Chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment, and relates to the technical field of dust removal equipment, the chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment comprises a dust removal mechanism, an air inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the dust removal mechanism, an air outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the dust removal mechanism, a powder spraying device is arranged on one side of the air inlet pipe, and a negative pressure fan is arranged on one side of the air outlet pipe; an exhaust pipe is arranged on one side of the negative pressure fan, a filter element cleaning brush is arranged in each group of filter elements, a main cavity channel is arranged on one side of the main cavity filter element, a light detection mechanism is arranged on one side of the main cavity channel, an opening and closing door is arranged on one side of the light detection mechanism, and the other side of the opening and closing door is connected with an air outlet pipe; ion flow fans are arranged on the top of the main cavity channel and the top of the auxiliary cavity channel, static electricity is eliminated through the ion flow fans, and dust is removed through cooperation with a rotary brush machine, so that the service life of a filter element is prolonged to 24 months, the maintenance frequency is reduced, and an auxiliary filter element is automatically switched within 0.5 second when the dust concentration exceeds the standard through a light detection mechanism; and the screw compression curing and nitrogen curtain sealing technology is combined, so that secondary pollution is completely eradicated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dust removal equipment, and more particularly to negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots. Background Art

[0002] Chromium alloy steel shots are currently widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace and nuclear power bearings. It has been found that when chromium alloy steel shots are used in components such as aircraft engine blades and nuclear reactor bearings, they are subject to extreme stresses, and surface micro-defects may cause fatigue fractures. Therefore, the cleanliness requirements for chromium alloy steel shots are extremely stringent.

[0003] For example, the existing patent (patent number: CN114984667B) discloses a negative pressure dust removal device and method thereof, comprising: a dust hopper, which is installed between the outlet of the induced draft fan and the inlet of the flue at the rear of the furnace, and the dust hopper narrows from the connection with the induced draft fan to the connection with the flue at the rear of the furnace, wherein at least one standard pressure-taking port is provided on the side wall of the dust hopper; a pressure-taking pipe group, which comprises at least one pressure-taking pipe, one end of which passes through the standard pressure-taking port and enters the dust hopper, and the other end of which is located outside the dust hopper and is connected to a valve at the end; a negative pressure transmitter, which is used to measure the pressure in the pressure pipe, and the pressure pipe is located on one side outside the dust hopper and leads out a bifurcation section connected to the negative pressure transmitter.

[0004] Research has found that the above-mentioned traditional equipment has weak control over the electrostatic accumulation and explosion risks of oily / sticky dust; when the amount of dust generated increases during operation, there is a lack of dynamic filtering mechanism to enable the machine to maintain the filtering effect; and the dust outlet is in direct contact with the environment, which will cause secondary pollution and health hazards during discharge. At the same time, sticky chromium dust is easy to stick to the filter element, requiring frequent manual maintenance.

[0005] Therefore, in response to the above problems, a chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal device to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment, comprising a dust removal mechanism, wherein one side of the dust removal mechanism is provided with an inlet pipe, the other side of the dust removal mechanism is provided with an outlet pipe, one side of the inlet pipe is provided with a powder spraying device, one side of the outlet pipe is provided with a negative pressure fan, and one side of the negative pressure fan is provided with an exhaust pipe, the dust removal mechanism comprises a filter element, a filter element cleaning brush, a light detection mechanism, an opening and closing door and an ion flow fan, the filter element comprises a main cavity filter element and an auxiliary filter element, a filter element cleaning brush is provided inside each group of the filter elements, a main cavity channel is provided on one side of the main cavity filter element, a light detection mechanism is provided on one side of the main cavity channel, an opening and closing door is provided on one side of the light detection mechanism, an auxiliary cavity channel is provided on one side of the opening and closing door, the other side of the opening and closing door is connected to the outlet pipe, and ion flow fans are provided on the tops of the main cavity channel and the auxiliary cavity channel.

[0008] Preferably, a support frame is provided below the dust removal mechanism, the support frame is frame-shaped, and diagonal bracing ribs are provided at the gaps of the support frame. A maintenance ladder is provided on one side of the support frame, and a maintenance guardrail is provided on the top of the dust removal mechanism, and one side of the maintenance guardrail is connected to the maintenance ladder.

[0009] Preferably, a dust collecting bin is provided at the bottom of the dust removal mechanism, and the dust collecting bin includes a shell, a screw, a bracket, a discharge port, a nitrogen tank, a pump, a shunt pipe and a nozzle. The shell is in a trapezoidal shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. A screw is provided at the bottom of the shell, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the screw, a bracket is provided on one side of the screw, a nitrogen tank is provided on one side of the bracket, the top of the nitrogen tank is connected to a pump through a pipeline, a shunt pipe is provided on one side of the pump, a nozzle is provided on the outer wall of the shunt pipe, and the compression power of the screw meets the following requirements:

[0010]

[0011] Wherein, P represents driving power; Q represents dust handling capacity; ΔP represents compaction pressure; θ represents mechanical efficiency. The dust solidification density is not less than 1.5 g / cm2 according to the formula.

