a higher pectin content and / or storage quality of the winter melon fruit.

[0023] Preferably, the nutrient management method is to simultaneously improve the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by adding magnesium oxide to the fertilizer, combined with other fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, and calcium oxide, the present invention can effectively increase the pectin content of wax gourd fruit, and can also significantly inhibit the decline in the content of nutrients such as soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C in the wax gourd fruit during storage, thereby improving the storage quality of the wax gourd and the nutritional quality after storage.

[0025] Specifically, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The present invention effectively optimizes the composition of fertilizers by reducing the application of chemical fertilizers and increasing the application of magnesium fertilizers. While ensuring a high yield of wax gourd, it can improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and increase the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruits.

[0027] 2. Furthermore, the present invention can more effectively improve the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit by applying organic calcium fertilizer and / or melatonin.

[0028] 3. The nutrient management method provided by the present invention also has the characteristics of reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, improving fertilizer utilization, simple operation and high efficiency, and can avoid the risk of environmental pollution caused by unreasonable fertilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Statistical graph of total pectin concentration of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2.

[0030] Figure 2 Statistical graph of total calcium concentration of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2.

[0031] Figure 3 Statistical graph of total magnesium concentration of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The content of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the principles set forth in the present invention all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific process parameters and the like in the following examples are only examples within a suitable range, and those skilled in the art can make selections within a suitable range through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific data exemplified below. The raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from conventional commercial sources, or can be obtained by existing known methods.

[0033] It should be noted that in the following embodiments and control examples of the present invention, winter melon of the Tiezhu No. 2 variety is used for planting. Unless otherwise specified below, the number of fertilizations and the time of fertilization for winter melon cultivation are set according to conventional high-yield experience.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit comprises the following steps: applying fertilizer to the soil of a wax gourd planting field (the planting density of wax gourd plants is 6750 plants / ha). The specific fertilization process is shown in Table 1.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit comprises the following steps: applying fertilizer to the soil of a wax gourd planting field (the planting density of wax gourd plants is 6750 plants / ha). The specific fertilization process is shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1 Fertilization process of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0039]

[0040] Comparative Example 2

[0041] A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit, which differs from Example 1 in that 60 kg / ha of magnesium oxide is not applied in this example; other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit, which differs from Example 1 in that, in this example, a high-purity calcium solution with a concentration of 180 mg / L is sprayed after the flowering period (high-purity calcium is an organic calcium fertilizer, and water is used as a solvent to dissolve high-purity calcium to prepare a high-purity calcium solution). The solution is sprayed once every 10 days for a total of 3 times, and is evenly sprayed on the surface of the wax gourd leaves, with 100 mL sprayed per plant. The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit, which differs from Example 1 in that a melatonin solution with a concentration of 46 mg / L (melatonin is dissolved in water to prepare the melatonin solution) is sprayed after the flowering period, once every 10 days for a total of 3 sprays, and is evenly sprayed on the surface of the wax gourd leaves, with 100 mL sprayed per plant. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruit is described. This method differs from Example 1 in that a mixed solution containing high-purity calcium and melatonin is sprayed after the flowering period (water is used as a solvent to first dissolve the high-purity calcium and then dissolve the melatonin to prepare a mixed solution). The concentration of the high-purity calcium is 180 mg / L, and the concentration of the melatonin is 46 mg / L. The solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the wax gourd leaves, with 100 mL sprayed per plant. Other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0048] Performance testing

[0049] (1) Determination of wax gourd fruit yield, single fruit weight, and longitudinal and transverse diameters

[0050] For the wax gourd fruits obtained from the cultivation of Control Examples 1 to 2 and Examples 1 to 4, the single fruit weight, longitudinal diameter, upper transverse diameter, middle transverse diameter and lower transverse diameter of the fruits were measured after harvest. The single fruit weight and yield were measured using an electronic scale, and the longitudinal diameter, upper transverse diameter, middle transverse diameter and lower transverse diameter were measured using a ruler. The wax gourd yield, single fruit weight and its component factors of Control Examples 1 to 2 and Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Table 2 Winter melon yield, single fruit weight and its components of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2

[0052]

[0053] Note: The data in Table 2 are the mean ± SD of three biological replicates. Variance analysis was performed using the Duncan test. Different superscript lowercase letters indicate significant differences between the two data at the P < 0.05 level.

