Round concrete building formwork supporting device

Abstract

A circular concrete building formwork supporting device belongs to the technical field of building construction auxiliary formworks and comprises a hollow annular body, a driving unit, a supporting unit and a connecting assembly, and the hollow annular body is of a hollow structure; the driving unit is arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body; the multiple sets of supporting units are evenly arranged on the outer side of the hollow annular body in the circumferential direction, and the driving unit is arranged between the hollow annular body and the multiple sets of supporting units. An annular inner supporting system composed of the hollow annular body and the multiple sets of circumferential arc-shaped supporting formworks is adopted, pressure borne by holes and external loads are evenly transmitted to the side wall circumference of the hollow annular body through the annularly-distributed arc-shaped supporting formworks, and conversion of the loads from point bearing to surface bearing is achieved; the stress peak value caused by single-point concentrated stress is avoided, local stress is greatly reduced through distributed bearing of the circumferential side wall, and node fatigue and failure risks are fundamentally reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary formwork for building construction, and particularly relates to a circular concrete building formwork supporting device. Background Art

[0002] When creating circular holes in walls or circular arches on building sidewalls, the original structural force balance is disrupted, making it susceptible to deformation and cracking due to surrounding loads. Therefore, circular holes require timely support. Using appropriate support structures to distribute stress and maintain the stability of the surrounding walls or components, this provides a safe foundation for subsequent renovation and reinforcement processes, ensuring the overall structural safety of the building.

[0003] In the related art (Chinese patent with announcement number CN107620468B), a circular arch formwork support structure and construction method are disclosed. The structure includes two circular steel rings, a plurality of axial steel bars, and a plurality of radial steel bars. The two circular steel rings are arranged in parallel and the distance between them is the same as the thickness of the wall. The size of the two circular steel rings corresponds to the circular arch. The two circular steel rings are connected and fixed by the plurality of axial steel bars, and the plurality of radial steel bars are radially arranged in the circular steel rings. By arranging radial steel bars in the circular steel rings, the circular radial force system is evenly supported, ensuring that the circular arch curve is smooth after construction; furthermore, by assembling the curved formwork and the circular arch steel bar group and then fixing them, the construction is more convenient and the integrity is strong, further ensuring that the circular arch curve is smooth after construction; in addition, the circular arch formwork support structure is mainly made of steel bars, which is easy to process, has a wide range of material choices, and the steel bars can be recycled and reused, which can save resources.

[0004] The aforementioned method of supporting circular concrete building holes by placing radial reinforcement within a circular steel ring results in significant stress concentration at the center node. This means that all internal forces of the radial reinforcement are transmitted through the center node, causing this node to bear multi-directional superimposed loads and prone to stress concentration. When the inner wall of the hole is subjected to lateral pressure from concrete or external loads, the tensile force of the radial reinforcement is concentrated at the center node, which can easily cause fatigue in the connection at this point, leading to node failure and, in turn, instability of the entire support structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the internal forces of radial steel bars in the existing technology are all transmitted through the center node, causing the node to bear multi-directional superimposed loads, which is prone to stress concentration. When the inner wall of the hole is subjected to pressure or external loads, it is easy to cause fatigue and failure at the connection of the center node, and then cause the entire support structure to become unstable, the present invention provides a circular concrete building formwork support device, which adopts an annular internal support system composed of a hollow annular body and multiple groups of circumferential arc-shaped support templates. On the basis of ensuring stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole, this structure can evenly transmit the pressure and external load borne by the hole to the circumference of the side wall of the hollow annular body through the annularly distributed arc-shaped support templates, realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing, avoiding the stress peak caused by single-point concentrated force, and greatly reducing local stress through distributed bearing of the circumferential side wall, fundamentally reducing the risk of node fatigue and failure, and the force transmission path of the annular internal support structure is more dispersed and balanced. Its specific technical solution is as follows: A circular concrete building formwork support device comprises: a hollow annular body, a drive unit, a support unit and a connecting assembly, wherein the hollow annular body is configured as a hollow structure; the drive unit is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow annular body; the support units are provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of support units are evenly arranged on the outside of the hollow annular body along the circumferential direction, and the drive unit is arranged between the hollow annular body and the multiple groups of support units, and the multiple groups of support units are driven by the drive unit to enclose the outer side of the hollow annular body to form a support structure that is compatible with the inner wall of the circular building hole; the connecting assembly is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of connecting assemblies are arranged one-to-one between two adjacent groups of support units, for assisting in enclosing the multiple groups of support units after the support diameter is expanded to form a closed support structure.

[0006] In the above technical solution, each group of the support units includes: a fixed seat, a slide groove, a slider, a moving rod, an arc-shaped support template and a fixing pin, the fixed seat is fixedly and vertically installed on the outer wall of the hollow annular body; the slide groove is opened on the front side wall of the fixed seat; the slider is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the slide groove; one end of the moving rod is fixedly and vertically installed on the side wall of the slider, and the other end slides outward to pass through the side wall of the fixed seat; the arc-shaped support template is fixedly installed on the other end of the moving rod, and the arc-shaped support template is set to be arc-shaped; the fixing pin is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the slider; Among them, the arc-shaped support templates contained in multiple groups of the support units are surrounded on the outside of the hollow annular body to form a support structure that is compatible with the inner wall of the circular building hole; the thickness ratio of the hollow annular body to the arc-shaped support template is set to 1-1.5:1.

[0007] In the above technical solution, each group of the support units also includes: a mounting block and an auxiliary support arm, the mounting block is fixedly installed on the movable rod; the auxiliary support arm is symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the mounting block, and the two ends of the auxiliary support arm are respectively connected to the mounting block and the arc-shaped support template.

[0008] In the above technical solution, each group of the connecting components includes: a slot and a connecting layer, the slot is opened at the side wall edge of one of the free ends of each of the arc-shaped support templates, and the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot is adapted to the curvature of the arc-shaped support template; the connecting layer is fixedly installed at the side wall edge of the other free end of each of the arc-shaped support templates, the connecting layer is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template, and the curvature of the connecting layer is adapted to the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the connecting layer includes a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, and a third connecting piece, and the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece, and the third connecting piece are stacked in sequence from the inside to the outside, and one end of the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece, and the third connecting piece is respectively fixedly connected to the side wall edge of one of the free ends of the arc-shaped support template, and the other end is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template; Among them, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece, and the third connecting piece are made of differentiated materials adapted to their bending requirements and mechanical properties, and the bendable curvature of the third connecting piece located on the outside is greater than the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece, and the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece is greater than the bendable curvature of the first connecting piece.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the driving unit includes: an annular bearing, a driving ring, a driving rod and a toggle pin, the annular bearing is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow annular body, and the annular bearing is concentrically arranged with the hollow annular body; the driving ring is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the annular bearing, and the driving ring is concentrically arranged with the hollow annular body; there are multiple driving rods, one end of each driving rod is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the driving ring, and the other end is rotatably connected to the fixed pin, and the driving rod is inclined relative to the radial direction of the driving ring; the toggle pin is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the driving ring.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the driving unit also includes: a positioning bolt, a positioning plate, a positioning hole and a positioning nut, the positioning bolt slides from front to rear through the push pin, and the rear free end of the positioning bolt is provided with an external thread; the positioning plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow annular body, and the positioning plate is arranged parallel to the rear side of the driving ring; there are multiple positioning holes, and the multiple positioning holes are evenly opened on the positioning plate along the circumferential direction, and the multiple positioning holes are opened on the same circumferential path, and the spacing between each positioning hole is equal, and the positioning bolt passes through the inner cavity of one of the positioning holes backward; the inner cavity of the positioning nut is provided with an internal thread adapted to the rear free end of the positioning bolt, and the positioning nut thread is sleeved on the rear free end of the positioning bolt.

