Circular concrete formwork support

Abstract

A kind of circular concrete building formwork supporting device, the building construction auxiliary template technical field, including: hollow ring body, drive unit, supporting unit and connecting assembly, hollow ring body is set to hollow structure;Drive unit is set to the outside wall of hollow ring body;Supporting unit is provided with multiple groups, multiple groups supporting unit are evenly set to the outside of hollow ring body, drive unit is set between hollow ring body and multiple groups supporting unit.This application adopts hollow ring body and the arc-shaped supporting template of circumferential multiple groups and constitutes annular inner bracing system, the pressure and external load supported by hole are evenly transmitted to the circumferential side wall of hollow ring body by annular distribution arc-shaped supporting template, realize the conversion of load from point bearing to face bearing, avoid the stress peak caused by single point concentrated stress, by the distributed loading of circumferential side wall, the local stress is greatly reduced, fundamentally reduce the risk of node fatigue and failure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of building construction auxiliary formwork, and particularly relates to a circular concrete building formwork supporting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In scenarios such as opening a circular hole in a wall surface and creating a circular arch in a building side wall, after the hole is formed, the original structure stress balance is broken, and deformation and cracking are easily caused by the surrounding load. Therefore, the circular hole needs to be supported in time, the stress is dispersed through the adaptive supporting structure, the stability of the hole surrounding wall or component is maintained, a safe basis is provided for subsequent decoration, reinforcement and other processes, and the safety of the overall building structure is ensured.

[0003] In related technologies (Chinese patent with publication number CN107620468B), a circular arch formwork supporting structure and a construction method are disclosed. The structure includes two circular steel rings, a plurality of axial steel bars and a plurality of radial steel bars. The two circular steel rings are arranged in parallel and the distance between them is the same as the thickness of the wall. The size of the two circular steel rings corresponds to the circular arch. The two circular steel rings are connected and fixed by the plurality of axial steel bars. The plurality of radial steel bars are arranged radially in the circular steel ring. By arranging radial steel bars in the circular steel ring, the circular radial stress system is uniformly supported, and the curve of the circular arch after construction is smooth. Furthermore, the curved formwork is assembled with the circular arch steel bar group after assembly, and then fixed, which makes the construction more convenient and has high integrity, further ensuring the smoothness of the curve of the circular arch after construction. In addition, the circular arch formwork supporting structure is mainly made of steel bars, which is convenient to process, has wide material selection, the steel bars can be recycled and reused, and resources can be saved.

[0004] In the above-mentioned manner, the radial steel bars are arranged in the circular steel ring to support the circular concrete building hole. The stress concentration at the center node is significant, that is, the internal force of all radial steel bars is transmitted through the center node, which causes the node to bear multiple superimposed loads and easily causes stress concentration. When the inner wall of the hole is subjected to lateral pressure of concrete or external load, the tension of the radial steel bars is concentrated at the center node, which easily causes connection fatigue of the connection point and causes node failure, and further causes instability of the entire supporting structure. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the fact that the internal force of the radial steel bars in the prior art is transmitted through the center node, which causes the node to bear multiple superimposed loads and is prone to stress concentration, when the inner wall of the hole is subjected to pressure or external load, the fatigue and failure of the connection of the center node are easily caused, and the stability of the entire supporting structure is further affected, the present application provides a circular concrete building formwork supporting device, which adopts a ring-shaped inner support system composed of a hollow ring body and a plurality of groups of arc-shaped supporting templates in the circumferential direction, which can ensure stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole and uniformly transmit the pressure and external load borne by the hole to the circumferential side wall of the hollow ring body through the arc-shaped supporting templates distributed in the ring shape, realize the conversion of load from point bearing to surface bearing, avoid the stress peak caused by single-point concentrated stress, and greatly reduce the local stress through the distributed bearing of the circumferential side wall, thereby fundamentally reducing the risk of node fatigue and failure, and the force transmission path of the ring-shaped inner support structure is more dispersed and balanced.

[0006] A circular concrete building formwork supporting device, comprising: a hollow ring body, a driving unit, a supporting unit and a connecting assembly, the hollow ring body is provided as a hollow structure; the driving unit is arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow ring body; the supporting unit is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of supporting units are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the hollow ring body in the circumferential direction; the driving unit is arranged between the hollow ring body and the multiple groups of supporting units, and drives the multiple groups of supporting units to form a supporting structure adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole by surrounding the outer side of the hollow ring body; the connecting assembly is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of connecting assemblies are one-to-one correspondingly arranged between adjacent two groups of supporting units, for assisting the multiple groups of supporting units after the supporting diameter is expanded to form a closed supporting structure.

[0007] In the above technical solution, each group of supporting units comprises: a fixed seat, a sliding groove, a sliding block, a moving rod, an arc-shaped supporting template and a fixed pin, the fixed seat is fixedly and perpendicularly installed on the outer side wall of the hollow ring body; the sliding groove is opened on the front side wall of the fixed seat; the sliding block is slidingly embedded in the inner cavity of the sliding groove; one end of the moving rod is fixedly and perpendicularly installed on the side wall of the sliding block, and the other end is slidingly outwardly penetrating through the side wall of the fixed seat; the arc-shaped supporting template is fixedly installed on the other end of the moving rod, and the arc-shaped supporting template is provided in an arc shape; the fixed pin is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the sliding block.

[0008] Among the multiple groups of supporting units, the arc-shaped supporting templates form a supporting structure adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole by surrounding the outer side of the hollow ring body; the thickness ratio of the hollow ring body to the arc-shaped supporting template is set to 1-1.5:1.

[0009] In the technical scheme, each group of the supporting unit further comprises a mounting block and an auxiliary supporting arm, the mounting block is fixedly installed on the moving rod, and the auxiliary supporting arm is symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the mounting block and connected with the mounting block and the arc-shaped supporting template at two ends thereof.

[0010] In the technical scheme, each group of the connecting assembly comprises a slot and a connecting layer, the slot is arranged at the side wall edge of one free end of each arc-shaped supporting template, and the inner cavity of the slot is adapted to the arc of the arc-shaped supporting template; the connecting layer is fixedly installed at the side wall edge of the other free end of each arc-shaped supporting template, is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot arranged at the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped supporting template, and the arc of the connecting layer is adapted to the arc of the inner cavity of the slot.

[0011] In the technical scheme, the connecting layer comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and a third connecting piece, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and one end of the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece is fixedly connected with the side wall edge of one free end of the arc-shaped supporting template, and the other end is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot arranged at the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped supporting template.

[0012] In the technical scheme, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece are made of different materials according to their bending requirements and mechanical properties, the bendable arc of the third connecting piece located at the outer side is greater than that of the second connecting piece, and the bendable arc of the second connecting piece is greater than that of the first connecting piece.

[0013] In the technical scheme, the driving unit comprises a ring-shaped bearing, a driving ring, a driving rod and a pushing pin, the ring-shaped bearing is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the hollow ring-shaped body and is concentrically arranged with the hollow ring-shaped body, the driving ring is rotationally arranged in the inner cavity of the ring-shaped bearing and is concentrically arranged with the hollow ring-shaped body, the driving rod is provided with a plurality of driving rods, one end of each driving rod is rotationally connected with the front side wall of the driving ring, the other end is rotationally connected with the fixed pin, and the driving rod is radially inclined relative to the driving ring, and the pushing pin is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the driving ring.

