Lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated slab and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of prefabricated slabs, and particularly relates to a light composite insulation prefabricated slab and a preparation method thereof.The light composite insulation prefabricated slab comprises a slab body, butt joint assemblies, a protection assembly and an auxiliary assembly, the butt joint assemblies are installed on the left side and the right side of the slab body, the protection assembly is installed at the rear end of the slab body, and the auxiliary assembly is installed in the slab body. According to the butt-joint assembly, through cooperation of clamping blocks and clamping grooves, the compactness of the spliced plate bodies is improved, corrosion caused by the fact that water vapor impurities enter the spliced positions is avoided, meanwhile, threaded rods are matched with locking blocks, the attaching compactness of first butt-joint blocks and second butt-joint blocks is guaranteed, follow-up use of the plate bodies is facilitated, the two plate bodies are locked at the same time, and the service life of the plate bodies is prolonged. The stability of the spliced plate bodies is ensured, and the overall strength of the spliced prefabricated plate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of prefabricated panels, in particular to a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated panel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated panel and its preparation method are a new type of building material that integrates multiple functions such as light weight, thermal insulation, heat insulation, and fire prevention. It is mainly composed of a panel, an insulation core material and a bonding layer.

[0003] Traditional prefabricated panels are often joined using tongue-and-groove or bolted connections. Tongue-and-groove joints rely on the weight of the panels and a simple concave-convex fit. Over the long term, they can be susceptible to structural settlement and temperature fluctuations, creating gaps that allow moisture to penetrate, causing corrosion at the joints and reducing structural stability. Bolted connections, while providing a certain degree of fastening force, require additional drilling in the panels, increasing construction costs and compromising panel integrity, creating stress concentration points and impacting overall strength.

[0004] Currently, the protective layers of prefabricated panels are mostly attached using adhesives or welding. However, adhesives gradually lose their viscosity under the influence of environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays and moisture, causing the protective layer to fall off. Furthermore, if local damage occurs to the welded protective structure, the entire structure must be dismantled and replaced, which is cumbersome and costly to maintain. Furthermore, it is difficult to meet the maintenance needs throughout the building's lifecycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board and a preparation method thereof are proposed.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0007] plate body;

[0008] Docking components, which are installed on the left and right sides of the board to achieve splicing of the board;

[0009] The docking assembly includes:

[0010] A first docking block is fixedly installed on the left side of the plate body, and a second docking block is fixedly installed on the right side of the plate body. A card slot is provided at the front and rear ends of the left side of the first docking block, and a card block is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the right side of the second docking block. A fixed block is fixedly installed in the middle of the left side of the first docking block, and a threaded rod is rotatably connected to the side of the fixed block away from the central axis.

[0011] Preferably, a locking block is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod, a fixing groove is provided in the middle of the right side of the second docking block, and empty grooves are provided on the left side of the first docking block located near the central axis of the fixing block and on the right side of the second docking block located near the central axis of the fixing groove.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes:

[0013] A protective component is installed at the rear end of the plate body and is used to protect the plate body.

[0014] Preferably, the protection component includes:

[0015] A protective plate is overlapped on the rear end of the plate body, and a sleeve is fixedly installed on the rear end of the plate body, and a sliding column is slidably connected inside the sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, a spring is provided between the sliding column and the sleeve, a limiting groove is provided at the rear end of the protective plate, and the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the sliding column are rotatably connected to the limiting plate.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes:

[0018] The auxiliary component is installed inside the board body and is used to improve the sound insulation effect of the board body.

[0019] Preferably, the auxiliary components include:

[0020] A heat-insulating layer is provided in the middle of the board body, a support column is provided inside the heat-insulating layer, both sides of the support column are in contact with the board body, and a sound-insulating layer is provided at the front and rear ends of the board body.

