Feed additive for silkworms and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed additive for silkworms and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of silkworm breeding. The invention provides a feed additive for silkworms. The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-9 parts of amino acid, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-3 parts of vitamin C, 4-8 parts of a microbial agent, 8-12 parts of defatted soybeans, 4-8 parts of a plant extract and 14-18 parts of carbohydrates. According to the feeding agent for the silkworms, the amino acid and the plant extract are combined with the zinc sulfate, the vitamin C, the defatted soybeans, the carbohydrates and the bacillus subtilis in a specific proportion to generate a synergistic effect, and the proportional relation of all the components is further reasonably configured, so that the feeding agent can promote growth and development of the silkworms, improve the immunity of the silkworms and reduce the morbidity of the silkworms; and the yield and quality of silkworm cocoons can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of silkworm breeding, in particular to a silkworm feeding additive and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an insect in the genus Bombyx mori, family Bombycidae. It is also known as the mulberry silkworm. It undergoes holometabolism, undergoing development through four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. While silkworms primarily feed on mulberry leaves, they are also naturally capable of consuming other plants, such as mulberry, orange mulberry, and fig trees. As oligophagous insects, silkworms primarily feed on mulberry leaves and are renowned for their silk-spinning abilities.

[0003] Silk, also known as natural silk, is a continuous, long fiber formed from the silk fluid secreted by mature silkworms as they spin cocoons. It is one of the earliest animal fibers used by humans. Silk, a natural silk product, originates from the silk fluid secreted by mature silkworms as they spin cocoons. Its unique structure and composition make it widely used in the textile, medical, cosmetic, and industrial fields. With the rapid development of the commodity economy, the market demand for high-quality silk continues to grow. Currently, methods for increasing silk production and quality include variety improvement, optimized feeding and management, hormone regulation, and genetic engineering. While these methods can improve silk production and quality, they also have limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient and simple method to increase silk production and quality.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a silkworm feed additive and application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the methods for improving silk production and quality in the prior art have limitations.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a feeding agent for silkworms, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 5-9 parts of amino acids, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-3 parts of vitamin C, 4-8 parts of microbial agents, 8-12 parts of defatted soybeans, 4-8 parts of plant extracts and 14-18 parts of sugars;

[0009] The sugar substance is one or more of glucose, sucrose and fructose.

[0010] Preferably, the amino acids are glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid;

[0011] The mass ratio of glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid is 1-2:1-2:1-2.

[0012] Preferably, the microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis;

[0013] The viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis is 0.5 to 1.5×10 7 cfu / g.

[0014] Preferably, the plant extracts are dandelion extract and gentian extract;

[0015] The mass ratio of the dandelion extract to the gentian extract is 1-2:1-2.

[0016] The present invention provides application of the silkworm feed additive in improving silk production and quality of silkworms.

[0017] The present invention provides a method for increasing silk production of silkworms, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) mixing a silkworm feed additive with water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0019] (2) treating mulberry leaves with the mixed solution to obtain treated mulberry leaves;

[0020] (3) using the treated mulberry leaves to feed silkworm larvae;

[0021] The silkworm feeding additive is the silkworm feeding additive.

[0022] Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the silkworm feed additive and water in step (1) is 1 g: 200-400 mL.

[0023] Preferably, the treatment method in step (2) is to soak the mulberry leaves with the mixed solution or to spray the mulberry leaves with the mixed solution.

[0024] The present invention has the following technical effects and advantages:

[0025] Glycine accounts for approximately 45% of silk fiber and is a key raw material for the synthesis of silk protein. An adequate supply of glycine may directly promote the efficiency of silk protein synthesis. Aspartic acid participates in the urea cycle, helping to detoxify ammonia, maintain nitrogen metabolism, and ensure a stable amino acid pool required for silk production. Glutamic acid is a precursor to glutamine and proline, both of which are also important components of silk protein. Glutamic acid also enhances silkworms' appetite and improves their utilization of mulberry leaves. However, high concentrations can cause neurotoxicity. The present invention combines glycine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid in specific ratios to improve silkworms' utilization of mulberry leaves. It also provides recombinant amino acid components for silk production, thereby increasing silk yield and quality.

