Impact piston system, hydraulic rock drill impact system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact piston system, a hydraulic rock drill impact system and a control method thereof.The impact piston system comprises an impact piston and a cylinder body which are matched with each other, the cylinder body is connected with a hydraulic unit for driving the impact piston to reciprocate, and the cylinder body is connected with a hydraulic feedback unit; the hydraulic feedback unit is used for detecting the oil pressure at the minimum stroke and the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston, and the electric control unit adjusts the reversing frequency and the start-stop state of the hydraulic unit through feedback signals of the hydraulic feedback unit. According to the technical scheme, the reversing frequency of the hydraulic unit is controlled by detecting the oil pressure at the minimum stroke and the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston, then the impact frequency of the impact piston is automatically adjusted, and the hydraulic unit can be controlled to stop suddenly. Compared with the prior art, stroke adjusting bolts, reversing valves, corresponding connecting and sealing parts and the like are reduced, the number of oil ways in the cylinder body is also remarkably reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the hydraulic rock drill can be remarkably reduced by removing the parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic rock drills, and in particular to an impact piston system, a hydraulic rock drill impact system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic rock drill uses an impact piston to impact the drill bit, while a rotary system drives the drill bit to rotate and apply a reasonable thrust to break the rock. Its high rock breaking capacity, rapid construction efficiency and low operating costs make it an important equipment in drill and blast tunnel construction.

[0003] Impact power is a key performance metric for hydraulic rock drills, typically determined by impact frequency and impact energy. Higher impact power can break rock faster and improve efficiency, but excessive impact power can lead to equipment failure or reduced energy efficiency. Therefore, selecting the appropriate impact power based on different formation conditions is crucial. However, existing technologies are unable to dynamically adjust the impact frequency and stroke parameters of the impact piston based on rock hardness. Furthermore, there is a lack of monitoring methods and abnormality warning functions for the operating status of the hydraulic rock drill's impact system. Consequently, achieving the goals of rapid rock breaking, minimal component wear, and extended equipment life is unattainable.

[0004] Regarding the adjustment of the impact power parameters of the impact piston, some existing technologies have proposed improvement suggestions. For example, the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN 217380392 U discloses a hydraulic rock drill piston stroke adjustment mechanism, which changes the impact power of the hydraulic rock drill by designing a stroke adjustment plunger and a feedback oil hole, but it can only achieve gear adjustment and does not have stepless adjustment capabilities. For another example, the Chinese invention patent with the application publication number CN 114294272 A discloses a hydraulic impactor control system and a hydraulic rock drill, which to a certain extent solves the problem of stepless frequency modulation of the hydraulic rock drill impact piston. However, this method is a passive adjustment method, which requires operators to set the working parameters according to the geological conditions. If the impact parameters are set abnormally, it will cause problems such as empty hitting or increased wear. In addition, there are also problems such as the accuracy of the hydraulic component action switching response.

[0005] In summary, while existing technologies have proposed some solutions to the problems of stepless frequency modulation, operating status monitoring, and abnormality warnings for hydraulic rock drills, these only address some of the issues and have yet to fully resolve them. Therefore, the design of a new electronically controlled hydraulic rock drill impact system is particularly necessary.