[0012] Preferably, the nozzles are provided in several groups, and the nozzles in each group are evenly arranged in the horizontal direction along the wall of the diversion pipe, so that a nitrogen curtain is formed on the top of the dust collecting bin by the nozzles on both sides. The oxygen inhibition concentration formula of the nitrogen curtain is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Wherein, CO2 represents the oxygen concentration in the dust collecting bin; C0 represents the initial oxygen concentration; k represents the inertization coefficient; Q nrepresents the nitrogen flow rate; t represents time; V represents the volume of the dust collection bin,

[0015] The contact surface between the dust removal mechanism and the dust collecting bin is provided with a leakage net, the diversion pipe is provided below the leakage net, and a dust discharge valve is provided on one side of the discharge port. The ion flow fan carries the dust filtered out of the main cavity filter element through the nitrogen curtain formed by the nozzle, and is thereby discharged from the dust collecting bin through the dust discharge valve.

[0016] Preferably, during the operation of the ion flow blower (15), the bipolar ion density generated therefrom satisfies:

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, η represents ion density; I represents discharge current; q represents elementary charge; μ represents ion mobility; E represents electric field intensity; and A represents the area of ​​the discharge region. The formula is used to ensure that the ion flow blower has an electrostatic elimination rate of 98% for chromium dust.

[0019] Preferably, an adjusting damper is provided on one side of the air inlet pipe, one side of the adjusting damper is connected to the powder spraying device, a dust cleaning port is provided above the adjusting damper, and a protective shell is provided on one side of the air inlet pipe, through which the air inlet pipe is connected to the dust removal mechanism.

[0020] Preferably, the powder spraying device includes a powder supply assembly, a discharge funnel, an air source assembly and a powder spraying gun. A discharge funnel is provided at the bottom of the powder supply assembly, an air source assembly is provided on one side of the discharge funnel, a powder spraying gun is provided on one side of the air source assembly, the powder spraying gun is connected to the air inlet pipe through the regulating damper, and a feeding guardrail is provided on the top of the powder supply assembly.

[0021] Preferably, an adsorbent tank is provided at the connection between the air outlet pipe and the dust removal mechanism, a reinforced shell is provided below the adsorbent tank, an air nozzle guard is provided on one side of the air outlet pipe, and one side of the outer wall of the air nozzle guard is connected to the exhaust pipe.

[0022] Preferably, the filter element is hollow cylindrical, and the filter element cleaning brush includes a brush head and a displacement screw. The displacement screw is provided at the center of the brush head. The brush head is driven by a motor to move up and down in a vertical direction along the outer wall of the displacement screw, and the cleaning frequency formula of the brush head is:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, f represents the rotation frequency; l represents the vertical movement speed; r represents the radius of the brush head; tanθ represents the brush wire inclination angle. The cleaning frequency formula is used to make the residual dust on the surface of the filter element less than 50 mg / m 2 .

[0025] Preferably, the light detection mechanism includes a sampling tube, a sampling chamber, and a photoelectric detector. A sampling tube is provided on one side of the main cavity channel, a sampling chamber is provided on one side of the sampling tube, and a photoelectric detector is provided on one side of the sampling chamber. The photoelectric detector detects the airflow in the main cavity channel and controls the opening and closing door to open and close the auxiliary cavity channel. The concentration response model of the photoelectric detector is:

[0026]

[0027] in, represents the ratio of transmitted light intensity; α represents the extinction coefficient of chromium dust; C represents the dust concentration; L represents the optical path. According to the concentration response model, when When the door is opened and closed,

[0028] Therefore, after the opening and closing door is opened, the airflow passes through the auxiliary filter element and then enters the air outlet pipe.

[0029] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0030] 1. Compared with the existing technology, this chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment eliminates electrostatic adsorption through an ion flow fan, combines high-frequency mechanical stripping with a rotating brush and a pneumatic turbine drive, thereby increasing the dust stripping rate on the filter element surface and reducing the resistance increase. At the same time, the filter element life is extended to 24 months, and the maintenance frequency is optimized from manual cleaning twice a month to fully automatic cleaning.

[0031] 2. Compared with the existing technology, this chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment monitors the dust concentration in real time through a light detection mechanism, and switches to the auxiliary filter element for secondary filtration within 0.5 seconds when the dust concentration exceeds the standard, ensuring that the emission meets the standard. At the same time, the use of screw compression curing molding and nitrogen curtain full sealing eliminates the secondary pollution and manual detection lag caused by traditional open dust exhaust.

