Bridge pier anti-collision device and bridge

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge pier anti-collision device and a bridge, and relates to the technical field of bridge protection equipment.The bridge pier anti-collision device comprises an inner buffer layer, a middle buffer layer and an outer buffer layer, and the inner buffer layer is annular and used for being connected to the outer surface of the bridge pier; the middle buffer layer sleeves the outer side of the inner buffer layer, and the inner side of the middle buffer layer is fixedly connected with the outer side of the inner buffer layer; the outer buffer layer is arranged on the outer side of the middle buffer layer in a sleeving mode, the inner side of the outer buffer layer is fixedly connected with the outer side of the middle buffer layer, the bridge pier anti-collision device can cope with complex collision conditions and still has a protection function after being collided, and harm caused by secondary collision is reduced; the bridge comprises the bridge pier anti-collision device, the bridge pier anti-collision device is arranged on the outer side of the bridge pier of the bridge in a sleeving mode, by means of the bridge pier anti-collision device, the damage risk of the bridge pier is reduced, the bridge pier can be better protected, the stability of the bridge is enhanced, and meanwhile the service life of the bridge is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge protection equipment, and in particular to a pier anti-collision device and a bridge. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the transportation industry and the progress of urban modernization, various expressways and viaducts have emerged one after another, and bridge piers can be seen everywhere, often intersecting with expressways. Accidents of vehicles colliding with bridge piers occur from time to time, which not only causes serious damage to the bridge structure, but may also cause casualties and traffic paralysis. In addition, mountainous areas must use bridge piers to build highways and railways, which will also be damaged by falling rocks, causing traffic paralysis and difficult to repair in a short time. At present, the protective effect of existing bridge pier anti-collision devices is limited. A single buffer structure is difficult to cope with complex collision situations (such as multiple collisions or collisions in multiple places). Once damaged after a collision, it no longer has a protective function. If it encounters a second collision, the harm will be even greater. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pier anti-collision device and a bridge, which can cope with complex collision situations, still have a protective function after being hit, reduce the harm of repeated collisions, and solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision device, comprising an inner buffer layer, an intermediate buffer layer and an outer buffer layer, wherein the inner buffer layer is annular and is used to be connected to the outer surface of the bridge pier; the intermediate buffer layer is sleeved on the outside of the inner buffer layer, and the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner buffer layer; the outer buffer layer is sleeved on the outside of the intermediate buffer layer, and the inner side of the outer buffer layer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the intermediate buffer layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, the inner buffer layer includes a plurality of energy-absorbing components distributed along the circumference of the pier, and the energy-absorbing components include a fixed portion and an energy-absorbing portion, one side of the fixed portion is fixedly connected to the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer, and the other side of the fixed portion is provided with a guide structure; one side of the energy-absorbing portion is fixedly connected to the pier, and the other side of the energy-absorbing portion is provided with an energy-absorbing structure, and the energy-absorbing structure is connected to the guide structure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the guide structure includes a sliding section and a sleeve section connected in sequence, and the sliding section is closer to the intermediate buffer layer than the sleeve section; the cross-section of the sliding section gradually increases in the direction away from the sleeve section to form a sliding cone surface for the energy absorbing structure to slide in the circumferential direction of the sliding section; the cross-section of the sleeve section is consistent everywhere, and the sleeve section is transitionally connected to the small head end of the sliding cone surface; the energy absorbing structure is a hollow cylinder with an opening, and the energy absorbing structure is sleeved on the outside of the guide structure through the opening. When impacted, the guide structure can penetrate into the interior of the hollow cylinder so that the open end of the energy absorbing structure can slide along the sleeve section to the sliding cone surface.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hollow cylinder includes a first section of the cylinder and a second section of the cylinder arranged along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder, the second section of the cylinder is connected to the pier, the first section of the cylinder faces the guide structure, and the wall thickness of the first section of the cylinder is smaller than the wall thickness of the second section of the cylinder.

