Multi-stage dynamic complex excitation solid waste roadbed filler treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage dynamic complex excitation solid waste roadbed filler treatment device and method, and relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization. The device comprises a pretreatment unit, a metering unit, a mixing unit and a control unit. The pretreatment unit is used for treating carbide slag, silica fume, excavated spoil and EPS particles, so that the problems that aggregates are not refined, oversized particles are not thoroughly removed, the EPS particles are not graded and the like are solved; in the material mixing unit, a first stirring shaft and a second stirring shaft are vertically distributed to form a three-dimensional shear flow field, and a material lifting device forms vertical convective circulation, so that the problem of non-uniform mixing caused by easy floating of EPS particles due to low density can be effectively solved; and the control unit realizes cooperative control of each unit. According to the device and the method, the mixing uniformity of the solid waste roadbed filler can be improved, the strength fluctuation is reduced, the quality requirement of engineering on the roadbed filler is met, and solid waste resource utilization is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of road subgrade engineering and environmental protection, and in particular relates to a multi-stage dynamic composite excitation solid waste subgrade filler processing device and method. Background Art

[0002] In response to the demand for resource recycling, converting industrial solid waste (calcium carbide slag, silica fume), engineering waste (excavation waste) and lightweight materials (EPS particles) into roadbed fillers is an important way to solve solid waste pollution, sand and gravel shortages and high carbon emissions from engineering projects. However, if handled improperly, it will affect the quality of the filler, especially the mixing problem of lightweight material EPS and the overall material.

[0003] Lightweight EPS particles have an extremely low density. When mixed with materials with higher densities such as carbide slag, silica fume, and excavated soil, the EPS particles easily float above the materials due to the large difference in density. Existing mixing devices use a single stirring method, mostly single-stage stirring, which cannot form an effective convection circulation and makes it difficult to break the stratification phenomenon caused by density differences. This prevents the EPS particles from fully contacting and fusing with other materials, resulting in extremely poor mixing uniformity. The uneven distribution of EPS particles will lead to significant performance differences between various parts of the filler, large fluctuations in strength, and serious impacts on the stability and bearing capacity of the roadbed, making it impossible to meet the project's quality requirements for roadbed fillers. In addition, in pretreatment, the agglomerates of carbide slag and silica fume are not refined, the oversized particles in the excavated soil are not completely removed, and the EPS particles are not graded, which are also factors that affect the quality of the filler. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems and shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler processing device and method to improve the quality and stability of solid waste roadbed filler, reduce ratio errors, and enhance material mixing effect.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler processing device, characterized in that the solid waste materials include carbide slag, silica fume, excavation spoil and EPS particles, and the processing device includes:

[0007] A pre-treatment unit for graded treatment of solid waste materials, the pre-treatment unit including a screening device;

[0008] A metering unit connected to the discharge end of the pretreatment unit;

[0009] The mixing unit is connected to the discharge end of the metering unit to mix the pre-treated and metered solid waste materials. The mixing unit includes a mixing drum, a stirring device and a lifting device located inside the mixing drum. The stirring device includes a first stirring shaft and a second stirring shaft located below and perpendicular to it. The first stirring shaft drives the material to diffuse toward the drum wall, and the second stirring shaft drives the material to converge toward the center, forming a three-dimensional shear flow field. The lifting device continuously lifts the material from the bottom of the mixing drum to the top and disperses it downward, impacting the lightweight EPS particles on the surface, forcing the formation of a vertical convection circulation.

[0010] The control unit, the pre-processing unit, the metering unit and the mixing unit are all controlled and connected to the control unit.

[0011] This multi-stage dynamic composite excitation solid waste roadbed filler processing device, by setting up a pre-treatment unit to perform graded treatment on solid waste materials, can effectively solve problems such as unrefined calcium carbide slag and silica fume agglomerates, incomplete removal of oversized particles in excavated waste, and ungraded EPS particles, thereby improving material adaptability. The metering unit is connected to the pre-treatment unit to improve the accuracy of material ratios and reduce errors. In the mixing unit, the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft form a three-dimensional shear flow field, which, together with the vertical convection circulation formed by the lifting device, can effectively solve problems such as easy floating of EPS particles and insufficient reaction of binders caused by density differences in multi-phase materials, making the filler strength more stable and the distribution more uniform. The control unit realizes the coordinated control of each unit, improves the degree of automation of the device, and improves the overall processing quality and efficiency of solid waste roadbed fillers.

[0012] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit also includes a crushing device installed at the front end of the screening device, which is used to crush the carbide slag, silica fume agglomerates or excavated spoil with particle size exceeding the standard;

[0013] The crushing device includes a frame, a fixed cone fixed to the frame, and a movable cone swingably arranged in the fixed cone. The movable cone includes a main shaft, a vertebral body arranged on the side wall of the main shaft, and a driver that drives the main shaft to rotate eccentrically. The vertebral body and the inner wall of the fixed cone enclose a gradual crushing chamber.

[0014] The vertebral body adopts a split structure, including a fixed cone fixedly connected to the main shaft and a crushing cone that can be detachably installed on the outside of the fixed cone. The crushing cone has a variety of thickness types. By replacing the crushing cones of different thicknesses, the gap in the crushing chamber can be adjusted.