[0012] In the above technical solution, two groups of abutment units are arranged between the fixed pin and the arc-shaped support template, and the two groups of abutment units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable rod. Each group of the abutment units includes: a first linkage arm, a second linkage arm, a movable pin and a limiting slot frame. One end of the first linkage arm is rotatably connected to the fixed pin; the second linkage arm is rotatably connected to the other end of the first linkage arm; the movable pin is fixedly installed on the end of the second linkage arm away from the first linkage arm; the limiting slot frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support template, and the limiting slot frame is provided with an arc-shaped inner cavity for the movable pin to slide into.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the angle between the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm is set to 120°-150°.

[0014] In the above technical solution, a limiting assembly is provided on the side wall of the fixed seat, and the limiting assembly includes: a fixing rod, a limiting cylinder, a U-shaped mounting bracket and a leaf spring, and two fixing rods are provided, and the two fixing rods are symmetrically and obliquely fixedly installed on the top end of the side wall of the fixed seat; the limiting cylinder is fixedly installed on the free end of the fixing rod, and the side wall of the limiting cylinder is in sliding contact with the side wall of the first linkage arm close to the direction of the moving rod; the U-shaped mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the slider; two leaf springs are provided, and one end of the two leaf springs is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting bracket, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first linkage arm away from the direction of the moving rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the circular concrete building formwork support device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, in order to address the problem that in traditional radial steel reinforcement support, all internal forces are transmitted through the center node, resulting in multi-directional load superposition and significant stress concentration, and the center node fatigue failure is easily caused when the inner wall of the hole is subjected to pressure or external load, thereby causing overall support instability, the present invention adopts an annular internal support system consisting of a hollow annular body and multiple groups of circumferential arc-shaped support templates. On the basis of ensuring stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole, this structure can evenly transmit the pressure and external load borne by the hole to the circumference of the side wall of the hollow annular body through the annularly distributed arc-shaped support templates, thereby realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing; compared with the point connection form of traditional center node, the method of the present invention avoids the stress peak caused by single-point concentrated force, greatly reduces local stress through distributed load bearing on the circumferential side wall, and fundamentally reduces the risk of node fatigue and failure, and the force transmission path of the annular internal support structure is more dispersed and balanced. Even if the force on local components fluctuates, the overall structure can still maintain stability through circumferential collaborative load bearing, and has stronger anti-instability ability; 2. In the present invention, the hollow annular body with a hollow center and the multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates that are circumferentially enclosed to form a circular support system have a thickness ratio of 1-1.5:1. In this thickness ratio, when the circumferential arc-shaped support template is subjected to external loads and tends to deform, its relatively thin thickness characteristic enables it to more sensitively transmit the load force to the hollow annular body in the middle. The hollow annular body in the middle has a relatively larger thickness and has better stiffness reserve and anti-deformation ability. After receiving the load transmitted by the circumferential arc-shaped support template, it can effectively resist deformation by relying on its own structural strength and maintain a stable state. That is, this thickness ratio realizes the synergy of the force transmission between the two, which not only ensures the efficient transmission of the load by the circumferential arc-shaped support template, but also relies on the thickness advantage of the hollow annular body in the middle to ensure the stability of the overall support system, so that the load can be reasonably dispersed and carried during the transmission process, avoiding structural failure caused by local excessive force, thereby improving the bearing limit and working reliability of the entire support structure. 3. In the present invention, the hollow annular body adopts low-alloy high-strength steel as the base material, and optimizes the mechanical properties by regulating the material properties. Specifically, it selects Q690 grade low-alloy steel with a yield strength of not less than 690MPa, refines the grains through the controlled rolling and controlled cooling process, and its grain size reaches above level 8, and is strengthened by precipitation of trace alloy elements, so that the overall stiffness of the structure is significantly improved. At the same time, by reducing the carbon equivalent and adopting low-temperature tempering treatment, the plastic deformation capacity and toughness reserve under stress are improved. This material optimization scheme can increase the load-bearing capacity of the hollow structure by more than 30%, and its critical buckling load and plastic deformation absorption energy are better than those of traditional carbon structural steel. When bearing complex working conditions such as radial uniform load, local concentrated load and dynamic impact load, it can ensure the geometric stability of the structure through stiffness, and use toughness to buffer the stress impact caused by load fluctuation, thereby providing the entire support system with both high strength and high safety mechanical support, ensuring that the support structure maintains a stable working state within the design load range. 4. In the present invention, the hollow annular body and the multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates that circumferentially enclose a circular support system are concentric circle structures, ensuring that the multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates that circumferentially fit the inner wall of the circular building hole can act on the side wall circumference of the hollow annular body with a force path of equal length, so as to ensure that the circumferential force of the hollow annular body is uniform, and avoid the state in which local force easily leads to unstable force deformation at a certain point of the hollow annular body; that is, the concentric circle setting adopted by the present invention can make the radial distance between each arc-shaped support template and the hollow annular body equal, and the length of the force arm transmitted to the hollow annular body by each arc-shaped support template is consistent, avoiding the imbalance of load distribution caused by the difference in force transmission path, effectively reducing the risk of plastic deformation of the hollow annular body due to local stress exceeding the limit, and especially avoiding the problems of local bulging and deflection deformation of the side wall commonly seen in traditional asymmetric structures, significantly improving the structural stability of the hollow annular body under long-term load, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the entire support system; 5. The present invention is equipped with a driving unit for driving multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates to synchronously implement internal support to the inner wall of the circular building hole. The driving unit can realize centralized driving force output, without the need to drive the arc-shaped support templates one by one, and can prompt multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates to quickly and synchronously fit the inner wall of the hole under the action of a unified driving force; fundamentally avoiding the support time difference caused by the difference in operation sequence when assembling the arc-shaped support templates one by one in the traditional way, and the problem of uneven support degree in different areas of the inner wall of the hole caused by this, ensuring that the support effect of each part of the circumference of the hole is highly consistent at the time node, and the effects such as support strength and fitting tightness tend to be balanced; in addition, this synchronization improves the efficiency of the support operation, reduces the time consumption of step-by-step driving, and can ensure that the inner wall of the hole is uniformly constrained at the initial stage of force, avoiding instantaneous stress concentration caused by local support lag, thereby reducing the risk of micro cracks in the concrete structure around the hole during the support process, and further enhancing the reliability and safety of the support system; 6. In the present invention, multiple groups of driving rods are arranged obliquely relative to their corresponding moving rods. The circumferential rotation of the driving ring can drive one end of all the driving rods to generate synchronous circumferential displacement. The displacement is converted into a linear displacement of the moving rod along the radial inner support direction through the force system conversion of the inclined structure, thereby realizing the synchronous inner support support or retraction of multiple groups of moving rods from the support state; this arrangement can complete the adjustment of the support state of multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates through a single circumferential rotation action of the driving ring, and utilizes the inclined transmission structure to achieve efficient conversion of motion forms, accurately converting rotational motion into radial force, thereby improving transmission efficiency, eliminating the need for complex step-by-step operations, significantly shortening support adjustment time, and improving construction efficiency. Moreover, a single driving source controls the synchronous action of multiple components, avoiding the coordination error of multiple driving devices, ensuring the consistency of the inner support displacement of the moving rods, and at the same time reducing the risk of operational errors, thereby enhancing the practicality and reliability of the support system; 7. The present invention utilizes a locking assembly consisting of positioning plates, positioning holes, and positioning bolts to precisely lock and position multiple sets of drive rods after drive adjustment. This locking mechanism enables the drive rods to maintain long-term mechanical stability after driving the corresponding curved support templates to reach the preset internal support position on the inner wall of the circular building hole. This effectively suppresses return offset of the drive rods caused by load fluctuations or vibrations, ensuring that the amplitude and action position of the support force of the curved support template on the inner wall of the hole are always maintained within the designed range, providing structural protection for the long-term reliable operation of the support system. 8. In view of the problem that circular steel rings are used in combination with radial steel bars to support circular concrete building holes in the prior art, the steel rings can only adapt to a single caliber due to their fixed circumference and are therefore limited in use, the present invention uses multiple sets of arc-shaped support templates to enclose and form a circular support structure, and adjusts the support caliber by linear displacement of the arc-shaped support templates along the radial inner support direction; at the same time, a connecting component is provided between two adjacent sets of arc-shaped support templates, which can seal and connect the gaps generated during the adjustment process; this method enables the multiple sets of arc-shaped support templates and the connecting components to maintain a circular closed inner support structure after the support caliber is expanded, which not only breaks through the single caliber adaptation limitation and can meet the support needs of circular building holes of various calibers, but also ensures a fully enclosed support effect under different calibers through the sealing effect of the connecting component, thereby improving the versatility and support reliability of the equipment; 9. In the present invention, the first, second, and third connecting pieces of the connecting assembly are made of differentiated materials to adapt to different bending requirements and mechanical properties: the outer third connecting piece is made of 65Mn spring steel, which can withstand large arc bending and has excellent cold bending and elastic recovery capabilities; the inner first connecting piece is made of Q235B carbon structural steel, which meets the requirements of small arc bending and foundation support rigidity; the second connecting piece is made of 304 stainless steel, which serves as a connection transition and has both flexibility and corrosion resistance. The selection of three materials not only meets different bending requirements, but also ensures the connection strength at the gaps between adjacent arc-shaped support templates and stable support for the inner wall of the hole through their respective performance advantages, ensuring the mechanical synergy of the overall structure during the adjustment process; 10. In the present invention, abutment units are respectively provided at both ends of each group of arc-shaped supporting templates, which can ensure that when the arc-shaped supporting templates are adapted to the support requirements of circular building holes of different calibers, the two ends of the arc-shaped supporting templates will not separate from the inner wall of the hole; that is, the present invention is provided with an abutment function that drives the two ends of each group of arc-shaped supporting templates to tightly abut the inner wall of the circular building hole. This function can ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped supporting templates are always closely fitted with the inner wall of the hole through active adjustment when adapting to the support requirements of circular building holes with larger calibers, effectively avoiding the structural defect that the arc-shaped supporting templates with fixed arc curvature are difficult to adapt independently due to changes in caliber. This method significantly broadens the scope of application of the equipment, can cover hole diameter specifications with larger spans, and at the same time ensure the sealing and force transmission efficiency of the support contact under different calibers, thereby improving the versatility and engineering practicality of the equipment; 11. In the present invention, when the moving rod produces a linear displacement along the radial inward supporting direction, the limiting and guiding effect of the limiting assembly on the first linkage arm can drive the moving pin to automatically drive the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template to abut against the inner wall of the circular building hole. This method constructs a mechanical linkage mechanism of the moving rod displacement and the moving pin driving the end of the arc-shaped supporting template to abut against the inner wall of the circular building hole through the limiting assembly: when the moving rod drives the arc-shaped supporting template to expand outward to adapt to a hole with a larger diameter, the moving pin synchronously completes the abutment action on the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template, and no additional power source is required to drive the abutment unit series components. This linkage feature not only improves the system automation level and avoids the coordination error of multiple drive devices, but also ensures the coordination of the body expansion and end abutment of the arc-shaped supporting template during the adaptation process of different diameters, so that the support force distribution of each contact point on the inner wall of the hole is more uniform, which significantly enhances the tightness and stability when supporting holes of different specifications, and reduces the complexity of the equipment structure and the operation and maintenance costs. 