Special-shaped groove forming routing board burr improving method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of burr detection, and discloses a method and system for improving burrs of a special-shaped groove forming gong board, and the method comprises the steps: optimizing a gong tape cutting sequence, separating a gong special-shaped groove by using coarse gong and fine gong tape data, and separating a cutting gong board from left and right gongs at the position of a middle round hole, thereby improving the burrs of the special-shaped groove forming gong board; comparing the smoothness index of the to-be-detected gong plate image after burr improvement with the smoothness index of a preset template image, and detecting the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement; and obtaining burr defect fusion features of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate according to a detection result of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement, and evaluating the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate. According to the method, generation of burrs is reduced by optimizing a machining path and a step-by-step technology, milling belt data are optimized on the premise that the milling cost is not increased, the data jump from left to right, the milling efficiency is not affected, the number of produced stacked plates is not changed, and the problem of edge tearing caused by sudden change of cutting force in traditional continuous machining is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of burr detection, and in particular relates to a method and system for improving burrs on special-shaped groove forming gong plates. Background Art

[0002] Printed Circuit Board (PCB), also known as printed circuit board, is an important electronic component, a support for electronic components, and a carrier for electrical connections of electronic components.

[0003] PCB special-shaped slot design means that in addition to the common circular holes, slot holes and square holes in PCB design, there will also be some irregularly shaped special-shaped slot holes. The design of special-shaped slots can have a variety of applications, such as installation, heat dissipation, electromagnetic shielding, etc. However, the irregular contours of special-shaped slots (such as plum blossoms and polygons) make tool path planning difficult, and the directional breakage of the glass fiber of the FR4 laminate makes the burr shape uncontrollable. Manual burr removal is costly and inefficient, with labor costs accounting for more than 35% of the total processing cost, and the consistency is poor. Sandpaper polishing can easily damage the accuracy of the slot wall, and the rework rate is as high as 25%. Chemical etching will pollute the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method to improve the burrs of special-shaped slot forming gong plates.

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are: manual burr removal is costly, inefficient, and has poor consistency; sandpaper polishing can easily damage the groove wall precision and has a high rework rate; chemical etching can easily pollute the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention provide a method and system for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The present invention is achieved by: a method for improving burrs of a special-shaped groove forming gong plate, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, optimize the cutting sequence of the gong belt, use the rough gong and fine gong belt materials to separate the gong special-shaped groove, jump the gong left and right from the middle circular hole position to separate the lower gong plate, so as to improve the burrs of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate;

[0008] S2, comparing the smoothness index of the gong plate image to be inspected after burr improvement with the smoothness index of the preset template image, and inspecting the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement;

[0009] S3, obtaining the burr defect fusion feature of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate based on the obtained burr-improved special-shaped groove forming gong plate inspection results, and evaluating the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate.

[0010] In step S1, the skip-sequence tool path design includes:

[0011] Benchmark positioning: The elite ant colony algorithm is used to plan the skip-sequence tool path, and the circular hole or process hole in the middle of the slot is selected as the starting point for the tool.

[0012] Left and right alternating cutting: starting from the center hole, cut a section of the contour to the left; lift the tool back to the center, and then cut a symmetrical section to the right; the cycle alternates and gradually completes the roughing of the entire special-shaped slot;

[0013] Optimization of the finishing stage: Use high speed and low feed parameters for continuous cutting during finishing.

[0014] Furthermore, the elite ant colony algorithm is used to plan the skipping tool path, including:

[0015] Discretize the contour of the special-shaped groove into multiple key processing points, input the coordinate data of multiple key processing points, initialize the parameters and calculate the distance between each key processing point;

[0016] Calculate the probability that ant k will choose the next node j at node i, strengthen the pheromone on the optimal path found by the elite ant, and attenuate the edges passed by all ants according to the volatility rate;

[0017] Ants are forced to start from the central reference point and alternately select nodes on the left and right sides; the length of a single continuous cutting segment is limited, and the maximum number of iterations is set or the iteration is terminated when the optimal solution has not improved for N consecutive generations.

