Microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that Arabic gum, gelatin, beta-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate and maltodextrin serve as raw materials of a composite wall material, step-by-step emulsification is adopted, firstly, part of the wall material solution is homogenized to form primary emulsion, a core material is preliminarily wrapped, and then the core material is prepared; according to the preparation method, ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, hippophae rhamnoides fruit oil and rhodiola rosea extract are adopted as core material materials, and the capsule wall material is added into the capsule wall material solution, so that the capsule wall material solution is prepared, and the residual wall material solution is dropwise added and stirred, so that the primary emulsion is further fused with the wall material to form a multi-layer wrapping structure, the leakage of the core material is reduced, and the leakproofness and safety of the capsule wall material are improved. Under the protection of the wall material, the ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsule is not easily oxidized by oxygen in the air, so that the prepared ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsule has a good anti-aging effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, and in particular to a microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma lucidum spore oil is a natural, fat-soluble active substance extracted from Ganoderma lucidum spores. It is released from mature reproductive cells and is rich in a variety of active substances. It is one of the core functional ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum. With its rich triterpenoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and sterols, Ganoderma lucidum spore oil demonstrates remarkable efficacy in immune regulation, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and liver protection, and has attracted significant attention in the fields of functional foods, health products, and pharmaceuticals. However, its strong fat solubility not only makes it difficult to disperse in aqueous systems, but also significantly reduces the body's absorption and utilization of the active ingredients. Furthermore, Ganoderma lucidum spore oil is extremely chemically sensitive and is susceptible to oxidative rancidity under the influence of environmental factors such as light, oxygen, and high temperature, resulting in the loss of active ingredients and a serious weakening of the product's efficacy.

[0003] To overcome the application challenges of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, the industry generally adopts traditional dosage forms such as soft capsules and emulsions. However, due to thermodynamic instability, emulsion systems are prone to stratification and flocculation during storage and transportation, resulting in serious stability issues in practical applications. Capsules, by comparison, offer greater stability, are more convenient to administer, and offer improved appearance and storage. However, existing soft capsule wall materials have a certain degree of oxygen permeability, which cannot completely isolate the contents from oxygen erosion, and the risk of oxidation persists during long-term storage. Therefore, preventing oxidation of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil caused by oxygen permeability in soft capsules has become a research hotspot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of ganoderma lucidum spore oil, 1-5 parts of propyl gallate, 25-30 parts of American ginseng powder, 90-100 parts of sea buckthorn fruit oil, 2-10 parts of rhodiola rosea extract, 50-80 parts of gum arabic, 50-80 parts of gelatin, 1-10 parts of sodium alginate, 20-30 parts of glycerin, 5-20 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 5-20 parts of maltodextrin, 50-60 parts of deionized water, and 5-20 parts of calcium chloride aqueous solution.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, the main components of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil are triterpenoids, unsaturated fatty acids and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, among which triterpenoids are the main effective ingredients, which have anti-inflammatory, immune regulation and other functions; unsaturated fatty acids: such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, help maintain cardiovascular health; Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: a small amount is soluble in oil bodies and works synergistically with lipid components.

[0007] Propyl gallate is a phenolic antioxidant with multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory.

[0008] American ginseng powder is a powder made from the dried roots of American ginseng, which has the effects of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, clearing away heat and promoting salivation.

[0009] Sea buckthorn berry oil is a natural oil extracted from sea buckthorn fruit. It is rich in active ingredients such as fatty acids, vitamins, flavonoids, etc. It has the effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, protecting gastrointestinal mucosa, regulating blood lipids, improving blood vessel elasticity, moisturizing and repairing skin, enhancing immunity, and anti-fatigue.

[0010] Rhodiola rosea extract is an active ingredient extracted from the Crassulaceae plant Rhodiola rosea. It is rich in salidroside, tyrosol, flavonoids and other substances, and has the effects of anti-fatigue, enhancing immunity and anti-oxidation.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the calcium chloride aqueous solution is 20-30%.