12. In the present invention, the first linkage arm is assembled between the limiting cylinder and the leaf spring. When the first linkage arm is displaced outwardly along the radial support direction, it automatically generates a rotation away from the direction of the moving rod under the limiting constraint of the limiting cylinder. Through the preset relative position relationship between the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm, the rotation can drive the moving pin to move directional along the inner cavity of the limiting slot frame, and then drive the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template to fit outwardly to the inner wall of the circular building hole; the above action relies on the structural limitation of the limiting cylinder and the leaf spring and the angle matching design of the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm to construct a complete machine Mechanical linkage chain: The radial displacement of the first linkage arm is naturally converted into rotational motion through geometric constraints, and then converted into drive for the curved support template through the second linkage arm and movable pin, realizing fully automatic triggering of the abutment action of the curved support template end. This linkage design does not require the intervention of an additional control module, which not only simplifies the operation process, but also avoids response delays through the inherent synergy of the mechanical structure, ensuring real-time synchronization between the abutment of the curved support template end and the main support action, making the establishment of contact pressure more precise during the adaptation process of different calibers, further improving the reliability and durability of the support system; 13. In the present invention, the angle between each group of first linkage arms and second linkage arms is set to 120°-150°. The setting of this angle range has clear adaptability: when supporting small-diameter circular building holes, the connection between adjacent arc-shaped support templates is completely and tightly fitted. This angle can ensure that the relative position of the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm can drive the two ends of the arc-shaped support template to form an effective abutment with the inner wall; when the arc-shaped support template moves outward to adapt to larger-diameter holes, this angle range can still ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template are in effective contact with the inner wall through the geometric relationship between the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm. Tight fit; this angle design enables the first and second linkage arms to maintain stable force transmission efficiency throughout the full range of support diameter adjustment, ensuring that the ends of the arc-shaped support template always fit the inner wall of the supported circular building hole. A smooth transition from normal diameter to expanded diameter can be achieved without additional angle adjustment. Fixed angle intervals cover multiple working conditions, avoiding transmission errors caused by frequent angle adjustments and ensuring consistency in the contact force at both ends of the arc-shaped support template under different diameters. This simplifies the structural design and improves the reliability and adaptation accuracy of the support system under variable working conditions. 14. In the present invention, a moving rod is configured in the middle of the arc-shaped support formwork as a support point, and two groups of auxiliary support arms are provided at both ends of the moving rod for auxiliary support, and abutment units are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped support formwork as abutment auxiliary support points, forming a multi-point support system for each group of arc-shaped support formwork. This arrangement enables the arc-shaped support formwork to form a full-area tight internal support contact with the inner wall of the circular building hole through the coordinated support of the middle and the ends, avoiding excessive local contact stress or fitting gap caused by single-point support; the present invention makes the contact pressure distribution between the arc-shaped support formwork and the inner wall of the hole more uniform through the dispersed transmission of force, reduces local damage to the concrete surface, and at the same time improves the overall stability of the arc-shaped support formwork under stress, effectively suppresses its bending deformation caused by radial load, ensures that the circular support structure formed by the multiple groups of arc-shaped support formwork maintains full-area fit with the inner wall of the hole, enhances the anti-instability ability of the support system from the perspective of structural integrity, and provides guarantee for long-term reliable support; 15. To address the problem in the prior art of using circular steel rings in conjunction with radial steel bars to support circular concrete building holes, in which the supporting structure completely occupies and encloses the hole space, forming a closed state that cannot be opened or closed, the hollow annular body of the present invention adopts a hollow structural design. While effectively supporting the inner wall of the circular building hole, it can also retain a hollow channel running through it. This method can provide a continuous working space for subsequent shaping construction, eliminating the need to remove the formwork before carrying out subsequent processes as required by traditional fully enclosed support, significantly shortening the process connection time and improving construction efficiency. On the other hand, the hollow space can be used as a transfer channel for tools, materials, and small equipment, facilitating material transfer and temporary operations during the construction process, and enhancing the flexibility of on-site operations. In summary, the present invention realizes the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing, reduces local stress and node failure risk, and improves the overall anti-instability ability; through reasonable thickness ratio, it ensures the load transfer coordination and overall stability, and improves the upper limit of bearing and reliability; through material optimization, it enhances the load bearing capacity and safety performance, and ensures stable operation under complex working conditions; adopts concentric circle structure to ensure uniform force, avoid local deformation, and improve long-term stability; with the help of synchronous drive, it eliminates the problem of support time difference and uneven degree, improves efficiency and reduces the risk of cracks; through inclined transmission and single drive source, it improves adjustment efficiency and displacement consistency, and enhances practicality; uses locking components to maintain the long-term stability of the support state, and ensures The system works reliably; it breaks through the limitation of single caliber, realizes multi-caliber adaptation and fully enclosed support, and improves versatility; the material selection of the connection components not only meets different bending requirements, but also relies on their respective performance advantages to ensure the connection strength at the gaps between adjacent arc-shaped support templates and stable support for the inner wall of the hole; through the end abutment function, the scope of application is broadened to ensure the support effect under different calibers; relying on mechanical linkage, the degree of automation and action coordination are improved to reduce costs; a complete linkage chain is constructed to ensure real-time synchronization of actions and improve adaptation accuracy; multi-point support is used to make contact pressure more uniform and enhance overall stability; retaining hollow channels, shortening construction period and improving operation flexibility, and comprehensively enhancing the comprehensive performance of the support system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow annular body of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the driving rod of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a rear view of the positioning plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning hole of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped support template of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a rear structural schematic diagram of the fixing seat of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a front view of the first linkage arm of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting cylinder of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable pin of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of point A; Figure 12 This is a front view of the auxiliary support arm of the present invention; Figure 13 is a front view of the second linkage arm of the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the leaf spring of the present invention; Figures 1 to 14 1. Hollow annular body, 2. Driving unit, 2001. Annular bearing, 2002. Driving ring, 2003. Driving rod, 2004. Toggle pin, 2005. Positioning bolt, 2006. Positioning plate, 2007. Positioning hole, 2008. Positioning nut, 3. Support unit, 3001. Fixed seat, 3002. Slide, 3003. Slider, 3004. Moving rod, 3005. Arc support template, 3006. Fixed pin, 300 7. Mounting block, 3008. Auxiliary support arm, 4. Limiting assembly, 4001. Fixing rod, 4002. Limiting cylinder, 4003. U-shaped mounting bracket, 4004. Leaf spring, 5. Abutment unit, 5001. First linkage arm, 5002. Second linkage arm, 5003. Moving pin, 5004. Limiting slot bracket, 6. Connecting assembly, 6001. Slot, 6002. First connecting plate, 6003. Second connecting plate, 6004. Third connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is a combination of specific implementation cases and attached Figures 1 to 5 The present invention is further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0018] See Figures 1 to 9The figure shows a schematic diagram of the support requirements of a circular concrete building formwork that can be directly adapted to the size without the need for an expanded state. Specifically, a circular concrete building formwork support device includes: a hollow annular body 1, a drive unit 2, a support unit 3, and a connecting assembly 6. The hollow annular body 1 is configured as a hollow structure. When a circular steel ring is equipped with radial steel bars to support a circular concrete hole in the prior art, the hole space is completely closed. The hollow annular body 1 of the present invention adopts a hollow structure, which effectively supports the inner wall of the hole while retaining a through channel. This not only provides a continuous working space for subsequent construction, and subsequent processes can be carried out without removing the formwork, shortening the process connection time and improving efficiency, but also serves as a transmission channel for tools, materials, and small equipment, facilitating material transfer and temporary operations, and enhancing on-site operation flexibility. The driving unit 2 is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow annular body 1; the supporting units 3 are provided in multiple groups. In the present embodiment, four groups of supporting units 3 are provided. The four groups of supporting units 3 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outside of the hollow annular body 1. The driving unit 2 is arranged between the hollow annular body 1 and the multiple groups of supporting units 3. The driving unit 2 drives the multiple groups of supporting units 3 to enclose the outer side of the hollow annular body 1 to form a supporting structure that is compatible with the inner wall of the hole of the circular building. The supporting structure and the hollow annular body 1 are concentric circle structures, which can transfer the supporting force of the inner wall of the hole opened for the circular concrete building to the concentrically arranged hollow annular body 1, thereby realizing surface bearing support of the bearing capacity; multiple groups of connecting components 6 are provided. Specifically, four groups of connecting components 6 are provided, which is the same as the number of supporting units 3. The four groups of connecting components 6 are arranged one by one between two adjacent groups of supporting units 3, and are used to assist in enclosing the multiple groups of supporting units 3 after the support diameter is expanded to form a closed support structure.