[0018] Furthermore, the parameter initialization settings include: the number of ants m represents the number of paths searched in parallel, the pheromone weight α represents the importance of historical experience in the path, the heuristic weight β represents the sensitivity of the current path cost, the pheromone volatility rate ρ represents the decay rate of the pheromone, and the number of elite ants e represents the number of ants that retain the optimal solution of each generation;

[0019] The probability that ant k chooses the next node j at node i is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, τ ij represents the pheromone concentration of edge (i, j); η ij represents the heuristic factor, which is 1 / (D ij +λΔF ij );allowed k represents the set of nodes not visited by ant k;

[0022] Global update: only strengthen pheromones for the optimal path found by elite ants;

[0023]

[0024] Among them, Lk represents the total path cost of the kth elite ant, Q represents the pheromone intensity constant;

[0025] Local update: All edges passed by ants decay according to the volatility rate;

[0026] τ ij ←(1-ρ)τ ij .

[0027] In step S1, the area-based cutting control includes: slope cutting is used for the straight section of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate, spiral cutting is used for the arc corner area, and a short cutting is set at the sharp corner.

[0028] In step S2, the inspection of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement includes:

[0029] Obtain an image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement, and compare it with a preset smooth burr-free special-shaped groove forming gong plate image as a template image;

[0030] The smoothness index of the gong plate image and the template image after burr improvement are calculated respectively, and the smoothness index of the template image is used as the threshold.

[0031] The smoothness index of the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after burr improvement is compared with the smoothness index of the template image. If the smoothness index of the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after burr improvement is greater than the threshold of the template image, the deburring operation of step S1 is re-executed.

[0032] Furthermore, the smoothness index calculation process of the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement includes:

[0033] Divide the template image into m local regions of equal area, where m≥2;

[0034] Use the Sobel operator to calculate the horizontal gradient G for each local area x and vertical gradient G y , get the gradient vector and calculate the Euclidean distance d between local regions ij and similarity s ij ;

[0035] d ij =||g i -g j ||2

[0036] s ij =e -γdij

[0037] Where γ is the attenuation coefficient; each local area R is obtained by calculationi The similarity with other m-1 local regions is calculated by averaging the similarity of the local region itself to obtain S i ;

[0038]

[0039] Combining the similarities of all local regions, the overall smoothness index is:

[0040]

[0041] In step S3, the deburring quality assessment of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate includes:

[0042] Obtain an image of the special-shaped groove forming plate to be inspected before burr improvement, cluster the burrs in the image before burr improvement, and calculate the burr density and average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster area;

[0043] According to the burr density and the average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster region of the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before burr improvement, the first burr defect fusion feature corresponding to each burr cluster region is calculated;

[0044] Obtain the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement and the corresponding burr cluster areas, match the burr cluster areas of the gong plate image before burr improvement, and obtain the second burr defect fusion feature;

[0045] The deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate is evaluated based on the first burr defect fusion features and the second burr defect fusion features corresponding to each burr cluster area in the images before and after burr improvement.

[0046] Furthermore, clustering the burrs in the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be detected before burr improvement includes:

[0047] Binarizing the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before burr improvement to obtain a binary image; clustering the burrs in the binary image using a mean shift algorithm to obtain a plurality of burr clusters; segmenting the binary image according to the plurality of burr clusters to obtain a plurality of burr cluster regions;

[0048] According to the burr density and average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster area of ​​the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before and after burr improvement, the burr defect fusion features corresponding to each burr cluster area are calculated, including:

[0049] Burr density ρ k =Number of pixels covered by burrs k / total area of ​​the region k

[0050]

[0051] Among them, nk is the number of discrete glitches in the kth glitches cluster, A ki represents the pixel area of ​​the i-th discrete burr in the k-th burr cluster; for each burr cluster area R k , calculate weighted fusion features;

[0052]

[0053] Among them, α, β, and γ are weight coefficients. is the average burr area in the burr cluster area, Dist k Indicates the closest distance from the region to the edge of the slot.

[0054] Another object of the present invention is to provide a burr improvement system for a special-shaped groove forming gong plate, the system being used to control the burr improvement method for the special-shaped groove forming gong plate, the system comprising:

[0055] The burr improvement module is used to optimize the cutting sequence of the gong belt, use the rough gong and fine gong belt materials to separate the gong special-shaped grooves, jump the gong to the left and right from the middle circular hole position to separate the lower gong plate, and improve the burrs of the gong plate for special-shaped groove forming;

[0056] The deburring detection module is used to compare the smoothness index of the gong plate image to be inspected after burr improvement with the smoothness index of the preset template image, and to inspect the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement;

[0057] The deburring quality assessment module is used to obtain the burr defect fusion characteristics based on the inspection results of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement, and to judge the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate.

