PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity, gas and fertilizer combined supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity, gas and fertilizer combined supply system which takes solar energy, biomass energy and air energy as inputs and cold, heat, electricity, gas and biogas manure as outputs, and the solar energy is converted into heat energy and electric energy through a PV / T system; electric energy is converted into alternating current through the inverse control all-in-one machine to supply power to a heat pump, a water pump and external users of the system, and redundant electric energy is stored in a storage battery; hot water generated in the PV / T system, the heat storage water tank and the double-heat-source heat pump jointly provides a constant-temperature condition for the constant-temperature fermentation device, constant-temperature control in different seasons is carried out through the constant-temperature control box, generated biogas is supplied to users after passing through the dehydration and desulfurization device, and biogas slurry is used as biogas manure after high-concentration ammonia nitrogen is removed through the aerobic treatment tank; and waste heat in the aerobic treatment tank is returned to the double-heat-source heat pump for heating the constant-temperature fermentation device. Therefore, the combined supply system disclosed by the invention can realize harmless and resourceful treatment of biomass wastes most efficiently on the basis of meeting the multi-level requirements of users on cold, heat, electricity, gas and fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy and energy conservation and emission reduction, and in particular to a PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity and fertilizer co-supply system. Background Art

[0002] As clean and renewable energy sources, the efficient and low-cost utilization of solar energy and biomass holds significant value and significance for global economic and social development and climate change response. Solar energy is a ubiquitous and free renewable energy source, but it is also dispersed and unstable. Biomass is a stable, high-quality chemical energy source that can be used to produce biogas and biogas fertilizer through anaerobic fermentation. Therefore, the complementary supply of solar energy and biogas not only significantly improves the reliability and stability of energy supply, but also meets the diverse needs of users locally for heating, cooling, electricity, and fertilizer, offering significant economic, social, and environmental benefits.

[0003] Based on the above, Chinese invention patent CN202221888289.1 discloses a constant temperature control system for a solar biogas fermentation tank, which uses solar energy to heat the biogas feed liquid, collects solar energy through solar panels, and uses a constant temperature control system to ensure that the temperature and bacterial flora in the biogas reaction tank are constant, thereby increasing biogas production. However, this technical solution requires additional electrical input during the test process, and the treated biogas liquid is not further harmlessly treated. Chinese invention patent CN202411322101.0 discloses a solar PV / T heat pump combined supply system, which provides PV / T heat pump heating mode, PV / T heat pump cooling mode, PV / T heat pump domestic hot water mode, PV / T buried pipe heating mode, soil source heat pump heating mode, soil source heat pump cooling mode and soil source heat pump domestic hot water mode through the opening and closing of different valve groups between modules. However, the system does not have a supply of fertilizer and gas, and the electricity required for system operation requires additional input, and it does not achieve self-sufficiency. Chinese invention patent CN202010048786.X discloses a solar biogas heating system and method. This system utilizes solar collectors, heat exchangers, and heat pipe panels to heat the biogas plant, maintaining fermentation temperature while saving space and equipment costs. However, this system does not fully utilize solar energy for power generation and cannot achieve the combined supply of cooling, heating, electricity, gas, and fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the limitations of existing solar energy and biomass energy complementary multi-generation systems in terms of energy utilization efficiency, stability and resource processing, and to provide a PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity, gas and fertilizer combined supply system to continuously and stably achieve multi-generation of cold, heat, electricity, gas and fertilizer, and to adjust different constant temperature control strategies according to different seasons to better realize the resource processing of biomass energy.

[0005] To achieve its purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a combined cold, hot, and electric fertilizer supply system that complements PV / T and biomass, comprising a PV / T system and a constant temperature fermentation device. The constant temperature fermentation device uses biomass as a fermentation raw material. The combined supply system also includes a hot water storage tank, an integrated inverter control unit, a dual-heat source heat pump, a battery, a constant temperature control box, a dehydration and desulfurization device, and an aerobic treatment tank. The PV / T system is connected to the hot water storage tank via a first valve and a first circulating water pump to transfer heat. The hot water storage tank is connected to a dual-heat-source heat pump via a third valve, a fourth valve, and a second circulating water pump to provide a heat source. The hot water storage tank is connected to a constant-temperature fermentation device via a third valve, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, a seventh valve, and the third circulating water pump to provide the heat required for constant temperature. The constant-temperature fermentation device is connected to an aerobic treatment tank via a sewage pipe, and the aerobic treatment tank provides biogas fertilizer for users. The aerobic treatment tank is connected to the dual-heat-source heat pump via a fourth circulating water pump, an eighth valve, a tenth valve, an eleventh valve, and a ninth valve to recover heat. The dehydration and desulfurization device is connected to the constant-temperature fermentation device to provide biogas for users. The dual-source heat pump also provides heat source through air, and the dual-source heat pump is used to provide heating or cooling to the outside; The inverter-controlled integrated machine is electrically connected to the PV / T system and the battery in sequence. The inverter-controlled integrated machine supplies power to the dual-heat source heat pump and the circulating water pump, and the excess power is stored in the battery or supplied to the outside.