[0012] A method for preparing microcapsules containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of composite wall material solution: Gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, and maltodextrin are added to deionized water, heated, and stirred until completely dissolved to prepare a composite wall material solution; (2) Preparation of core material: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil, and Rhodiola rosea extract are thoroughly stirred and mixed to obtain the core material; (3) Emulsification: The composite wall material solution is divided into composite wall material solution 1 and composite wall material solution 2. First, the core material is added to the composite wall material solution 1 and homogenized with a high-speed homogenizer to form a uniform emulsion. Then, the temperature is controlled at 40-50°C, and the composite wall material solution 2 is added dropwise to the emulsion while stirring. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 30-40 minutes to obtain an emulsified precursor solution. (4) Curing and molding: Control the system temperature and add 20% calcium chloride solution to the emulsified precursor solution. Continue stirring for 1-3 hours to obtain the capsule precursor. (5) Drying: The microcapsules are transferred to an oven for drying to obtain microcapsules.

[0013] In step (1), the temperature is raised to 30-50° C.; the rotation speed during stirring is set to 200-400 r / min.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the volume ratio of the composite wall material solution 1 to the composite wall material solution 2 is 1:1; the rotation speed during the homogenization is 9000-11000 rpm and the time is 5-10 min.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (4), the temperature of the control system is 40-60°C.

[0016] Furthermore, the drying temperature in step (5) is 40-60°C.

[0017] Through the above technical scheme, gelatin and gum arabic form the basic capsule wall through electrostatic interaction, β-cyclodextrin is hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside and can embed fat-soluble components, maltodextrin adjusts the rheological properties, and the stability of the composite wall material obtained according to the ratio is improved; the core material is evenly dispersed through step-by-step emulsification, first, part of the wall material solution and the core material are homogenized at high speed to form a primary emulsion to ensure that the core material is initially wrapped by the wall material, and then the remaining wall material solution is added dropwise and stirred to allow the primary emulsion to further fuse with the wall material to form a multi-layer wrapping structure, thereby reducing core material leakage, and finally, calcium chloride solution is used for cross-linking and curing to obtain microcapsules with multiple protective structures.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention uses gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate and maltodextrin as composite wall material raw materials, adopts step-by-step emulsification, firstly homogenizes a portion of the wall material solution to form a primary emulsion, so that the core material is initially wrapped, and then the remaining wall material solution is added dropwise and stirred to further fuse the primary emulsion with the wall material to form a multi-layer wrapping structure, thereby reducing core material leakage and improving the airtightness and safety of the capsule material.

[0019] The invention adopts ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil and rhodiola rosea extract as core materials. Under the protection of the wall materials, the microcapsules are not easily oxidized by oxygen in the air, so that the prepared ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules have good anti-aging effects.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 A microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of ganoderma lucidum spore oil, 1 part of propyl gallate, 25 parts of American ginseng powder, 90 parts of sea buckthorn fruit oil, 2 parts of rhodiola rosea extract, 50 parts of gum arabic, 50 parts of gelatin, 1 part of sodium alginate, 20 parts of glycerin, 20 parts of β-cyclodextrin, 5 parts of maltodextrin, 50 parts of deionized water, and 5 parts of calcium chloride aqueous solution; The preparation method of the microcapsule comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of composite wall material solution: Gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, and maltodextrin were added to deionized water, heated to 40°C, and stirred at a stirring speed of 300 r / min until completely dissolved to prepare a composite wall material solution; (2) Preparation of core material: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil, and Rhodiola rosea extract are fully stirred and mixed to prepare the core material; (3) Emulsification: Add the core material to half of the composite wall material solution and homogenize it with a high-speed homogenizer at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to form a uniform emulsion. Then, control the temperature at 45°C and add the remaining amount of the composite wall material solution dropwise to the emulsion while stirring. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 30 minutes to obtain an emulsified precursor solution. (4) Curing and molding: Control the temperature to 50°C, add calcium chloride aqueous solution to the emulsified precursor solution, continue stirring and reacting for 2 hours to obtain the capsule precursor; (5) Drying: The microcapsules were transferred to an oven and dried at 50°C to obtain Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules.

[0023] The mass fraction of the calcium chloride aqueous solution is 15%, and the same applies to the following.