[0014] In the technical scheme, the driving unit further comprises a positioning bolt, a positioning plate, a positioning hole and a positioning nut, the positioning bolt is slidably penetrated through the push pin from front to back, and the rear free end of the positioning bolt is provided with external threads; the positioning plate is fixedly installed on the outer sidewall of the hollow annular body, and the positioning plate is arranged on the rear side of the driving ring in parallel; the positioning hole is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, the plurality of positioning holes are evenly arranged on the positioning plate in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of positioning holes are arranged on the same circumferential path, and the spacing between the positioning holes is equal, and the positioning bolt is penetrated through the inner cavity of one of the positioning holes; the inner cavity of the positioning nut is provided with internal threads matched with the rear free end of the positioning bolt, and the positioning nut is threadedly sleeved on the rear free end of the positioning bolt.

[0015] In the technical scheme, two groups of abutting units are arranged between the fixed pin and the arc-shaped supporting template, and the two groups of abutting units are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the moving rod, each group of abutting units comprises a first linkage arm, a second linkage arm, a moving pin and a limiting groove frame, one end of the first linkage arm is rotatably connected to the fixed pin; the second linkage arm is rotatably connected to the other end of the first linkage arm; the moving pin is fixedly installed on one end of the second linkage arm away from the first linkage arm; the limiting groove frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting template, and the limiting groove frame is provided with an arc-shaped inner cavity in which the moving pin is slidably embedded.

[0016] In the technical scheme, the included angle between the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm is 120°-150°.

[0017] In the technical scheme, the side wall of the fixed seat is provided with a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly comprises a fixed rod, a limiting cylinder, a U-shaped mounting frame and a leaf spring, the fixed rod is provided with two fixed rods, the two fixed rods are symmetrically and obliquely fixedly installed on the top end of the side wall of the fixed seat; the limiting cylinder is fixedly installed on the free end of the fixed rod, and the side wall of the limiting cylinder is in sliding contact with the side wall of the first linkage arm close to the moving rod; the U-shaped mounting frame is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the sliding block; the leaf spring is provided with two leaf springs, one end of the two leaf springs is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting frame, and the other end is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first linkage arm away from the moving rod.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the circular concrete building formwork supporting device has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] I. In the traditional radial steel support, all internal forces are transmitted through the center node, which leads to multi-directional load superposition and significant stress concentration. When the inner wall of the hole is subjected to pressure or external load, the center node is prone to fatigue failure, which may cause the overall support to lose stability. The present application adopts a ring-shaped inner support system composed of a hollow ring body and a plurality of circumferential arc-shaped support templates. This structure can ensure stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole and evenly transmit the pressure and external load of the hole to the circumferential side wall of the hollow ring body through the circumferentially distributed arc-shaped support templates, realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing. Compared with the point connection form of the traditional center node, the present application avoids the stress peak caused by single-point concentrated stress and significantly reduces local stress through distributed bearing of the circumferential side wall, fundamentally reducing the risk of node fatigue and failure. The force transmission path of the ring-shaped inner support structure is more dispersed and balanced. Even if the local components are subjected to stress fluctuations, the overall structure can still maintain stability through circumferential cooperative bearing, and the anti-instability ability is stronger.

[0020] II. In the present application, the hollow ring body with a hollow center and the plurality of arc-shaped support templates that form a circular support system are circumferentially enclosed. The thickness ratio of the two is set to 1-1.5:1. When the circumferential arc-shaped support template is subjected to external load and deforms, its relatively thin thickness allows it to more sensitively transmit the load force to the hollow ring body with a hollow center. The hollow ring body with a hollow center has a relatively larger thickness, better stiffness reserve, and better anti-deformation ability. After receiving the load transmitted by the circumferential arc-shaped support template, it can effectively resist deformation and maintain a stable state due to its structural strength. This thickness ratio realizes the synergy of force transmission between the two, ensuring efficient load transmission by the circumferential arc-shaped support template and relying on the thickness advantage of the hollow ring body with a hollow center to ensure the stability of the overall support system. This allows the load to be reasonably dispersed and borne during transmission, avoiding structural failure caused by excessive local stress, thereby improving the load carrying capacity and working reliability of the entire support structure.

[0021] Thirdly, in the application, the hollow ring-shaped body adopts low-alloy high-strength steel material as a base material, and realizes mechanical property optimization through material performance control; specifically, the Q690 grade low-alloy steel with a yield strength not less than 690 MPa is selected, the grain size is refined to more than 8 levels through controlled rolling and controlled cooling process, and the overall rigidity of the structure is significantly improved through the precipitation strengthening of trace alloy elements; at the same time, the plastic deformation capacity and toughness reserve under stress are improved through reducing the carbon equivalent and adopting low-temperature tempering treatment; this material optimization scheme can improve the load bearing capacity of the hollow structure by more than 30%, and the buckling critical load and plastic deformation energy absorption capacity are better than those of traditional carbon structural steel, which can ensure the geometric stability of the structure through rigidity under complex working conditions such as uniformly distributed radial load, local concentrated load and dynamic impact load, and buffer the stress impact caused by load fluctuation through toughness, thereby providing mechanical support with high strength and high safety for the whole supporting system, and ensuring that the supporting structure maintains a stable working state within the design load range.

[0022] Fourthly, in the application, the hollow ring-shaped body and the multiple groups of arc-shaped supporting templates of the circular supporting system formed by surrounding the circumference are concentric circular structures, which ensure that the multiple groups of arc-shaped supporting templates that are circumferentially attached to the inner wall of the circular building hole can act on the side wall circumference of the hollow ring-shaped body through the same length path, so as to ensure that the circumferential stress of the hollow ring-shaped body is uniform, and avoid the unstable state of local stress deformation of the hollow ring-shaped body; that is, the concentric circular arrangement of the application can make the radial distance between each arc-shaped supporting template and the hollow ring-shaped body equal, the length of the force arm transmitted by each arc-shaped supporting template to the hollow ring-shaped body remains consistent, and the load distribution imbalance caused by the difference in force transmission path is avoided, thereby effectively reducing the risk of plastic deformation of the hollow ring-shaped body due to local stress over-limit, especially avoiding the problems of local wall bulging and deflection deformation in traditional asymmetric structures, significantly improving the structural stability of the hollow ring-shaped body under long-term load action, and further ensuring the working reliability of the whole supporting system.

[0023] Five, the driving unit for driving multiple sets of arc-shaped support templates to implement the internal support to the inner wall of the circular building hole is arranged, the driving unit can realize concentrated driving force output, the arc-shaped support templates do not need to be driven one by one, and multiple sets of arc-shaped support templates can be quickly and synchronously attached to the inner wall of the hole under the action of unified driving force; the problems of uneven support degree of each region of the inner wall of the hole caused by the time difference of support due to the operation sequence difference when the arc-shaped support templates are traditionally assembled one by one and the problems caused thereby are fundamentally avoided, the support effects such as support degree and close-fitting tightness of each part of the hole circumference on the time node are highly consistent, and the effects tend to be balanced; in addition, the synchronicity improves the efficiency of the support operation, reduces the working hour consumption of step-by-step driving, and can more ensure that the inner wall of the hole is uniformly constrained in the initial stage of stress, avoids the instantaneous stress concentration caused by local support lag, thereby reduces the risk of micro-cracks of the concrete structure around the hole in the support process, and further enhances the reliability and safety of the support system;

[0024] Six, in the application, multiple sets of driving rods are arranged obliquely relative to the corresponding moving rods, and through the circumferential rotation of the driving ring, the one end of all the driving rods can be driven to generate synchronous circumferential displacement, the displacement is converted into the linear displacement of the moving rods in the radial internal support direction through the force system of the oblique structure, so that the synchronous internal support or retraction of the moving rods is realized; through the single circumferential rotation of the driving ring, the adjustment of the support state of multiple sets of arc-shaped support templates can be completed, the efficient conversion of the movement form is realized by using the oblique transmission structure, the rotary motion is accurately converted into the radial force, the transmission efficiency is improved, complex step-by-step operation is not needed, the support adjustment time is significantly shortened, the construction efficiency is improved, the synchronous action of multiple components is controlled by a single driving source, the coordination error of multiple driving devices is avoided, the consistency of the internal support displacement of the moving rods is ensured, the risk of operation failure is reduced, and the practicality and reliability of the support system are enhanced;