[0006] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the heat storage tank is provided with a first temperature sensor, the constant temperature fermentation device is provided with a second temperature sensor, and the constant temperature fermentation device regulates the constant temperature fermentation temperature in different seasons through a constant temperature control box.

[0007] Furthermore, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve are three-way valves.

[0008] Furthermore, the photovoltaic cell material of the PV / T system is any one or more combinations of single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon or perovskite.

[0009] Furthermore, the dual-source heat pump is any one of a vapor compression dual-source heat pump, an absorption dual-source heat pump or an adsorption dual-source heat pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the constant temperature fermentation device is any one of a normal temperature biogas tank, a medium temperature biogas tank or a high temperature biogas tank.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention integrates a PV / T system with a constant temperature anaerobic fermentation device to fully utilize solar energy for power generation and heat supply. By utilizing solar thermal and photovoltaic integrated technology, constant temperature anaerobic fermentation technology, dual heat source heat pump technology, biogas cogeneration technology, and waste heat recovery technology, it can simultaneously meet users' needs for cooling, heating, electricity, biogas, and biogas fertilizer. Specifically, the combined power supply system of the present invention includes four parts: a PV / T system, a dual heat source heat pump system, a constant temperature fermentation system, and a waste heat recovery and collection system. Its operation mode is as follows: The electricity generated by the PV / T system can directly drive the dual-source heat pump system. At the same time, the PV / T system is connected to the inverter and battery, which can meet the electricity needs of the entire system while also supplying power to the outside, achieving self-sufficient power supply. The dual-source heat pump system absorbs heat generated by the PV / T system, or the waste heat of the fermented substrate flowing out of the constant-temperature fermentation device, or the heat energy in the air. It then supplies heat or cooling to the outside while ensuring the constant-temperature anaerobic fermentation in the constant-temperature fermentation device. The constant-temperature fermentation device produces biogas that can be used as cooking gas and provides biogas fertilizer for returning to the fields. The waste heat recovery system uses the dual-source heat pump to recover the waste heat of the fermentation substrate in the aerobic treatment tank to provide heat for the constant-temperature fermentation device. This meets the multi-level needs of users while achieving completely harmless resource utilization of biomass. By integrating the constant temperature control box with the joint supply system, different constant temperature control strategies can be adjusted for the constant temperature fermentation device in different seasons to achieve constant temperature anaerobic fermentation at normal, medium and high temperatures, ensuring that the system can operate efficiently in different seasons.

[0012] In summary, the multi-energy supply system of the present invention achieves the harmless treatment and resource utilization of biomass waste through the efficient complementarity and coordinated operation of multiple energy forms, with higher energy utilization efficiency, more stable system operation, and self-sufficient electricity supply. It can simultaneously meet the multi-level needs of users and has broad application prospects and market potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system of the present invention; Figure numerals: 1, PV / T system; 2, hot water storage tank; 3, integrated inverter; 4, dual-source heat pump; 5, battery; 6, constant temperature control box; 7, constant temperature fermentation device; 8, dehydration and desulfurization device; 9, aerobic treatment tank; TI-T2 are the first and second temperature sensors respectively; P1-P4 are the first to fourth circulating water pumps respectively; V1-V11 are the first to eleventh valves respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The connection relationship and working principle of the combined power supply system of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a combined heating, cooling, and electricity fertilizer supply system that utilizes complementary PV / T and biomass technologies. The system includes a PV / T system 1 and a constant-temperature fermentation device 7, which uses biomass as a fermentation feedstock. The combined supply system also includes a heat storage tank 2, an integrated inverter controller 3, a dual-source heat pump 4, a battery 5, a constant-temperature control box 6, a dehydration and desulfurization device 8, and an aerobic treatment tank 9.