[0021] A method for preparing the lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board as described above comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step S1, raw material preparation: prepare high-strength lightweight concrete base material for the plate body, corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material for the first and second docking blocks, and weather-resistant engineering plastic material for the protective plate, with a density of 20-30 kg / m 3 Flame retardant polystyrene foam board is used as the insulation material, with a density of 50kg / m 3 and 80kg / m 3 Environmentally friendly polyester fiber cotton is used as the sound insulation material, and glass fiber rods with a diameter of 8-12mm are used as the support column material;

[0023] The raw materials for the high-strength lightweight concrete are optimized, and the mass ratio of cement, sand, lightweight aggregate and additives is (3-5): (2-4): (1-3): (0.01-0.05), and the lightweight aggregate is ceramsite with a particle size of 2-5 mm;

[0024] The aluminum alloy material is subjected to surface anodizing treatment, and the thickness of the oxide film is controlled at 8-12μm;

[0025] Step S2, board preparation: using a high-precision mold to cast the board, during the board forming process, reserve installation positions and installation holes for docking components, protective components, and auxiliary components;

[0026] When pouring, the slump of concrete should be controlled at 160-200mm, and the vibration molding time should be 30-60s;

[0027] Step S3, installing auxiliary components: insert the insulation layer into the installation groove reserved in the middle of the board body, apply epoxy resin glue to both ends of the support column, and fix them to the board body and the insulation layer respectively;

[0028] At the front and rear ends of the panel, a vacuum adsorption process is used in combination with an interface agent treatment to form a sound insulation layer with two layers of polyester fiber cotton of different densities, ensuring that the sound insulation layer fits tightly to the panel. The bonding strength after the interface agent treatment is not less than 0.4MPa.

[0029] During the vacuum adsorption process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.06--0.08MPa, and the adsorption time is 10-15min;

[0030] Step S4, docking assembly installation: Use a CNC machine tool to accurately process the installation surfaces on the left and right sides of the plate body, and fix the first docking block and the second docking block on the left and right sides of the plate body respectively, ensuring that the installation position error does not exceed ±0.5mm;

[0031] The threaded rod is rotatably connected to the fixed block through a high-precision bearing, and the locking block is then threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod;

[0032] During installation, the aluminum alloy butt joint is tapped, and the thread accuracy grade is 6H;

[0033] S5: Install the protective assembly. Use the positioning tool to install the sleeve at the rear end of the plate. After installing the sliding column and spring into the sleeve, perform a pre-compression test to ensure that the spring elasticity meets the design requirement of 8-12N / mm.

[0034] Overlap the protective plate on the rear end of the plate body, rotate the limit plate so that it is stuck in the limit groove at the rear end of the protective plate to install the protective plate; during the pre-compression test, compress the spring to 80% of its original length, hold it for 10 minutes, and measure the restoring force of the spring, which should be within the theoretical value range.

[0035] Preferably, in step S3, when installing the support columns, a dedicated positioning mold is used to ensure that the support columns are evenly distributed at intervals of 50-100 mm along the length direction of the insulation layer;

[0036] The special positioning mold is provided with positioning holes, the spacing between the positioning holes is 50-100 mm, and the diameter is 0.5-1 mm larger than the diameter of the support column.

[0037] Preferably, in steps S1-S5, quality inspection is carried out after each step is completed, and the inspection items include dimensional accuracy, material properties, and connection strength; the dimensional accuracy is inspected by a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the material property inspection includes a concrete compressive strength test, an aluminum alloy tensile strength test, and an insulation material thermal conductivity test. The connection strength is inspected by a pull-out test, and the pull-out strength between the concrete and the insulation layer is not less than 0.3 MPa, and the pull-out strength between the aluminum alloy docking block and the plate is not less than 0.5 MPa.

[0038] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0039] The docking assembly provided in the present invention cooperates with the card block and the card slot to improve the tightness of the panels after splicing, and prevents water vapor and impurities from entering the splicing joints and causing corrosion. At the same time, the threaded rod cooperates with the locking block to ensure the tightness of the first docking block and the second docking block, which is convenient for the subsequent use of the panels. At the same time, the two panels are locked to ensure the stability of the panels after splicing, and improve the overall strength of the prefabricated panels after splicing.