[0025] Seven, the locking assembly composed of the positioning plate, the positioning hole and the positioning bolt can realize the accurate locking and positioning of multiple sets of driving rods after driving adjustment, the locking mechanism can keep the mechanical state of the driving rods stable for a long time after the corresponding arc-shaped support templates driven by the driving rods reach the preset internal support position of the inner wall of the circular building hole, effectively inhibits the return displacement of the driving rods caused by load fluctuation or vibration, ensures that the support force amplitude and the action position of the arc-shaped support templates to the inner wall of the hole always maintain within the design range, and provides structural guarantee for the long-term reliable work of the support system;

[0026] Eight, in the prior art, when a circular steel ring is used to realize the support of a circular concrete building hole, the steel ring has a fixed circumference and can only adapt to a single caliber, and has a use limitation, the present application adopts a plurality of arc-shaped support templates to form a circular support structure, and adjusts the support caliber through the linear displacement of the arc-shaped support templates in the radial direction; meanwhile, a connecting assembly is arranged between the two adjacent arc-shaped support templates to seal and connect the gap generated in the adjustment process; this way makes the plurality of arc-shaped support templates and the connecting assembly still maintain a circular closed inner support structure after expanding the support caliber, not only breaks through the single caliber adaptation limitation, can meet the support needs of various caliber circular building holes, but also ensures full closed support effect under different calibers through the sealing effect of the connecting assembly, improves the versatility and support reliability of the equipment;

[0027] Nine, in the present application, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece of the connecting assembly adopt different materials to adapt to different bending requirements and mechanical properties: the outer third connecting piece is made of 65Mn spring steel, which can withstand large radius bending and has excellent cold bending and elastic recovery ability; the inner first connecting piece is made of Q235B carbon structural steel, which meets the small radius bending and basic support rigidity requirements; the second connecting piece is made of 304 stainless steel, which has the functions of connection transition, flexibility and corrosion resistance. The selection of the three materials not only meets the different bending requirements, but also ensures the connection strength of the gap between the adjacent arc-shaped support templates and the stable support of the inner wall of the hole through the performance advantages of each material, and ensures the mechanical synergy of the overall structure during the adjustment process;

[0028] Ten, in the present application, abutting units are arranged at both sides of each arc-shaped support template, which can ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template do not separate from the inner wall of the hole when the arc-shaped support template adapts to the support needs of different caliber circular building holes; that is, the present application is provided with the abutting function of driving the two sides of each arc-shaped support template to abut closely to the inner wall of the circular building hole, which can ensure that the two sides of the arc-shaped support template are always closely attached to the inner wall of the hole through active adjustment when adapting to the support needs of larger caliber circular building holes, effectively avoiding the structural defect that the arc-shaped support template with fixed arc-shaped curvature cannot adapt to the caliber change, this way significantly widens the application range of the equipment, can cover larger span hole diameter specifications, at the same time ensures the sealing property and force transmission efficiency of the support contact under different calibers, improves the versatility and engineering practicability of the equipment;

[0029] Eleven, in the present application, when the moving rod generates linear displacement in the radial inward supporting direction, the limiting and guiding effect of the limiting assembly on the first linkage arm can drive the moving pin to automatically drive the two side end portions of the arc-shaped supporting template to abut against the inner wall of the circular building hole; this mode establishes a mechanical linkage mechanism of the displacement of the moving rod and the abutment of the end portion of the arc-shaped supporting template driven by the moving pin through the limiting assembly: when the moving rod drives the arc-shaped supporting template to expand outward to adapt to a larger caliber hole, the moving pin synchronously completes the abutment action of the two side end portions of the arc-shaped supporting template, without the need for an additional power source to drive the abutment unit series assembly. This linkage feature not only improves the degree of automation of the system and avoids the collaborative error of multiple driving devices, but also ensures the action coordination of the expansion of the body and the abutment of the end portion of the arc-shaped supporting template during the adaptation of different calibers, so that the support force distribution of each contact point of the inner wall of the hole is more uniform, the tightness and stability during the support of holes of different specifications are significantly enhanced, and the complexity of the equipment structure and the operation and maintenance cost are reduced;

[0030] Twelve, in the present application, the first linkage arm is assembled between the limiting cylinder and the leaf spring, when the first linkage arm is displaced outward along the radial supporting direction, it automatically generates a rotation away from the moving rod direction under the limiting constraint of the limiting cylinder, through the preset relative position relationship between the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm, the rotation can drive the moving pin to move directionally in the inner cavity of the limiting groove frame, and in turn drive the two side end portions of the arc-shaped supporting template to abut against the inner wall of the circular building hole; the above action relies on the structural limiting of the limiting cylinder and the leaf spring and the angle matching design of the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm, and establishes a complete mechanical linkage chain: the radial displacement of the first linkage arm is naturally converted into rotational motion through geometric constraint, and then converted into driving of the arc-shaped supporting template through the second linkage arm and the moving pin, to realize automatic triggering of the end portion abutment action of the arc-shaped supporting template. This linkage design does not need additional control modules to intervene, which simplifies the operation process and avoids response delay through the inherent coordination of the mechanical structure, ensures the real-time synchronization of the end portion abutment and the body supporting action of the arc-shaped supporting template, and makes the establishment of contact pressure more accurate during the adaptation of different calibers, further improves the reliability and durability of the supporting system;

[0031] Thirteen, in the present application, the angle between each group of first linkage arm and second linkage arm is set to 120°-150°, the setting of this angle range has clear adaptability: when supporting small-caliber circular building hole, the adjacent arc-shaped supporting template connection is completely tightly fitted, this angle can ensure that the relative position of the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm can drive the two ends of the arc-shaped supporting template to form effective abutment with the inner wall; when the arc-shaped supporting template is displaced outward to adapt to a larger caliber hole, this angle range can still ensure the tight fitting of the two ends of the arc-shaped supporting template to the inner wall through the geometric relationship of the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm; this angle design makes the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm maintain stable force transmission efficiency in the full range of supporting caliber adjustment, so that the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template always fit the inner wall of the circular building hole being supported, without additional angle adjustment, it can realize smooth transition from normal caliber to enlarged caliber, through fixed angle interval covering multiple working conditions, it avoids transmission error caused by frequent angle adjustment, ensures the consistency of the abutment force of the two ends of the arc-shaped supporting template under different calibers, simplifies the structure design, and improves the reliability and adaptation accuracy of the supporting system under variable working conditions;

[0032] Fourteen, in the present application, the middle part of the arc-shaped supporting template is provided with a moving rod as a support point, and two groups of auxiliary supporting arms are arranged at both ends of the moving rod as auxiliary supports, and the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template are provided with abutting units as abutting auxiliary support points, forming a multi-point supporting system for each group of arc-shaped supporting templates, which cooperates with the middle part and the end part to form a full-area tight inner abutment contact between the arc-shaped supporting template and the inner wall of the circular building hole, avoiding excessive local contact stress or fitting gap caused by single-point support; the present application disperses and transmits force, so that the contact pressure distribution between the arc-shaped supporting template and the inner wall of the hole is more uniform, reducing the local damage to the concrete surface, while improving the overall stability of the arc-shaped supporting template under stress state, effectively inhibiting the bending deformation caused by radial load, ensuring that the circular supporting structure formed by the multiple arc-shaped supporting templates is in full-area fitting with the inner wall, enhancing the anti-buckling capacity of the supporting system from the overall structure, and providing guarantee for long-term reliable support;