[0026] Gentiana scabra extract contains active ingredients such as gentiopicroside and swetoside, while dandelion extract contains active ingredients such as flavonoids, polysaccharides, triterpenes, and chlorogenic acid. The active ingredients in these two ingredients can increase silkworms' food intake, shorten larval development time, enhance their disease resistance, reduce oxidative stress damage to silk gland cells, and indirectly protect their silk production. The present invention combines these two ingredients in a specific ratio to positively impact silkworm growth, immunity, and silk quality. Combining them with Bacillus subtilis can further enhance silkworm growth and the yield and quality of silk produced by silkworms.

[0027] Zinc sulfate, as a supplementary form of zinc, can promote the growth and development of silkworms, shorten the larval stage, increase body weight and cocoon silk production. As a cofactor of multiple enzymes, it participates in protein synthesis and energy metabolism, while enhancing immunity. Vitamin C, as an exogenous nutrient, can significantly promote the growth and development of silkworms, increase food intake and weight gain, and shorten their age. At the same time, it can enhance antioxidant capacity, protect silk gland cells, and increase cocoon silk production and quality. Its immune-enhancing effect can effectively improve the silkworm's resistance to bacterial and viral infections.

[0028] The present application scheme combines amino acids and plant extracts in specific proportions with zinc sulfate, vitamin C, defatted soybeans, sugar substances and Bacillus subtilis to produce a synergistic effect. By rationally configuring the proportions of the various components, the feed additive can promote the growth and development of silkworms, improve their immunity, reduce the incidence of disease, and further increase the yield and quality of silk cocoons. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides a feeding agent for silkworms, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0030] 5-9 parts of amino acids, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-3 parts of vitamin C, 4-8 parts of microbial agents, 8-12 parts of defatted soybeans, 4-8 parts of plant extracts and 14-18 parts of sugars;

[0031] The amino acid is preferably 7 parts; the zinc sulfate is preferably 2 parts; the vitamin C is preferably 2 parts; the microbial agent is preferably 6 parts; the defatted soybean is preferably 10 parts; the plant extract is preferably 6 parts; and the carbohydrate is preferably 16 parts.

[0032] The sugar substance is one or more of glucose, sucrose and fructose.

[0033] In the present invention, the amino acids are glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid;

[0034] The mass ratio of glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid is 1-2:1-2:1-2, preferably 1:1:1.

[0035] In the present invention, the microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis;

[0036] The viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis is 0.5 to 1.5×10 7 cfu / g, preferably 1×10 7 cfu / g.

[0037] In the present invention, the plant extracts are dandelion extract and gentian extract;

[0038] The preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Wash the freshly picked dandelions, dry them, and grind them into powder for later use;

[0040] (2) The powder was mixed with 70% ethanol at a mass volume ratio of 1 g:50 mL, and extracted at 65°C for 1 h to obtain an extract;

[0041] (3) concentrating, drying, and crushing the extract to obtain a dandelion extract;

[0042] The preparation method of the gentian extract comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Wash the freshly picked gentian roots, dry them, and grind them into powder for later use;

[0044] (2) The powder was mixed with 80% ethanol at a mass volume ratio of 1 g:35 mL, and extracted at 65°C for 2.5 h to obtain an extract;

[0045] (3) concentrating, drying, and crushing the extract to obtain a gentian extract;

[0046] The mass ratio of the dandelion extract to the gentian extract is 1-2:1-2, preferably 1:1.

[0047] The present invention provides application of the silkworm feed additive in improving silk production and quality of silkworms.

[0048] The present invention provides a method for increasing silk production of silkworms, comprising the following steps:

[0049] (1) mixing a silkworm feed additive with water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0050] (2) treating mulberry leaves with the mixed solution to obtain treated mulberry leaves;

[0051] (3) using the treated mulberry leaves to feed silkworm larvae;

[0052] The silkworm feeding additive is the silkworm feeding additive.

[0053] In the present invention, the mass volume ratio of the silkworm feed additive and water in step (1) is 1 g: 200-400 mL, preferably 1 g: 300 mL.

[0054] In the present invention, the treatment method in step (2) is to soak the mulberry leaves with the mixed solution or to spray the mulberry leaves with the mixed solution.