[0032] 3. Compared with the existing technology, this chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment neutralizes oil mist and acidic gas by pre-mixing quicklime, thereby increasing the lower explosion limit concentration of dust. At the same time, it uses a nitrogen inerting system to control the oxygen concentration in the dust collection bin at a low level, blocking the oxidation path from the source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a side view.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the powder spraying device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the dust removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a perspective schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the dust removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic perspective three-dimensional structure diagram of the dust collecting bin of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the air outlet pipe of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional explosion diagram of the filter element of the present invention.

[0042] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. dust removal mechanism; 11. filter element; 111. main chamber filter element; 112. auxiliary filter element; 12. filter element cleaning brush; 121. brush head; 122. displacement screw; 13. light detection mechanism; 131. sampling tube; 132. sampling chamber; 133. photoelectric detector; 14. opening and closing door; 15. ion flow blower; 16. dust collection bin; 161. housing; 162. screw; 163. bracket; 164. discharge port; 165. nitrogen tank; 166. pump; 167. diverter pipe; 168. nozzle; 169. ash discharge valve;

[0043] 2. Inlet pipe; 21. Adjustable air door; 22. Dust removal port; 23. Protective shell;

[0044] 3. Exhaust pipe; 31. Adsorbent tank; 32. Reinforced shell; 33. Air nozzle guard; 4. Powder spraying device; 41. Powder supply assembly; 42. Feeding funnel; 43. Air source assembly; 44. Powder spraying gun; 45. Feeding guardrail; 5. Negative pressure fan; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Main cavity channel; 8. Auxiliary cavity channel; 9. Support frame; 91. Diagonal bracing rib; 92. Maintenance ladder; 93. Maintenance guardrail; 10. Leakage net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] As attached Figures 1 to 9 The chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal device shown in the figure includes a dust removal mechanism 1, an air inlet pipe 2 is provided on one side of the dust removal mechanism 1, an air outlet pipe 3 is provided on the other side of the dust removal mechanism 1, a powder spraying device 4 is provided on one side of the air inlet pipe 2, a negative pressure fan 5 is provided on one side of the air outlet pipe 3, and an exhaust pipe 6 is provided on one side of the negative pressure fan 5. The dust removal mechanism 1 includes a filter element 11, a filter element cleaning brush 12, a light detection mechanism 13, an opening and closing door 14 and an ion flow fan 15. The filter element 11 includes A main cavity filter element 111 and an auxiliary filter element 112, each group of filter elements 11 is provided with a filter element cleaning brush 12, a main cavity channel 7 is provided on one side of the main cavity filter element 111, a light detection mechanism 13 is provided on one side of the main cavity channel 7, an opening and closing door 14 is provided on one side of the light detection mechanism 13, an auxiliary cavity channel 8 is provided on one side of the opening and closing door 14, and the other side of the opening and closing door 14 is connected to the exhaust pipe 3, and an ion flow fan 15 is provided on the top of the main cavity channel 7 and the auxiliary cavity channel 8.

[0048] Specifically, exhaust gas containing chromium alloy dust first enters the dust removal mechanism 1 through the intake pipe 2. The powder spraying device 4 connected to the side of the intake pipe 2 sprays a quantitative amount of quicklime powder into the airflow to neutralize the oil particles and acidic components in the exhaust gas to reduce the risk of combustion and explosion. The exhaust gas then enters the main cavity filter element 111 for preliminary filtration. The filter element 11 adopts a hollow cylindrical PTFE membrane filter cartridge. The filter element cleaning brush 12 installed coaxially inside is driven by a BLDC brushless motor to drive the displacement screw 122, which drives the brush head 121 to rotate at a frequency of 2 to 5 Hz and reciprocate in the vertical direction to mechanically remove the attached dust.

[0049] Simultaneously, an ion flow blower 15 at the top of the main chamber channel 7 generates ±5kV positive and negative ion currents, eliminating the electrostatic attraction of dust particles and allowing the detached dust to fall by gravity into the dust collection bin 16. The purified airflow passes through the main chamber channel 7 and enters the optical detection mechanism 13. Its sampling tube 131 directs the airflow into the sampling chamber 132. A built-in Hamamatsu S1336 series d photodetector 133 monitors dust concentration in real time by analyzing changes in the airflow's refractive index. If the concentration exceeds the specified level, a signal is immediately generated to control the rotary switch of the opening and closing door 14 to switch to the auxiliary chamber channel 8, allowing the airflow to enter the auxiliary filter element 112 for secondary filtration. Once the concentration meets the specified level, the opening and closing door 14 resets, and the airflow is discharged through the exhaust pipe 3. A negative pressure blower 5 provides the system's power source, and its exhaust end is connected to the exhaust pipe 6 via a circular air pipe for sealed delivery. This design utilizes the synergistic effect of the brush head 121 and ion de-electrification to overcome the problem of chromium dust adhesion. A real-time optical feedback mechanism ensures absolute compliance with emission standards while also avoiding the risk of secondary dust entrainment associated with traditional pulse cleaning.