[0040] The protective component provided in the present invention cooperates with the sliding column through the protective plate to prevent the external wind and rain from eroding the plate body. After the plate body is installed, the protective plate can be easily replaced to increase the service life of the plate body. At the same time, the auxiliary component cooperates with the sound insulation layer and the thermal insulation layer to ensure the indoor temperature balance, absorb external noise, and improve the indoor comfort.

[0041] Traditional prefabricated panel splicing methods have problems such as poor stability and insufficient sealing. The docking assembly of the present invention adopts a composite structure of "double-tenon pre-positioning + threaded rod elastic locking". The block and slot cooperate to achieve three-dimensional limit constraint, and the shear resistance is increased by 40% compared with the traditional single-sided tongue and groove splicing; the threaded rod drives the locking block to slide in the inclined slot, so that the gap between the mating blocks is compressed from 0.5mm to below 0.1mm, and the water vapor permeability is reduced by 70%. This two-stage locking mechanism effectively solves the problem of looseness and leakage at the splicing point, which is a major breakthrough in traditional splicing technology.

[0042] The existing prefabricated board protective layer has the disadvantages of complex fixing methods and difficult replacement. The protective component of the present invention has an innovative design of "spring slide column-rotation limit plate" quick-release structure. The spring provides a stable preload force, so that the protective plate fit pressure reaches 15-20N / cm 2 , far exceeding the bonding strength of traditional adhesives; the limiting plate can be quickly disassembled and assembled by rotation, and a single protective plate can be quickly replaced, which is more than 5 times more efficient than traditional bolt fixing, greatly improving the maintainability of the protective structure and creating a new direction for the convenience of prefabricated panel protective structures.

[0043] The present invention constructs a composite system of "support-enhanced thermal insulation layer + gradient sound insulation layer". The thermal insulation layer adopts polystyrene foam board and built-in glass fiber support column, which increases the compressive strength of the board from 0.2MPa to 0.35MPa to avoid hollowing; the sound insulation layer adopts double layers of polyester fiber cotton with different densities to form a gradient structure, and the average absorption coefficient of 100-4000Hz noise reaches 0.85, which is 20% higher than that of single density material. At the same time, it achieves efficient thermal insulation and excellent sound insulation performance, meeting the needs of modern buildings for multifunctional materials.

[0044] In terms of preparation methods, the present invention optimizes and precisely controls the raw material processing and component installation processes. In terms of raw materials, the concrete mix ratio is optimized and the aluminum alloy surface is treated; the slump and vibration time are controlled in the plate preparation; the auxiliary components are installed using a vacuum adsorption process and the parameters are strictly controlled; the docking component installation ensures high-precision processing and thread accuracy; and quality inspection links are set up in each step. These innovative processes ensure the high-quality production of prefabricated panels. Compared with the existing technology, there is a significant improvement in production accuracy and product quality assurance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first docking block in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the second docking block in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the protective plate of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the plate body in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0052] Legend:

[0053] 1. Board body;

[0054] 2. Docking assembly; 201. First docking block; 202. Second docking block; 203. Clamping slot; 204. Clamping block; 205. Fixing block; 206. Threaded rod; 207. Locking block; 208. Fixing slot; 209. Empty slot;

[0055] 3. Protective assembly; 301. Protective plate; 302. Sleeve; 303. Sliding column; 304. Spring; 305. Limiting groove; 306. Limiting plate;

[0056] 4. Auxiliary components; 401. Insulation layer; 402. Support column; 403. Sound insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Specific examples are given below.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] See also Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board and a preparation method thereof, comprising: a board body 1, a docking component 2, a protective component 3 and an auxiliary component 4.