[0015] The pre-treatment unit has been equipped with a crushing device that can crush excessive-size calcium carbide slag, silica fume aggregates, or excavated soil, further refining the material to ensure that the particle size of the material subsequently processed meets the requirements and improve material compatibility. The crushing device utilizes a fixed cone and a swingable movable cone structure. The split design of the movable cone includes a fixed cone and a removable crushing cone. By adjusting the crushing chamber gap by replacing the crushing cone with different thicknesses, the crushing device's adjustability is enhanced, adapting to the crushing needs of materials of different particle sizes and solving the problem of poor adjustability of existing crushing devices.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall of the crushing cone and the inner wall of the fixed cone are both provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the outer wall of the crushing cone and the inner wall of the fixed cone are both provided with spiral ridges to guide the material to spiral down along the crushing cavity and extend the crushing path.

[0017] A wear-resistant coating is applied to the outer and inner surfaces of the crushing cone, extending the life of the crushing unit and reducing equipment failures and repair costs due to wear. Spiral ridges guide the material downward along the crushing chamber, extending the crushing path and achieving more complete and uniform crushing, enhancing the crushing effect and further ensuring that the material particle size meets the requirements of subsequent processing.

[0018] Furthermore, the screening device is provided with multiple groups, each group of screening devices is specially adapted to screen carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil and EPS particles, and each group of screening devices can screen out materials that meet the requirements: the particle size of excavated soil must be less than 20mm; EPS particles must be screened into two groups with particle sizes of 2-3mm and 3-5mm.

[0019] The screening device includes a box, a sieve plate and a vibrator; the sieve plate is arranged in an inclined state in the box, and the vibrator is connected to the sieve plate to drive the sieve plate to vibrate;

[0020] Multiple sieve plates can be set in the same box, and the apertures of the sieve plates are different.

[0021] Multiple screening devices are used to screen carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil, and EPS particles, respectively. This provides greater targeting and ensures that each material is accurately screened, resolving the problem of insufficient targeting in existing screening systems. Excavated soil is screened for materials with a particle size of less than 20mm, while EPS particles are screened into two groups of 2-3mm and 3-5mm, effectively improving the adaptability of the materials. Multiple sieve plates with different apertures are installed in the box, allowing for multi-stage screening at once, improving screening efficiency. The tilted sieve plates, combined with the vibrator, can speed up material screening and enhance screening effectiveness.

[0022] Furthermore, the screening device also includes a cleaning mechanism, and an oversized particle discharge port is opened on the side wall of the box body; the cleaning mechanism is arranged at the connection between the lower end of the inclined direction of the screen plate and the box body, and multiple cleaning mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the screen plate;

[0023] The cleaning mechanism is used to push the oversized particles that have rolled down to the lower inclined end of the screen plate and make them flow toward the oversized particle discharge port to prevent the oversized particles from accumulating on the screen plate.

[0024] The cleaning mechanism specifically includes a trapezoidal push frame and an electric motor, which is connected to the trapezoidal push frame for driving the trapezoidal push frame to rotate; an overflow port is opened on the inner side of the trapezoidal push frame, the aperture of the overflow port is equal to the aperture of the sieve hole of the sieve plate, and the slope of the outer waist of the trapezoidal push frame is adapted to the inclination degree of the sieve plate.

[0025] The screening device is equipped with a cleaning mechanism that pushes oversized materials that have fallen to the lower slope of the screen plate toward the oversized particle discharge port, effectively preventing oversized materials from accumulating on the screen plate, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the screening device and improving screening efficiency. The trapezoidal pusher design, with the slope of its outer waist adapted to the tilt of the screen plate, can better fit the screen plate to push materials. The inner overflow port aperture is equal to the screen plate aperture, minimizing the possibility of normal-sized materials being accidentally pushed and ensuring screening accuracy.

[0026] Furthermore, the metering unit includes a weighing device, which includes an annular weighing frame and a metering cylinder arranged in the annular weighing frame.

[0027] The weighing device of the metering unit adopts a ring weighing frame and a metering cylinder, which can accurately measure the weight of the pre-treated materials and improve the accuracy of the material ratio.

[0028] Furthermore, the metering unit further includes a volume metering device, and the volume metering device includes a material level sensor mounted on the metering cylinder.

[0029] The metering unit adds a volume metering device, which measures the volume of the material through the material level sensor, realizing weight-volume linkage metering. Especially for EPS particles, it solves the problem of lack of accurate volume measurement, further improves the metering accuracy, reduces the ratio error, and makes the material ratio more in line with the design requirements.

[0030] Furthermore, a first conical distributor is provided at the opening of the mixing barrel, and a plurality of stirring blades distributed in a spiral shape and rotating in opposite directions are installed on both sides of the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft;

[0031] The material lifting device is a spiral material lifting machine, and a second conical material distributor is provided at the upper opening of the material lifting device.

[0032] The first conical distributor at the mixing drum opening evenly disperses incoming material, preventing accumulation in a single area and ensuring more uniform subsequent mixing. Spirally arranged, counter-rotating blades on either side of the first and second stirring shafts enhance the mixing effect, further promoting the formation of a three-dimensional shear flow field and improving mixing uniformity. The material lifting device utilizes a spiral feeder, with a second conical distributor above it redistributing the lifted material evenly, enhancing vertical convection circulation and ensuring a more complete mixing of the EPS particles with other materials.