[0058] In combination with all the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] First, in view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and the difficulty of solving the problems, this paper closely combines the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention and the results and data during the research and development process, and analyzes in detail and in depth how the technical solutions of the present invention solve the technical problems, and some creative technical effects brought about by solving the problems, which are specifically described as follows:

[0060] This invention optimizes the cutting sequence of the gong belt, separates the gong-shaped slots with coarse and fine gong belt materials, and uses a left-right gong-cut method to separate the lower gong plate from the center circular hole position, thereby reducing burrs on the gong plate at the hole position. This invention reduces burrs by optimizing the processing path and step-by-step process, optimizes the gong belt material without increasing the gong plate cost, and the material jumps from left to right. At the same time, the gong plate efficiency is not affected, and the number of plate stacks produced remains unchanged.

[0061] The present invention clearly divides the forming process into two independent stages: roughing and finishing. The roughing stage is used to quickly remove most of the excess, and the finishing stage is used to refine the contour. This separation method avoids the edge tearing problem caused by sudden changes in cutting force in traditional continuous processing.

[0062] The present invention adopts the strategy of "jumping left and right at the middle circular hole position", that is, starting from the central reference hole, the process is symmetrically processed alternately to the left and right sides. This path design has the following advantages:

[0063] (1) Maintain tool force symmetry to reduce material extrusion deformation caused by unilateral cutting;

[0064] (2) Disperse cutting heat through intermittent processing to avoid material sticking to the tool caused by excessive local temperature rise;

[0065] (3) The center starting point can use the prefabricated hole as the process reference to improve positioning accuracy.

[0066] This invention applies the Elitist Ant Colony Optimization (EACO) algorithm to skip-sequence tool path planning, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional empirical path design and achieving global optimization of the cutting path. Using pheromone positive feedback and an elite retention strategy, the EACO algorithm efficiently searches for a near-optimal path that satisfies skip-sequence constraints. Compared to manual empirical design, this invention can reduce burrs by 30-50% and improve machining efficiency by 10-15%, making it particularly suitable for the large-scale production of complex, irregularly shaped slots.

[0067] Second, considering the technical solution as a whole or from the perspective of the product, the technical effects and advantages of the technical solution to be protected by the present invention are described in detail as follows:

[0068] Compared with the traditional continuous gong cutting process, this method can reduce the burr height on the edge of the special-shaped groove by more than 60%, extend the tool life by 2-3 times, and at the same time improve the processing efficiency by about 15% through the optimization of rough and fine processing parameters. It is particularly suitable for the forming processing of high-precision PCB board special-shaped grooves or aluminum alloy shell parts.

[0069] This solution has been validated in the processing of 5G filter cavities at a large domestic electronics foundry, increasing the yield rate of mass production from 82% to 97%. The key innovation of this invention lies in combining "process separation" with "path planning," breaking through the contradiction in traditional processing that sacrifices surface quality for efficiency.

[0070] Third, the present invention designs the left and right jumping gong plates through the gong belt material design. The gong plate efficiency and the number of laminations remain unchanged, which can eliminate the burrs of special-shaped grooves, thereby eliminating the scrap caused by manual scraping and repair of burrs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure;

[0072] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for improving burrs on a special-shaped groove forming gong plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gong belt before optimization of the data provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optimized gong belt material provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0076] The innovation of the present invention is that the present invention removes the burrs at the intersection by cutting the left and right cutters and rotating the main shaft of the gong machine clockwise.

[0077] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the method for improving burrs on special-shaped groove forming gong plates provided by an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0078] S1, optimize the cutting sequence of the gong belt, use the rough gong and fine gong belt materials to separate the gong special-shaped groove, jump the gong left and right from the middle circular hole position to separate the lower gong plate, so as to improve the burrs of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate;

[0079] S2, comparing the smoothness index of the gong plate image to be inspected after the burrs are improved in step S1 with the smoothness index of the preset template image, and inspecting the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after the burrs are improved;

[0080] S3, obtaining the burr defect fusion feature of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate according to the burr-improved special-shaped groove forming gong plate inspection result obtained in step S2, and evaluating the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate.

[0081] The skip-sequence tool path design provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0082] (1) Benchmark positioning: The elite ant colony algorithm is used to plan the skipping tool path, and the circular hole or process hole in the middle of the slot is selected as the starting point for the cut;

[0083] (2) Alternate left and right cutting: Starting from the center hole, cut a section of the contour to the left; lift the tool back to the center, and then cut a symmetrical section to the right; cycle alternately to gradually complete the roughing of the entire special-shaped groove;

[0084] (3) Optimization of the finishing stage: During finishing, high speed and low feed parameters are used for continuous cutting.