[0055] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The glycine, zinc sulfate, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and vitamin C described in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available products. The Bacillus subtilis inoculum was purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd., and the viable cell count was 1×10 7 cfu / g.

[0057] Dandelion extract is prepared according to the following steps:

[0058] (1) Wash the freshly picked dandelions, dry them, and grind them into powder for later use;

[0059] (2) 100 g of powder was mixed with 5000 mL of 70% ethanol and extracted at 65°C for 1 h to obtain an extract;

[0060] (3) The extract is concentrated, dried and crushed.

[0061] Gentiana scabra extract is prepared according to the following steps:

[0062] (1) Wash the freshly picked gentian roots, dry them, and grind them into powder for later use;

[0063] (2) 100 g of powder was mixed with 3500 mL of 80% ethanol and extracted at 65°C for 2.5 h to obtain an extract;

[0064] (3) The extract is concentrated, dried and crushed.

[0065] Glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain amino acids for later use.

[0066] The dandelion extract and the gentian extract are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a plant extract, which is set aside.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] A feed additive for silkworms is prepared by mixing 70 g of amino acids, 20 g of zinc sulfate, 20 g of vitamin C, 60 g of Bacillus subtilis, 100 g of defatted soybeans, 60 g of plant extracts and 160 g of glucose.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] A feed additive for silkworms is prepared by mixing 80 g of amino acids, 27 g of zinc sulfate, 19 g of vitamin C, 57 g of Bacillus subtilis, 114 g of defatted soybeans, 75 g of plant extracts and 175 g of sucrose.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A feed additive for silkworms is prepared by mixing 75 g of amino acids, 15 g of zinc sulfate, 25 g of vitamin C, 75 g of Bacillus subtilis, 85 g of defatted soybeans, 44 g of plant extracts and 153 g of fructose.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] A method for increasing silk production of silkworms, comprising the following steps:

[0075] (1) 10 g of the silkworm feed additive prepared in Example 1 was mixed with 3000 mL of water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0076] (2) soaking mulberry leaves with the mixed solution, taking out the mulberry leaves and placing them on a rack until the mulberry leaves stop dripping liquid, thereby obtaining treated mulberry leaves;

[0077] (3) Use the processed mulberry leaves to feed silkworm larvae.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] Compared with Example 1, the composition quality remains unchanged, the mass ratio of glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the amino acid component is 1:2:3, the mass ratio of dandelion extract and gentian extract in the plant extract component is 1:3, and the other components are the same.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] Compared with Example 1, the composition and quality remain unchanged, the amino acid component only includes glycine, the plant extract only includes dandelion extract, and the other components are the same.

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] Compared with Example 1, the composition and mass remain unchanged, the mass of Bacillus subtilis is replaced by Bacillus licheniformis, and the other components are the same.

[0084] Comparative Example 4

[0085] Compared with Example 1, the overall mass of the silkworm feed additive remains unchanged, only the proportions of the components are different, specifically 40g amino acids, 40g zinc sulfate, 40g vitamin C, 30g Bacillus subtilis, 130g defatted soybeans, 100g plant extracts and 110g glucose.

[0086] Experimental example

[0087] Silkworm varieties: Jingsong×Haoyue, Yuncan 7×Yuncan 8.

[0088] Experimental methods:

[0089] Conventional accelerating greening, collecting ants, feeding environment and subsequent operations were adopted, the feeding cycle was 1 month, and a feeding agent treatment group and a blank control group were set; the feeding agents used were the feeding agents of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, respectively. The specific method of use was to mix 10g of the feeding agent with 3000mL of water to obtain a mixed solution, soak mulberry leaves with the mixed solution, take out the mulberry leaves and place them on a rack until the mulberry leaves no longer drip liquid, obtain treated mulberry leaves, and use the treated mulberry leaves to feed silkworm larvae. The blank control group replaced the mixed solution with clean water and did corresponding treatment. During the silkworm breeding process, the main investigations were the incidence rate (%) of silkworms, the mortality rate (%), the total incidence rate (%), and the total cocoon yield. (g), cocoon layer quantity (g), cocoon layer rate (%), cocoon grains per kilogram (grains), cocoon production per 10,000 silkworms (kg), among which the morbidity rate during the silkworm period (%) is the percentage of diseased silkworms to the total number of silkworms; the death rate (%) is the percentage of silkworms that died of disease after spinning or during the cocooning process to the total number of cocoons surveyed; the total morbidity rate (%) is the sum of the morbidity rate during the silkworm period and the death rate; the total cocoon quantity (g) is the weight of one fresh cocoon; the cocoon layer quantity (g) is the weight of the cocoon layer in the fresh cocoon; the cocoon layer rate (%) is the percentage of the cocoon layer to the whole cocoon; the cocoon grains per kilogram (grains) is the number of cocoon grains per kilogram of cocoon; the cocoon production per 10,000 silkworms (kg) is the weight of the cocoons produced by 10,000 silkworms.