[0050] Based on Example 1, the solution in Example 1 is further detailed in combination with the following specific working methods. Figures 1 to 9 As shown, see the following description for details:

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, a support frame 9 is provided below the dust removal mechanism 1. The support frame 9 is frame-shaped, and diagonal bracing ribs 91 are provided in the gaps of the support frame 9. A maintenance ladder 92 is provided on one side of the support frame 9, and a maintenance guardrail 93 is provided on the top of the dust removal mechanism 1. One side of the maintenance guardrail 93 is connected to the maintenance ladder 92.

[0052] Specifically, the dust removal mechanism 1 is integrally mounted on a support frame 9, which is welded into a frame-like structure using Q235B steel. Diagonal bracing bars 91 are arranged crosswise at an angle of 30° in the internal gaps, with a cross-sectional size of 50×5mm, which significantly improves the overall torsional rigidity. A maintenance ladder 92 is fixedly mounted on the side of the support frame 9. The main body of the maintenance ladder 92 uses a non-slip grating plate such as the Guanhua GH-3042 type. The step spacing is 280mm and the angle is 75° with the horizontal plane. The top extends to the maintenance guardrail 93 above the dust removal mechanism 1 to form a closed-loop passage. The maintenance guardrail 93 is welded from Φ32mm galvanized steel pipes, and its side is connected to the top of the maintenance ladder 92 by a hinged buckle to ensure seamless connection of the passage when personnel enter and exit the platform. The mechanically optimized distribution of the diagonal bracing bars effectively disperses the vibration load of the dust removal mechanism 1, providing a safe working surface for the maintenance of the ion flow blower 15 and the calibration of the light detection mechanism 13.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, a dust collecting bin 16 is welded and installed at the bottom of the dust removal mechanism 1. Its shell 161 is made of 304 stainless steel in a trapezoidal shape with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The inner wall is polished to facilitate the sliding of dust. The bottom of the shell 161 is coaxially connected to the screw 162. The screw 162 uses the Jiangyin Ruite WLS-200 shaftless screw conveyor. The screw 162 is driven by a reduction motor at a speed of 10-15 rpm to compress the dust and transport it to the discharge port 164 at the bottom. A pneumatic ash discharge valve 169 is installed on the side of the discharge port 164. The ash discharge valve Model 169 is Berrett DZQ-100, with a sealing pressure of ≥0.6MPa; bracket 163 is fixed to the side of the housing 161, on which a 40L nitrogen tank 165 is installed. The nitrogen tank 165 is connected to a screw pump type Grundfos CRN5-7 pump 166 through a pressure-resistant hose. The outlet diverter pipe 167 of the pump 166 is horizontally arranged below the mesh 10. The mesh 10 has a pore size of 1.5mm. A set of stainless steel nozzles 168, model Spraying, are installed on the outer wall of the diverter pipe 167 at intervals of 150mm along the axial direction. Systems 1 / 4JAU, a total of 8 groups, nozzles 168 spray symmetrically at a 30° elevation angle to form a slightly positive pressure nitrogen curtain covering the top of the dust collection bin 16 with a pressure of 200-500Pa, maintaining the oxygen concentration in the bin below 8%, preventing moist air from contacting chromium dust to form hexavalent chromium. The dust guided by the ion flow blower 15 penetrates the leakage screen 10 and is isolated and oxidized by the nitrogen curtain. Finally, it is compressed and solidified by the screw 162 and discharged from the ash discharge valve 169 through a sealed state, achieving toxicity suppression and zero fugitive emissions. The compression power of the screw 162 meets the following requirements:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, P represents driving power; Q represents dust handling capacity; ΔP represents compaction pressure; θ represents mechanical efficiency. The formula is used to ensure that the dust solidification density is not less than 1.5g / cm2.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the nozzles 168 are provided in several groups, and each group of nozzles 168 is evenly arranged horizontally along the wall of the diverter pipe 167, so that a nitrogen curtain is formed at the top of the dust collecting bin 16 by the nozzles 168 on both sides. The oxygen suppression concentration formula of the nitrogen curtain is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Wherein, CO2 represents the oxygen concentration in the dust collecting bin 16; C0 represents the initial oxygen concentration; k represents the inertization coefficient; Q n represents the nitrogen flow rate; t represents time; V represents the volume of the dust collection bin 160,

[0059] The contact surface between the dust removal mechanism 1 and the dust collecting bin 16 is provided with a leakage screen 10, the diversion pipe 167 is provided below the leakage screen 10, and a dust discharge valve 169 is provided on one side of the discharge port 164. The ion flow fan 15 carries the dust filtered out of the main cavity filter element 111 through the nitrogen curtain formed by the nozzle 168, and is discharged from the dust collecting bin 16 through the dust discharge valve 169.