[0085] The present invention utilizes the elite ant colony algorithm to plan the skipping tool path, including:

[0086] (1) Discretize the contour of the special-shaped groove into multiple key processing points, input the coordinate data of multiple key processing points, initialize the parameters and calculate the distance between each key processing point;

[0087] (2) Calculate the probability that ant k will choose the next node j at node i, strengthen the pheromone only for the optimal path found by the elite ant, and attenuate the pheromone for all edges passed by the ants according to the volatility rate;

[0088] (3) Force the ants to start from the central reference point and alternately select nodes on the left and right sides; limit the length of a single continuous cutting segment, set a maximum number of iterations, or terminate the iteration if the optimal solution has not been improved for N consecutive generations.

[0089] The parameter initialization settings provided by the embodiment of the present invention include: the number of ants m represents the number of paths searched in parallel, the pheromone weight α represents the importance of historical experience of the path, the heuristic weight β represents the sensitivity of the current path cost, the pheromone volatility rate ρ represents the decay rate of the pheromone, and the number of elite ants e represents the number of ants that retain the optimal solution of each generation.

[0090] The probability that ant k chooses the next node j at node i is:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, τ ij represents the pheromone concentration of edge (i, j); η ij represents the heuristic factor, which is 1 / (D ij +λΔF ij );allowed k represents the set of nodes not visited by ant k.

[0093] Global update: only strengthen pheromones for the optimal path found by elite ants;

[0094]

[0095] Among them, L k represents the total path cost of the kth elite ant, and Q represents the pheromone intensity constant.

[0096] Local update: All edges passed by ants decay according to the volatility rate;

[0097] τ ij ←(1-ρ)τ ij .

[0098] The area-based cutting control provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0099] The straight section adopts slope cutting to reduce axial cutting force;

[0100] The arc corner area adopts spiral cutting to maintain cutting continuity;

[0101] A short tool lift is set at the sharp corners to achieve chip breaking and slag removal.

[0102] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting the burr-reduced special-shaped groove forming gong plate, including:

[0103] (1) Obtaining an image of the shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement, and comparing it with a preset smooth burr-free shaped groove forming gong plate image as a template image;

[0104] (2) Calculate the smoothness index of the burr-improved special-shaped groove forming gong plate image and the smoothness index of the template image, and use the smoothness index of the template image as the threshold;

[0105] (3) Compare the smoothness index of the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after the burrs are improved with the smoothness index of the template image. If the smoothness index of the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after the burrs are improved is greater than the threshold value of the template image, re-execute the deburring operation of step S1.

[0106] The calculation of the smoothness index of the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after the burrs are improved in the present invention includes:

[0107] (1) Divide the template image into m local regions of equal area, where m ≥ 2;

[0108] (2) Use the Sobel operator to calculate the horizontal gradient G for each local area x and vertical gradient G y , get the gradient vector and calculate the Euclidean distance d between local regions ij and similarity s ij ;

[0109] d ij =||g i -g j ||2

[0110] s ij =e -γdij

[0111] Where γ is the attenuation coefficient.

[0112] (3) Each local area R is obtained by calculation i The similarity with other m-1 local regions is calculated by averaging the similarity of the local region itself to obtain S i ;

[0113]

[0114] (4) Combining the similarities of all local regions, the overall smoothness index is obtained as follows:

[0115]

[0116] The deburring quality assessment of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0117] (1) Obtain an image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before burr improvement, cluster the burrs in the gong plate image before burr improvement, and calculate the burr density and average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster area;

[0118] (2) Calculate the first burr defect fusion feature corresponding to each burr cluster area based on the burr density and burr average area corresponding to each burr cluster area in the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be detected before burr improvement;

[0119] (3) Obtaining the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after burr improvement and the corresponding burr cluster areas, matching the gong plate image before burr improvement with the burr cluster areas, and obtaining the second burr defect fusion feature;

[0120] (4) The deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate is evaluated based on the first burr defect fusion features and the second burr defect fusion features corresponding to each burr cluster area in the image before and after burr improvement.