[0090] The results of the silkworm index measurements under different treatments are shown in Table 1. In the table, the incidence rate during the silkworm observation period is represented by A, the cage death rate is represented by B, the total incidence rate is represented by C, the total cocoon quantity is represented by D, the cocoon layer quantity is represented by E, the cocoon layer rate is represented by F, the number of cocoon grains per kilogram is represented by G, and the cocoon production per 10,000 silkworms is represented by H.

[0091] Table 1 Results of silkworm index determination under different treatments

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] According to Table 1, the indicators of the morbidity rate, cage death rate and total morbidity rate of the supplementary feeding agent group were significantly lower than those of the blank group, and the total cocoon amount, cocoon layer amount, cocoon layer rate and cocoon production of 10,000 silkworms of the supplementary feeding agent group were also significantly higher than those of the blank group, while the number of cocoon grains per kilogram of the supplementary feeding agent group was less than that of the blank group, indicating that the use of the supplementary feeding agent can effectively improve the immunity and stress resistance of the silkworms, thereby significantly reducing the morbidity rate of the silkworms, and thus improving the yield and quality of the cocoons. By comparing the various indicators of the supplementary feeding agent of Example 1 with the supplementary feeding agents of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in the supplementary feeding agent group, it was found that the effect of the supplementary feeding agent of Example 1 on feeding silkworms was better than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, indicating that the supplementary feeding agent of Example 1 can combine the components with each other and work together to effectively improve the immunity and stress resistance of the silkworms, thereby significantly reducing the morbidity rate of the silkworms, and thus improving the yield and quality of the cocoons.

[0095] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides a silkworm feeding supplement and its application. This application solution combines specific ratios of amino acids and plant extracts with zinc sulfate, vitamin C, defatted soybeans, carbohydrates, and Bacillus subtilis to produce a synergistic effect. By rationally configuring the proportions of each component, the feeding supplement can promote the growth and development of silkworms, enhance their immunity, reduce morbidity, and further increase the yield and quality of silk cocoons.

[0096] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feeding agent for silkworms, characterized in that: The composition includes the following parts by mass: 5-9 parts of amino acids, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-3 parts of vitamin C, 4-8 parts of microbial agents, 8-12 parts of defatted soybeans, 4-8 parts of plant extracts and 14-18 parts of sugars; The sugar substance is one or more of glucose, sucrose and fructose.

2. The silkworm feed additive according to claim 1, wherein The amino acids are glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid; The mass ratio of glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid is 1-2:1-2:1-2.

3. The silkworm feed additive according to claim 1, wherein The microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis; The viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis is 0.5 to 1.5×10 7 cfu / g.

4. The silkworm feed additive according to claim 1, wherein The plant extracts are dandelion extract and gentian extract; The mass ratio of the dandelion extract to the gentian extract is 1-2:1-2.

5. Use of the silkworm feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in improving silk production and quality of silkworms.

6. A method for increasing silk production of silkworms, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) mixing a silkworm feed additive with water to obtain a mixed solution; (2) treating mulberry leaves with the mixed solution to obtain treated mulberry leaves; (3) using the treated mulberry leaves to feed silkworm larvae; The silkworm feeding additive is the silkworm feeding additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The mass volume ratio of the silkworm feed additive and water in step (1) is 1g:200-400mL.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The treatment method in step (2) is to soak the mulberry leaves with the mixed solution or to spray the mulberry leaves with the mixed solution.

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