[0061] In this embodiment, when multiple prefabricated panels are spliced ​​together, the panel body 1 is spliced ​​through the docking component 2 to ensure the stability of the panel body 1 after splicing, while improving the tightness of the panel body 1 after splicing, which facilitates the splicing of the panel body 1. The protective component 3 protects the panel body 1 to improve the durability of the panel body 1. The auxiliary component 4 improves the sound insulation and heat insulation effects of the panel body 1 to facilitate the use of the panel body 1.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] On the basis of Example 1, a docking assembly 2 is further disclosed. The docking assembly 2 is installed on the left and right sides of the board body 1 to realize the splicing of the board body 1.

[0064] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the docking assembly 2 includes: a first docking block 201 fixedly installed on the left side of the plate body 1, a second docking block 202 fixedly installed on the right side of the plate body 1, a card slot 203 is provided at the front and rear ends of the left side of the first docking block 201, and a card block 204 is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the right side of the second docking block 202. A fixed block 205 is fixedly installed in the middle of the left side of the first docking block 201, and the fixed block 205 is rotatably connected to the side away from the central axis with a threaded rod 206, and the outer side of the threaded rod 206 is threadedly connected to a locking block 207, and a fixed groove 208 is provided in the middle of the right side of the second docking block 202. Empty grooves 209 are provided on the left side of the first docking block 201 on the side of the fixed block 205 close to the central axis and on the right side of the second docking block 202 on the side of the fixed groove 208 close to the central axis.

[0065] In this embodiment, when the plate body 1 is spliced, the first docking block 201 on the second plate body 1 is docked with the second docking block 202 of the plate body 1, so that the clamping block 204 is clamped into the clamping groove 203, thereby realizing the splicing of the plate body 1, improving the tightness of the spliced ​​plate body 1, and preventing water vapor impurities from entering the splicing to cause corrosion. At the same time, the clamping block 204 on the first docking block 201 will be synchronously clamped into the fixing groove 208, and the locking block 207 will enter the empty groove 209. Then, the threaded rod 206 is screwed, and the threaded rod 206 rotates to drive the locking block 207 in the empty groove 209. The locking block 207 slides upward and is thereby stuck in the first docking block 201 and the second docking block 202. At the same time, the upper end of the empty slot 209 has a certain inclination. As the threaded rod 206 rotates and drives the locking block 207 to slide upward, the locking block 207 will squeeze the first docking block 201 and the second docking block 202, so that the first docking block 201 and the second docking block 202 fit more closely, and the gap between the docking blocks is compressed from 0.5mm in the traditional structure to less than 0.1mm. When used with sealant, the water vapor permeability is reduced by 70%, effectively ensuring the sealing and stability of the splicing.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] On the basis of embodiment 1, a protection component 3 is further disclosed. The protection component 3 is installed at the rear end of the plate body 1 to protect the plate body 1.

[0068] like Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the protective assembly 3 includes: a protective plate 301 overlapped on the rear end of the plate body 1, a sleeve 302 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the plate body 1, a sliding column 303 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 302, a spring 304 is arranged between the sliding column 303 and the sleeve 302, a limiting groove 305 is provided at the rear end of the protective plate 301, and the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the sliding column 303 are rotatably connected to the limiting plate 306.

[0069] After the locking cam 301 is unlocked, the locking cam 302 is unlocked, and the spring 304 is squeezed out, and the locking cam 303 is unlocked, so that the locking cam 301 is unlocked.

[0070] Example 4:

[0071] On the basis of Example 1, an auxiliary component 4 is further disclosed. The auxiliary component 4 is installed inside the board body 1 to improve the sound insulation effect of the board body 1.

[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the auxiliary component 4 includes: an insulation layer 401 arranged in the middle end of the board body 1, a support column 402 is arranged inside the insulation layer 401, both sides of the support column 402 are in contact with the board body 1, and a sound insulation layer 403 is arranged at the front and rear ends of the board body 1.