[0033] A multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment method, applied to a treatment device, comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, preprocessing stage:

[0035] Carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil and EPS particles are processed separately, and the screening device is used to screen out the materials that meet the requirements: the particle size of the excavated soil is less than 20mm; EPS particles are screened into two groups of 2-3mm and 3-5mm;

[0036] Crush carbide slag, silica fume aggregates or excavated soil with particle size exceeding the standard, and adjust the crushing cavity gap by replacing crushing cones of different thicknesses to meet subsequent processing requirements;

[0037] S2, measurement stage:

[0038] Each first screw conveyor transports the screened material to the corresponding metering unit, and uses a ring weighing frame and a metering cylinder to weigh and measure the pre-treated material. At the same time, a material level sensor is used to measure the volume to ensure the accuracy of the material ratio.

[0039] S3, mixing stage:

[0040] Each second screw conveyor conveys the metered material to the mixing unit, and the material falls into the first conical distributor and enters the mixing barrel after being distributed; the first stirring shaft drives the material to move toward the outer wall of the mixing barrel, and the second stirring shaft drives the material to move toward the center of the mixing barrel;

[0041] The spiral feeder lifts the material at the bottom of the mixing drum to the top and redistributes it through the second conical distributor to form a multi-stage compound mixing;

[0042] S4, control stage:

[0043] The control unit automatically adjusts the operating status of the pretreatment unit, metering unit and mixing unit according to preset parameters.

[0044] This multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment method processes and crushes different solid waste materials separately in the pretreatment stage to ensure that the material particle size meets the requirements and improve the material adaptability. The metering stage adopts a combination of weighing and volume measurement to improve the accuracy of material ratio. In the mixing stage, the synergistic effect of the first stirring shaft, the second stirring shaft and the lifting device form a three-dimensional shear flow field and vertical convection circulation, which solves the problem of uneven mixing of multi-phase materials. The control stage realizes automatic adjustment of each unit, improving the degree of automation. The overall method can effectively improve the quality of solid waste roadbed filler, making the filler strength more stable and the distribution more uniform.

[0045] Furthermore, in S2, each metering unit performs separate metering corresponding to carbide slag, silica fume, excavated spoil and EPS particles;

[0046] In S3, the following sub-steps are also included:

[0047] S3.1. EPS particle mixing: Mix two groups of EPS particles with particle sizes of 2-3 mm and 3-5 mm in a volume ratio of 6:4;

[0048] S3.2 Pre-coating: Pre-treat the EPS particles mixed in S3.1 using a slurry coating method. Use a 10% EVA emulsion as a modifier, mix magnesium oxide and cement in a mass ratio of 4:6 to form a composite coating material. The total amount of the composite coating material is 5 times the mass of the EPS particles.

[0049] S3.3, dry material mixing: add carbide slag, silica fume and excavated soil into the mixing drum and mix thoroughly;

[0050] S3.4. Prepare a fluidized filler: Add sodium silicate and water into a mixing drum, controlling the mass ratio of carbide slag: silica fume: sodium silicate in the mixing drum to be 0.52:0.35:0.13, so that the carbide slag, silica fume, and sodium silicate react to form a binder;

[0051] S3.5. Prepare lightweight fluidized filler: Add EPS particles pre-coated in S3.2 into the mixing drum and mix well to form lightweight fluidized filler.

[0052] Each material is individually metered during the metering phase, further ensuring accurate measurement and reducing ratio errors. During the mixing phase, EPS particles are mixed proportionally, pre-coated, and the dry material is mixed in stages to prepare the fluidized filler and lightweight fluidized filler. This specifically addresses issues such as EPS particles' tendency to float and insufficient binder reaction. This ensures more complete mixing of EPS particles with other materials and a more complete binder reaction, further enhancing the strength and stability of the lightweight fluidized filler and reducing strength fluctuations.

[0053] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0054] The core challenge of uneven mixing of lightweight EPS particles with other high-density materials has been effectively overcome during the mixing process. In the mixing unit, the first and second stirring shafts are arranged perpendicularly, with blades rotating in opposite directions. This creates a three-dimensional shear flow field that breaks down the stratification caused by density differences. A lifting device lifts the material from the bottom to the top, dispersing it and causing it to fall, creating a vertical convection circulation that directly impacts the floating EPS particles, forcing them to be evenly distributed throughout the material. This significantly reduces the EPS particle floatation rate and improves mixing uniformity. This effectively solves the problem of existing single-stage mixing, which lacks effective convection circulation and results in extremely poor mixing uniformity. This ensures consistent performance across all filler components, reduces strength fluctuations, and enhances the stability and bearing capacity of the roadbed.

[0055] At the same time, the pretreatment unit uses a crushing device to refine the calcium carbide slag and silica fume agglomerates, and a screening device to remove oversized particles from the excavated soil and classify the EPS particles, solving the problem of incomplete material treatment in the pretreatment stage affecting the quality of the filler, providing more adaptable materials for the subsequent mixing link, and further improving the mixing effect and the overall quality of the filler.