[0006] It should be noted that the above technical information is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or implication in any form that the above technical information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes an impact piston system, a hydraulic rock drill impact system and a control method thereof. The technical problems to be solved are: how to infinitely adjust parameters such as the impact power of the hydraulic rock drill, and how to perform real-time intelligent early warning detection.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: A percussion piston system includes a matching percussion piston and a cylinder. The cylinder is connected to a hydraulic unit that drives the percussion piston in reciprocating motion. The cylinder is also connected to a hydraulic feedback unit that detects the oil pressure at the minimum and maximum strokes of the percussion piston. An electronic control unit adjusts the hydraulic unit's switching frequency and start / stop status based on feedback signals from the hydraulic feedback unit. This technical solution comprises two components: a percussion piston-cylinder assembly and an external control system. The external control system detects the oil pressure at the minimum and maximum strokes of the percussion piston to control the hydraulic unit's switching frequency, thereby automatically adjusting the percussion piston's impact frequency. It can also control the hydraulic unit to an emergency stop based on the oil pressure at the minimum and maximum strokes of the percussion piston. This means that while achieving stepless frequency modulation and real-time intelligent monitoring, the present invention also reduces the number of stroke adjustment bolts, reversing valves, and corresponding connecting and sealing components compared to existing technologies. Furthermore, the number of oil circuits within the cylinder is significantly reduced. These components are complex in shape and require extremely high precision, requiring strict tolerances for fit. Damage to any component can affect the normal operation of the entire system. By removing these components, the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the hydraulic rock drill can be significantly reduced.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution for the impact piston system, the electronic control unit includes a programmable logic controller (PLC) connected to the hydraulic feedback unit and the voltage controller, respectively. The PLC is connected to the hydraulic unit via a circuit amplifier board. In this technical solution, as described above, the impact piston cylinder assembly and the external control system together constitute the electronically controlled impact piston system. The external control system uses the voltage controller to output a certain voltage signal to the PLC. The PLC determines the target operating frequency based on the voltage signal through internal logic judgment, thereby determining the time relay operation time. After processing through a NOT gate, the PLC simultaneously outputs two oppositely acting electrical signals to the dual receiving channels of the circuit amplifier board. The dual output channels of the circuit amplifier board are respectively connected to the hydraulic unit, which performs a reversing action. The voltage signal can be adjusted by the voltage controller, changing the PLC output electrical signal, controlling the reversing frequency of the hydraulic unit, thereby changing the operating parameters of the impact piston, achieving stepless frequency regulation of the impact frequency of the hydraulic rock drill impact piston, and improving the rock drill's ability to adapt to working conditions.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution for the impact piston system, the hydraulic unit includes an electromagnetic servo valve connected to the oil pump. The electromagnetic servo valve is connected to the front oil chamber in the cylinder body, which drives the impact piston's return stroke, and the rear oil chamber, which drives the impact piston's stroke. Specifically, the dual output channels of the circuit amplifier board are connected to the left and right sides of the electromagnetic servo valve, respectively, to control its switching action. The voltage controller can adjust the voltage signal, changing the programmable logic controller's output signal, controlling the electromagnetic servo valve's switching frequency, thereby changing the impact piston's operating parameters. This allows for infinitely adjustable frequency of the hydraulic rock drill's impact piston, improving the rock drill's ability to adapt to various operating conditions.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution for the impact piston system, a high-pressure accumulator is connected to the rear connecting oil circuit between the electromagnetic servo valve and the rear oil chamber. Preferably, the high-pressure accumulator is connected to an external oil circuit to temporarily store piston return energy and provide peak stroke flow. The high-pressure accumulator can be fixed to the cylinder body via bolts.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the impact piston system, the electromagnetic servo valve is an O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve, or the electromagnetic servo valve includes two valves connected to the front oil chamber and the rear oil chamber respectively.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, as the preferred technical solution for the impact piston system, the hydraulic feedback unit includes a No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge for detecting the oil pressure at the minimum stroke of the impact piston and a No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge for detecting the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston. The No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge and the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge are both connected to the programmable logic controller of the electronic control unit.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical solution, as the preferred technical solution of the impact piston system, the cylinder body is provided with a feedback oil signal hole located between the front oil chamber and the rear oil chamber and close to the rear oil chamber. The feedback oil signal hole includes feedback oil signal hole No. 1 and feedback oil signal hole No. 3 arranged in sequence. The feedback oil signal hole No. 1 and the feedback oil signal hole No. 3 are respectively connected to the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge and the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, as the preferred technical solution of the impact piston system, a No. 2 feedback oil signal hole is provided on the cylinder body between the No. 1 feedback oil signal hole and the No. 3 feedback oil signal hole, and the No. 2 feedback oil signal hole is connected to the programmable logic controller through a No. 2 electric oil pressure gauge.

[0016] A hydraulic rock drill impact system comprises the impact piston system described in any one of the above items.