[0016] The PV / T system 1 is connected to the hot water storage tank 2 through the first valve V1 and the first circulating water pump P1 to transfer heat. The hot water storage tank 2 is provided with a first temperature sensor T1. The hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the dual-heat source heat pump 4 through the third valve V3, the fourth valve V4 and the second circulating water pump P2 to provide a heat source. The hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the constant temperature fermentation device 7 through the third valve V3, the fourth valve V4, the fifth valve V5, the sixth valve V6, the seventh valve V7 and the third circulating water pump P3 to provide the heat required for constant temperature. The fermentation unit 7 is connected to the aerobic treatment tank 9 via a sewage pipe. The aerobic treatment tank 9 provides biogas fertilizer for users. The aerobic treatment tank 9 is connected to the dual-source heat pump 4 via the fourth circulating water pump P4, the eighth valve V8, the tenth valve V10, the eleventh valve V11, and the ninth valve V9 to recover heat. The constant-temperature fermentation unit 7 is equipped with a second temperature sensor T2, and the constant-temperature fermentation unit 7 controls the fermentation temperature according to the season via a constant-temperature control box 6. The dehydration and desulfurization unit 8 is connected to the constant-temperature fermentation unit 7 to provide biogas for users. The dual-source heat pump 4 also provides heat from air and is used to provide external heating or cooling. The inverter control unit 3 is electrically connected to the PV / T system 1 and the battery 5 in sequence. The inverter control unit 3 supplies power to the dual-source heat pump 4 and the circulating water pumps (P1, P2, P3, and P4). Excess power is stored in the battery 5 or supplied to the external power supply.

[0017] Specifically, the photovoltaic cell material of the PV / T system 1 is selected from any one or more of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or perovskite. The dual-source heat pump 4 is selected from any one of a vapor compression dual-source heat pump, an absorption dual-source heat pump, or an adsorption dual-source heat pump. The constant-temperature fermentation device 7 is selected from any one of a normal-temperature biogas tank, a medium-temperature biogas tank, or a high-temperature biogas tank.

[0018] The hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the water-side evaporator outlet of the dual-source heat pump 4 via the fourth valve V4 and the second circulating water pump P2, and is connected to the water-side evaporator inlet of the dual-source heat pump 4 via the third valve V3. Low-temperature water enters the PV / T system 1 via the first circulating water pump P1 and the first valve V1. The cooling medium of the PV / T system 1 can be water, air, or refrigerant.

[0019] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments: This invention utilizes constant-temperature anaerobic fermentation technology, integrated photovoltaic and photothermal technology, dual-source heat pump technology, biogas cogeneration technology, and waste heat recovery technology to integrate a system for combined cooling, heating, electricity, and fertilizer production. The combined supply system includes a PV / T system, a dual-source heat pump system, a constant-temperature fermentation device system, and a waste heat recovery system.

[0020] PV / T system: The PV / T system 1 converts solar energy into heat energy and electrical energy, wherein the electrical energy directly drives the dual-source heat pump system 4. At the same time, the PV / T system 1 is connected to the inverter control integrated machine 3 and the battery 5, and supplies power to the outside while meeting the electricity demand of the entire system. The thermal energy is stored in the hot water storage tank 2 through the first valve V1 and the first water pump V1.

[0021] Dual-source heat pump system: The dual-source heat pump 4 absorbs the heat generated by the PV / T system 1 and stored in the hot water storage tank 2, or the residual heat of the fermented substrate flowing out of the constant temperature fermentation device 7, or the thermal energy in the air, and then supplies heat or cooling to the outside while ensuring constant temperature anaerobic fermentation in the constant temperature fermentation device 7.

[0022] Constant temperature fermentation system: The constant temperature control box 6 collects the temperatures of the constant temperature fermentation device 11 and the hot water storage tank 2 through the temperature sensor T2 and the temperature sensor T1 respectively, determines whether to start the circulating water pump P3, and opens the fifth valve V5 and the ac side of the sixth valve V6, and the seventh valve V7, allowing hot water to circulate around the constant temperature fermentation device 7, and heats the material liquid inside the constant temperature fermentation device 7 through convection heat exchange and heat conduction. When the constant temperature fermentation device 7 reaches the set constant temperature, the constant temperature control box 6 controls the circulating water pump P3 to turn off, and closes the ac side of the fifth valve V5 and the sixth valve V6, and the seventh valve V7 to stop heating the constant temperature fermentation device 7.

[0023] Thermostatic control box 6 regulates the anaerobic fermentation temperature of constant-temperature fermentation unit 7 to different levels during different seasons, setting it to a constant temperature of 26±1°C in winter, a moderate temperature of 37±1°C in spring and autumn, and a high temperature of 52±1°C in summer. This allows for the most efficient harmless and resourceful biomass treatment in all seasons. Thermostatic control box 6 always ensures that the circulating hot water supplied to constant-temperature fermentation unit 7 is at least 5°C higher than the internal temperature of constant-temperature fermentation unit 7 to ensure effective heat exchange.