[0056] Furthermore, the metering system breaks through the limitations of traditional metering methods. The combination of a weighing device and a volumetric metering device enables weight-volume linkage metering, particularly for EPS particles. This solves the problem of relying solely on weight measurement for binder and insufficient measurement of EPS particles, significantly improving material ratio accuracy and reducing filler quality issues caused by ratio errors.

[0057] Furthermore, the control unit enables coordinated control of all units, increasing the device's automation, reducing human error, and improving processing efficiency. Overall, this device and method effectively address key issues such as pretreatment, metering, and mixing during the conversion of solid waste into roadbed filler, promoting the resource utilization of solid waste while alleviating sand and gravel shortages and high carbon emissions from construction projects, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 A connection diagram for illustrating a schematic embodiment of a multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic embodiment of a crushing device according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram for illustrating a schematic embodiment of a crushing device in a cutaway state according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4A cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic embodiment of a screening device according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram for illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the screening device of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a weighing device according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic embodiment of a mixing unit according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram for illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the mixing unit of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating a process of a schematic implementation method of a multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment method of the present invention.

[0067] List of parts and reference numerals:

[0068] 01. Pretreatment unit; 02. Metering unit; 03. Mixing unit; 1. Screening device; 11. Box; 111. Oversize particle discharge port; 12. Screen plate; 13. Vibrator; 14. Cleaning mechanism; 141. Trapezoidal pusher; 1411. Overflow port; 142. Motor; 2. Mixing cylinder; 21. Stirring device; 211. First stirring shaft; 212. Second stirring shaft; 213. Stirring blade; 2 2. Lifting device; 3. Crushing device; 31. Frame; 32. Fixed cone; 33. Moving cone; 331. Main shaft; 332. Cone; 3321. Fixed cone; 3322. Crushing cone; 3323. Spiral rib; 333. Driver; 34. Crushing chamber; 4. Weighing device; 41. Annular weighing frame; 42. Measuring cylinder; 5. Volume measuring device; 6. First conical distributor; 7. Second conical distributor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] It should be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up, down, front and back in the embodiments of the present invention are merely relative concepts or are based on the normal use state of the product, that is, the direction of movement of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.

[0071] In addition, it should be noted that the dynamic terms such as "relative motion" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention not only refer to changes in position, but also include movements such as rotation and rolling in which there is no relative change in position but the state changes.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "located on" or "disposed on" another component, it can be on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0073] like Figures 1 to 9 The device and method for treating solid waste roadbed filler using a multi-stage dynamic composite vibration system are shown. This device is used to treat solid waste materials such as carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil, and EPS particles. The device consists of a pretreatment unit 01, a metering unit 02, a mixing unit 03, and a control unit. The discharge end of pretreatment unit 01 is connected to metering unit 02, which in turn is connected to mixing unit 03. The control unit is connected to each of these three units, achieving coordinated operation.

[0074] 1. Preprocessing unit 01:

[0075] The pre-processing unit 01 is responsible for the classification and processing of solid waste materials, and includes a crushing device 3 and a screening device 1 . The crushing device 3 is installed at the front end of the screening device 1 .

[0076] Crushing device 3: It consists of a frame 31, a fixed cone 32, and a movable cone 33. The fixed cone 32 is fixed to the frame 31, and the movable cone 33 is arranged inside the fixed cone 32 and can swing. The movable cone 33 includes a main shaft 331, a vertebral body 332, and a driver 333. The driver 333 is used to drive the main shaft 331 to rotate eccentrically. The vertebral body 332 adopts a split structure, divided into a fixed cone 3321 and a crushing cone 3322. The fixed cone 3321 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 331, and the crushing cone 3322 is detachably mounted on the outside of the fixed cone 3321. By replacing the crushing cone 3322 with different thicknesses, the gap between the crushing chamber 34 formed by the vertebral body 332 and the inner wall of the fixed cone 32 can be adjusted to adapt to the crushing of calcium carbide slag, silica fume agglomerates, or excavated waste of different particle sizes. The outer wall of the crushing cone 3322 and the inner wall of the fixed cone 32 are both provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the surfaces of both are provided with spiral ridges 3323. These ridges can guide the material to spiral downward along the crushing chamber 34, extending the crushing path of the material in the crushing chamber 34.

[0077] Screening device 1: Multiple groups are provided, each specifically screening carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil, and EPS particles. Each screening device 1 group comprises a housing 11, a sieve plate 12, and a vibrator 13. The sieve plate 12 is installed in an inclined position within the housing 11. The vibrator 13 is connected to the sieve plate 12 and drives the sieve plate 12 to vibrate. Multiple sieve plates 12 can be installed within the same housing 11, and each sieve plate 12 has a different aperture. The screening device 1 can screen out materials that meet the requirements for different materials: for excavated soil, materials with a particle size less than 20 mm are screened out; for EPS particles, two groups of materials with particle sizes of 2-3 mm and 3-5 mm are screened out. An oversized particle discharge port 111 is provided on the side wall of the housing 11. At the connection between the lower end of the inclined sieve plate 12 and the housing 11, multiple cleaning mechanisms 14 are spaced along the extension of the sieve plate 12. The cleaning mechanism 14 is used to push the oversized particles that have rolled down to the lower inclined end of the sieve plate 12 toward the oversized particle discharge port 111, thereby preventing the oversized particles from accumulating on the sieve plate 12. The cleaning mechanism 14 specifically includes a trapezoidal push frame 141 and a motor 142. The motor 142 is in transmission connection with the trapezoidal push frame 141 and is used to drive the trapezoidal push frame 141 to rotate. An overflow port 1411 is provided on the inner side of the trapezoidal push frame 141. The aperture of the overflow port 1411 is equal to the aperture of the sieve plate 12, and the slope of the outer waist of the trapezoidal push frame 141 is adapted to the inclination of the sieve plate 12.