[0017] A control method for a hydraulic rock drill impact system, wherein the hydraulic rock drill impact system is the above-mentioned hydraulic rock drill impact system, and a voltage controller outputs a certain voltage signal to start the hydraulic rock drill impact system; if the oil pressure at the minimum stroke of the impact piston does not change or the oil pressure at the maximum stroke changes within a certain period of time, the signal is transmitted to a programmable logic controller, and the programmable logic controller automatically controls the change of the reversing frequency of the hydraulic unit, and the hydraulic unit controls the impact piston to change the impact frequency; if the oil pressure at the minimum stroke still does not change or the oil pressure at the maximum stroke still changes within a period of time, it indicates that the autonomous adjustment range is exceeded; the programmable logic controller forcibly controls the hydraulic rock drill impact system to stop operating, feeds back abnormal operating information, and prompts that the front end of the impact piston is in a blank striking state or the impact piston is worn.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the technical solution proposed in this invention achieves the goal of infinitely adjusting the operating frequency of the hydraulic rock drill's impact system. It also provides intelligent monitoring of the hydraulic rock drill's impact system, monitoring the rock drill's operating status in real time and providing early warning and emergency stop functions for abnormal operating parameters. These two functions work together to dynamically adjust the impact system's operating parameters, improving the rock drill's reliability and adaptability and accelerating construction efficiency. This also simplifies the hydraulic rock drill's complex internal structure, reduces the number of precision-machined parts and high-precision fittings, and lowers the manufacturing, maintenance, and repair costs of the fully hydraulic rock drill. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the impact piston system; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cylinder; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Assembly drawing of the middle impact piston and cylinder; Figure 4 is the stroke state diagram of the impact piston; t-1, t0, and t1 represent the states of position I at different times respectively; Figure 5 This is the return state diagram of the impact piston; Figure 6 This is the normal working state diagram of the impact piston; Figure 7 This is the diagram of the impact piston in the emergency stop state after running out of steam; Figure 8This is the wear emergency stop state diagram of the impact piston; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a second implementation scheme of the impact piston system; Figure 10 It is an existing frequency modulation technology for impact piston system.

[0021] Description of Figure Numbers: 1- impact piston, 101 impact piston rear end boss, 2- front guide copper sleeve; 3- cylinder body; 301-front oil circuit, 302-front oil chamber, 303-through hole; 304-No. 1 feedback oil signal hole, 305-No. 2 feedback oil signal hole; 306-No. 3 feedback oil signal hole; 307-rear oil chamber, 308-rear oil circuit; 4- rear guide copper sleeve; 5- electromagnetic servo valve, 501- front connecting oil circuit, 502- rear connecting oil circuit; 6-circuit amplifier board, 601-first circuit, 602-second circuit, 603-third circuit, 604-fourth circuit, 605-fifth circuit, 606-sixth circuit, 607-seventh circuit, 608-eighth circuit; 7-Programmable logic controller; 8- voltage controller, 9- high-voltage accumulator; 10-No. 1 oil pressure gauge; 11-No. 2 oil pressure gauge; 12-No. 3 oil pressure gauge; Dark areas represent high-pressure oil regions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the core concept of the present invention and the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present application provides these embodiments to make this application thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of this application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "several" means greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are simply used to distinguish different parts. "Perpendicular" does not mean perpendicular in the strict sense, but rather means within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but rather means within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar terms mean that the elements preceding the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of other elements being included.

[0026] It should also be noted that in the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0027] All terms used in this application have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in, for example, common dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology and should not be interpreted in an idealized or highly formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0028] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0029] One purpose of the present invention is to provide a technology that can electrically control the parameters such as the impact piston movement and impact frequency of a hydraulic rock drill, and has the ability to infinitely control the operating parameters of the impact piston. At the same time, it also has real-time intelligent monitoring of the working status and early warning emergency stop functions, thereby improving the reliability, economy and formation adaptability of the full hydraulic rock drill, thereby accelerating the efficiency of rock drilling construction.

[0030] Core invention point 1: The hydraulic rock drill impact cylinder assembly and the external control system are used together to form an electric-controlled hydraulic rock drill impact system. Through the circuit amplifier board, programmable logic controller, voltage controller, electromagnetic servo valve and other electrical components and hydraulic pipelines, the action of the impact piston is controlled, and the impact frequency and other parameters of the hydraulic rock drill impact piston are infinitely adjusted; the programmable logic controller is equipped with control logic, which automatically sets the target operating frequency according to the signal of the voltage controller.

[0031] Core invention point 2: Three feedback signal holes and an electric oil pressure gauge are provided to monitor the working status of the hydraulic rock drill impact system in real time; according to the monitoring information of the feedback signal hole, the current working status information is displayed, and based on the information, it is determined whether the hydraulic rock drill needs to be forced to stop working.

[0032] Core Invention Point 3: The hydraulic rock drill based on the electronic control system and real-time intelligent monitoring system has significantly fewer parts and components than the existing technology, and relatively fewer precision and difficult-to-process parts, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the rock drill.

[0033] The specific embodiments are as follows: An impact piston system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an impact piston 1 and a cylinder body 3 that are adapted to each other. The structure of the impact piston 1 is the same as that of the prior art, and the structure of the cylinder body 3 adapted to the impact piston 1 is also the same as that of the prior art, so this embodiment will not be repeated.