[0019] The present invention adopts an annular internal support system consisting of a hollow annular body 1 and multiple groups of circumferential support units 3. On the basis of ensuring stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole, this structure can evenly transfer the pressure and external load borne by the hole to the circumference of the side wall of the hollow annular body 1 through the annularly distributed support units 3, thereby realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing; compared with the point connection form of the traditional center node, the method of the present invention avoids the stress peak caused by single-point concentrated force, greatly reduces local stress through distributed bearing of the circumferential side wall, and fundamentally reduces node fatigue and failure risk, and the force transmission path of the annular internal support structure is more dispersed and balanced. Even if the force of local components fluctuates, the overall structure can still maintain stability through circumferential collaborative bearing, and has stronger anti-instability ability.

[0020] Furthermore, the hollow annular body 1 of the present invention utilizes a low-alloy, high-strength steel base material to optimize mechanical properties: Q690-grade low-alloy steel with a yield strength ≥690 MPa is selected, refined through controlled rolling and controlled cooling (grain size ≥8), and strengthened through precipitation of trace alloying elements such as Nb, V, and Ti, significantly enhancing overall stiffness (elastic modulus ≥206 GPa). Simultaneously, the carbon equivalent is reduced and low-temperature tempering treatment is performed to enhance plastic deformation capacity and reserve toughness. This material solution can increase the load-bearing capacity of hollow structures by over 30%, with both the critical buckling load and plastic deformation energy absorption exceeding those of conventional carbon structural steel. When subjected to complex loads such as radially uniform, locally concentrated, and dynamic impact, the rigidity ensures geometric stability and the toughness buffers stress impacts, providing high-strength and high-safety mechanical support for the support system, ensuring stable operation within the designed load range.

[0021] Main references Figure 1 、 Figures 5 to 9 As shown, each support unit 3 includes: a fixed seat 3001, a slide 3002, a slider 3003, a moving rod 3004, an arc-shaped support template 3005 and a fixing pin 3006. The fixed seat 3001 is fixedly and vertically installed on the outer wall of the hollow annular body 1; the slide 3002 is opened on the front side wall of the fixed seat 3001; the slider 3003 is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the slide 3002; one end of the moving rod 3004 is fixedly and vertically installed on the side wall of the slider 3003, and the other end slides outward to penetrate the side wall of the fixed seat 3001. When the slider 3003 is forced to move along the inner cavity of the slide 3002, it drives the moving rod 3004 to move relative to the fixed seat 3001; the arc-shaped support template 3005 is fixedly installed on the moving rod 300 4, and the arc-shaped support template 3005 is set to an arc shape; the fixing pin 3006 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the slider 3003, and the fixing pin 3006 provides an installation position for the subsequent connection of other components with the slider 3003; wherein, the arc-shaped support templates 3005 included in the multiple groups of support units 3 are enclosed on the outer side of the hollow annular body 1 to form a support structure adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole. The annular inner support system composed of the multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005 can form a stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole while being able to evenly transfer the pressure and external load on the hole to the circumferential side wall of the hollow annular body 1 through the annularly distributed arc-shaped support templates 3005, thereby realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing.