[0121] The present invention clusters the burrs of the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be detected before the burrs are improved, including:

[0122] (1) Binarizing the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be detected before burr improvement to obtain a binary image; clustering the burrs in the binary image using a mean shift algorithm to obtain multiple burr clusters; segmenting the binary image according to the multiple burr clusters to obtain multiple burr cluster regions;

[0123] (2) According to the burr density and average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster area of ​​the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be detected before and after burr improvement, the burr defect fusion features corresponding to each burr cluster area are calculated, including:

[0124] Burr density ρk =Number of pixels covered by burrs k / total area of ​​the region k

[0125]

[0126] Among them, n k is the number of discrete glitches in the kth glitches cluster, A ki represents the pixel area of ​​the i-th discrete glitch in the k-th glitch cluster.

[0127] (3) For each burr cluster area R k , calculate weighted fusion features;

[0128]

[0129] Among them, α, β, and γ are weight coefficients. is the average burr area in the burr cluster area, Dist k Indicates the closest distance from the region to the edge of the slot.

[0130] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when roughing, the hole in the middle is broken and burrs are generated, and the left-handed cutter in fine cutting cannot remove the burrs.

[0131] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method of separating the rough gong and fine gong belt materials into gong special-shaped grooves, and cutting the left and right jump gongs separately. The optimized gong belt material design is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0132] Example 2: The burr improvement system for the special-shaped groove forming gong plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0133] The burr improvement module is used to optimize the cutting sequence of the gong belt, use the rough gong and fine gong belt materials to separate the gong special-shaped grooves, jump the gong to the left and right from the middle circular hole position to separate the lower gong plate, and improve the burrs of the gong plate for special-shaped groove forming;

[0134] The deburring detection module is used to compare the smoothness index of the gong plate image to be inspected after burr improvement with the smoothness index of the preset template image, and to inspect the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement;

[0135] The deburring quality assessment module is used to obtain the burr defect fusion characteristics based on the inspection results of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement, and to judge the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate.

[0136] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0137] In order to further demonstrate the positive effects of the above embodiment, the present invention conducts the following experiments based on the above technical solution.

[0138] The comparison of the effects of the traditional continuous cutting and the skipping cutting of the present invention is shown in Table 1.

[0139] Table 1 Comparison of the effects of traditional continuous cutting and the skipping cutting of the present invention

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] The present invention applies the elite ant colony algorithm to skip-sequence tool path planning, which can effectively solve the limitations of traditional empirical path design and achieve global optimization of the cutting path. The comparison of optimization effects is shown in Table 2.

[0143] Table 2 Test results of processing special-shaped slots on a certain PCB

[0144] index Traditional experience path EACO Optimized Path Total path cost (weighted) 1.00 0.72 Maximum cutting force fluctuation ±15N ±8N Burr height (μm) 50-80 20-30 Processing time (s) 120 105

[0145] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving burrs on special-shaped groove forming gong plates, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, optimize the cutting sequence of the gong belt, use the rough gong and fine gong belt materials to separate the gong special-shaped groove, jump the gong left and right from the middle circular hole position to separate the lower gong plate, so as to improve the burrs of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate; S2, comparing the smoothness index of the gong plate image to be inspected after burr improvement with the smoothness index of the preset template image, and inspecting the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement; S3, obtaining the burr defect fusion feature of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate based on the obtained burr-improved special-shaped groove forming gong plate inspection results, and evaluating the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate.

2. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the skip-sequence tool path design includes: Benchmark positioning: The elite ant colony algorithm is used to plan the skip-sequence tool path, and the circular hole or process hole in the middle of the slot is selected as the starting point for the tool. Left and right alternating cutting: starting from the center hole, cut a section of the contour to the left; lift the tool back to the center, and then cut a symmetrical section to the right; the cycle alternates and gradually completes the roughing of the entire special-shaped slot; Optimization of the finishing stage: Use high speed and low feed parameters for continuous cutting during finishing.

3. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The use of elite ant colony algorithm to plan the skipping tool path includes: Discretize the contour of the special-shaped groove into multiple key processing points, input the coordinate data of multiple key processing points, initialize the parameters and calculate the distance between each key processing point; Calculate the probability that ant k will choose the next node j at node i, strengthen the pheromone on the optimal path found by the elite ant, and attenuate the edges passed by all ants according to the volatility rate; Ants are forced to start from the central reference point and alternately select nodes on the left and right sides; the length of a single continuous cutting segment is limited, and the maximum number of iterations is set or the iteration is terminated when the optimal solution has not improved for N consecutive generations.

4. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The parameter initialization settings include: the number of ants m represents the number of paths searched in parallel, the pheromone weight α represents the importance of historical experience in the path, the heuristic weight β represents the sensitivity of the current path cost, the pheromone volatility rate ρ represents the decay rate of the pheromone, and the number of elite ants e represents the number of ants that retain the optimal solution in each generation; The probability that ant k chooses the next node j at node i is: Among them, τ ij represents the pheromone concentration of edge (i, j); η ij represents the heuristic factor, which is 1 / (D ij +λΔF ij );allowed k represents the set of nodes not visited by ant k; Global update: only strengthen pheromones for the optimal path found by elite ants; Among them, L k represents the total path cost of the kth elite ant, Q represents the pheromone intensity constant; Local update: All edges passed by ants decay according to the volatility rate; t ij ←(1-r)t ij 。 5. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the area-based cutting control includes: slope cutting is used for the straight section of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate, spiral cutting is used for the arc corner area, and a short cutting is set at the sharp corner.

6. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the inspection of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement includes: Obtain an image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement, and compare it with a preset smooth burr-free special-shaped groove forming gong plate image as a template image; The smoothness index of the gong plate image and the template image after burr improvement are calculated respectively, and the smoothness index of the template image is used as the threshold. The smoothness index of the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after burr improvement is compared with the smoothness index of the template image. If the smoothness index of the image of the gong plate for forming the special-shaped groove to be detected after burr improvement is greater than the threshold of the template image, the deburring operation of step S1 is re-executed.

7. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 6, characterized in that: The smoothness index calculation process of the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement includes: Divide the template image into m local regions of equal area, where m≥2; Use the Sobel operator to calculate the horizontal gradient G for each local area x and vertical gradient G y , get the gradient vector and calculate the Euclidean distance d between local regions ij and similarity s ij ; d ij =||g i -g j ||2 s ij =e -γdij Where γ is the attenuation coefficient; each local area R is obtained by calculation i The similarity with other m-1 local regions is calculated by averaging the similarity of the local region itself to obtain S i ; Combining the similarities of all local regions, the overall smoothness index is:

8. The method for improving burrs of special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the deburring quality assessment of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate includes: Obtain an image of the special-shaped groove forming plate to be inspected before burr improvement, cluster the burrs in the image before burr improvement, and calculate the burr density and average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster area; According to the burr density and the average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster region of the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before burr improvement, the first burr defect fusion feature corresponding to each burr cluster region is calculated; Obtain the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected after burr improvement and the corresponding burr cluster areas, match the burr cluster areas of the gong plate image before burr improvement, and obtain the second burr defect fusion feature; The deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate is evaluated based on the first burr defect fusion features and the second burr defect fusion features corresponding to each burr cluster area in the images before and after burr improvement.

9. The method for improving burrs on special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to claim 8, characterized in that: Clustering of burrs in the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be detected before burr improvement includes: Binarizing the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before burr improvement to obtain a binary image; clustering the burrs in the binary image using a mean shift algorithm to obtain a plurality of burr clusters; segmenting the binary image according to the plurality of burr clusters to obtain a plurality of burr cluster regions; According to the burr density and average burr area corresponding to each burr cluster area of ​​the image of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate to be inspected before and after burr improvement, the burr defect fusion features corresponding to each burr cluster area are calculated, including: Burr density ρ k =Number of pixels covered by burrs k / total area of ​​the region k Among them, n k is the number of discrete glitches in the kth glitches cluster, A ki represents the pixel area of ​​the i-th discrete burr in the k-th burr cluster; for each burr cluster area R k , calculate weighted fusion features; Among them, α, β, and γ are weight coefficients. is the average burr area in the burr cluster area, Dist k Indicates the closest distance from the region to the edge of the slot.

10. A burr improvement system for special-shaped groove forming gong plates, characterized in that: The system is used to control the method for improving burrs on special-shaped groove forming gong plates according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the system comprises: The burr improvement module is used to optimize the cutting sequence of the gong belt, use the rough gong and fine gong belt materials to separate the gong special-shaped grooves, jump the gong to the left and right from the middle circular hole position to separate the lower gong plate, and improve the burrs of the gong plate for special-shaped groove forming; The deburring detection module is used to compare the smoothness index of the gong plate image to be inspected after burr improvement with the smoothness index of the preset template image, and to inspect the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement; The deburring quality assessment module is used to obtain the burr defect fusion characteristics based on the inspection results of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate after burr improvement, and to judge the deburring quality of the cutting surface of the special-shaped groove forming gong plate.

Images