[0034] The difference lies in that cylinder 3 is connected to a hydraulic unit that drives the reciprocating motion of impact piston 1. This unit is also connected to a hydraulic feedback unit, which detects the oil pressure at the impact piston 1's minimum and maximum strokes. The electronic control unit adjusts the hydraulic unit's switching frequency and start / stop status based on feedback signals from the hydraulic feedback unit. This means that the hydraulic unit, unlike conventional hydraulic systems, is a hydraulic unit whose operating state is controlled by the electronic control unit. The electronic control unit controls the hydraulic unit based on the detection results of the hydraulic feedback unit. Therefore, cylinder 3 must have feedback oil signal holes for detecting the oil pressure at the impact piston 1's minimum and maximum strokes.

[0035] That is, this embodiment includes two parts: an impact piston cylinder assembly and an external control system. The external control system can control the switching frequency of the hydraulic unit by detecting the oil pressure at the minimum stroke and the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston 1, thereby automatically adjusting the impact frequency of the impact piston 1. At the same time, it can also control the emergency stop of the hydraulic unit according to the oil pressure at the minimum stroke and the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston 1.

[0036] While achieving stepless frequency modulation and real-time intelligent monitoring, this embodiment also eliminates the need for stroke adjustment bolts, reversing valves, and corresponding connecting and sealing components compared to existing technologies. Furthermore, the number of oil circuits within the cylinder is significantly reduced. These components are complex in shape and require extremely high precision, requiring tight tolerances between them. Damage to any component can affect the normal operation of the entire machine. By eliminating these components, the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the hydraulic rock drill can be significantly reduced.

[0037] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, Figure 1 As shown, the electronic control unit includes a programmable logic controller 7 connected to the hydraulic feedback unit and the voltage controller 8 respectively. The programmable logic controller 7 is connected to the hydraulic unit through a circuit amplifier board 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, as described above, an electric-controlled impact piston system is formed by utilizing an impact piston cylinder assembly and an external control system. The external control system utilizes a voltage controller 8 to output a certain voltage signal to a programmable logic controller 7 via an eighth line 608. The programmable logic controller 7 determines the target operating frequency based on the magnitude of the voltage signal after internal logic judgment, thereby determining the operating time of the time relay. After further processing through a NOT gate, the programmable logic controller 7 simultaneously outputs two oppositely acting electrical signals, which are respectively transmitted to the dual receiving channels of the circuit amplifier board 6 via a third line 603 and a fourth line 604. The dual output channels of the circuit amplifier board 6 are respectively connected to the hydraulic unit, which performs a reversing action. The voltage signal magnitude can be adjusted via the voltage controller 5 to change the output electrical signal of the programmable logic controller 7, thereby controlling the reversing frequency of the hydraulic unit, thereby changing the operating parameters of the impact piston 1, achieving stepless frequency regulation of the impact frequency of the impact piston of the hydraulic rock drill, and improving the rock drill's ability to adapt to working conditions.

[0039] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the hydraulic unit includes an electromagnetic servo valve 5 connected to an oil pump. The electromagnetic servo valve 5 is connected to the front oil chamber 302 in the cylinder body 3, which drives the impact piston 1 in its return stroke, and the rear oil chamber 307 in the cylinder body 3, which drives the impact piston 1 in its stroke. Specifically, the dual output channels of the circuit amplifier board 6 are connected to the left and right sides of the electromagnetic servo valve 5, controlling its switching action. The voltage controller 5 adjusts the voltage signal, changing the electrical signal output by the programmable logic controller 7, controlling the switching frequency of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 and thus varying the operating parameters of the impact piston 1. This allows for infinitely variable frequency adjustment of the impact piston's impact frequency, improving the rock drill's ability to adapt to various operating conditions.

[0040] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rear connecting oil circuit 502 between the electromagnetic servo valve 5 and the rear oil chamber 307 is connected to a high-pressure accumulator 9. Preferably, the high-pressure accumulator 9 is connected to an external oil circuit to temporarily store piston return energy and provide peak stroke flow. It can be fixed to the cylinder body 3 via bolts. Of course, the high-pressure accumulator 9 can also be directly connected to the cylinder body 3, as the cylinder body 3 is provided with a rear oil circuit 308 for access to the rear oil chamber 307. Correspondingly, the cylinder body 3 is also provided with a front oil circuit 301 for access to the front oil chamber 302.

[0041] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is an O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve, or the electromagnetic servo valve 5 includes two valves connected to the front oil chamber 302 and the rear oil chamber 307 respectively.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, when the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is an O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve, one output port of the O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve is connected to the front oil circuit 301 via the front connecting oil circuit 501, providing access to the front oil chamber 302. The other output port is connected to the rear oil circuit 308 via the rear connecting oil circuit 501, providing access to the rear oil chamber 307. The dual output channels of the circuit amplifier board 6 are connected to the control ports on the left and right sides of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 via the first line 601 and the second line 602, respectively.