[0024] Take the (26±1°C) constant temperature anaerobic fermentation condition set for the constant temperature control box 6 in winter as an example: when the temperature of the hot water storage tank 2 is ≥31°C, the third circulating water pump P3, the ab side of the third valve V3, the ac side of the fourth valve V4, the bc side of the fifth valve V5, the bc side of the sixth valve V6, the seventh valve V7 and the third circulating water pump P3 are turned on to meet the constant temperature heat demand of the constant temperature fermentation device 7 in the water tank direct supply mode; when the solar radiation intensity is greater than 0 and the temperature of the hot water storage tank 2 is less than 31°C, the third circulating water pump P3, the ac side of the fifth valve V5 and the sixth valve V6, the seventh valve V7 and the third circulating water pump P3 are turned on to make the dual heat source heat pump 4 meet the constant temperature heat demand of the constant temperature fermentation device 7 in the air source mode. When the solar radiation intensity is 0 and the temperature of the hot water storage tank 2 is less than 7°C and less than 31°C, the second and third circulating water pumps P2 and P3, the third valve V3, the fifth and sixth valves V5 and V6 on the ac side, the fourth valve V4 on the ab side, the seventh valve V7, and the third circulating water pump P3 are activated, allowing the dual-heat-source heat pump 4 to meet the user's heating and domestic hot water loads in water-source mode. When the solar radiation intensity is 0 and the temperature of the hot water storage tank 2 is ≤7°C, the third circulating water pump P3, the fifth and sixth valves V5 and V6 on the ac side, the seventh valve V7, and the third circulating water pump P3 are activated, allowing the dual-heat-source heat pump 4 to meet the constant-temperature heating demand of the constant-temperature fermentation device 7 in air-source mode. For the remaining seasons, refer to winter and ensure that the temperature of the circulating hot water provided by the constant-temperature fermentation device 7 is at least 5°C higher than the internal temperature of the constant-temperature fermentation device 7.

[0025] Waste heat recovery system: The aerobic treatment tank 9 is connected to the eighth valve V8, the tenth valve V10, the eleventh valve V11 and the ninth valve V9 through the water pump P4 to form a dual-heat source heat pump 4 for heat recovery. The high concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the biogas slurry is removed through the aerobic treatment tank 9 to reduce biological toxicity and make it applicable biogas fertilizer. At the same time, the heat can be recovered to better provide heat for the constant temperature fermentation device 7.

Claims

1. A PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system, comprising a PV / T system (1) and a constant temperature fermentation device (7), wherein the constant temperature fermentation device (7) uses biomass as a fermentation raw material and is characterized in that: The combined heat supply system further includes a hot water storage tank (2), an integrated reverse control unit (3), a dual-heat source heat pump (4), a storage battery (5), a constant temperature control box (6), a dehydration and desulfurization device (8), and an aerobic treatment tank (9); The PV / T system (1) is connected to the heat storage tank (2) through the first valve (V1) and the first circulating water pump (P1) to transfer heat. The heat storage tank (2) is connected to the dual heat source heat pump (4) through the third valve (V3), the fourth valve (V4) and the second circulating water pump (P2) to provide a heat source. The heat storage tank (2) is connected to the constant temperature heat pump (4) through the third valve (V3), the fourth valve (V4), the fifth valve (V5), the sixth valve (V6), the seventh valve (V7) and the third circulating water pump (P3). The fermentation device (7) is connected to the aerobic treatment tank (9) to provide the heat required for constant temperature; the constant temperature fermentation device (7) is connected to the aerobic treatment tank (9) through a sewage pipe, and the aerobic treatment tank (9) provides biogas fertilizer for the user; the aerobic treatment tank (9) is connected to the eighth valve (V8), the tenth valve (V10), the eleventh valve (V11) and the ninth valve (V9) through the fourth circulating water pump (P4) to form a dual heat source heat pump (4) for heat recovery; the dehydration and desulfurization device (8) is connected to the constant temperature fermentation device (7) to provide biogas for the user; The dual-source heat pump (4) also provides a heat source through air, and the dual-source heat pump (4) is used to supply heat or cool to the outside; The inverter-controlled integrated machine (3) is electrically connected to the PV / T system (1) and the storage battery (5) in sequence. The inverter-controlled integrated machine (3) supplies power to the dual-heat-source heat pump (4) and the circulating water pump (P1, P2, P3, P4), and excess power is stored in the storage battery (5) or supplied to the outside.

2. The PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage tank (2) is provided with a first temperature sensor (T1), the constant temperature fermentation device (7) is provided with a second temperature sensor (T2), and the constant temperature fermentation device (7) regulates the constant temperature fermentation temperature in different seasons through a constant temperature control box (6).

3. The PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third valve (V3), the fourth valve (V4), the fifth valve (V5), and the sixth valve (V6) are three-way valves.

4. The PV / T and biomass complementary cold, heat, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell material of the PV / T system (1) is any one or more combinations of single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon or perovskite.

5. The PV / T and biomass complementary cooling, heating, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The dual-heat-source heat pump (4) is any one of a vapor compression dual-heat-source heat pump, an absorption dual-heat-source heat pump, or an adsorption dual-heat-source heat pump.

6. The PV / T and biomass complementary cooling, heating, electricity and fertilizer combined supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The constant temperature fermentation device (7) is any one of a normal temperature biogas tank, a medium temperature biogas tank or a high temperature biogas tank.

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