[0054] The results in Table 2 show that the winter melon yield in Control Example 2 (i.e., a 20% reduction in nitrogen, 44% in phosphorus pentoxide, 20% in potassium oxide, and 44% in calcium oxide) was comparable to that in Control Example 1, indicating that conventional fertilizer application by farmers is excessive and that rational fertilizer reductions do not affect winter melon yield. Compared with Control Examples 1 and 2, Examples 1-4 significantly increased winter melon yield and fruit weight, while also increasing the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruit, particularly the transverse diameter in the middle. The nutrient management method of the present invention can significantly increase the yield and commercial value of winter melon fruit.

[0055] (2) Testing of wax gourd fruit hardness and weight loss rate

[0056] 1) Fruit Firmness Measurement Method: The peel and flesh hardness of the wax gourd fruits grown in Control Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-4 were measured at harvest and after 60 days of storage. Hardness was measured using an FHM-5 fruit hardness meter. Five values ​​were measured for each fruit, and the average value was used to determine the peel and flesh hardness of the fruit.

[0057] 2) Weight loss rate determination method: The weight of each fruit of the wax gourd obtained from the control examples 1 to 2 and examples 1 to 4 was measured at the time of harvest. The weight of each fruit was measured again after storage at room temperature for 60 days. The weight loss rate was calculated as follows:

[0058] Weight loss rate = (single fruit weight at harvest - single fruit weight after 60 days of storage) / single fruit weight at harvest × 100%.

[0059] Table 3 Fruit hardness and weight loss rate of winter melons during harvest and storage of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2

[0060]

[0061] Note: The data in Table 3 are the mean ± SD of three biological replicates. The variance analysis method was Duncan test. Different superscript lowercase letters represent significant differences between the two data at the P < 0.05 level.

[0062] The results in Table 3 show that, compared with Control Example 2, Examples 1-4 significantly increased the firmness of the wax gourd fruit peel and flesh at harvest and after 60 days of storage, and significantly reduced the weight loss rate after 60 days of storage, effectively inhibiting water loss during storage. Among them, the fruit of Example 4 achieved the best results, with peel and flesh firmness increased by 22.5% and 80.0%, respectively, and weight loss reduced by 26.6%, compared to Control Example 2 after 60 days of storage. Therefore, the nutrient management method of the present invention can effectively improve the storability of wax gourd fruit.

[0063] (3) Detection of nutritional quality indicators of wax gourd fruit during storage

[0064] 1) The soluble sugar, soluble protein, and vitamin C contents of the wax gourd fruits obtained from the cultivation of Control Example 2 and Examples 1 to 4 were measured at harvest and after 60 days of storage. The fruits were peeled and cored, and the plump middle portion was taken and pulped in a juicer for 3 minutes to obtain a homogenized fruit pulp.

[0065] 2) Soluble sugar content was determined using the anthrone-sulfuric acid colorimetric method: 1.0 g of wax gourd fruit homogenate was weighed and added to 5.0 mL of 80% ethanol. The mixture was incubated at 80°C in a water bath for 30 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the solution was centrifuged at 3500 g for 10 minutes. The supernatant obtained was the soluble sugar extract. To 1.0 mL of the extract, 1.0 mL of distilled water and 5.0 mL of anthrone-sulfuric acid were added sequentially. The mixture was incubated at 100°C in a water bath for 10 minutes. The mixture was cooled to room temperature with tap water and the absorbance was measured colorimetrically at 620 nm. A standard curve was constructed using a glucose standard solution.

[0066] 3) Soluble protein content was determined using the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 colorimetric method: Weigh 0.5 g of wax gourd fruit homogenate, add 1 mL of pure water, homogenize using a vortexer, and centrifuge at 5000 g for 10 minutes. The supernatant is the protein extract. Add 0.1 mL of the protein extract, in that order, to 0.9 mL of distilled water and 5 mL of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent, mix thoroughly, and allow to stand for 5 minutes. The absorbance is then measured colorimetrically at 595 nm. A standard curve is constructed using a bovine serum albumin standard solution.

[0067] 4) Vitamin C content was determined using the 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol colorimetric method: 1.0 g of wax gourd fruit homogenate was weighed, 5.0 mL of oxalic acid-EDTA solution was added, and the mixture was centrifuged at 3000 g for 10 min. The supernatant obtained was the vitamin C extract. To this 1.0 mL of extract was added 4.0 mL of oxalic acid-EDTA, 0.5 mL of metaphosphoric acid-acetic acid, 1.0 mL of 1 / 19 sulfuric acid, and 2.0 mL of 5% ammonium molybdate. The mixture was thoroughly mixed and incubated in a 30°C water bath for 15 min. The absorbance was measured at 760 nm. A standard curve was constructed using the vitamin C standard solution, and the vitamin C concentration was calculated based on the standard curve.