[0043] like Figure 9 As shown, when the electromagnetic servo valve 5 includes two and is respectively connected to the front oil chamber 302 and the rear oil chamber 307, the two electromagnetic servo valves 5 are the first electromagnetic servo valve 5-1 and the second electromagnetic servo valve 5-2. The dual channels output by the circuit amplifier board 6 are respectively connected to the control ports of the first electromagnetic servo valve 5-1 and the second electromagnetic servo valve 5-2 through corresponding lines, ensuring that the first electromagnetic servo valve 5-1 and the second electromagnetic servo valve 5-2 are always in opposite working states.

[0044] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic feedback unit includes a No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 for detecting the oil pressure at the minimum stroke of the impact piston 1, and a No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge 12 for detecting the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston 1. The No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 and the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge 12 are connected to the programmable logic controller 7 of the electronic control unit through the fifth line 605 and the seventh line 607 respectively.

[0045] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder body 3 is provided with a feedback oil signal hole located between the front oil chamber 302 and the rear oil chamber 307 and close to the rear oil chamber 307. The feedback oil signal hole includes a No. 1 feedback oil signal hole 304 and a No. 3 feedback oil signal hole 306 arranged in sequence. The No. 1 feedback oil signal hole 304 and the No. 3 feedback oil signal hole 306 are respectively connected to the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 and the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge 12.

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the impact piston system, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a No. 2 feedback oil signal hole 305 is provided on the cylinder body 3 between the No. 1 feedback oil signal hole 304 and the No. 3 feedback oil signal hole 306. The No. 2 feedback oil signal hole 305 is connected to the programmable logic controller 7 through the No. 2 electric oil pressure gauge 11, and the No. 2 electric oil pressure gauge 11 is connected to the programmable logic controller 7 through the sixth line 606.

[0047] A hydraulic rock drill impact system includes any of the impact piston systems described above. As a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic rock drill impact system consists of a rock drill impact cylinder assembly and an external control system, and uses hydraulic oil as the control medium.

[0048] The rock drill impact cylinder assembly consists of an impact piston 1, a front guide copper sleeve 2, a cylinder body 3, and a rear guide copper sleeve 4. The external control system comprises an electromagnetic servo valve 5, a circuit amplifier board 6, a programmable logic controller 7, a voltage controller 8, a high-pressure accumulator 9, and an electric oil pressure gauge. Cylinder body 3 is provided with a through hole 303, flanked by stepped grooves. Cylinder body 3 is equipped with a front oil circuit 301, a front oil chamber 302, a feedback oil signal port, a rear oil chamber 307, and a rear oil circuit 308. Front oil circuit 301 communicates with front oil chamber 302 at one end and has an external oil circuit interface at the other. Rear oil circuit 308 communicates with rear oil chamber 307 at one end and also has an external oil circuit interface at the other end.

[0049] The feedback oil signal hole is connected to the through hole 303; the No. 1 feedback oil signal hole 304 is set at the design position of the minimum piston impact stroke, the No. 3 feedback oil signal hole 306 is set at the design position of the maximum piston impact stroke, and the No. 2 feedback oil signal hole 305 is located in the middle of the two; the number of electric oil pressure gauges and feedback oil signal holes should be consistent, and the number should be no less than 2, and can be about 2 to 4. In this embodiment, the number is 3.

[0050] The electric oil pressure gauges are respectively installed on the feedback oil signal holes; the front guide copper sleeve 2 and the rear guide copper sleeve 4 are stepped and installed on both sides of the cylinder body 3; the impact piston 1 passes through the front guide copper sleeve 2 and the rear guide copper sleeve 4 and is installed in the cylinder body 3.

[0051] The programmable logic controller 7 has multiple input terminals and output terminals; the voltage controller 8 is connected to the input terminal of the programmable logic controller 7 through a line; the electric oil pressure gauge is connected to the input terminal of the programmable logic controller 7 through a line; the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is an O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve; the circuit amplifier board 6 is dual-channel; the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is connected to the dual output channel terminals of the circuit amplifier board 6 through a line; the circuit amplifier board 6 is connected to the output terminal of the programmable logic controller 7 through a line.