[0078] 2. Measuring unit 02:

[0079] The metering unit 02 is connected to the discharge end of the pretreatment unit 01 and includes a weighing device 4 and a volume metering device 5 .

[0080] The weighing device 4 is composed of an annular weighing frame 41 and a metering drum 42. The metering drum 42 is arranged in the annular weighing frame 41 and is used to weigh and measure the pre-treated material.

[0081] Volume metering device 5: includes a material level sensor, which is installed on the metering cylinder 42 and is used to measure the volume of the material, realize weight-volume linkage measurement of the material, improve measurement accuracy, especially for EPS particles.

[0082] 3. Mixing Unit 03:

[0083] The mixing unit 03 is connected to the discharge end of the metering unit 02 and is used to mix the pre-treated and metered solid waste materials. It includes a mixing cylinder 2, a stirring device 21 and a lifting device 22.

[0084] Mixing barrel 2: A first conical distributor 6 is provided at its opening for distributing the materials entering the mixing barrel 2.

[0085] The stirring device 21 is located within the mixing drum 2 and includes a first stirring shaft 211 and a second stirring shaft 212. The second stirring shaft 212 is located below and perpendicular to the first stirring shaft 211. A plurality of stirring blades 213 are mounted on both sides of the first and second stirring shafts 211, 212, and are arranged in a spiral pattern and rotate in opposite directions. The first stirring shaft 211 drives the material to diffuse toward the wall of the mixing drum 2, while the second stirring shaft 212 drives the material to converge toward the center of the mixing drum 2, thereby forming a three-dimensional shear flow field.

[0086] Lifting device 22: This is a spiral elevator installed within mixing drum 2. It continuously lifts material from the bottom of mixing drum 2 to the top, where it disperses and falls, impacting the lightweight EPS particles on the surface and forcing vertical convection circulation. A second conical distributor 7 is located at the upper opening of the spiral elevator to redistribute the lifted material.

[0087] 4. Control unit:

[0088] The control unit is respectively connected to the pre-processing unit 01, the metering unit 02 and the mixing unit 03, and can automatically adjust the operating status of these units according to preset parameters, thereby achieving coordinated work of each unit and improving the degree of automation of the device.

[0089] The processing method steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0090] 1. Preprocessing stage:

[0091] Carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil, and EPS particles are processed separately. Carbide slag, silica fume aggregates, or excavated soil with particle sizes exceeding the specified limits are crushed using the crushing device 3. The clearance in the crushing chamber 34 is adjusted by replacing crushing cones 3322 with different thicknesses to meet subsequent processing requirements. The screening device 1 then separates the materials that meet the requirements: ensuring that the excavated soil particle size is less than 20 mm; and separating the EPS particles into two groups: 2-3 mm and 3-5 mm.

[0092] 2. Measurement stage:

[0093] Each primary screw conveyor delivers the screened material to the corresponding metering unit 02. A ring-shaped weighing rack 41 and metering cylinder 42 are used to weigh the pre-treated material. A level sensor also measures volume to ensure accurate material proportioning. Each metering unit 02 separately measures carbide slag, silica fume, excavated spoil, and EPS particles.

[0094] 3. Mixing stage:

[0095] Each second screw conveying device conveys the metered material to the mixing unit 03, and the material falls into the first conical distributor 6 and enters the mixing barrel 2 after being distributed.

[0096] 1. First, mix two groups of EPS particles with particle sizes of 2-3mm and 3-5mm in a volume ratio of 6:4.

[0097] 2. The mixed EPS particles were pretreated by the slurry coating method. EVA emulsion with a concentration of 10% was used as a modifier. Magnesium oxide and cement were mixed in a mass ratio of 4:6 to form a composite coating material. The total amount of the composite coating material was 5 times the mass of the EPS particles.

[0098] 3. Add carbide slag, silica fume and excavated soil into the mixing barrel 2 and mix them thoroughly.

[0099] 4. Add sodium silicate and water into the mixing barrel 2, and control the mass ratio of carbide slag: silica fume: sodium silicate in the mixing barrel 2 to be 0.52:0.35:0.13, so that the carbide slag, silica fume and sodium silicate react to form a binder.

[0100] 5. Add the pre-coated EPS particles into the mixing barrel 2 and mix them evenly to form a lightweight fluidized filler.