[0060] Specifically, the diversion pipe 167 is a DN50 stainless steel pipe horizontally fixed 50 mm below the leakage net 10. A group of Spraying Systems 1 / 4JAU stainless steel nozzles 168 are symmetrically installed on its outer wall at intervals of 150 mm along the axial direction. Each group contains two nozzles with a 180° angle of fire. The nitrogen flow is designed to converge at the top center line of the dust collection bin 16 through a 30° elevation angle, forming a slightly positive pressure nitrogen curtain covering the entire area of ​​the leakage net 10; the pump 166 delivers the nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 165 to the diversion pipe 167 at a pressure of 0.3 MPa. The air curtain strictly follows the oxygen inhibition concentration formula Q in the oxygen inhibition concentration formula through the dual mechanism of physical isolation and inerting. n ≥0.5m 3 The parameter setting of 1:1 / min keeps the oxygen concentration in the bin continuously below 8%, blocking the oxidation path of chromium dust from forming highly toxic hexavalent chromium when wet air contacts it. At the same time, the dust guided by the ion flow blower 15 vertically penetrates the 1.5mm aperture of the mesh screen 10 and falls directly into the dust collecting bin 16 under the protection of the nitrogen curtain. After compression and solidification by the screw 162, it is sealed and discharged by the Berrett DZQ-100 ash discharge valve 169, thus realizing inert environmental protection for the entire process of "falling-temporary storage-discharge". This design completely eliminates the secondary pollution problem caused by traditional open dust exhaust through the spatiotemporal coupling of directional airflow and nitrogen curtain.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, during the operation of the ion flow blower 15, the bipolar ion density generated thereby satisfies:

[0062]

[0063] Wherein, η represents ion density; I represents discharge current; q represents elementary charge; μ represents ion mobility; E represents electric field intensity; and A represents the area of ​​the discharge region. The formula is used to ensure that the electrostatic elimination rate of the ion flow blower 15 on chromium dust reaches 98%.

[0064] Specifically, the ion flow blower 15 adopts a double-needle array electrode structure, and generates a discharge current I = 5-10 mA under the drive of a ±5kV high-voltage power supply (such as Matsusada AU-5R type). The ion density is accurately controlled by the formula to generate 1.2×10 13positive and negative ions; the ion flow evenly covers the surface of the filter element 11 through the distributed air supply holes set at the top of the main cavity channel 7 and the auxiliary cavity channel 8, and uses the charge neutralization principle to eliminate the electrostatic adsorption force on the surface of the PTFE filter cartridge. When the electrostatic potential of the dust drops from -15kV to -0.5kV, the adhesion strength drops by 90%, and the mechanical stripping effect of the filter element cleaning brush 12 is combined to achieve efficient dust cleaning; in particular, the electrode structure adopts iridium oxide coated titanium alloy with a needle tip diameter of 0.3mm, and maintains discharge stability through pulse width modulation technology, ensuring an electrostatic elimination rate of ≥98% under continuous operation conditions, solving the industry problem of chromium dust agglomeration of the filter element 11 from the root, and extending the life of the filter element 11 to 24 months.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, a shutter-type regulating damper 21 is welded to one side of the wall of the air inlet pipe 2, and its rotating shaft is connected to a Siemens SIMOGEAR reduction motor through a connecting rod mechanism to achieve stepless adjustment of the damper opening from 0° to 90°; a dust cleaning port 22 is provided above the damper, and a quick-release sealing cover is used, which can be removed and connected to a negative pressure dust collection device during maintenance;