[0052] One end of the front connecting oil circuit 501 is connected to the electromagnetic servo valve 5, and the other end is connected to the front oil circuit 301; one end of the rear connecting oil circuit 502 is connected to the electromagnetic servo valve 5, and the other end is connected to the rear oil circuit 308; the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is connected to an external oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline; the high-pressure accumulator 9 is connected to the external oil circuit and can be fixed to the cylinder body 3 by bolts.

[0053] In the electric-controlled hydraulic rock drill impact system of the present invention, as described above, the rock drill impact cylinder assembly and the external control system are used to form the electric-controlled rock drill impact system; the external control system uses the voltage controller 8 to output a certain voltage signal to the programmable logic controller 7; the programmable logic controller 7 determines the target operating frequency based on the size of the voltage signal after internal logic judgment, and then determines the action time of the time relay. After processing by the NOT gate, the programmable logic controller 7 simultaneously outputs two opposite action electrical signals to the dual receiving channels of the circuit amplifier board 6; the dual channels output by the circuit amplifier board 6 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 to control the electromagnetic servo valve 5 to perform reversing action; the voltage signal size can be adjusted by the voltage controller to change the output electrical signal of the programmable logic controller 7 and control the reversing frequency of the electromagnetic servo valve 5, thereby changing the working parameters of the impact piston 1, realizing the stepless adjustment frequency of the impact frequency of the hydraulic rock drill impact piston, and improving the ability of the rock drill to adapt to working conditions.

[0054] Preferably, three feedback signal holes are provided: the first feedback signal hole 304 is located at the piston's minimum impact stroke design, the third feedback signal hole 306 is located at the piston's maximum impact stroke design, and the second feedback signal hole 305 is located between the two. Depending on whether the rock drill's piston stroke is open or closed, the oil pressure will be consistent with the rear chamber oil pressure when open, and remain unchanged when closed. An electric oil pressure gauge is externally connected to the feedback signal hole to monitor the oil pressure at that point in real time and provide feedback to the programmable logic controller for logical processing. The monitoring information from the feedback signal hole can be used to determine the operating status of the rock drill's impact system. If the first oil pressure changes within a certain period of time while the third oil pressure does not, it indicates that the rock drill is currently operating normally. If the first oil pressure does not change within a certain period of time, or if a change in the third oil pressure is detected, the programmable logic controller will forcibly stop the rock drill's impact system and provide feedback indicating abnormal operation. The second oil pressure serves as an auxiliary signal for frequency adjustment. When the second oil pressure changes, the frequency adjustment has essentially reached the optimal state under the current operating conditions.

[0055] Therefore, according to the present invention, the action of the impact piston of the hydraulic rock drill can be changed by electronic control and stepless frequency modulation can be achieved; and a real-time intelligent monitoring system is provided to feedback the working status of the impact system and determine whether an emergency stop action is required.

[0056] Furthermore, if Figure 1-3 As shown, it mainly includes: a rock drill impact cylinder assembly and an external control system, and uses hydraulic oil as the control medium; the rock drill impact cylinder assembly is composed of an impact piston, a front guide copper sleeve, a cylinder body and a rear guide copper sleeve; the external control system is composed of an electromagnetic servo valve, a circuit amplifier board, a programmable logic controller, a voltage controller, a high-pressure accumulator and an electric oil pressure gauge.

[0057] The cylinder body 3 is provided with structures such as oil circuit, oil chamber and feedback oil signal hole. The front guide copper sleeve 2 and the rear guide copper sleeve 4 are installed on both sides of the cylinder body 3; the impact piston 1 passes through the front guide copper sleeve 2 and the rear guide copper sleeve 4 and is installed in the cylinder body 3; the number of electric oil pressure gauges 10-12 and the feedback oil signal holes 304-306 should be consistent, and the number should be no less than 2, and can be about 2 to 4. The electric oil pressure gauges 10-12 are respectively installed on the feedback oil signal holes 304-306; the No. 1 feedback oil signal hole 304 is set at the design position of the minimum impact stroke of the piston 1, the No. 3 feedback oil signal hole 306 is set at the design position of the maximum impact stroke of the piston 1, and the No. 2 feedback oil signal hole 305 is in the middle position between the two; one end of the front connecting oil circuit 501 is connected to the electromagnetic servo The servo valve 5 has one end connected to the front oil circuit 301, and one end of the rear connecting oil circuit 502 is connected to the electromagnetic servo valve 5, and the other end is connected to the rear oil circuit 308. The electromagnetic servo valve 5 is connected to external oil inlet and return oil pipelines, and the high-pressure accumulator 9 is connected to the external oil circuit for temporarily storing the piston return energy and providing the stroke peak flow. It can be fixed to the cylinder body 3 by bolt connection; the voltage controller 8 is connected to the input end of the programmable logic controller 7 through a line; the electric oil pressure gauge 10-12 is connected to the input end of the programmable logic controller 7 through a line; the electromagnetic servo valve 5 can select an O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve, which is in a self-locking state under normal circumstances; the circuit amplifier board 6 is a dual-channel type; the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is connected to the output end of the circuit amplifier board 6 through a line.