[0033] Fifteen、In view of the problem that in the prior art, when a circular steel ring is used in cooperation with radial steel bars to support a circular concrete building hole, the supporting structure completely occupies and closes the hole space, forming a closed state that cannot be broken, in the application, the hollow ring body is designed in a hollow structure, which can retain a hollow channel while effectively supporting the inner wall of the circular building hole; this method can provide a continuous working space for subsequent modeling construction, without the need to remove the formwork before carrying out subsequent processes as in traditional fully closed support, greatly shortening the process connection time and improving the construction efficiency, on the other hand, the hollow space can be used as a transmission channel for tools, materials and small equipment, facilitating material transfer and temporary operation during construction, and enhancing the flexibility of on-site operation;

[0034] To sum up, the application realizes the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing, reduces the local stress and the risk of node failure, and improves the overall anti-instability capability; through reasonable thickness matching, the load transmission coordination and overall stability are ensured, the upper limit of bearing and reliability are improved; through material optimization, the load bearing capacity and safety performance are enhanced, and stable work under complex working conditions is ensured; the concentric structure is adopted to ensure uniform stress and avoid local deformation, and the long-term stability is improved; with synchronous driving, the supporting time difference and unevenness problem are eliminated, the efficiency is improved and the crack risk is reduced; through inclined transmission and single driving source, the adjustment efficiency and displacement consistency are improved, and the practicality is enhanced; the locking assembly is used to maintain the long-term stability of the supporting state and ensure the reliable work of the system; the single caliber limit is broken, multi-caliber adaptation and full-closed support are realized, and the universality is improved; the material selection of the connecting assembly meets different bending needs and takes advantage of the respective performance to ensure the connection strength of the gap between adjacent arc-shaped supporting formworks and the stable support to the inner wall of the hole; through the end abutting function, the application range is widened, and the supporting effect under different calibers is guaranteed; relying on mechanical linkage, the automation degree and action coordination are improved, and the cost is reduced; a complete linkage chain is constructed to ensure real-time synchronization of actions and improve the adaptation accuracy; multi-point support is adopted to make the contact pressure more uniform and enhance the overall stability; the hollow channel is retained to shorten the construction period and improve the operation flexibility, and the comprehensive performance of the supporting system is comprehensively enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the hollow ring body in the application;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a front view of the driving rod in the application;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the positioning plate in the application;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the positioning hole in the application;

[0039] Figure 5It is the structural schematic view of arc support template of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 It is the rear view structural schematic view of fixed seat of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 It is the front view of first linkage arm of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 It is the structural schematic view of limiting cylinder of the present application;

[0043] Figure 9 It is the structural schematic view of sliding block of the present application;

[0044] Figure 10 It is the structural schematic view of moving pin of the present application;

[0045] Figure 11 It is the enlarged view of A of Figure 10

[0046] Figure 12 It is the front view of auxiliary support arm of the present application;

[0047] Figure 13 It is the front view of second linkage arm of the present application;

[0048] Figure 14 It is the structural schematic view of leaf spring of the present application;

[0049] Figures 1 to 14 In the figure, 1, hollow annular body, 2, driving unit, 2001, ring-shaped bearing, 2002, driving ring, 2003, driving rod, 2004, push pin, 2005, positioning bolt, 2006, positioning plate, 2007, positioning hole, 2008, positioning nut, 3, support unit, 3001, fixed seat, 3002, sliding groove, 3003, sliding block, 3004, moving rod, 3005, arc support template, 3006, fixed pin, 3007, mounting block, 3008, auxiliary support arm, 4, limiting assembly, 4001, fixed rod, 4002, limiting cylinder, 4003, U-shaped mounting rack, 4004, leaf spring, 5, abutment unit, 5001, first linkage arm, 5002, second linkage arm, 5003, moving pin, 5004, limiting slot rack, 6, connecting assembly, 6001, slot, 6002, first connecting sheet, 6003, second connecting sheet, 6004, third connecting sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The specific implementation cases and the accompanying drawings will be combined below Figures 1 to 5 The present application is further described, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 9 ​As shown, it is a schematic diagram of supporting requirements of the circular concrete building formwork without expanding state directly adapting the size. Specifically, a circular concrete building formwork supporting device, comprising: a hollow ring body 1, a driving unit 2, a supporting unit 3 and a connecting assembly 6, the hollow ring body 1 is provided as a hollow structure, when the prior art circular steel ring is matched with the radial steel bar to support the circular concrete hole, the hole space is completely closed; while the hollow ring body 1 of the present application adopts a hollow structure, which retains a through channel while effectively supporting the inner wall of the hole. Not only does it provide continuous working space for subsequent construction, but it also shortens the process connection time and improves efficiency without the need to remove the formwork for subsequent processes, and it can also be used as a transmission channel for tools, materials and small equipment, facilitating material transfer and temporary operation, and enhancing the flexibility of on-site operation. The driving unit 2 is arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow ring body 1; the supporting unit 3 is provided with multiple groups, in this embodiment, the supporting unit 3 is provided with four groups, the four groups of supporting units 3 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the hollow ring body 1, the driving unit 2 is arranged between the hollow ring body 1 and the multiple groups of supporting units 3, and the multiple groups of supporting units 3 are driven by the driving unit 2 to form a supporting structure that is adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole on the outer side of the hollow ring body 1, the supporting structure and the hollow ring body 1 are concentric circular structures, which can transmit the supporting force of the inner wall of the circular concrete building hole to the hollow ring body 1 arranged concentrically, realizing face bearing support; the connecting assembly 6 is provided with multiple groups, specifically, the connecting assembly 6 is provided with four groups, which is the same as the number of supporting units 3, and the four groups of connecting assemblies 6 are arranged one by one between the adjacent two groups of supporting units 3, for assisting the multiple groups of supporting units 3 after the supporting diameter is enlarged to form a closed supporting structure.

[0052] The present application adopts a ring-shaped inner support system composed of a hollow ring body 1 and multiple groups of circumferential supporting units 3, which can uniformly transmit the pressure and external load borne by the hole to the circumferential side wall of the hollow ring body 1 based on the stable support of the inner wall of the circular building hole, realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to face bearing; compared with the point connection form of the traditional central node, the present application avoids the stress peak caused by single-point concentrated stress, greatly reduces the local stress through distributed bearing of the circumferential side wall, fundamentally reduces the risk of node fatigue and failure, and the force transmission path of the ring-shaped inner support structure is more dispersed and balanced, so that the overall structure can maintain stability through circumferential cooperative bearing even if the local components are subjected to stress fluctuations, and the anti-instability ability is stronger.

[0053] In addition, the hollow ring body 1 of the present application optimizes the mechanical properties with low-alloy high-strength steel as the base material: Q690 grade low-alloy steel with yield strength ≥690 MPa is selected, the grain is refined (grain size ≥8 grade) through controlled rolling and controlled cooling process, and the overall stiffness (elastic modulus ≥206 GPa) is significantly improved through precipitation strengthening of trace alloying elements such as Nb, V, Ti, etc. At the same time, the carbon equivalent is reduced and the plastic deformation capacity and toughness reserve are enhanced through low-temperature tempering treatment. This material scheme can improve the load bearing capacity of the hollow structure by more than 30%, and the buckling critical load and plastic deformation energy absorption are better than traditional carbon structural steel. It can bear complex loads such as radial uniform distribution, local concentration and dynamic impact, and provide high strength and high safety mechanical support for the support system to ensure its stable work within the design load.