[0101] 6. During the entire mixing process, the first stirring shaft 211 drives the material to move toward the outer wall of the mixing barrel 2, and the second stirring shaft 212 drives the material to move toward the center of the mixing barrel 2; at the same time, the spiral feeder lifts the material at the bottom of the mixing barrel 2 to the top and redistributes it through the second conical distributor 7, forming a multi-stage compound mixing.

[0102] 4. Control stage:

[0103] The control unit automatically adjusts the operating status of the pre-processing unit 01, metering unit 02 and mixing unit 03 according to the preset parameters to ensure that each link is carried out in accordance with the set requirements.

[0104] The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler processing device and method of this embodiment is intended to achieve efficient pretreatment, precise metering and uniform mixing of solid waste materials such as carbide slag, silica ash, excavated soil and EPS particles through the coordinated operation of various units, and ultimately convert them into high-quality roadbed fillers.

[0105] 1. Overall collaborative architecture of the device:

[0106] The control unit serves as the core hub of the device, connecting pretreatment unit 01, metering unit 02, and mixing unit 03 in sequence. Each unit interacts through signal transmission and control instructions, forming a closed-loop process of "pretreatment-metering-mixing." The control unit collects operating data from each unit in real time and dynamically adjusts parameters to ensure that the material processing process is fully adapted to the material's characteristics.

[0107] 2. Collaborative processing mechanism of pre-processing unit 01:

[0108] As the first link in the processing flow, pretreatment unit 01 undertakes the key task of material refinement and classification. Its core lies in the precise coordination of crushing and screening.

[0109] The crushing device 3 adopts an adaptive design according to the characteristics of different materials: for easily agglomerated binders such as calcium carbide slag and silica fume, by replacing the crushing cones 3322 of different thicknesses and adjusting the gap in the crushing chamber 34, the agglomerates are guided by the spiral ridges 3323 and spiral downward along the crushing chamber 34 and are repeatedly squeezed, thereby achieving gradient refinement of the agglomerates and avoiding loss of material activity caused by excessive crushing; for oversized particles in the excavated waste soil, the swinging impact of the fixed cone 32 and the moving cone 33 is utilized, and the wear-resistant layer is used to reduce equipment loss, ensuring that the oversized particles are crushed to a screenable range.

[0110] Screening device 1 utilizes a specialized "one material, one screen" processing mode: For excavated soil, the vibration of the inclined screen plate 12 forces particles meeting the required size to pass through the sieve holes. Oversized particles, driven by gravity and vibration, gather toward the lower end of the screen plate 12. At this point, the trapezoidal pusher 141 of the cleaning mechanism 14 rotates with the motor, its outer waist adapted to the inclination of the screen plate 12, steadily pushing oversized particles to the discharge port. The internal overflow port 1411 prevents normal-sized particles from being accidentally pushed, ensuring screening continuity. For EPS particles, the graded vibration of multiple layers of screen plates 12 with different apertures separates 2-3mm and 3-5mm particles from their corresponding sieve layers, achieving a single-device, dual-stage separation of EPS particles. The high-frequency vibration of the fine-aperture screen plate 12 removes impurities from carbide slag and silica fume, breaking up small aggregates and paving the way for subsequent metering and mixing.

[0111] The synergy between crushing and screening is reflected in the following: the crushed material directly enters the corresponding screening device 1 through the conveying structure, and the control unit automatically adjusts the excitation frequency of the screening device 1 according to the particle size distribution of the crushed material - if the proportion of fine particles in the crushed material is high, the excitation frequency is reduced to avoid material splashing caused by excessive vibration; if there are more oversized particles remaining, the frequency is increased to enhance the screening force, forming a dynamic match of "crushing accuracy-screening intensity".

[0112] 3. Accurate proportioning logic of metering unit 02:

[0113] Metering unit 02 receives the pre-treated materials and, through the linkage measurement of weight and volume, breaks through the limitations of traditional single metering methods and achieves precise proportioning of multi-phase materials.

[0114] The annular weighing frame 41 of the weighing device 4 cooperates with the metering cylinder 42 to capture the weight changes of the material in real time, especially for binders such as calcium carbide slag and silica fume, and ensures their stable feeding amount through continuous weighing feedback; the material level sensor of the volume metering device 5 focuses on lightweight materials such as EPS particles. By monitoring the material level height in the metering cylinder 42, the volume is calculated based on the shape of the cylinder wall, and then linked with the weighing data to form a three-dimensional verification mechanism of "weight-volume-density" - when the density of EPS particles fluctuates due to morphological differences, the control unit will correct the weight measurement value according to the volume data.

[0115] The design of a separate metering channel for each material is the key to accurate proportioning: carbide slag, silica ash, excavated soil and EPS particles enter independent metering modules respectively, and the control unit synchronously adjusts the material conveying speed of each module according to the preset ratio. For example, when the volume measurement of EPS particles shows that the amount of its delivery is slightly low, the operation of the corresponding conveying structure will be automatically accelerated, and the metering speed of the binder will be fine-tuned to ensure that the overall ratio is always within the set range, solving the common problem of "insufficient light material and excessive heavy material" in traditional mixing. In addition, the required volume of solid waste materials can also be set in advance according to the ratio. When the measured value of the weighing device 4 reaches the set data, the material delivery to the weighing device 4 is stopped. After the material in the weighing device 4 is transported to the mixing barrel 2, the next material delivery is carried out.