[0073] In this embodiment, the insulation layer 401 has a density of 20-30 kg / m 3 The polystyrene foam board has low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal insulation performance, stable chemical properties, and is not easily affected by humid environments. Inside the insulation layer 401, glass fiber rods with a diameter of 8-12mm are evenly distributed at intervals of 50-100mm along the length as support columns 402. The two sides of the support columns 402 are tightly fitted with the board body 1, which increases the compressive strength of the board from 0.2MPa of the traditional structure to 0.35MPa, effectively avoiding the hollowing and deformation problems of the insulation layer, and ensuring the long-term stability of the insulation effect. The sound insulation layer 403 adopts a double-layer polyester fiber cotton design, with an inner layer density of 50kg / m 3 , the outer layer density is 80kg / m 3 , forming a gradient structure. This design has an average absorption coefficient of 0.85 for 100-4000Hz noise, which is 20% higher than that of single-density materials. It has good barrier and absorption effects on common noises such as traffic noise and life noise, meets the high requirements of GB / T19889.3, and significantly improves the quality of the indoor acoustic environment.

[0074] Example 5:

[0075] Based on Examples 1-4, a method for preparing a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board is further disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0076] Step S1, raw material preparation: prepare high-strength lightweight concrete base material for making the plate body 1, corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material for making the first docking block 201 and the second docking block 202, and weather-resistant engineering plastic material for making the protective plate 301, with a density of 20-30 kg / m 3 Flame retardant polystyrene foam board is used as the insulation layer 401 material, with a density of 50kg / m 3 and 80kg / m 3 Environmentally friendly polyester fiber cotton is used as the material of the sound insulation layer 403, and glass fiber rods with a diameter of 8-12 mm are used as the material of the support column 402;

[0077] The raw materials for the high-strength lightweight concrete are optimized, and the mass ratio of cement, sand, lightweight aggregate and additives is (3-5): (2-4): (1-3): (0.01-0.05), and the lightweight aggregate is ceramsite with a particle size of 2-5 mm;

[0078] The aluminum alloy material is subjected to surface anodizing treatment, and the thickness of the oxide film is controlled at 8-12μm;

[0079] Step S2, board preparation: using a high-precision mold to cast the board 1. During the molding process of the board 1, the installation positions and installation holes for the docking component 2, the protective component 3 and the auxiliary component 4 are reserved;

[0080] When pouring, the slump of concrete should be controlled at 160-200mm, and the vibration molding time should be 30-60s;

[0081] Step S3, installation of auxiliary components: insert the insulation layer 401 into the installation groove reserved in the middle end of the plate body 1, apply epoxy resin glue to both ends of the support column 402, and fix them to the plate body 1 and the insulation layer 401 respectively. When installing the support column 402, use a special positioning mold to ensure that the support column 402 is evenly distributed at intervals of 50-100mm along the length direction of the insulation layer 401;

[0082] The dedicated positioning mold is provided with positioning holes, the spacing of the positioning holes is 50-100 mm, and the diameter is 0.5-1 mm larger than the diameter of the support column 402;

[0083] At the front and rear ends of the panel 1, two layers of polyester fiber cotton with different densities are composited to form a sound insulation layer 403 using a vacuum adsorption process combined with an interface agent treatment, ensuring that the sound insulation layer 403 is tightly attached to the panel 1, and the bonding strength after the interface agent treatment is not less than 0.4 MPa;

[0084] During the vacuum adsorption process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.06--0.08MPa, and the adsorption time is 10-15min;

[0085] Step S4, docking assembly installation: Use a CNC machine tool to accurately process the installation surfaces on the left and right sides of the plate body 1, and fix the first docking block 201 and the second docking block 202 on the left and right sides of the plate body 1 respectively, ensuring that the installation position error does not exceed ±0.5mm;

[0086] The threaded rod 206 is rotatably connected to the fixed block 205 through a high-precision bearing, and the locking block 207 is then threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod 206;

[0087] During installation, the aluminum alloy butt joint is tapped, and the thread accuracy grade is 6H;

[0088] S5: Install the protective assembly. Use the positioning tool to install the sleeve 302 at the rear end of the plate 1. After installing the sliding column 303 and the spring 304 into the sleeve 302, perform a pre-compression test to ensure that the elasticity of the spring 304 meets the design requirement of 8-12N / mm.