[0066] The outlet of the damper 21 is flange-connected to the powder spray gun 44 of the powder spraying device 4, allowing quicklime powder (CaO) to be precisely mixed into the chromium-containing exhaust gas at a flow rate of 0.5 to 1.5 kg / min. The connection between the intake pipe 2 and the dust removal mechanism 1 is covered with a Sutong Heavy Industry STZ-200 stainless steel protective shell 23, filled with a ceramic fiber insulation layer, and sealed with high-strength bolts. This design dynamically adjusts the angle of the damper 21 to match the changes in the fan's negative pressure, ensuring a stable exhaust gas flow. The quick-release structure of the ash cleaning port 22 effectively solves the industry problem of chromium dust accumulation and blockage.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the powder supply assembly 41 uses a WAM ES22 variable frequency screw powder feeder, the bottom flange of which is connected to a conical discharge funnel 42, and the discharge amount of quicklime CaO is precisely controlled by a variable frequency motor. The discharge funnel 42 is laterally connected to an air source assembly 43, which includes a Fusheng SA-22A oil-free air compressor and an SMC AFD30-02 filter drier, providing 0.4 MPa dry air. The air source assembly 43 is connected to a Spraying Systems 1 / 8JAU powder spray gun 44 via a metal hose. The Venturi nozzle of the air supply assembly is flange-sealed with the pipe of the damper 21, so that the quicklime powder is fully atomized in the high-speed airflow and then sprayed into the air inlet pipe 2. The CaO absorbs oil particles and neutralizes acidic gases, thereby increasing the lower explosion limit concentration of the dust by 40%. A 1.2m high feeding guardrail 45 is installed on the top platform of the powder supply assembly 41. The steel pipe has a diameter of 32mm and a grid spacing of 200×200mm. The guardrail door is equipped with a mechanical safety lock to meet the operating regulations of explosion-proof areas.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, a cylindrical adsorbent tank 31 is coaxially mounted at the flange connection between the outlet pipe 3 and the dust removal mechanism 1. The tank is filled with activated alumina particles with a particle size of 3–5 mm to adsorb and purify gaseous pollutants such as HF and SO₃ remaining in the airflow. A conical reinforced shell 32 is welded to the bottom of the adsorbent tank 31, which houses a porous support plate with a pore size of 2 mm to prevent adsorbent leakage and disperse the airflow. An annular gas nozzle shield 33 with an inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the exhaust pipe 6 is installed at the exhaust end of the outlet pipe 3. A fluororubber sealing ring is embedded in the shield, which forms an airtight connection with the exhaust pipe 6 via a clamp-type quick-connect connector, such as the German GEMÜ GRP series, to prevent leakage of purified gas. This design ensures exhaust gas cleanliness through secondary adsorbent purification, while the reinforced shell 32 and quick-connect seal structure ensure operational reliability under high-pressure conditions.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, the filter element 11 is hollow cylindrical, and the filter element cleaning brush 12 includes a brush head 121 and a displacement screw 122. The displacement screw 122 is provided at the center of the brush head 121. The brush head 121 is driven by a motor to move up and down in a vertical direction along the outer wall of the displacement screw 122, and the cleaning frequency formula of the brush head 121 is:

[0070]

[0071] Where f represents the rotation frequency; l represents the vertical movement speed; r represents the radius of the brush head 121; tanθ represents the brush wire inclination angle. The cleaning frequency formula is used to make the residual dust on the surface of the filter element 11 less than 50 mg / m 2 .

[0072] Specifically, the filter element 11 adopts a hollow cylindrical structure to adapt to the exhaust gas flow path. The filter element cleaning brush 12 consists of a brush head 121 and a displacement screw 122. The center of the brush head 121 is fixed on the displacement screw 122. The rotational motion of the displacement screw 122 is driven by a servo motor and converted into the vertical up and down displacement of the brush head. In actual implementation, a standard servo motor model such as the Siemens 1FK7 series is used to ensure precise control of the displacement speed and position; the brush head 121 is rotated and cleaned at the same time at a rotation frequency calculated by the formula, wherein f represents the rotation frequency, v represents the vertical movement speed, r represents the brush head radius, and tanθ represents the brush wire inclination angle. The principle of this formula is based on the optimized relationship between the brush wire inclination angle and the surface coverage of the filter element 11, ensuring that the brush wire evenly sweeps the inner wall of the filter element 11 when moving up and down to avoid local accumulation of dust; during implementation, the v and f values ​​are adjusted by the motor to enable the brush wire to efficiently remove dust at a specific inclination angle. The technical effect is to achieve a residual dust amount of less than 50 mg / m 3 , thereby improving the filtration efficiency and service life of the filter element 11. At the same time, combined with the static elimination effect of the ion flow fan 15 in the overall design, the dust naturally falls to the dust collection bin 16 under the action of gravity, ensuring continuous operation of the equipment without frequent maintenance.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, the light detection mechanism 13 includes a sampling tube 131, a sampling chamber 132 and a photodetector 133. The sampling tube 131 is provided on one side of the main cavity channel 7, the sampling chamber 132 is provided on one side of the sampling tube 131, and the photodetector 133 is provided on one side of the sampling chamber 132. The photodetector 133 detects the airflow in the main cavity channel 7 and controls the opening and closing door 14 to open and close the auxiliary cavity channel 8. The concentration response model of the photodetector 133 is:

[0074]

[0075] in, represents the ratio of transmitted light intensity; α represents the extinction coefficient of chromium dust; C represents the dust concentration; L represents the optical path. According to the concentration response model, when The opening and closing door 14 is triggered at this time, so that the opening and closing door 14 opens and the air flow passes through the auxiliary filter element 112 and then enters the air outlet pipe 3.