[0022] The material properties of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 match the support requirements of the inner wall of the circular building hole, which can effectively inhibit the collapse of the inner wall of the hole and ensure the long-term stability of the support state. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 uniformly adopts 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, whose main components are aluminum ≥95.8%, magnesium 0.4%-0.8%, and silicon 0.4%-0.8%. Its tensile strength is ≥310MPa, yield strength ≥276MPa, and elastic modulus is 69GPa. It not only has the rigidity reserve to meet the support requirements of the inner wall of the hole, but also can be controlled to bend under the action of external force. When its bending radius is ≥10 times the wall thickness, it does not produce plastic cracking, and finally forms a closed circular support structure, taking into account both support reliability and forming adaptability. The arc-shaped support formwork 3005 can also be made of other materials that meet the above-mentioned usage requirements. No additional restrictions or redundant descriptions are made on its parameters and materials.

[0023] Specifically, the thickness ratio of the hollow annular body 1 to the arc-shaped support template 3005 is set to 1-1.5:1. Under this thickness ratio, the circumferential arc-shaped support template 3005 is relatively thin, and when it is loaded and has a tendency to deform, it can sensitively transfer the load to the central hollow annular body 1; while the central hollow annular body 1 has better rigidity and deformation resistance due to its relatively large thickness, and can effectively resist deformation and maintain stability. This ratio achieves the synergy of force transmission between the two, ensuring the efficient force transmission of the arc-shaped support template 3005, and relying on the thickness advantage of the hollow annular body 1 to ensure the stability of the overall support, which can reasonably disperse the bearing load and avoid local excessive force failure, thereby improving the bearing limit and working reliability of the support structure.

[0024] Main references Figure 7 As shown, each support unit 3 further includes: a mounting block 3007 and auxiliary support arms 3008. The mounting block 3007 is fixedly mounted on the movable rod 3004. The auxiliary support arms 3008 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the mounting block 3007, and the ends of the auxiliary support arms 3008 are respectively connected to the mounting block 3007 and the curved support template 3005. The presence of the auxiliary support arms 3008 provides a more stable support and connection between the movable rod 3004 and the curved support template 3005. Specifically, the auxiliary support arms 3008 are made of a composite alloy material that combines support performance with the ability to adapt to the curvature of the curved support template 3005. This assists the curved support template 3005 in stably achieving multi-point support on the inner wall of the circular building hole. When the supporting diameter of the curved support template 3005 is adjusted, the auxiliary support arms 3008 can rely on their adaptive deformation ability to ensure that the curved support template 3005 performs its supporting function properly. The auxiliary support arm 3008 can be made of a material that meets the above-mentioned usage requirements, and its specific parameters and material composition are not additionally limited or detailed here.

[0025] In the present invention, each set of curved support forms 3005 uses the central mobile rod 3004 as its support point, with two sets of auxiliary support arms 3008 provided at both ends for auxiliary support. The ends on both sides use the abutment units 5 as auxiliary support points for abutment, forming a multi-point support system. This system, through coordinated support at the central and end portions, ensures that the curved support forms 3005 are in close contact with the entire inner wall of the circular building hole, avoiding excessive local stress or gaps in the fit caused by single-point support. The dispersed transmission of force makes the contact pressure more uniform, reducing local damage to the concrete surface. It also improves the stress stability of the curved support forms 3005, suppresses bending deformation caused by radial loads, and ensures that the circular support structure enclosed by multiple sets of curved support forms 3005 is in full fit with the inner wall of the hole. This overall enhances the support system's ability to resist instability and ensures long-term reliable support.

[0026] Main references Figures 5 to 8 As shown, each group of connecting components 6 includes: a slot 6001 and a connecting layer, the slot 6001 is opened at the side wall edge of one of the free ends of each arc-shaped support template 3005, and the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot 6001 is adapted to the curvature of the arc-shaped support template 3005; the connecting layer is fixedly installed at the side wall edge of the other free end of each arc-shaped support template 3005, and the connecting layer is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot 6001 opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template 3005, and the curvature of the connecting layer is adapted to the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot 6001.

[0027] The present invention forms a circular support structure by enclosing multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005, adjusts the support diameter by means of radial displacement of the arc-shaped support templates 3005, and provides a connecting component 6 to seal the gap between adjacent arc-shaped support templates 3005, so that the circular closed internal support structure is maintained after the diameter is expanded. It breaks through the limitation of a single diameter and adapts to a variety of circular holes, and ensures fully enclosed support through sealing, thereby improving the versatility and reliability of the equipment.

[0028] Specific main references Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the connecting layer includes a first connecting piece 6002, a second connecting piece 6003 and a third connecting piece 6004, and the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 are stacked in sequence from the inside to the outside, and one end of the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 is respectively fixedly connected to the side wall edge of one of the free ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005, and the other end is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot 6001 opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template 3005; wherein, the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 are made of differentiated materials adapted to their bending requirements and mechanical properties, and the bendable curvature of the third connecting piece 6004 located on the outside is greater than the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece 6003, and the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece 6003 is greater than the bendable curvature of the first connecting piece 6002.

[0029] In the present invention, the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003, and the third connecting piece 6004 of the connecting component 6 are configured with differentiated materials to adapt to different bending needs and mechanical performance requirements; specifically, the third connecting piece 6004 located on the outside needs to withstand bending with a larger curvature, and 65Mn spring steel (carbon content 0.62%-0.70%, manganese content 0.90%-1.20%) is selected, which has a yield strength ratio ≥0.85 and an elongation after fracture ≥8%, and has excellent cold bending performance and elastic recovery ability, and can maintain structural integrity under large deformation; the first connecting piece 6002 on the inside has a smaller bending curvature, and is made of Q235B carbon structural steel (carbon content 0.12%-0.20%, manganese content 0.30%-0.70%), which has a tensile strength of 375-500MPa and a yield strength ≥235MPa, and meets the foundation support requirements with higher rigidity. Requirement: The second connecting piece 6003 serves as a connecting transition component between the first connecting piece 6002 and the third connecting piece 6004. 304 stainless steel (chromium and nickel contents are 18%-20% and 8%-10.5% respectively) is selected. Its elongation is ≥40%. It has a certain flexibility to adapt to the deformation coordination of the components on both sides, and its corrosion resistance ensures the durability of the connection. The selection of the above three materials ensures that the third connecting piece 6004 is easier to bend than the first connecting piece, meeting the bending requirements of different arcs. The high elasticity of 65Mn steel, the high strength of Q235B steel and the comprehensive performance of 304 stainless steel jointly ensure the connection strength (shear strength ≥200MPa) at the gap connection of the two adjacent groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005, and at the same time form a stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole, maintaining the mechanical synergy of the overall structure during the adjustment process of adapting to different support diameters.