[0089] The protective plate 301 is overlapped with the rear end of the plate body 1, and the limiting plate 306 is rotated to be inserted into the limiting groove 305 at the rear end of the protective plate 301 to achieve the installation of the protective plate 301; during the pre-compression test, the spring (304) is compressed to 80% of its original length and maintained for 10 minutes. The restoring force of the spring should be within the theoretical value range.

[0090] Quality inspection is carried out after each step is completed. The inspection items include dimensional accuracy, material properties, and connection strength. The dimensional accuracy is tested by a three-coordinate measuring instrument. The material performance test includes concrete compressive strength test, aluminum alloy tensile strength test, and insulation material thermal conductivity test. The connection strength is tested by a pull-out test. The pull-out strength between the concrete and the insulation layer is not less than 0.3MPa, and the pull-out strength between the aluminum alloy butt joint and the plate is not less than 0.5MPa.

[0091] Docking assembly test: Two prefabricated panels were inserted into the slot 203 through the clamping block 204, with an initial positioning error of ≤0.3mm; the threaded rod 206 was rotated until the locking block 207 was fully engaged with the empty slot 209. The measured lateral extrusion force at the joint reached 500N, an increase of 66.7% compared to the 300N of traditional bolt connections.

[0092] Protective component life test: 500 protective plate disassembly and assembly operations were simulated, with the elastic attenuation rate of spring 304 being less than 5% and the number of engagement failures of limit plate 306 being zero, verifying the structural reliability.

[0093] Sound insulation test: According to GB / T19889.3, in the frequency range of 100-4000Hz, the sound insulation of the panels of the present invention is better than the sound insulation standard of partition walls in GB50118-2010 (≥40dB), among which the sound insulation in the 315Hz frequency range reaches 45dB.

[0094] Insulation test: Under the environment of temperature difference of 20℃, the thermal resistance of the board is 1.2(m 2 ·K) / W, which is better than the thermal resistance requirement of insulation board in JGJ144-2019 (≥1.0(m 2 ·K) / W).

[0095] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board, characterized in that: include: plate(1); A docking assembly (2), the docking assembly (2) being installed on the left and right sides of the plate body (1) and used for achieving the splicing of the plate body (1); The docking assembly (2) comprises: A first docking block (201) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the plate body (1), a second docking block (202) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the plate body (1), a clamping slot (203) is provided at the front and rear ends of the left side of the first docking block (201), a clamping block (204) is fixedly mounted at the front and rear ends of the right side of the second docking block (202), a fixed block (205) is fixedly mounted at the middle part of the left side of the first docking block (201), and a threaded rod (206) is rotatably connected to the side of the fixed block (205) away from the central axis.

2. A lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the threaded rod (206) is threadedly connected to a locking block (207); a fixing groove (208) is provided in the middle of the right side of the second docking block (202); and an empty groove (209) is provided on the left side of the first docking block (201) located on the side of the fixing block (205) close to the central axis and on the right side of the second docking block (202) located on the side of the fixing groove (208) close to the central axis.

3. A lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A protective component (3) is installed at the rear end of the plate body (1) and is used to protect the plate body (1).

4. A lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protection component (3) comprises: A protective plate (301) is overlapped on the rear end of the plate body (1); a sleeve (302) is fixedly installed on the rear end of the plate body (1); and a sliding column (303) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (302).

5. The lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spring (304) is provided between the sliding column (303) and the sleeve (302), a limiting groove (305) is provided at the rear end of the protective plate (301), and the upper and lower ends of the outer sides of the sliding column (303) are rotatably connected to the limiting plate (306).

6. The lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An auxiliary component (4) is installed inside the plate body (1) and is used to improve the sound insulation effect of the plate body (1).

7. A lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary component (4) comprises: A heat-insulating layer (401) is provided at the middle end of the plate body (1), support columns (402) are provided inside the heat-insulating layer (401), both sides of the support columns (402) are in contact with the plate body (1), and sound insulation layers (403) are provided at the front and rear ends of the plate body (1).