[0058] A control method for a hydraulic rock drill impact system, wherein the hydraulic rock drill impact system is the above-mentioned hydraulic rock drill impact system, and a voltage controller 8 outputs a certain voltage signal to start the hydraulic rock drill impact system; if the oil pressure at the minimum stroke of the impact piston 1 does not change or the oil pressure at the maximum stroke changes within a certain period of time, the signal is transmitted to a programmable logic controller 7, and the programmable logic controller 7 automatically controls the reversing frequency of the hydraulic unit to change, and the hydraulic unit controls the impact piston 1 to change the impact frequency. If the oil pressure at the minimum stroke still does not change or the oil pressure at the maximum stroke still changes within a period of time, it indicates that the autonomous adjustment range is exceeded; the programmable logic controller 7 forcibly controls the hydraulic rock drill impact system to stop running, feeds back abnormal operation information, and prompts that the front end of the impact piston 1 is in a blanking state or the impact piston 1 is worn.

[0059] Under normal working conditions, the programmable logic controller 7 receives a voltage signal from the voltage controller 8; the programmable logic controller 7 determines the target operating frequency based on the size of the voltage signal after internal logic judgment, and then determines the time relay action time. For example: the voltage range is 0~10V, corresponding to 0~100Hz frequency adjustment; the voltage controller 8 transmits a 4V electrical signal to the programmable logic controller 7, the programmable logic controller 7 determines that the current operating frequency is 40Hz, and determines that the time relay action interval is 12.5ms. If the voltage controller 8 transmits a 6V signal, the operating frequency is 60Hz and the time relay action interval is 8.33ms.

[0060] After the signal is processed by the time relay and NOT gate built into the programmable logic controller 7, the programmable logic controller 7 simultaneously outputs two opposite action electrical signals to the dual receiving channels of the circuit amplifier board 6; the circuit amplifier board 6 outputs two current signals, which are transmitted to the left and right sides of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 through two lines respectively, controlling the electromagnetic servo valve 5 to perform a reversing action; when the left line of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 transmits an open electrical signal, the right side transmits a close electrical signal, the left channel of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 is opened, the front connecting oil path 501 becomes an oil inlet pipeline, and the high-pressure oil enters the front oil chamber 302, and the rear connecting oil path 502 becomes an oil return pipeline. Part of the oil in the rear oil chamber 307 is collected by the high-pressure accumulator 9, and the other part remains in the external return oil pool. At this time, the impact piston 1 is in the return stage; when the right line of the electromagnetic servo valve 5 transmits an open electrical signal, the impact piston 1 is in the stroke stage on the contrary.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, during the piston stroke, at t=-1, the rear oil chamber 307 is filled with high-pressure oil, and the rear end boss of the impact piston 1 will pass through the critical position of the No. 1 feedback signal hole 306. The No. 3 feedback signal hole 306 is closed, and the corresponding No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 does not change; at t=0, the No. 3 feedback signal hole 306 will be connected to the rear oil chamber 307, and high-pressure oil begins to enter the hole; at t=1, the high-pressure oil enters the No. 1 feedback signal hole 306, and the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 begins to gradually increase. Figure 5 As shown, when the piston returns, the oil pressure in the rear oil chamber 307 begins to gradually decrease, and the reading on the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 also begins to gradually decrease.

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, the oil pressure of the No. 1 feedback signal hole 306 is monitored in real time and fed back to the programmable logic controller for logic processing, and whether the oil pressure change frequency of the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 is consistent with the set impact frequency within a certain period of time is recorded; if the frequencies are consistent and the pressure of the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge 12 does not change, it indicates that the rock drill is currently in a reasonable operating state; if they are inconsistent, it indicates that the frequency parameter setting is unreasonable and the rock drill operating parameters need to be changed.

[0063] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the operator controls the voltage controller 8 to output a certain voltage signal according to the current geological conditions to start the rock drill; if the pressure of the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 does not change or the pressure of the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge 12 changes within a certain period of time, a signal is transmitted to the programmable logic controller 7. Within a certain period of time, the programmable logic controller 7 automatically controls the impact frequency to change at a rate of 1 Hz. If the pressure of the No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge 10 still does not change or the pressure of the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge 12 still changes within a period of time, it indicates that the rock drill's autonomous adjustment range is exceeded; the programmable logic controller 7 will force the rock drill's impact system to stop running, feedback abnormal operation information, and prompt problems such as the front end of the rock drill's impact piston being idle or the piston being worn.