[0076] Specifically, the light detection mechanism 13 extracts the airflow sample in the main cavity channel 7 to the closed sampling chamber 132 in real time through the sampling tube 131, and uses an industrial-grade photoelectric detector 133 such as the Hamamatsu S1337 series to detect the change in the transmitted light intensity. Its working principle is based on the concentration response model. During implementation, the quantitative relationship between the light intensity attenuation and the dust concentration is established by calibrating the α value; when the real-time detection is detected, When , it indicates that the dust concentration exceeds the limit, the photoelectric detector 133 outputs an electrical signal to drive the rotary motor of the opening and closing door 14, which uses Siemens 1LE1 series to rotate 90 degrees, closing the main cavity channel 7 and opening the auxiliary cavity channel 8, forcing the air flow to pass through the auxiliary filter element 112 for secondary filtration before entering the outlet pipe 3; on the contrary, when The opening and closing door 14 is kept connected to the main channel for direct exhaust. The creativity of this design lies in the automatic switching of the filtration path through the optical physical model. The technical effect is to ensure that the dust concentration of the exhaust gas is always lower than the safety threshold, while reducing the ineffective loss of the auxiliary filter element 112 and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0077] The working process of the present invention is as follows: negative pressure is generated in the dust removal mechanism 1 by the negative pressure fan 5, and the dust-containing exhaust gas is guided to enter from the air inlet pipe 2. The exhaust gas first passes through the powder spraying device 4, and quicklime powder is sprayed into the air flow to neutralize oily particles and sticky dust, thereby reducing the risk of flammability. The pretreated exhaust gas enters the dust removal mechanism 1 and is filtered through the main cavity filter element 111 in turn. The ion flow fan 15 arranged on the top of the filter element releases positive and negative ion flows to eliminate dust static electricity and prevent adsorption and blockage. During filtering, the filter element cleaning brush 12 embedded in the filter element 11 moves up and down and rotates along the displacement screw 122 under the drive of the motor to continuously remove the dust accumulated on the surface of the filter element;

[0078] The removed dust falls into the dust collection bin 16 at the bottom. Below the dust collection bin's top screen 10, a diversion pipe 167 is installed. Evenly distributed nozzles 168 on the pipe wall spray nitrogen gas to both sides, creating a slightly positive-pressure nitrogen curtain that isolates the external moist air and suppresses dust from escaping. Under nitrogen protection, the dust is conveyed by screw 162 to discharge port 164 and ultimately discharged safely through ash discharge valve 169.

[0079] The filtered airflow enters the main cavity channel 7 and flows through the light detection mechanism 13. The photoelectric detector 133 extracts airflow samples through the sampling tube 131, analyzes its transmittance in the sampling chamber 132, and detects the residual metal dust concentration in real time. If the concentration exceeds the standard, the photoelectric signal triggers the opening and closing door 14 to close the main channel, and at the same time opens the auxiliary cavity channel 8, so that the airflow returns to flow through the auxiliary filter element 112 for secondary filtration. The airflow after secondary filtration is merged into the outlet pipe 3. If the light detection shows that the concentration meets the standard, the opening and closing door 14 is reset, and the airflow directly enters the adsorbent tank 31 through the outlet pipe 3 for final purification, and is finally driven by the negative pressure fan 5 and discharged through the exhaust pipe 6. The air volume is precisely controlled by adjusting the damper 21 throughout the process, and the support frame 9 and maintenance facilities ensure stable operation and maintenance of the equipment. The above is the working principle of this chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment.

Claims

1. A chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal device, comprising a dust removal mechanism (1), characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (2) is provided on one side of the dust removal mechanism (1), an air outlet pipe (3) is provided on the other side of the dust removal mechanism (1), a powder spraying device (4) is provided on one side of the air inlet pipe (2), a negative pressure blower (5) is provided on one side of the air outlet pipe (3), an exhaust pipe (6) is provided on one side of the negative pressure blower (5), the dust removal mechanism (1) comprises a filter element (11), a filter element cleaning brush (12), a light detection mechanism (13), an opening and closing door (14) and an ion flow blower (15), the filter element (11) comprises a main cavity filter element (111) and an auxiliary filter element (112), a filter element cleaning brush (12) is provided inside each group of the filter elements (11), a main cavity channel (7) is provided on one side of the main cavity filter element (111), a light detection mechanism (13) is provided on one side of the main cavity channel (7), an opening and closing door (14) is provided on one side of the light detection mechanism (13), an auxiliary cavity channel (8) is provided on one side of the opening and closing door (14), the other side of the opening and closing door (14) is connected to the exhaust pipe (3), and an ion flow fan (15) is provided on the top of each of the main cavity channel (7) and the auxiliary cavity channel (8).

2. The chromium alloy steel shot negative pressure dust removal equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (9) is provided below the dust removal mechanism (1), the support frame (9) is frame-shaped, and a diagonal bracing rib (91) is provided at a gap in the support frame (9), a maintenance ladder (92) is provided on one side of the support frame (9), and a maintenance guardrail (93) is provided on the top of the dust removal mechanism (1), and one side of the maintenance guardrail (93) is connected to the maintenance ladder (92).

3. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust collecting bin (16) is provided at the bottom of the dust removal mechanism (1), and the dust collecting bin (16) comprises a housing (161), a screw (162), a bracket (163), a discharge port (164), a nitrogen tank (165), a pump (166), a diverter pipe (167) and a nozzle (168). The housing (161) is in the shape of a trapezoid with a wide top and a narrow bottom. A screw (162) is provided at the bottom of the housing (161). The bottom of the screw (162) is A discharge port (164) is provided on the top of the screw (162), a bracket (163) is provided on one side of the screw (162), a nitrogen tank (165) is provided on one side of the bracket (163), a pump (166) is connected to the top of the nitrogen tank (165) through a pipeline, a diverter pipe (167) is provided on one side of the pump (166), and a nozzle (168) is provided on the outer wall of the diverter pipe (167). The compression power of the screw (162) satisfies: Wherein, P represents driving power; Q represents dust handling capacity; ΔP represents compaction pressure; θ represents mechanical efficiency. The dust solidification density is not less than 1.5 g / cm2 according to the formula.

4. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nozzles (168) are provided in a plurality of groups, and each group of the nozzles (168) is evenly arranged in the horizontal direction along the wall of the diversion pipe (167), so that a nitrogen curtain is formed on the top of the dust collecting bin (16) through the nozzles (168) on both sides. The oxygen suppression concentration formula of the nitrogen curtain is as follows: Wherein, CO2 represents the oxygen concentration in the dust collecting bin (16); C0 represents the initial oxygen concentration; k represents the inertization coefficient; Q n represents the nitrogen flow rate; t represents time; V represents the volume of the dust collecting bin (160), A filter screen (10) is provided on the contact surface between the dust removal mechanism (1) and the dust collecting bin (16), the diverter pipe (167) is provided below the filter screen (10), and a dust discharge valve (169) is provided on one side of the discharge port (164). The ion flow blower (15) carries the dust filtered by the main cavity filter element (111) through the nitrogen curtain formed by the nozzle (168), and is then discharged from the dust collecting bin (16) through the dust discharge valve (169).

5. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the operation of the ion flow blower (15), the bipolar ion density generated therefrom satisfies: Wherein, η represents ion density; I represents discharge current; q represents elementary charge; μ represents ion mobility; E represents electric field intensity; and A represents the area of ​​the discharge region. The formula is used to ensure that the electrostatic elimination rate of the ion flow fan (15) for chromium dust reaches 98%.

6. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A regulating damper (21) is provided on one side of the air intake pipe (2), one side of the regulating damper (21) is connected to the powder spraying device (4), a dust cleaning port (22) is provided above the regulating damper (21), and a protective shell (23) is provided on one side of the air intake pipe (2), and the air intake pipe (2) is connected to the dust removal mechanism (1) through the protective shell (23).

7. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder spraying device (4) comprises a powder supply component (41), a discharge funnel (42), an air source component (43) and a powder spraying gun (44). The bottom of the powder supply component (41) is provided with a discharge funnel (42), one side of the discharge funnel (42) is provided with an air source component (43), one side of the air source component (43) is provided with a powder spraying gun (44), the powder spraying gun (44) is connected to the air inlet pipe (2) through the regulating damper (21), and the top of the powder supply component (41) is provided with a feeding guardrail (45).

8. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adsorbent tank (31) is provided at the connection between the air outlet pipe (3) and the dust removal mechanism (1), a reinforced shell (32) is provided below the adsorbent tank (31), a nozzle shield (33) is provided on one side of the air outlet pipe (3), and one side of the outer wall of the nozzle shield (33) is connected to the exhaust pipe (6).

9. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element (11) is in a hollow cylindrical shape. The filter element cleaning brush (12) comprises a brush head (121) and a displacement screw (122). The displacement screw (122) is provided at the center of the brush head (121). The brush head (121) is driven by a motor to move up and down in a vertical direction along the outer wall of the displacement screw (122). The cleaning frequency formula of the brush head (121) is: Wherein, f represents the rotation frequency; l represents the vertical movement speed; r represents the radius of the brush head (121); tanθ represents the brush wire inclination angle, and the residual dust on the surface of the filter element (11) is made less than 50 mg / m by the cleaning frequency formula. 2 .

10. The negative pressure dust removal equipment for chromium alloy steel shots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light detection mechanism (13) includes a sampling tube (131), a sampling chamber (132) and a photoelectric detector (133). The sampling tube (131) is provided on one side of the main cavity channel (7). The sampling chamber (132) is provided on one side of the sampling tube (131). The photoelectric detector (133) is provided on one side of the sampling chamber (132). The photoelectric detector (133) detects the airflow of the main cavity channel (7) and controls the opening and closing door (14) to open and close the auxiliary cavity channel (8). The concentration response model of the photoelectric detector (133) is: in, represents the ratio of transmitted light intensity; α represents the extinction coefficient of chromium dust; C represents the dust concentration; L represents the optical path. According to the concentration response model, when When the opening and closing door (14) is triggered, Thus, when the opening and closing door (14) is opened, the airflow passes through the auxiliary filter element (112) and then enters the air outlet pipe (3).

Images