[0024] Example 2 A microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, 2 parts of propyl gallate, 28 parts of American ginseng powder, 95 parts of sea buckthorn fruit oil, 8 parts of Rhodiola rosea extract, 60 parts of gum arabic, 60 parts of gelatin, 6 parts of sodium alginate, 22 parts of glycerin, 10 parts of β-cyclodextrin, 10 parts of maltodextrin, 55 parts of deionized water, and 18 parts of a 20% calcium chloride aqueous solution; The preparation method of the microcapsule comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of composite wall material solution: Gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, and maltodextrin were added to deionized water, heated to 40°C, and stirred at a stirring speed of 300 r / min until completely dissolved to prepare a composite wall material solution; (2) Preparation of core material: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil, and Rhodiola rosea extract are fully stirred and mixed to prepare the core material; (3) Emulsification: Add the core material to half of the composite wall material solution and homogenize it with a high-speed homogenizer at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to form a uniform emulsion. Then, control the temperature at 45°C and add the remaining amount of the composite wall material solution dropwise to the emulsion while stirring. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 30 minutes to obtain an emulsified precursor solution. (4) Curing and molding: Control the temperature to 50°C, add 20% calcium chloride solution to the emulsified precursor solution, continue stirring and react for 2 hours to obtain the capsule precursor; (5) Drying: The microcapsules were transferred to an oven and dried at 50°C to obtain Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules.

[0025] Example 3 A microcapsule containing ganoderma lucidum spore oil, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of ganoderma lucidum spore oil, 5 parts of propyl gallate, 30 parts of American ginseng powder, 100 parts of sea buckthorn fruit oil, 10 parts of rhodiola rosea extract, 80 parts of gum arabic, 80 parts of gelatin, 10 parts of sodium alginate, 30 parts of glycerin, 20 parts of β-cyclodextrin, 20 parts of maltodextrin, 60 parts of deionized water, and 20 parts of calcium chloride solution; The preparation method of the microcapsule comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of composite wall material solution: Gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, and maltodextrin were added to deionized water, heated to 40°C, and stirred at a stirring speed of 300 r / min until completely dissolved to prepare a composite wall material solution; (2) Preparation of core material: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil, and Rhodiola rosea extract are fully stirred and mixed to prepare the core material; (3) Emulsification: Add the core material to half of the composite wall material solution and homogenize it with a high-speed homogenizer at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to form a uniform emulsion. Then, control the temperature at 45°C and add the remaining amount of the composite wall material solution dropwise to the emulsion while stirring. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 30 minutes to obtain an emulsified precursor solution. (4) Curing and molding: Control the temperature to 50°C, add calcium chloride aqueous solution to the emulsified precursor solution, continue stirring and reacting for 2 hours to obtain the capsule precursor; (5) Drying: The microcapsules were transferred to an oven and dried at 50°C to obtain Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 A microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, 2 parts of propyl gallate, 28 parts of American ginseng powder, 95 parts of sea buckthorn fruit oil, 8 parts of Rhodiola rosea extract, 60 parts of gum arabic, 60 parts of gelatin, 6 parts of sodium alginate, 22 parts of glycerin, 10 parts of β-cyclodextrin, 10 parts of maltodextrin, and 55 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the microcapsule comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of composite wall material solution: Gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, and maltodextrin were added to deionized water, heated to 40°C, and stirred at a stirring speed of 300 r / min until completely dissolved to prepare a composite wall material solution; (2) Preparation of core material: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil, and Rhodiola rosea extract are fully stirred and mixed to prepare the core material; (3) Emulsification: Add the core material to half of the composite wall material solution and homogenize it with a high-speed homogenizer at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to form a uniform emulsion. Then, control the temperature at 45°C and add the remaining amount of the composite wall material solution dropwise to the emulsion while stirring. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 30 minutes to obtain an emulsified precursor solution. (4) Curing and molding: Control the temperature to 50°C and stir for 2 hours to obtain the capsule precursor; (5) Drying: The microcapsules were transferred to an oven and dried at 50°C to obtain Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules.