[0068] Table 4 Nutrient content of fruits of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 at harvest and after 60-day storage

[0069]

[0070] Note: The data in Table 4 are the mean ± SD of three biological replicates. The variance analysis method was Duncan test. Different superscript lowercase letters represent significant differences between the two data at the P < 0.05 level.

[0071] The results in Table 4 show that the nutrient content (soluble sugar, soluble protein, and vitamin C) in wax gourd fruit gradually decreases during storage. Compared with Control Example 2, Examples 1 to 4 significantly increased the soluble sugar, soluble protein, and vitamin C content of wax gourd fruit during storage, effectively suppressing nutrient loss during storage. Among them, Example 4 achieved the best results. The nutrient management method of the present invention can effectively increase the nutrient content of wax gourd fruit after storage.

[0072] (4) Detection of pectin content in wax gourd fruit. The determination method is as follows:

[0073] Weigh 15.0g of fresh wax gourd fruit homogenate sample, add 20mL of pre-cooled 80% ethanol, boil in water bath for 20min, immediately cool to room temperature, centrifuge and discard the supernatant, repeat the boiling water bath and centrifugation steps twice until the supernatant is colorless; add 20mL of 90% dimethyl sulfoxide solution to the precipitate, place at 4℃ for 12h, centrifuge and discard the supernatant; add 20mL of acetone to resuspend the residue, centrifuge and discard the supernatant; dry at 40℃ for 12h, and the obtained product is the cell wall material. Then weigh 0.1g of cell wall material, add 40mL of distilled water to resuspend, shake and extract at room temperature for 2h, centrifuge and collect the supernatant, make up to 100mL, which is the water-soluble pectin; the remaining residue is treated with 40mL of 50mmol·L -1 Resuspend in CDTA, shake and extract at room temperature for 2 h, collect the supernatant after centrifugation, and adjust the volume to 100 mL, which is the ion-bound pectin; continue to use 40 mL of 50 mmol·L -1Na2CO3 (containing 2mmol·L -1 Resuspend in CDTA and extract with shaking at room temperature for 2 hours. After centrifugation, collect the supernatant and dilute to 100 mL, which is the covalently bound pectin. Then, take 1.0 mL of each of the three extracts (water-soluble pectin, ion-bound pectin, and covalently bound pectin), add 6.0 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, boil for 10 minutes, immediately cool with running water, add 0.5 mL of carbazole-ethanol reagent, react at 25°C for 30 minutes to develop color, and measure the sample absorbance at 530 nm. Use D-galacturonic acid as the standard to create a standard curve. The total pectin concentration is the sum of the concentrations of water-soluble pectin, ion-bound pectin, and covalently bound pectin.

[0074] Figure 1 Statistical graph of total pectin concentration of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2; Figure 1 The data are the mean ± standard deviation of three biological replicates, and the variance analysis method was Duncan test. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences between the two treatments at the P < 0.05 level. Figure 1 As can be seen, the pectin concentrations of the wax gourd fruits in Examples 1-4 increased by 21.5%, 17.7%, 39.5%, and 52.0%, respectively, compared to the pectin concentration in Control Example 2. Example 4 showed the greatest improvement in pectin concentration. Example 1 involved the addition of magnesium fertilizer, while Examples 2-4 included magnesium fertilizer in addition to high-purity calcium, melatonin, and a combination of high-purity calcium and melatonin. This demonstrates that a nutrient management approach that reduces chemical fertilizer application, increases magnesium fertilizer application, and combines high-purity calcium and melatonin spraying can significantly increase the pectin content in wax gourd fruit.

[0075] (5) Detection of total calcium and total magnesium content in wax gourd fruit. The determination method is as follows:

[0076] 1) Preparation of dried wax gourd fruit samples: 100 g of fresh wax gourd fruit sample was cut into approximately 2 cm cubes, placed in an oven at 105°C for 15 min, then dried at 70°C to constant weight, and crushed to 1 mm for determination of total calcium and total magnesium concentrations.

[0077] 2) Determination of Total Calcium and Total Magnesium in Winter Melon Fruit: Accurately weigh 0.1 g of sample and place it at the bottom of a 50 mL conical flask. Add 5-10 drops of ultrapure water and 5 mL of HNO₃-HClO₄ mixed acid solution (volume ratio 4:1), shake well, and let it stand overnight. Digest in a digestion oven at 160°C for 30 min, then heat to 230-240°C and boil for 3 h until colorless or clear. Cool to 25°C, dilute to 50 mL, and filter the solution through double-layer quantitative filter paper for later use. Determine total calcium and total magnesium content using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).