[0030] Main references Figures 1 to 5As shown, the drive unit 2 includes: an annular bearing 2001, a drive ring 2002, a drive rod 2003 and a toggle pin 2004. The annular bearing 2001 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow annular body 1, and the annular bearing 2001 is concentrically arranged with the hollow annular body 1; the drive ring 2002 is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the annular bearing 2001, and the drive ring 2002 is concentrically arranged with the hollow annular body 1; a plurality of drive rods 2003 are provided, specifically four drive rods 2003 are provided, which is the same as the number of the arc-shaped support template 3005, one end of the plurality of drive rods 2003 is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the drive ring 2002 through a bearing, and the other end is rotatably connected to the fixed pin 3006 through a bearing, and the drive rods 2003 are tilted relative to the radial direction of the drive ring 2002, and no matter how the support inner diameter is adjusted, the drive rods 2003 are always tilted relative to the radial direction of the drive ring 2002. In the present invention, by virtue of the drive rods 2003 being arranged tilted relative to their respective corresponding moving rods 3004, the circumferential rotation of the drive ring 2002 can drive the synchronous circumferential displacement of one end of all the drive rods 2003, which is converted into radial linear displacement of the moving rods 3004 through the tilted structural force system, thereby achieving synchronous internal support or retraction; that is, the device completes the support adjustment of multiple groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005 through a single circumferential rotation of the drive ring 2002. The tilted transmission efficiently converts the motion form, improves the transmission efficiency, eliminates the need for complex step-by-step operations, shortens the adjustment time, and improves construction efficiency. In addition, the single drive source avoids coordination errors, ensures the consistent displacement of the moving rods 3004, reduces the risk of operational errors, and enhances the practicality and reliability of the system. The toggle pin 2004 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the drive ring 2002. The toggle pin 2004 makes it easier to drive the drive ring 2002 to rotate and adjust, and also facilitates the subsequent positioning of the toggle pin 2004 to achieve the positioning of the drive ring 2002.

[0031] The drive unit 2 of the present invention centrally drives multiple sets of arc-shaped support templates 3005 to synchronously apply internal support to the inner wall of the hole, eliminating the need for individual operations, enabling them to quickly and synchronously adhere to the inner wall. This avoids the time differences and uneven support caused by differences in the order of operations in traditional assembly, ensuring balanced circumferential support in terms of time, force, and fit. It also improves operational efficiency, reduces labor consumption, and ensures that the initial force on the inner wall of the hole is uniformly constrained, reducing the risk of concrete micro-cracks caused by local stress concentration, thereby enhancing the reliability and safety of the support system.

[0032] Main references Figures 2 to 4As shown, the drive unit 2 also includes: a positioning bolt 2005, a positioning plate 2006, a positioning hole 2007 and a positioning nut 2008, the positioning bolt 2005 slides from front to rear through the toggle pin 2004, and the rear free end of the positioning bolt 2005 is provided with an external thread; the positioning plate 2006 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow annular body 1, and the positioning plate 2006 is arranged parallel to the rear side of the drive ring 2002; there are multiple positioning holes 2007, and the multiple positioning holes 2007 are evenly arranged on the positioning plate 2006 along the circumferential direction, and the multiple positioning holes 2007 are arranged on the same circumferential path, and the spacing between each positioning hole 2007 is equal, and the positioning bolt 2005 penetrates the inner cavity of one of the positioning holes 2007 backward; the inner cavity of the positioning nut 2008 is provided with an internal thread adapted to the rear free end of the positioning bolt 2005, and the positioning nut 2008 is threadedly sleeved on the rear free end of the positioning bolt 2005.

[0033] In the present invention, the locking assembly, comprised of positioning plates 2006, positioning holes 2007, and positioning bolts 2005, precisely locks and positions multiple sets of drive rods 2003 after they have been driven and adjusted. This locking mechanism ensures that the drive rods 2003 maintain a stable mechanical state long after driving the corresponding curved support templates 3005 to the preset internal support positions on the inner wall of the circular building hole. This effectively prevents the drive rods 2003 from returning to their original position due to load fluctuations or vibrations, ensuring that the supporting force and position of the curved support templates 3005 on the inner wall of the hole always meet design requirements, providing structural assurance for the long-term, reliable operation of the support system.

[0034] Since the outer wall of the curved inner support plate is difficult to fit the inner wall of the circular building hole to be supported after the curved inner support plate expands outward, based on this defect, the main reference is Figure 2 、 Figure 7 As shown, the present invention is provided with two groups of abutment units 5 between the fixed pin 3006 and the arc-shaped support template 3005, and the two groups of abutment units 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable rod 3004, and each group of abutment units 5 includes: a first linkage arm 5001, a second linkage arm 5002, a movable pin 5003 and a limiting slot frame 5004, one end of the first linkage arm 5001 is rotatably connected to the fixed pin 3006 through a pin shaft; the second linkage arm 5002 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first linkage arm 5001 through a pin shaft; the movable pin 5003 is fixedly installed on the end of the second linkage arm 5002 away from the first linkage arm 5001; the limiting slot frame 5004 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support template 3005, and the limiting slot frame 5004 is provided with an arc-shaped inner cavity for the movable pin 5003 to slide into.

[0035] In the present invention, each set of arc-shaped support templates 3005 is provided with abutment units 5 on both sides of the ends, which can ensure that the ends of the arc-shaped support templates 3005 will not separate from the inner wall of the hole when adapting to the support requirements of circular building holes of different diameters. Specifically, the present invention has the abutment function of driving the ends of both sides of each set of arc-shaped support templates 3005 to tightly abut the inner wall of the circular building hole. This function enables the arc-shaped support templates 3005 to actively adjust to ensure that the ends of both sides are always tightly fitted with the inner wall of the hole when adapting to the support requirements of circular building holes of larger diameters, effectively overcoming the structural defect that the arc-shaped support templates 3005 with fixed arc curvature are difficult to adapt autonomously due to changes in diameter. This method significantly broadens the scope of application of the equipment, can cover hole diameter specifications with larger spans, and at the same time ensures the sealing and force transmission efficiency of the support contact under different diameters, thereby improving the versatility and engineering practicality of the equipment.

[0036] Main references Figure 7 and Figure 13 As shown, the angle between the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002 is set to 120°-150°. The adaptability of this angle range is clear: when supporting small-diameter holes, it can ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 effectively abut the inner wall; when adapting to larger diameters, the geometric relationship between the two can still ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 fit tightly. This angle design enables the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002 to maintain stable force transmission efficiency within the full-diameter adjustment range, ensuring that the end of the arc-shaped support template 3005 always fits the inner wall, and can smoothly transition between different diameters without additional adjustment. It covers multiple working conditions through fixed angle intervals, avoids transmission errors caused by frequent angle adjustments, ensures consistency of abutment force, simplifies the structure, and improves the reliability and adaptation accuracy of the system under variable working conditions.

[0037] Main references Figure 7 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, a limiting component 4 is provided on the side wall of the fixed seat 3001, and the limiting component 4 includes: a fixed rod 4001, a limiting cylinder 4002, a U-shaped mounting bracket 4003 and a leaf spring 4004. Two fixed rods 4001 are provided, and the two fixed rods 4001 are symmetrically and obliquely fixedly installed on the top of the side wall of the fixed seat 3001; the limiting cylinder 4002 is fixedly installed on the free end of the fixed rod 4001, and the side wall of the limiting cylinder 4002 is in sliding contact with the side wall of the first linkage arm 5001 close to the moving rod 3004; the U-shaped mounting bracket 4003 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the slider 3003; two leaf springs 4004 are provided, and one end of the two leaf springs 4004 is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting bracket 4003, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first linkage arm 5001 away from the moving rod 3004. The elastic force of the leaf spring 4004 cooperates with the limiting cylinder 4002 to ensure that the first linkage arm 5001 maintains a stable state after the driving action is completed; the elastic coefficient of the leaf spring 4004 only needs to meet the above functional requirements, and a model that meets the usage scenario of this application can be selected. No additional restrictions or details are made on its specific model and other parameters here.