[0116] 4. Multi-dimensional flow field mixing principle of mixing unit 03:

[0117] Mixing unit 03, as the core of the processing flow, solves the problem of uneven mixing of multiphase materials caused by density differences by constructing a three-dimensional shear flow field and vertical convection circulation.

[0118] After entering the mixing drum 2, the material is first dispersed by the first conical distributor 6 to prevent local accumulation. The first agitator shaft 211 rotates horizontally, with its spiral blades rotating in opposite directions on either side pushing the material toward the drum wall, causing heavy excavated soil and binder to move toward the edges. A second agitator shaft 212, located below and arranged vertically, uses its oppositely rotating blades to drive the material toward the center, forming a horizontal "diffusion-convergence" cycle. This creates a shear field within the drum, breaking down the stratification caused by density differences.

[0119] The spiral structure of the lifting device 22 continuously lifts the material from the bottom of the mixing drum 2 to the top. After being dispersed by the second conical distributor 7, it falls and impacts the EPS particles floating on the surface, forcing the lightweight particles to move to the bottom, forming a vertical convection circulation. This combined flow field of "horizontal shear + vertical convection" ensures that the EPS particles are fully in contact with the binder and excavated soil, avoiding the problems of EPS particles floating and insufficient binder coverage in traditional single-stage mixing.

[0120] During the mixing process, the control unit dynamically adjusts the stirring intensity according to the material mixing state: in the initial material dispersion stage, the stirring shaft speed is increased to enhance the shear effect; in the later binder reaction stage, the speed is reduced and the feeding device 22 is kept running continuously to ensure sufficient reaction and the material structure is not destroyed by excessive shearing, and finally a roadbed filler with uniform strength is formed.

[0121] 5. Process coordination of treatment methods:

[0122] The processing method progresses through four stages: "pretreatment-metering-mixing-control", and data intercommunication and parameter linkage are achieved through the control unit in each stage.

[0123] During the pretreatment stage, differentiated treatment strategies are formulated based on the characteristics of different materials: carbide slag and silica fume are crushed and refined before entering the fine screen, excavated soil is crushed and entered into the coarse screen, EPS particles are directly entered into the grading screen, and the cleaning mechanism 14 simultaneously removes oversized materials to ensure that the materials entering the metering link meet the ratio requirements.

[0124] During the metering stage, the control unit automatically sets the metering parameters based on the characteristics of the pre-treated material: for binders with stable density, weight measurement is the main method, supplemented by volume measurement; for EPS particles, volume measurement is the core method, and weight data is used to calibrate density deviation to achieve precise metering of "one material, one policy".

[0125] A step-by-step mixing strategy is adopted in the mixing stage: EPS particles of different particle sizes are first pre-mixed in proportion, and then pre-coated with EVA emulsion and composite coating materials to enhance their compatibility with the binder; then dry materials, binder raw materials and water are added in sequence, and the reaction and mixing are promoted through a multi-dimensional flow field. Finally, the pre-coated EPS particles are added to ensure that the lightweight material is evenly dispersed.

[0126] The control unit monitors data at each stage throughout the entire process. When the screening efficiency of the pretreatment decreases, the excitation frequency is automatically increased; when the metering deviation exceeds the threshold, the conveying speed is corrected in real time; when the current feedback of the mixture shows that the material viscosity is abnormal, the stirring and feeding rhythm are adjusted to achieve adaptive optimization of the entire process.

[0127] Through the collaborative design of each unit and the phased optimization of methods, this device effectively solves the problems of poor material adaptability, large ratio errors, and uneven mixing in the treatment of solid waste roadbed fillers, providing an efficient and stable technical solution for the resource utilization of solid waste.

[0128] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device, characterized in that: Solid waste materials include carbide slag, silica fume, excavation spoil and EPS particles. The processing device includes: a pre-processing unit for graded processing of the solid waste material, the pre-processing unit comprising a screening device; A metering unit connected to the discharge end of the pretreatment unit; The mixing unit is connected to the discharge end of the metering unit to mix the pre-treated and metered solid waste materials. The mixing unit includes a mixing drum, a stirring device and a lifting device provided in the mixing drum. The stirring device includes a first stirring shaft and a second stirring shaft located below and perpendicular to the first stirring shaft. The first stirring shaft drives the material to diffuse toward the drum wall, and the second stirring shaft drives the material to converge toward the center, forming a three-dimensional shear flow field. The lifting device continuously lifts the material from the bottom of the mixing drum to the top and disperses it downward, impacting the lightweight EPS particles on the surface, forcing the formation of a vertical convection circulation. A control unit is provided, wherein the pre-processing unit, the metering unit and the mixing unit are all controlled and connected to the control unit.

2. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pre-treatment unit further comprises a crushing device mounted on the front end of the screening device, for crushing carbide slag, silica fume aggregates or excavated spoil with particle sizes exceeding the standard; The crushing device includes a frame, a fixed cone fixed to the frame, and a movable cone swingably arranged in the fixed cone. The movable cone includes a main shaft, a vertebral body arranged on the side wall of the main shaft, and a driver for driving the main shaft to eccentrically rotate. The vertebral body and the inner wall of the fixed cone enclose a gradual crushing chamber. The vertebral body adopts a split structure, including a fixed cone fixedly connected to the main shaft and a crushing cone detachably mounted on the outside of the fixed cone. The crushing cone has a variety of thickness types, and the gap of the crushing chamber can be adjusted by replacing crushing cones of different thicknesses.

3. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the crushing cone and the inner wall of the fixed cone are both provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the outer wall of the crushing cone and the inner wall of the fixed cone are both provided with spiral ridges to guide the material to spiral down along the crushing cavity and extend the crushing path.

4. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening device is provided with multiple groups, each group of screening devices is specially adapted to screen carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil and EPS particles, and each group of screening devices can screen out materials that meet the requirements: the particle size of excavated soil must be less than 20mm; EPS particles must be screened into two groups with particle sizes of 2-3mm and 3-5mm. The screening device includes a box, a sieve plate and a vibrator; the sieve plate is arranged in an inclined state in the box, and the vibrator is connected to the sieve plate to drive the sieve plate to vibrate; A plurality of sieve plates may be arranged in the same box, and the apertures of the sieve plates are different from each other.

5. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The screening device further includes a cleaning mechanism, and a super-sized particle discharge port is provided on the side wall of the box body; the cleaning mechanism is provided at the connection between the lower end of the inclined direction of the sieve plate and the box body, and a plurality of cleaning mechanisms are provided at intervals along the extension direction of the sieve plate; The cleaning mechanism is used to push the oversized particles that have rolled down to the lower inclined end of the screen plate toward the oversized particle discharge port, thereby preventing the oversized particles from accumulating on the screen plate. The cleaning mechanism specifically includes a trapezoidal push frame and an electric motor, which is transmission-connected to the trapezoidal push frame for driving the trapezoidal push frame to rotate; an overflow port is opened on the inner side of the trapezoidal push frame, the aperture of the overflow port is equal to the aperture of the sieve hole of the sieve plate, and the slope of the outer waist of the trapezoidal push frame is adapted to the inclination degree of the sieve plate.

6. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metering unit includes a weighing device, and the weighing device includes an annular weighing frame and a metering cylinder arranged in the annular weighing frame.

7. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metering unit further comprises a volumetric metering device comprising a level sensor mounted to the metering cylinder.

8. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration solid waste roadbed filler treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first conical distributor is provided at the opening of the mixing cylinder, and a plurality of stirring blades are installed on both sides of the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft, which are spirally distributed and rotate in opposite directions; The material lifting device is a spiral material lifting machine, and a second conical material distributor is provided at the upper opening of the material lifting device.

9. A multi-stage dynamic composite vibration method for treating solid waste roadbed filler, applied to the treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, preprocessing stage: Carbide slag, silica fume, excavated soil and EPS particles are processed separately, and the screening device is used to screen out the materials that meet the requirements: the particle size of the excavated soil is less than 20mm; EPS particles are screened into two groups of 2-3mm and 3-5mm; Crush carbide slag, silica fume aggregates or excavated soil with particle size exceeding the standard, and adjust the crushing cavity gap by replacing crushing cones of different thicknesses to meet subsequent processing requirements; S2, measurement stage: Each first screw conveyor transports the screened material to the corresponding metering unit, and uses a ring weighing frame and a metering cylinder to weigh and measure the pre-treated material. At the same time, a material level sensor is used to measure the volume to ensure the accuracy of the material ratio. S3, mixing stage: Each second screw conveyor conveys the metered material to the mixing unit, and the material falls into the first conical distributor and enters the mixing barrel after being distributed; the first stirring shaft drives the material to move toward the outer wall of the mixing barrel, and the second stirring shaft drives the material to move toward the center of the mixing barrel; The spiral feeder lifts the material at the bottom of the mixing drum to the top and redistributes it through the second conical distributor to form a multi-stage compound mixing; S4, control stage: The control unit automatically adjusts the operating status of the pretreatment unit, metering unit and mixing unit according to preset parameters.

10. The multi-stage dynamic composite vibration treatment method for solid waste roadbed filler according to claim 9, characterized in that: In said S2, each metering unit separately measures carbide slag, silica fume, excavated spoil and EPS particles; In said S3, the following sub-steps are also included: S3.

1. EPS particle mixing: Mix two groups of EPS particles with particle sizes of 2-3 mm and 3-5 mm in a volume ratio of 6:4; S3.2 Pre-coating: Pre-treat the EPS particles mixed in S3.1 using a slurry coating method. Use a 10% EVA emulsion as a modifier, mix magnesium oxide and cement in a mass ratio of 4:6 to form a composite coating material. The total amount of the composite coating material is 5 times the mass of the EPS particles. S3.3, dry material mixing: add carbide slag, silica fume and excavated soil into the mixing drum and mix thoroughly; S3.

4. Prepare a fluidized filler: Add sodium silicate and water into a mixing drum, controlling the mass ratio of carbide slag: silica fume: sodium silicate in the mixing drum to be 0.52:0.35:0.13, so that the carbide slag, silica fume, and sodium silicate react to form a binder; S3.

5. Prepare lightweight fluidized filler: Add EPS particles pre-coated in S3.2 into the mixing drum and mix well to form lightweight fluidized filler.

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