[0054] Referring mainly to Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 9 As shown in the drawings, each group of support units 3 includes: a fixed seat 3001, a sliding groove 3002, a sliding block 3003, a moving rod 3004, an arc-shaped support template 3005, and a fixed pin 3006. The fixed seat 3001 is fixed and vertically installed on the outer side wall of the hollow ring body 1. The sliding groove 3002 is opened on the front side wall of the fixed seat 3001. The sliding block 3003 is slidingly embedded in the inner cavity of the sliding groove 3002. The moving rod 3004 is fixed and vertically installed on one side wall of the sliding block 3003, and the other end slides outwardly through the side wall of the fixed seat 3001. When the sliding block 3003 is forced to move along the inner cavity of the sliding groove 3002, the moving rod 3004 is driven to move relative to the fixed seat 3001. The arc-shaped support template 3005 is fixedly installed on the other end of the moving rod 3004, and the arc-shaped support template 3005 is arranged in an arc shape. The fixed pin 3006 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the sliding block 3003, and provides an installation position for the connection of the sliding block 3003 with other subsequent components through the fixed pin 3006. Among the arc-shaped support templates 3005 included in the plurality of groups of support units 3, the arc-shaped support templates 3005 are circumferentially arranged to form a support structure that is adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole. The annular inner support system formed by the plurality of arc-shaped support templates 3005 can stably support the inner wall of the circular building hole, and can uniformly transmit the pressure and external load received by the hole to the circumferential side wall of the hollow ring body 1 through the annularly distributed arc-shaped support templates 3005, thereby realizing the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing.

[0055] The material performance of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 matches the supporting requirements of the inner wall of the circular building hole, and can effectively prevent the collapse of the inner wall of the hole to ensure the long-term stability of the supporting state. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, which mainly contains aluminum ≥ 95.8%, magnesium 0.4%-0.8%, and silicon 0.4%-0.8%. The tensile strength is ≥ 310 MPa, the yield strength is ≥ 276 MPa, and the elastic modulus is 69 GPa. It has both the rigidity reserve to meet the supporting requirements of the inner wall of the hole and the controllable bending under external force. It does not produce plastic cracking when the bending radius is ≥ 10 times the wall thickness, and finally forms a closed circular support structure, which takes into account the supporting reliability and forming adaptability. The arc-shaped supporting template 3005 can also be made of other materials that meet the above use requirements, and the parameters and materials are not limited or described in detail here.

[0056] Specifically, the thickness ratio of the hollow ring body 1 to the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 is set to 1-1.5:1. Under this thickness ratio, the circumferential arc-shaped supporting template 3005 is relatively thin and can sensitively transfer the load to the middle hollow ring body 1 when it is deformed under load; and the middle hollow ring body 1 has better rigidity and anti-deformation ability due to its relatively large thickness, which can effectively resist deformation and remain stable. This ratio realizes the cooperation of the force transmission of the two, which not only ensures the efficient force transmission of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005, but also relies on the thickness advantage of the hollow ring body 1 to ensure the stability of the overall support, can reasonably disperse the load, avoid local overloading failure, and further improve the load carrying capacity and working reliability of the supporting structure.

[0057] Referring mainly to Figure 7 As shown in the figure, each supporting unit 3 also includes a mounting block 3007 and an auxiliary support arm 3008. The mounting block 3007 is fixedly installed on the moving rod 3004. The auxiliary support arm 3008 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the mounting block 3007, and the two ends of the auxiliary support arm 3008 are connected with the mounting block 3007 and the arc-shaped supporting template 3005, respectively. The existence of the auxiliary support arm 3008 provides more stable support and connection for the connection between the moving rod 3004 and the arc-shaped supporting template 3005. Specifically, the auxiliary support arm 3008 is made of a composite alloy material that has both supporting performance and the ability to adapt to the change of the arc of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005, which can assist the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 to stably realize multi-point supporting of the inner wall of the circular building hole; when the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 adjusts the supporting caliber, the auxiliary support arm 3008 can ensure that the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 normally plays a supporting role by virtue of its adaptive deformation ability. The auxiliary support arm 3008 can be made of a material that meets the above use requirements, and the specific parameters and material components are not limited or described in detail here.

[0058] In the application, each group of arc-shaped support templates 3005 takes the middle moving rod 3004 as a supporting point, and two groups of auxiliary supporting arms 3008 are arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped support templates 3005 to assist in supporting, and the abutting units 5 are taken as abutting auxiliary supporting points at the two side ends, so that a multi-point supporting system is formed. The system cooperatively supports the middle part and the end part, so that the arc-shaped support templates 3005 are in close contact with the whole wall of the circular building hole, and the local stress caused by single-point supporting is avoided. The dispersed transmission of force makes the contact pressure more uniform, reduces the local damage of the concrete surface, improves the stress stability of the arc-shaped support templates 3005, suppresses the bending deformation caused by the radial load, ensures that the circular support structure surrounded by the groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005 is in close contact with the whole wall of the hole, enhances the anti-instability ability of the support system as a whole, and guarantees long-term reliable support.

[0059] Referring mainly to Figures 5 to 8 As shown in the drawings, each connecting assembly 6 comprises a slot 6001 and a connecting layer. The slot 6001 is arranged at the side wall edge of one free end of each arc-shaped support template 3005, and the inner cavity arc of the slot 6001 is matched with the arc of the arc-shaped support template 3005. The connecting layer is fixedly installed at the side wall edge of the other free end of each arc-shaped support template 3005, and is slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the slot 6001 arranged at the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template 3005, and the arc of the connecting layer is matched with the arc of the inner cavity of the slot 6001.

[0060] In the application, the circular support structure is formed by surrounding the groups of arc-shaped support templates 3005, the support caliber is adjusted by the radial displacement of the arc-shaped support templates 3005, and the connecting assembly 6 is arranged between the adjacent arc-shaped support templates 3005 to seal the gap, so that the circular closed support structure is still maintained after the caliber is expanded. The application breaks through the limitation of single caliber, adapts to various circular holes, ensures the completely closed support through sealing, and improves the universality and reliability of the equipment.

[0061] Referring mainly to Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the connecting layer includes a first connecting piece 6002, a second connecting piece 6003 and a third connecting piece 6004, which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, and one end of the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 is fixedly connected with the side wall edge of one of the free ends of the arc-shaped supporting formwork 3005, and the other end is slidingly inserted into the inner cavity of the slot 6001 opened on the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped supporting formwork 3005; wherein the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 are made of differentiated materials to adapt to different bending requirements and mechanical properties, and the bendable radius of the third connecting piece 6004 on the outside is greater than that of the second connecting piece 6003, and the bendable radius of the second connecting piece 6003 is greater than that of the first connecting piece 6002.

[0062] In the present application, the first connecting piece 6002, the second connecting piece 6003 and the third connecting piece 6004 of the connecting assembly 6 are configured with differentiated materials to adapt to different bending requirements and mechanical property requirements; specifically, the third connecting piece 6004 on the outside needs to withstand a larger bending radius, and 65Mn spring steel (carbon content 0.62%-0.70%, manganese content 0.90%-1.20%) is selected, which has a yield ratio ≥0.85 and an elongation after fracture ≥8%, has excellent cold bending performance and elastic recovery capacity, and can maintain structural integrity under large deformation; the first connecting piece 6002 on the inside has a smaller bending radius, and Q235B carbon structural steel (carbon content 0.12%-0.20%, manganese content 0.30%-0.70%) is used, which has a tensile strength of 375-500MPa and a yield strength ≥235MPa, to meet the basic support requirements with higher rigidity; the second connecting piece 6003 is a connecting transition assembly between the first connecting piece 6002 and the third connecting piece 6004, and 304 stainless steel (chromium and nickel content is 18%-20% and 8%-10.5% respectively) is selected, which has an elongation ≥40%, has a certain flexibility to adapt to the deformation coordination of the two side assemblies, and also ensures the connection durability through corrosion resistance; the selection of the above three materials not only ensures that the third connecting piece 6004 is more flexible than the first connecting piece, to meet the bending requirements of different radii, but also ensures the connection strength (shear strength ≥200MPa) of the joint between the two adjacent arc-shaped supporting formworks 3005 through the high elasticity of 65Mn steel, the high strength of Q235B steel and the comprehensive performance of 304 stainless steel, and forms a stable support for the inner wall of the circular building hole, to maintain the mechanical synergy of the overall structure during the adjustment process of adapting to different supporting diameters.