[0038] Specifically, the first linkage arm 5001 is mounted between the limiting cylinder 4002 and the leaf spring 4004. When it moves radially outward, it automatically rotates away from the movable rod 3004 under the limit of the limiting cylinder 4002. Leveraging the preset positional relationship between the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002, the movable pin 5003 is driven to move directionally along the inner cavity of the limiting slot frame 5004, causing the ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 to abut against the inner wall of the hole. This process relies on the structural limitations of the limiting cylinder 4002 and the leaf spring 4004, as well as the angular matching of the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002, to construct a mechanical linkage chain: the radial displacement of the first linkage arm 5001 is converted into rotation through geometric constraints, and then the arc-shaped support template 3005 is driven by the second linkage arm 5002 and the movable pin 5003, achieving fully automatic triggering of the end abutment. This linkage does not require an additional control module, simplifies operation, avoids response delays, ensures real-time synchronization between the end abutment of the arc-shaped support template 3005 and the main support, and improves the accuracy of contact pressure establishment when adapting to different calibers as well as system reliability and durability.

[0039] In the present invention, when the movable rod 3004 linearly displaces along the radial inward support direction, combined with the limiting guidance of the first linkage arm 5001 by the limiting assembly 4, the movable pin 5003 can be driven to automatically drive the two side ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 outward to abut the inner wall of the circular building hole. This structure, through the limiting assembly 4, forms a mechanical linkage between the displacement of the movable rod 3004 and the abutment of the ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 by the movable pin 5003: when the movable rod 3004 drives the arc-shaped support template 3005 to expand outward to accommodate the larger diameter hole, the movable pin 5003 simultaneously completes the abutment action of the two side ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005, eliminating the need for an additional power source for the abutment unit 5 series components. This linkage design improves the system's automation level, avoids the coordination errors of multiple drive devices, and ensures that the arc-shaped support template 3005's body expansion and end abutment actions are coordinated in the process of adapting to different calibers, so that the support force distribution of each contact point on the inner wall of the hole is more even, significantly enhancing the tightness and stability of the support of holes of different specifications, while reducing the equipment structure complexity and operation and maintenance costs.

[0040] In this embodiment, the use of the device in a building supporting a circular arch on a long wall is described as an example. The principle of the circular concrete building formwork support device in this embodiment for supporting a circular arched building is as follows: The inner wall of the circular hole opened in the building is pre-treated in the circumference to ensure that the area to be supported is a standard circular hole; after the entire device is placed in the circular hole to be supported, the positioning bolt 2005 is driven to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, driving the driving ring 2002 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the hollow annular body 1. At this time, one end of all the driving rods 2003 on the side wall of the driving ring 2002 is subjected to force, driving the other end to make radial linear displacement in the direction away from the center of the hollow annular body 1. The driving rod 2003 is sequentially linked to the fixing pin 3006, the slider 3003, the moving rod 3004 and the arc-shaped support template 3005 to move outward synchronously, so that all the arc-shaped support templates 3005 arranged in the circumference are precisely fitted to the inner wall of the hole to be supported, realizing internal support and tight support; When the arc-shaped support template 3005 makes a linear displacement along the radial inward support direction, the connecting component 6 at the connection point of the two adjacent groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005 compensates for the gap generated: in the process of the arc-shaped support template 3005 approaching the inner wall of the hole, the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 of the inner cavity of the adjacent arc-shaped support template 3005 are prompted to slide along the inner cavity of the slot 6001 at the end of the adjacent arc-shaped support template 3005 at the corresponding position. During the sliding process, under the coordinated action of the adjacent arc-shaped support templates 3005, the third connecting piece 6004, the second connecting piece 6003 and the first connecting piece 6002 undergo gradient bending deformation, and cooperate with all the arc-shaped support templates 3005 to form a circumferentially sealed integral support structure, which is particularly suitable for the inner wall support scenario of large-diameter circular building holes; After the adjustment is completed, the positioning bolt 2005 is passed from the front to the back through the outer wall of the toggle pin 2004 and the inner cavity of the positioning hole 2007 at the corresponding position, and the positioning nut 2008 is rotated so that it is sleeved on the free end of the rear side of the positioning bolt 2005 until the positioning nut 2008 is tightly fitted against the rear side wall of the positioning plate 2006, thereby achieving mechanical locking of the rotated driving ring 2002 and the displaced driving rod 2003, ensuring the long-term stability of the supporting state of the supporting structure on the inner wall of the circular building hole; When the driving rod 2003 drives the corresponding fixed pin 3006 to move away from the center of the hollow annular body 1, it simultaneously drives one end of the first linkage arms 5001 on both sides to move; because the side wall of one side of the first linkage arm 5001 is rigidly limited by the limiting cylinder 4002, and the other side relies on the elastic force of the leaf spring 4004 to achieve elastic support, the first linkage arm 5001 moving outward is forced to rotate away from the moving rod 3004 with the fixed pin 3006 as the axis under the combined constraint of the limiting cylinder 4002 and the leaf spring 4004; and because the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5001 are in the initial state, 5002 are distributed at an obtuse angle. When one end of the first linkage arm 5001 is forced to move, the movable pin 5003 at the end of the second linkage arm 5002 is driven to move along the inner cavity of the limiting slot frame 5004 toward the edge of the arc-shaped support template 3005. That is, through the outward radial linear displacement of the fixed pin 3006, the movable pin 5003 is automatically triggered to apply an outward driving force to the edges of the arc-shaped support template 3005 on both sides, ensuring that the edges of the arc-shaped support template 3005 are tightly fitted with the inner wall of the circular building hole, so that all the arc-shaped support templates 3005 arranged in the circumferential direction form a fully fitted internal support structure. The present invention realizes the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing, reduces local stress and node failure risk, and improves overall anti-instability ability; through reasonable thickness ratio, it ensures load transfer coordination and overall stability, and improves the upper limit of bearing and reliability; through material optimization, it enhances load bearing capacity and safety performance, and ensures stable operation under complex working conditions; adopts concentric circle structure to ensure uniform force, avoid local deformation, and improve long-term stability; with the help of synchronous drive, it eliminates the problem of support time difference and uneven degree, improves efficiency and reduces the risk of cracks; through inclined transmission and single drive source, it improves adjustment efficiency and displacement consistency, and enhances practicality; uses locking components to maintain long-term stability of support state and ensure system reliability work; break through the limitation of single caliber, realize multi-caliber adaptation and fully enclosed support, and improve versatility; the material selection of connection component 6 not only meets different bending requirements, but also relies on its own performance advantages to ensure the connection strength of adjacent arc support templates 3005 at the gap and stable support for the inner wall of the hole; through the end abutment function, the scope of application is broadened to ensure the support effect under different calibers; relying on mechanical linkage, the degree of automation and action coordination are improved to reduce costs; build a complete linkage chain to ensure real-time synchronization of actions and improve adaptation accuracy; use multi-point support to make contact pressure more uniform and enhance overall stability; retain the hollow channel, shorten the construction period and improve operation flexibility, and comprehensively enhance the comprehensive performance of the support system.