[0064] It is necessary to add that, if Figure 10 As shown, while achieving stepless frequency modulation and real-time intelligent monitoring, the present invention also reduces the number of stroke adjustment bolts, reversing valves, and corresponding connecting and sealing components compared to existing technologies. Furthermore, the number of oil circuits within the cylinder is significantly reduced. These components are complex in shape and require extremely high precision, requiring strict tolerances between them. Damage to any component can affect the normal operation of the entire machine. By eliminating these components, the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the hydraulic rock drill can be significantly reduced.

[0065] Any details not provided in the present invention are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0066] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features and beneficial effects of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact piston system, comprising an impact piston (1) and a cylinder (3) adapted to each other, wherein the cylinder (3) is connected to a hydraulic unit for driving the impact piston (1) to reciprocate, characterized in that: The cylinder body (3) is connected to a hydraulic feedback unit, which is used to detect the oil pressure at the minimum stroke and the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston (1). The electronic control unit adjusts the switching frequency and start / stop state of the hydraulic unit through the feedback signal of the hydraulic feedback unit.

2. The impact piston system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic control unit comprises a programmable logic controller (7) connected to a hydraulic feedback unit and a voltage controller (8) respectively, and the programmable logic controller (7) is connected to the hydraulic unit via a circuit amplifier board (6).

3. The impact piston system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic unit comprises an electromagnetic servo valve (5) connected to an oil pump, wherein the electromagnetic servo valve (5) is respectively connected to a front oil chamber (302) in the cylinder body (3) for driving the impact piston (1) in a return stroke and a rear oil chamber (307) for driving the impact piston (1) in a stroke.

4. The impact piston system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear connecting oil circuit (502) between the electromagnetic servo valve (5) and the rear oil chamber (307) is connected to a high-pressure accumulator (9).

5. The impact piston system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The electromagnetic servo valve (5) is an O-type three-position four-way servo proportional valve, or the electromagnetic servo valve (5) includes two valves connected to the front oil chamber (302) and the rear oil chamber (307) respectively.

6. The impact piston system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic feedback unit comprises a No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge (10) for detecting the oil pressure at the minimum stroke of the impact piston (1) and a No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge (12) for detecting the oil pressure at the maximum stroke of the impact piston (1). The No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge (10) and the No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge (12) are both connected to the programmable logic controller (7) of the electronic control unit.

7. The impact piston system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cylinder body (3) is provided with a feedback oil signal hole located between the front oil chamber (302) and the rear oil chamber (307) and close to the rear oil chamber (307). The feedback oil signal hole includes a No. 1 feedback oil signal hole (304) and a No. 3 feedback oil signal hole (306) arranged in sequence. The No. 1 feedback oil signal hole (304) and the No. 3 feedback oil signal hole (306) are respectively connected to a No. 1 electric oil pressure gauge (10) and a No. 3 electric oil pressure gauge (12).

8. The impact piston system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second feedback oil signal hole (305) is provided on the cylinder body (3) between the first feedback oil signal hole (304) and the third feedback oil signal hole (306), and the second feedback oil signal hole (305) is connected to the programmable logic controller (7) via a second electric oil pressure gauge (11).

9. A hydraulic rock drill impact system, characterized by: The impact piston system comprises the impact piston system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for controlling a hydraulic rock drill impact system, characterized in that: The hydraulic rock drill impact system is the hydraulic rock drill impact system according to claim 9, and the voltage controller (8) outputs a certain voltage signal to start the hydraulic rock drill impact system; if the oil pressure at the minimum stroke of the impact piston (1) does not change or the oil pressure at the maximum stroke changes within a certain period of time, the signal is transmitted to the programmable logic controller (7), and the programmable logic controller (7) automatically controls the switching frequency of the hydraulic unit to change, and the hydraulic unit controls the impact piston (1) to change the impact frequency. If the oil pressure at the minimum stroke still does not change or the oil pressure at the maximum stroke still changes within a period of time, it indicates that the autonomous adjustment range is exceeded; the programmable logic controller (7) forcibly controls the hydraulic rock drill impact system to stop running, feeds back abnormal operation information, and prompts that the front end of the impact piston (1) is in a blanking state, or the impact piston (1) is worn.

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