[0063] Reference is mainly made to Figures 1 to 5As shown, the driving unit 2 comprises: a ring-shaped bearing 2001 fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the hollow ring body 1, and the ring-shaped bearing 2001 is arranged concentrically with the hollow ring body 1; a driving ring 2002 rotationally arranged in the inner cavity of the ring-shaped bearing 2001, and the driving ring 2002 is arranged concentrically with the hollow ring body 1; a plurality of driving rods 2003 are arranged, specifically, four driving rods 2003 are arranged, which are the same in number as the arc-shaped supporting templates 3005, one end of the plurality of driving rods 2003 is rotationally connected to the front side wall of the driving ring 2002 through a bearing, the other end is rotationally connected to the fixed pin 3006 through a bearing, and the driving rod 2003 is arranged radially inclined relative to the driving ring 2002, and no matter how to adjust the supporting inner diameter, the driving rod 2003 is always arranged radially inclined relative to the driving ring 2002. In the application, the driving ring 2002 is circumferentially rotated to drive all the one ends of the driving rods 2003 to synchronously circumferentially displace by virtue of the inclined arrangement of the driving rod 2003 relative to the corresponding moving rod 3004, the inclined structure force system is converted into the radial linear displacement of the moving rod 3004, and the synchronous inner support or retraction is realized; that is, the device completes the supporting adjustment of the plurality of arc-shaped supporting templates 3005 by single circumferential rotation of the driving ring 2002, the inclined transmission efficiently converts the motion form, improves the transmission efficiency, does not need complex step-by-step operation, shortens the adjustment time, improves the construction efficiency, avoids the cooperative error by single driving source, ensures the consistent displacement of the moving rod 3004, reduces the risk of operation failure, and enhances the practicability and reliability of the system. The driving pin 2004 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the driving ring 2002, which is more convenient for driving the driving ring 2002 to rotate and adjust, and is also convenient for positioning the driving pin 2004 to realize the positioning of the driving ring 2002.

[0064] The driving unit 2 of the application can centrally drive the plurality of arc-shaped supporting templates 3005 to synchronously implement the inner support to the hole inner wall, does not need to be operated one by one, and can promote the rapid synchronous adhesion to the inner wall. This not only avoids the problems of supporting time difference and uneven support caused by operation sequence difference in traditional assembly one by one, ensures the balance of circumferential support in time, force and adhesion, but also improves the operation efficiency, reduces the working hour consumption, can make the initial stress of the hole inner wall be uniformly constrained, reduces the risk of concrete micro-cracks caused by local stress concentration, and enhances the reliability and safety of the supporting system.

[0065] Reference is mainly made to Figures 2 to 4As shown, the driving unit 2 further comprises a positioning bolt 2005, a positioning plate 2006, a positioning hole 2007 and a positioning nut 2008, the positioning bolt 2005 is slid forwardly and rearwardly through the push pin 2004, and the rear free end of the positioning bolt 2005 is provided with external threads; the positioning plate 2006 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body 1, and the positioning plate 2006 is arranged on the rear side of the driving ring 2002 in parallel; the positioning hole 2007 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 2007, and the plurality of positioning holes 2007 are evenly arranged on the positioning plate 2006 in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of positioning holes 2007 are arranged on the same circumferential path, and the spacing between the positioning holes 2007 is equal, and the positioning bolt 2005 rearwardly penetrates the inner cavity of one of the positioning holes 2007; the inner cavity of the positioning nut 2008 is provided with internal threads matched with the rear free end of the positioning bolt 2005, and the positioning nut 2008 is threadedly sleeved on the rear free end of the positioning bolt 2005.

[0066] In the present application, the locking assembly composed of the positioning plate 2006, the positioning hole 2007 and the positioning bolt 2005 can accurately lock and position the plurality of driving rods 2003 after driving adjustment. The locking mechanism can make the driving rod 2003 maintain a stable mechanical state for a long time after driving the corresponding arc-shaped supporting template 3005 to reach the pre-set inner support supporting position of the inner wall of the circular building hole, effectively prevent the driving rod 2003 from returning and deviating due to load fluctuation or vibration, and ensure that the supporting force and the acting position of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 on the inner wall of the hole always meet the design requirements, thereby providing structural protection for the long-term reliable operation of the supporting system.

[0067] Because the inner support supporting plate with an arc expands outward, the outer side wall of the arc-shaped inner support supporting plate is difficult to automatically fit the inner wall of the circular building hole to be supported, based on the defect, mainly referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 7 As shown, the present application is provided between the fixed pin 3006 and the arc-shaped supporting template 3005, and two groups of abutting units 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving rod 3004, each group of abutting units 5 comprises a first linkage arm 5001, a second linkage arm 5002, a moving pin 5003 and a limiting slot frame 5004, one end of the first linkage arm 5001 is rotatably connected to the fixed pin 3006 through a pin shaft; the second linkage arm 5002 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first linkage arm 5001 through a pin shaft; the moving pin 5003 is fixedly installed on the end of the second linkage arm 5002 away from the first linkage arm 5001; the limiting slot frame 5004 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005, and the limiting slot frame 5004 is provided with an arc-shaped inner cavity for slidingly embedding the moving pin 5003.

[0068] In the present application, the two side ends of each group of arc-shaped support template 3005 are respectively provided with an abutting unit 5, which can ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 will not be separated from the inner wall of the hole when it is adapted to the support requirements of circular building holes of different diameters. Specifically, the present application has the function of driving the two side ends of each group of arc-shaped support template 3005 to tightly abut the inner wall of the circular building hole. This function enables the arc-shaped support template 3005 to always tightly adhere to the inner wall of the hole through active adjustment when it is adapted to the support requirements of circular building holes of larger diameters, effectively overcoming the structural defects of arc-shaped support templates 3005 with fixed arc-shaped curvature that are difficult to adapt independently due to changes in diameter. This method significantly widens the application range of the equipment, can cover larger span hole diameter specifications, while ensuring the sealing and force transmission efficiency of the support contact under different diameters, and improves the versatility and engineering practicality of the equipment.

[0069] Referring mainly to Figure 7 and Figure 13 , the included angle between the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002 is set to 120°-150°. This angle range is clearly adapted: when supporting small-diameter holes, it can ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 effectively abut the inner wall; when adapting to larger diameters, it can still ensure that the two ends of the arc-shaped support template 3005 are tightly adhered through the geometric relationship between the two. This angle design enables the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002 to maintain stable force transmission efficiency within the full diameter adjustment range, ensuring that the end of the arc-shaped support template 3005 always adheres to the inner wall, and smoothly transitions between different diameters without the need for additional adjustment. Through fixed angle intervals, multiple working conditions are covered, transmission errors caused by frequent angle adjustment are avoided, the consistency of the abutting force is ensured, the structure is simplified, and the reliability and adaptation accuracy of the system under variable working conditions are improved.