[0078] Figure 2Statistical graph of total calcium concentration of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2; Figure 3 Statistical graph of total magnesium concentration of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2; Figures 2-3 The data are the mean ± standard deviation of three biological replicates, and the variance analysis method was Duncan test. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences between the two treatments at the P < 0.05 level. Figures 2-3 The results show that the total calcium and total magnesium concentrations in the wax gourd fruits of Examples 1-4 were significantly higher than those in Control Example 2. The total calcium and total magnesium concentrations in the wax gourd fruits of Example 4 were 74.4% and 84.0% higher, respectively, than those in Control Example 2. Calcium and magnesium play important roles in pectin metabolism and storage quality. This demonstrates that the nutrient management method of the present invention can improve the storage quality of wax gourd by promoting calcium and magnesium absorption in the fruit.

[0079] As can be seen from the above examples and control examples, Examples 1 to 4 use fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, and further combine them with a nutrient management method of high-purity calcium and / or melatonin. The pectin concentration of the wax gourd pulp can be increased by up to 52.0% compared to the control example, the hardness of the peel and pulp can be increased by up to 31.9% and 88.2%, respectively, after 60 days of storage, and the weight loss rate can be reduced by up to 45.2%. At the same time, the decline in the content of nutrients (soluble sugar, soluble protein, and vitamin C) during storage can be significantly suppressed, thereby improving the storage quality and nutritional quality of the wax gourd after storage.

[0080] The embodiments of the present invention effectively optimize the composition of fertilizers by reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and increasing the use of magnesium fertilizers. This can ensure a high yield of wax gourd while improving fertilizer utilization and increasing the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruits. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention can more effectively increase the pectin content and storage quality of wax gourd fruits by applying organic calcium fertilizers and / or melatonin. At the same time, the nutrient management method provided by the embodiments of the present invention also has the characteristics of reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, improving fertilizer utilization, simple operation, and high efficiency, and can avoid the risk of environmental pollution caused by unreasonable fertilization.

[0081] In summary, the present invention, by adding magnesium oxide to the fertilizer, combined with other fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, and calcium oxide, can effectively increase the pectin content of wax gourd fruit. It can also significantly inhibit the decline in the content of nutrients such as soluble sugars, soluble proteins, and vitamin C in wax gourd fruit during storage, thereby improving the storage quality and nutritional quality of wax gourd after storage. Furthermore, the present invention can more effectively increase the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruit by applying organic calcium fertilizer and / or melatonin.

Claims

1. A nutrient management method for improving the pectin content and / or storage quality of wax gourd fruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Apply a fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide to winter melon plants.

2. The nutrient management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient management method further comprises the following steps: Apply organic calcium fertilizer and / or melatonin to winter squash plants.

3. The nutrient management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The organic calcium fertilizer and / or the melatonin are independently applied to the wax gourd plants after the flowering period.

4. The nutrient management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The organic calcium fertilizer is applied by spraying an organic calcium fertilizer solution on the surface of the leaves of the wax gourd plants; And / or, the melatonin is applied by spraying a melatonin solution on the surface of leaves of wax gourd plants.

5. The nutrient management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the organic calcium fertilizer solution is 160-200 mg / L; And / or, the concentration of the melatonin solution is 23-70 mg / L.

6. The nutrient management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total amount of organic calcium fertilizer applied to each wax gourd plant is 50-60 mg; And / or, the total amount of melatonin applied to each wax gourd plant is 7 to 20 mg.

7. The nutrient management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency of applying the organic calcium fertilizer and / or the melatonin is independently: applying once every 8 to 12 days after the flowering period of the wax gourd plants, and applying 3 to 5 times in total.

8. The nutrient management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fertilizer, the application amount of the magnesium oxide is 50-100 kg / ha.

9. The nutrient management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer includes the following components in the following application amounts: 250-300 kg / ha of nitrogen, 130-170 kg / ha of phosphorus pentoxide, 280-320 kg / ha of potassium oxide, 50-100 kg / ha of magnesium oxide, and 200-300 kg / ha of calcium oxide.

10. The nutrient management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer is applied in 3 to 5 times; And / or, the method of applying the fertilizer includes applying base fertilizer to the soil or topdressing with integrated water and fertilizer; And / or, the planting density of the wax gourd plants is 1,000 to 20,000 plants / ha.

Images