[0041] Also, see Figures 10 to 14 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the need to expand the position of each group of arc-shaped support templates 3005 and cooperate with the connecting component 6 to adapt to the support requirements of circular concrete building templates with larger support sizes. In addition, when the connecting component 6 cooperates with the arc-shaped support template 3005 to complete the support, and after the support period is met and the support template device is disassembled, the height difference between the third connecting piece 6004 and the outer surface of the arc-shaped support template 3005 is extremely small, so the relative protrusion thickness formed at the third connecting piece 6004 can be ignored. Grinding equipment can also be used to process this tiny protrusion so that it is consistent with the curvature of the inner wall supported by the arc-shaped support template 3005. It can be seen from this that the height difference between the third connecting piece 6004 supports of the two adjacent groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005 in this application will not have a decisive impact on the final support effect of the inner wall of the circular building hole, and can be processed by existing general technical means in the later stage.

[0042] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circular concrete building formwork support device, characterized by: include: A hollow annular body (1), wherein the hollow annular body (1) is configured as a hollow structure; A drive unit (2), the drive unit (2) being arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body (1); A support unit (3), wherein the support unit (3) is provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of support units (3) are uniformly arranged on the outside of the hollow annular body (1) along the circumferential direction; the driving unit (2) is arranged between the hollow annular body (1) and the plurality of groups of support units (3); the driving unit (2) drives the plurality of groups of support units (3) to enclose the outside of the hollow annular body (1) to form a support structure that is compatible with the inner wall of the circular building hole; A connecting assembly (6), wherein the connecting assembly (6) is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of connecting assemblies (6) are provided one-to-one between two adjacent groups of the supporting units (3), and are used to assist in enclosing the multiple groups of the supporting units (3) after the support diameter is expanded to form a closed supporting structure.

2. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of support units (3) includes: A fixing seat (3001), the fixing seat (3001) is fixedly and vertically mounted on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body (1); A slide groove (3002), wherein the slide groove (3002) is provided on the front side wall of the fixing seat (3001); A slider (3003), the slider (3003) is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the slide groove (3002); A moving rod (3004), one end of which is fixed and vertically mounted on the side wall of the slider (3003), and the other end of which slides outward and penetrates the side wall of the fixing seat (3001); An arc-shaped support template (3005), wherein the arc-shaped support template (3005) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the moving rod (3004), and the arc-shaped support template (3005) is configured to be arc-shaped; A fixing pin (3006), the fixing pin (3006) being fixedly mounted on the front side wall of the slider (3003); The arc-shaped support templates (3005) contained in the plurality of support units (3) are enclosed on the outer side of the hollow annular body (1) to form a support structure adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole; the thickness ratio of the hollow annular body (1) to the arc-shaped support templates (3005) is set to 1-1.5:

1.

3. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of support units (3) further comprises: A mounting block (3007), the mounting block (3007) being fixedly mounted on the moving rod (3004); An auxiliary support arm (3008) is symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the mounting block (3007), and two ends of the auxiliary support arm (3008) are respectively connected to the mounting block (3007) and the arc-shaped support template (3005).

4. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of connection components (6) includes: A slot (6001), the slot (6001) being provided at the side wall edge of one of the free ends of each of the arc-shaped support templates (3005), and the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot (6001) being adapted to the curvature of the arc-shaped support template (3005); A connecting layer, wherein the connecting layer is fixedly mounted on the side wall edge of the other free end of each of the arc-shaped support templates (3005), and the connecting layer is slidably plugged into the inner cavity of the slot (6001) opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template (3005), and the curvature of the connecting layer is adapted to the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot (6001).

5. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting layer comprises a first connecting piece (6002), a second connecting piece (6003) and a third connecting piece (6004), wherein the first connecting piece (6002), the second connecting piece (6003) and the third connecting piece (6004) are stacked in sequence from the inside to the outside, and one end of the first connecting piece (6002), the second connecting piece (6003) and the third connecting piece (6004) are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall edge of one of the free ends of the arc-shaped support template (3005), and the other end is slidably plugged into the inner cavity of the slot (6001) opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template (3005); Among them, the first connecting piece (6002), the second connecting piece (6003), and the third connecting piece (6004) are made of differentiated materials adapted to their bending requirements and mechanical properties, and the bendable curvature of the third connecting piece (6004) located on the outside is greater than the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece (6003), and the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece (6003) is greater than the bendable curvature of the first connecting piece (6002).

6. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit (2) comprises: An annular bearing (2001), the annular bearing (2001) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow annular body (1), and the annular bearing (2001) and the hollow annular body (1) are concentrically arranged; A drive ring (2002), the drive ring (2002) being rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the annular bearing (2001), and the drive ring (2002) being concentrically disposed with the hollow annular body (1); a driving rod (2003), wherein a plurality of the driving rods (2003) are provided, one end of each of the plurality of driving rods (2003) being rotatably connected to the front side wall of the driving ring (2002), and the other end being rotatably connected to the fixing pin (3006), and the driving rods (2003) being arranged to be inclined relative to the radial direction of the driving ring (2002); A toggle pin (2004), wherein the toggle pin (2004) is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the drive ring (2002).

7. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving unit (2) further comprises: A positioning bolt (2005), wherein the positioning bolt (2005) slides from front to back and penetrates the toggle pin (2004), and an external thread is provided on the rear free end of the positioning bolt (2005); A positioning plate (2006), the positioning plate (2006) is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body (1), and the positioning plate (2006) is arranged parallel to the rear side of the driving ring (2002); Positioning holes (2007), wherein a plurality of positioning holes (2007) are provided, wherein the plurality of positioning holes (2007) are uniformly arranged on the positioning plate (2006) along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of positioning holes (2007) are arranged on the same circumferential path, and the spacing between the positioning holes (2007) is equal, and the positioning bolt (2005) penetrates rearwardly through the inner cavity of one of the positioning holes (2007); A positioning nut (2008), wherein the inner cavity of the positioning nut (2008) is provided with an internal thread adapted to the rear free end of the positioning bolt (2005), and the positioning nut (2008) is threadedly sleeved on the rear free end of the positioning bolt (2005).

8. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two groups of abutment units (5) are provided between the fixing pin (3006) and the arc-shaped support template (3005). The two groups of abutment units (5) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the moving rod (3004). Each group of abutment units (5) includes: a first linkage arm (5001), one end of the first linkage arm (5001) being rotatably connected to the fixing pin (3006); a second linkage arm (5002), the second linkage arm (5002) being rotatably connected to the other end of the first linkage arm (5001); a movable pin (5003), the movable pin (5003) being fixedly mounted on an end of the second linkage arm (5002) facing away from the first linkage arm (5001); A limiting slot frame (5004) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support template (3005), and the limiting slot frame (5004) is provided with an arc-shaped inner cavity for the movable pin (5003) to slide and embed.

9. A circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle between the first linkage arm (5001) and the second linkage arm (5002) is set to 120°-150°.

10. The circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting component (4) is provided on the side wall of the fixing seat (3001), and the limiting component (4) comprises: A fixing rod (4001), wherein two fixing rods (4001) are provided, and the two fixing rods (4001) are symmetrically and obliquely fixedly mounted on the top end of the side wall of the fixing seat (3001); a limiting cylinder (4002), the limiting cylinder (4002) being fixedly mounted on the free end of the fixed rod (4001), and the side wall of the limiting cylinder (4002) being in sliding contact with the side wall of the first linkage arm (5001) in a direction close to the moving rod (3004); A U-shaped mounting frame (4003), the U-shaped mounting frame (4003) being fixedly mounted on the front side wall of the slider (3003); Two leaf springs (4004) are provided, one end of the two leaf springs (4004) is symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting frame (4003), and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first linkage arm (5001) away from the moving rod (3004).

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