[0070] Referring mainly to Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the side wall of the fixed seat 3001 is provided with a limiting assembly 4, which includes: two fixed rods 4001, a limiting cylinder 4002, a U-shaped mounting bracket 4003 and a leaf spring 4004, the two fixed rods 4001 are symmetrically and obliquely fixedly installed at the top end of the side wall of the fixed seat 3001; the limiting cylinder 4002 is fixedly installed at the free end of the fixed rod 4001, and the side wall of the limiting cylinder 4002 is in sliding contact with the side wall of the first linkage arm 5001 close to the direction of the moving rod 3004; the U-shaped mounting bracket 4003 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the sliding block 3003; the leaf spring 4004 is provided with two ends, and the two leaf springs 4004 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting bracket 4003, respectively, and the other end is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first linkage arm 5001 away from the direction of the moving rod 3004. The elastic force of the leaf spring 4004 cooperates with the limiting cylinder 4002 to ensure that the first linkage arm 5001 maintains a stable state after the driving action is completed; the elastic coefficient of the leaf spring 4004 only needs to meet the above functional requirements, and a model that meets the use scene of the application can be selected, and the specific model and other parameters are not additionally limited and described in detail.

[0071] Specifically, the first linkage arm 5001 is installed between the limiting cylinder 4002 and the leaf spring 4004, and when it is radially displaced outward, it automatically rotates away from the moving rod 3004 under the limiting of the limiting cylinder 4002. By means of the preset positional relationship between the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002, the driving moving pin 5003 is directionally moved along the inner cavity of the limiting groove bracket 5004, so that the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 is attached to the inner wall of the hole on both sides of the end portion. This process relies on the structural limiting of the limiting cylinder 4002 and the leaf spring 4004 and the angle matching of the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002 to build a mechanical linkage chain: the radial displacement of the first linkage arm 5001 is converted into rotation through geometric constraint, and then the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 is driven through the second linkage arm 5002 and the moving pin 5003 to realize the end portion abutting and full-automatic triggering. This linkage does not require an additional control module, simplifies the operation, avoids response delay, ensures that the end portion abutting of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 is in real-time synchronization with the main body support, and improves the precision, system reliability and durability of the contact pressure established when adapting to different calibers.

[0072] In the present application, when the moving rod 3004 moves linearly in the radial inward supporting direction, the combination of the limiting component 4 limiting and guiding the first linkage arm 5001 can drive the moving pin 5003 to automatically drive the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 to abut outward on the inner wall of the circular building hole. The structure forms the mechanical linkage of the displacement of the moving rod 3004 and the abutting of the end of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 driven by the moving pin 5003 through the limiting component 4: when the moving rod 3004 drives the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 to expand outward to adapt to a larger caliber hole, the moving pin 5003 synchronously completes the abutting action of the two side ends of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005, without the need for additional power source configuration for the abutting unit 5 series components. This linkage design improves the automation level of the system, avoids the coordination error of multiple driving devices, ensures that the body expansion and end abutting action of the arc-shaped supporting template 3005 are consistent during the adaptation to different calibers, makes the supporting force distribution of each contact point of the inner wall of the hole more uniform, significantly enhances the tightness and stability of the support of holes of different specifications, and at the same time reduces the complexity of the equipment structure and the operation and maintenance cost.

[0073] In the present embodiment, the use place of the device in the building support of opening a circular arch on a long fence is taken as an example for illustration. The principle of the circular concrete building template support device in the present embodiment for supporting at a circular arch building is specifically:

[0074] The inner wall circumference of the circular hole opened on the building is pretreated to ensure that the area to be supported is a standard circular hole; after the device is placed in the circular hole to be supported, the positioning bolt 2005 is driven to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, driving the driving ring 2002 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the hollow ring body 1. At this time, all the driving rods 2003 on the side wall of the driving ring 2002 are stressed at one end, and the other end is driven to move linearly radially away from the center of the hollow ring body 1, and through the driving rods 2003, the fixed pins 3006, the sliding blocks 3003, the moving rods 3004 and the arc-shaped supporting templates 3005 are sequentially linked and moved outward synchronously, so that all the arc-shaped supporting templates 3005 arranged circumferentially are accurately fitted to the inner wall of the hole to be supported, realizing the close support of the inward support type;

[0075] When the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 moves linearly in the radial inward bracing direction, the connecting assembly 6 at the connection between the two adjacent arc-shaped support formworks 3005 compensates for the gap generated: during the approach of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 to the hole wall, the first connecting plate 6002, the second connecting plate 6003 and the third connecting plate 6004 in the inner cavity of the adjacent arc-shaped support formwork 3005 slide along the inner cavity of the corresponding position of the slot 6001 at the end of the adjacent arc-shaped support formwork 3005, and during the sliding process, the third connecting plate 6004, the second connecting plate 6003 and the first connecting plate 6002 are gradiently bent and deformed under the cooperation of the adjacent arc-shaped support formwork 3005, and all the arc-shaped support formworks 3005 form a circumferentially sealed overall support structure, which is especially suitable for the inner wall support scene of a large-diameter circular building hole;

[0076] After the adjustment is completed, the positioning bolt 2005 is penetrated from front to back through the outer wall of the toggle pin 2004 and the inner cavity of the positioning hole 2007 at the corresponding position, and the positioning nut 2008 is rotated to be sleeved on the free end of the positioning bolt 2005 at the rear side, until the positioning nut 2008 tightly abuts the rear side wall of the positioning plate 2006, so as to realize the mechanical locking of the rotated driving ring 2002 and the displaced driving rod 2003, and ensure the long-term stability of the support structure in the state of supporting the inner wall of the circular building hole;

[0077] When the driving rod 2003 drives the corresponding fixed pin 3006 to move away from the center of the hollow ring body 1, it simultaneously drives one end of the first linkage arm 5001 on both sides to move; because the side wall of the first linkage arm 5001 is rigidly limited by the limiting cylinder 4002, and the other side is elastically supported by the elastic force of the leaf spring 4004, the first linkage arm 5001 moving outward is forced to rotate away from the moving rod 3004 under the combined constraint of the limiting cylinder 4002 and the leaf spring 4004 with the fixed pin 3006 as the axis; and because the first linkage arm 5001 and the second linkage arm 5002 are distributed at an obtuse angle in the initial state, when the first linkage arm 5001 is forced to move at one end, the moving pin 5003 at the end of the second linkage arm 5002 moves along the inner cavity of the limiting slot frame 5004 to the edge of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005, that is, through the linear displacement of the fixed pin 3006 outward in the radial direction, the moving pin 5003 automatically triggers the outward driving force applied to the edges of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005, so as to ensure that the edges of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 are tightly abutted with the inner wall of the circular building hole, and all the arc-shaped support formworks 3005 arranged in the circumferential direction form a globally abutted inward bracing support structure;

[0078] The application realizes the transformation of load from point bearing to surface bearing, reduces local stress and node failure risk, and improves overall anti-instability capacity; through reasonable thickness ratio, the load transmission coordination and overall stability are ensured, the upper limit of bearing and reliability are improved; through material optimization, the load bearing capacity and safety performance are enhanced, and stable work under complex working conditions is ensured; the concentric structure is adopted to ensure uniform stress and avoid local deformation, and long-term stability is improved; with synchronous driving, the time difference and unevenness of support are eliminated, the efficiency is improved and the crack risk is reduced; through inclined transmission and single driving source, the adjustment efficiency and displacement consistency are improved, and the practicability is enhanced; the locking assembly is used to maintain the long-term stability of the support state and ensure the reliable work of the system; the single caliber limit is broken through to realize multi-caliber adaptation and fully enclosed support, and the universality is improved; the material selection of the connecting assembly 6 meets the different bending needs, and with the performance advantages of each other, the connection strength at the gap of the adjacent arc-shaped support formwork 3005 and the stable support to the inner wall of the hole are ensured; through the end abutting function, the application range is widened, and the support effect under different calibers is ensured; relying on mechanical linkage, the automation degree and action coordination are improved, and the cost is reduced; a complete linkage chain is constructed to ensure real-time synchronization of actions and improve adaptation accuracy; multi-point support is adopted to make the contact pressure more uniform and enhance the overall stability; the hollow channel is reserved to shorten the construction period and improve the operation flexibility, and the comprehensive performance of the support system is comprehensively enhanced.