8. A method for preparing a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, raw material preparation: prepare high-strength lightweight concrete base material for making the plate body (1), corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material for making the first docking block (201) and the second docking block (202), and weather-resistant engineering plastic material for making the protective plate (301), with a density of 20-30 kg / m 3 The flame retardant polystyrene foam board is used as the insulation layer (401) material, and the density is 50kg / m 3 and 80kg / m 3 Environmentally friendly polyester fiber cotton is used as the sound insulation layer (403) material, and glass fiber rods with a diameter of 8-12 mm are used as the support column (402) material; The raw materials for the high-strength lightweight concrete are optimized, and the mass ratio of cement, sand, lightweight aggregate and additives is (3-5): (2-4): (1-3): (0.01-0.05), and the lightweight aggregate is ceramsite with a particle size of 2-5 mm; The aluminum alloy material is subjected to surface anodizing treatment, and the thickness of the oxide film is controlled at 8-12μm; Step S2, plate preparation: using a high-precision mold to cast the plate (1), and during the molding process of the plate (1), reserving installation positions and installation holes for the docking component (2), the protective component (3) and the auxiliary component (4); When pouring, the slump of concrete should be controlled at 160-200mm, and the vibration molding time should be 30-60s; Step S3, installation of auxiliary components: embed the thermal insulation layer (401) into the installation groove reserved in the middle end of the plate body (1), apply epoxy resin glue to both ends of the support column (402), and fix them to the plate body (1) and the thermal insulation layer (401) respectively; At the front and rear ends of the plate body (1), two layers of polyester fiber cotton with different densities are compounded to form a sound insulation layer (403) by using a vacuum adsorption process combined with an interface agent treatment, ensuring that the sound insulation layer (403) is tightly fitted to the plate body (1), and the bonding strength after the interface agent treatment is not less than 0.4 MPa; During the vacuum adsorption process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.06--0.08MPa, and the adsorption time is 10-15min; Step S4, docking assembly installation: Use a CNC machine tool to accurately process the installation surface on the left and right sides of the plate body (1), and fix the first docking block (201) and the second docking block (202) on the left and right sides of the plate body (1) respectively, ensuring that the installation position error does not exceed ±0.5mm; The threaded rod (206) is rotatably connected to the fixed block (205) through a high-precision bearing, and the locking block (207) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod (206); During installation, the aluminum alloy butt joint is tapped, and the thread accuracy grade is 6H; S5: Install the protective assembly. Use the positioning tool to install the sleeve (302) at the rear end of the plate (1). After installing the sliding column (303) and the spring (304) into the sleeve (302), perform a pre-compression test to ensure that the elasticity of the spring (304) meets the design requirement of 8-12N / mm. The protective plate (301) is overlapped with the rear end of the plate body (1), and the limiting plate (306) is rotated to be inserted into the limiting groove (305) at the rear end of the protective plate (301) to achieve the installation of the protective plate (301); during the pre-compression test, the spring (304) is compressed to 80% of its original length and maintained for 10 minutes. The restoring force of the spring is measured to be within the range of the theoretical value.

9. The method for preparing a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, when installing the support columns (402), a dedicated positioning mold is used to ensure that the support columns (402) are evenly distributed at intervals of 50-100 mm along the length direction of the insulation layer (401); The special positioning mold is provided with positioning holes, the spacing between the positioning holes is 50-100 mm, and the diameter is 0.5-1 mm larger than the diameter of the support column (402).

10. The method for preparing a lightweight composite thermal insulation prefabricated board according to claim 8, characterized in that: In steps S1-S5, quality inspection is performed after each step is completed. The inspection items include dimensional accuracy, material properties, and connection strength; The dimensional accuracy is tested using a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the material performance test includes concrete compressive strength test, aluminum alloy tensile strength test, and insulation material thermal conductivity test. The connection strength is tested using a pull-out test. The pull-out strength between the concrete and the insulation layer is not less than 0.3MPa, and the pull-out strength between the aluminum alloy docking block and the plate is not less than 0.5MPa.

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