[0027] Performance testing Ergosterol is a substance unique to Ganoderma lucidum spore oil. The content of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil is determined by detecting ergosterol. 0.5 g of the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 are weighed to prepare a sample. The total ergosterol content is X determined by HPLC. The sample is then placed in a 60° C. oven for 7 days. The sample is taken out and added to 10 ml of methanol. Ultrasonication is performed for 30 minutes to rupture the microcapsules and release the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil. The total ergosterol content is Y determined by HPLC. The retention rate of ergosterol is calculated using the formula (XY) / X×100%. The data are shown in the following table:

[0028] It can be seen from the above table that the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have good stability and airtightness, while the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules prepared in Comparative Example 1 have poor stability and airtightness.

[0029] Anti-aging test Fifty rats weighing 160-180 g were randomly selected, half male and half female, and divided into 5 groups with 10 rats in each group, namely a blank control group, an embodiment group 1, an embodiment group 2, an embodiment group 3 and a comparative example group. The blank control group was injected with 100 ml of normal saline every day. Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules of the corresponding group were used at a dosage of 0.05 mg / kg, decocted with water, and gavage was performed on the rats once a day, 100 ml at a time, for 40 consecutive days. During the experiment, the mental state, activity ability, diet, hair color and density of the mice were observed every day. After the experiment, the mice were fasted for 12 h, blood was collected by eye bleeding method, serum was separated, and the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxidase (POD) in the serum was detected by biochemical analyzer. The test results are shown in the following table:

[0030] Note: ▲ Compared with the blank group, P < 0.05.

[0031] It can be seen from the above table that the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have good anti-aging effects on rats, while the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil microcapsules prepared in Comparative Example 1 do not have calcium chloride aqueous solution added, resulting in poor wall material wrapping, reduced Ganoderma lucidum spore oil content, and poor anti-aging effect on rats.

[0032] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of ganoderma lucidum spore oil, 1-5 parts of propyl gallate, 25-30 parts of American ginseng powder, 90-100 parts of sea buckthorn fruit oil, 2-10 parts of rhodiola rosea extract, 50-80 parts of gum arabic, 50-80 parts of gelatin, 1-10 parts of sodium alginate, 20-30 parts of glycerin, 5-20 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 5-20 parts of maltodextrin, 50-60 parts of deionized water, and 5-20 parts of calcium chloride aqueous solution.

2. The microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil according to claim 1, wherein: The mass fraction of the calcium chloride aqueous solution is 20-30%.

3. A method for preparing the microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Preparation of composite wall material solution: Gum arabic, gelatin, β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, and maltodextrin are added to deionized water, heated, and stirred until completely dissolved to prepare a composite wall material solution; (2) Preparation of core material: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, propyl gallate, American ginseng powder, sea buckthorn fruit oil, and Rhodiola rosea extract are thoroughly stirred and mixed to obtain the core material; (3) Emulsification: The composite wall material solution is divided into composite wall material solution 1 and composite wall material solution 2. First, the core material is added to the composite wall material solution 1 and homogenized with a high-speed homogenizer to form a uniform emulsion. Then, the temperature is controlled at 40-50°C, and the composite wall material solution 2 is added dropwise to the emulsion while stirring. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 30-40 minutes to obtain an emulsified precursor solution. (4) Curing and molding: Control the system temperature and add 20% calcium chloride aqueous solution to the emulsified precursor. Continue stirring for 1-3 hours to obtain the capsule precursor. (5) Drying: The microcapsules are transferred to an oven for drying to obtain microcapsules.

4. The method for preparing a microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil according to claim 3, wherein: In step (1), the temperature is raised to 30-50° C.; the rotation speed during stirring is set to 200-400 r / min.

5. The method for preparing a microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil according to claim 3, wherein: In step (3), the volume ratio of the composite wall material solution 1 to the composite wall material solution 2 is 1:1; the rotation speed during the homogenization is 9000-11000 rpm and the time is 5-10 min.

6. The method for preparing a microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil according to claim 3, wherein: In step (4), the temperature is 40-60°C.

7. The method for preparing a microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil according to claim 3, wherein: In step (4), the calcium chloride aqueous solution is added dropwise at a rate of 1-2 mL / min.

8. The method for preparing a microcapsule containing Ganoderma lucidum spore oil according to claim 3, wherein: In step (5), the drying temperature is 40-60°C.

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