[0079] In addition, referring to Figures 10 to 14 In addition, when the connecting assembly 6 and the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 cooperate to complete the support, and after the support period is met and the support formwork device is disassembled, the height difference of the third connecting plate 6004 and the outer side surface of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005 is very small, so the relative protruding thickness formed at the third connecting plate 6004 is negligible. A polishing device can also be used to process the small protrusion to keep consistent with the inner wall curvature of the arc-shaped support formwork 3005. As can be seen, the height difference of the third connecting plate 6004 of the adjacent two arc-shaped support formworks 3005 in the present application does not have a decisive influence on the final support effect of the inner wall of the circular building hole, and can be processed by the existing general technical means later.

[0080] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A circular concrete formwork support apparatus, characterised in that: The utility model relates to a kind of circular concrete building template support devices, including: Hollow annular body (1), the hollow annular body (1) is provided as hollow structure; Driving unit (2), the driving unit (2) is arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body (1); Support unit (3), the support unit (3) is provided with multiple groups, multiple groups of the support unit (3) are evenly arranged on the outer side of the hollow annular body (1) in circumferential direction, the driving unit (2) is arranged between the hollow annular body (1) and multiple groups of the support unit (3), and multiple groups of the support unit (3) are driven by the driving unit (2) to form the support structure that is adapted to the inner wall of circular building hole outside the hollow annular body (1); Connecting assembly (6), the connecting assembly (6) is provided with multiple groups, multiple groups of the connecting assembly (6) are correspondingly arranged between adjacent two groups of the support unit (3), for assisting multiple groups of the support unit (3) to form closed support structure after expanding support diameter.

2. The circular concrete building template support device of claim 1, wherein: each group of the support unit (3) comprises: a fixed seat (3001) fixedly and perpendicularly mounted on the outer side wall of the hollow annular body (1); a sliding groove (3002) formed on the front side wall of the fixed seat (3001); a sliding block (3003) slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the sliding groove (3002); a moving rod (3004) fixedly and perpendicularly mounted on one side wall of the sliding block (3003) and slidably penetrating through the other side wall of the fixed seat (3001); an arc-shaped support template (3005) fixedly mounted on the other end of the moving rod (3004), wherein the arc-shaped support template (3005) is arranged in an arc shape; a fixed pin (3006) fixedly mounted on the front side wall of the sliding block (3003); wherein the arc-shaped support template (3005) included in multiple groups of the support unit (3) forms the support structure adapted to the inner wall of the circular building hole outside the hollow annular body (1), and the thickness ratio of the hollow annular body (1) to the arc-shaped support template (3005) is set to 1-1.5:

1.

3. The circular concrete building template support device of claim 2, wherein: each group of the support unit (3) further comprises: a mounting block (3007) fixedly mounted on the moving rod (3004); auxiliary support arms (3008) symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the mounting block (3007), wherein the two ends of the auxiliary support arms (3008) are respectively connected to the mounting block (3007) and the arc-shaped support template (3005).

4. The circular concrete building template support device of claim 2, wherein: each group of the connecting assembly (6) comprises: A slot (6001) is formed at the side wall edge of one free end of each arc-shaped support template (3005), and the inner cavity curvature of the slot (6001) is matched with the curvature of the arc-shaped support template (3005); A connecting layer is fixedly installed at the side wall edge of the other free end of each arc-shaped support template (3005), and the connecting layer is slidingly inserted into the inner cavity of the slot (6001) formed in the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template (3005), and the curvature of the connecting layer is matched with the curvature of the inner cavity of the slot (6001).

5. The circular concrete building template support device according to claim 4, wherein: The connecting layer includes a first connecting piece (6002), a second connecting piece (6003), and a third connecting piece (6004), which are arranged in layers from inside to outside, and one end of each of the first connecting piece (6002), the second connecting piece (6003), and the third connecting piece (6004) is fixedly connected with the side wall edge of one free end of the arc-shaped support template (3005), and the other end is slidingly inserted into the inner cavity of the slot (6001) formed in the side wall of the adjacent arc-shaped support template (3005); The first connecting piece (6002), the second connecting piece (6003), and the third connecting piece (6004) are made of different materials to meet their bending requirements and mechanical properties, and the bendable curvature of the third connecting piece (6004) on the outside is greater than that of the second connecting piece (6003), and the bendable curvature of the second connecting piece (6003) is greater than that of the first connecting piece (6002).

6. The circular concrete building template support device according to claim 2, wherein: The driving unit (2) includes: A ring-shaped bearing (2001) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the hollow ring-shaped body (1), and the ring-shaped bearing (2001) is concentrically arranged with the hollow ring-shaped body (1); A driving ring (2002) is rotationally arranged in the inner cavity of the ring-shaped bearing (2001), and the driving ring (2002) is concentrically arranged with the hollow ring-shaped body (1); A plurality of driving rods (2003) are provided, one end of each driving rod (2003) is rotationally connected with the front side wall of the driving ring (2002), and the other end is rotationally connected with the fixed pin (3006), and the driving rod (2003) is radially inclined relative to the driving ring (2002); A push pin (2004) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the driving ring (2002).

7. The circular concrete building template support device according to claim 6, wherein: The driving unit (2) further comprises: A positioning bolt (2005) which is slid through the shifting pin (2004) from front to back, and the rear free end of the positioning bolt (2005) is provided with external threads; A positioning plate (2006) which is fixedly installed on the outer sidewall of the hollow ring body (1), and the positioning plate (2006) is arranged in parallel on the rear side of the driving ring (2002); A plurality of positioning holes (2007) are arranged, a plurality of the positioning holes (2007) are evenly arranged on the positioning plate (2006) in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of the positioning holes (2007) are arranged on the same circumferential path, and the spacing between each of the positioning holes (2007) is equal, and the positioning bolt (2005) penetrates the inner cavity of one of the positioning holes (2007) rearward; A positioning nut (2008) which is provided with internal threads in the inner cavity, the internal threads are matched with the rear free end of the positioning bolt (2005), and the positioning nut (2008) is threadedly sleeved on the rear free end of the positioning bolt (2005).

8. The circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 2, wherein: Two groups of abutting units (5) are arranged between the fixed pin (3006) and the arc-shaped support formwork (3005), and the two groups of abutting units (5) are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the moving rod (3004), each group of abutting units (5) comprises: A first linkage arm (5001) which is rotatably connected to the fixed pin (3006) at one end; A second linkage arm (5002) which is rotatably connected to the other end of the first linkage arm (5001); A moving pin (5003) which is fixedly installed on the end of the second linkage arm (5002) away from the first linkage arm (5001); A limiting groove frame (5004) which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support formwork (3005), and the limiting groove frame (5004) is provided with an arc-shaped inner cavity for slidingly embedding the moving pin (5003).

9. The circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 8, wherein: The included angle between the first linkage arm (5001) and the second linkage arm (5002) is 120°-150°.

10. The circular concrete building formwork support device according to claim 8, wherein: The side wall of the fixed seat (3001) is provided with a limiting assembly (4), and the limiting assembly (4) comprises: Two fixed rods (4001) which are symmetrically and obliquely fixedly installed on the top end of the side wall of the fixed seat (3001); A limiting cylinder (4002) is fixedly installed at the free end of the fixed rod (4001), and the side wall of the limiting cylinder (4002) is in sliding contact with the side wall of the first linkage arm (5001) close to the direction of the moving rod (3004); A U-shaped mounting bracket (4003) is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the sliding block (3003); Two leaf springs (4004) are provided, one end of each of the two leaf springs (4004) is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting bracket (4003), and the other end is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first linkage arm (5001) away from the direction of the moving rod (3004).

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