[0009] In some embodiments, the intermediate buffer layer is an annular buffer layer composed of multiple intermediate buffer units, and the intermediate buffer unit includes a shell, a skeleton and a filling structure. The shell is fixedly connected to the inner buffer layer on the side close to the pier, and is fixedly connected to the outer buffer layer on the side away from the pier; the skeleton is fixed to the inside of the shell, and the skeleton can support the inside of the shell; the filling structure fills the inside of the shell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the intermediate buffer unit includes an arc-shaped main body and a first splicing segment and a second splicing segment respectively arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped main body. The first splicing segment and the second splicing segment both protrude from the end of the arc-shaped main body and are arranged symmetrically at 180°. The first splicing segment can be seamlessly spliced ​​with the second splicing segment of another adjacent intermediate buffer unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, the intermediate buffer unit further includes a protrusion and a notch that can cooperate with each other, the first splicing segment is provided with any one of the protrusion and the notch, and the second splicing segment is provided with the other of the protrusion and the notch. When the first splicing segment and the second splicing segment are spliced ​​together, the protrusion can be plugged into the corresponding notch.

[0012] In some embodiments, adjacent intermediate buffer units are further reinforced and connected via parent-child buckles.

[0013] In some embodiments, the outer buffer layer includes a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies protruding from the outer surface of the intermediate buffer layer, the strip-shaped protective bodies are hollow structures, and the surface of the strip-shaped protective bodies away from the pier is a smooth curved surface; any one of the strip-shaped protective bodies is arranged in a ring shape along the circumference of the pier, and multiple strip-shaped protective bodies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pier; or, any one of the strip-shaped protective bodies is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the pier, and multiple strip-shaped protective bodies are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pier.

[0014] The present invention also provides a bridge, comprising the above-mentioned bridge pier anti-collision device, wherein the bridge pier anti-collision device is sleeved on the bridge pier of the bridge.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision device. By providing an inner, intermediate, and outer buffer layer to form a multi-level buffer structure, this device effectively absorbs and disperses impact energy, significantly improving the anti-collision effectiveness of the bridge pier. Furthermore, the multi-level buffer structure formed by the inner, intermediate, and outer buffer layers can withstand multiple impacts and multiple impacts. Even if the outer buffer layer is damaged, the intermediate and inner buffer layers can still provide protection, reducing the damage to the bridge pier caused by subsequent impacts and extending its service life.

[0017] The existing bridge pier anti-collision device adopts a single buffer structure for anti-collision, which has the problems of complex installation, high cost, and high maintenance cost after damage. In some technical solutions provided by the present invention, the bridge pier anti-collision device adopts an assembly unit design. The main body of the bridge pier anti-collision device is assembled by multiple energy-absorbing components, multiple intermediate buffer units and multiple strip-shaped protective bodies. It is easy to install, easy to manufacture, and low in cost. After the bridge pier anti-collision device is damaged, only the damaged structure needs to be maintained and replaced, with low maintenance cost and short maintenance cycle.

[0018] The present invention provides a bridge that adopts the above-mentioned bridge pier anti-collision device, which reduces the damage risk of the bridge pier, can better protect the bridge pier, enhances the stability of the bridge, and extends the service life of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bridge pier anti-collision device after installation in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of the bridge pier anti-collision device after installation in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side view of the bridge pier anti-collision device after installation in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the energy absorbing component in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the deformation process of the energy absorbing component after a collision in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intermediate buffer unit in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mother-and-child buckle in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a strip-shaped protective body installed on the middle buffer layer in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle or motorcycle colliding with the anti-collision device of a bridge pier in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision device after a car collides with a bridge pier in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision device after a large truck collides with a bridge pier in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bridge pier anti-collision device in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bridge pier anti-collision device in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle buffer layer of the bridge pier anti-collision device in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 100-bridge pier anti-collision device; 1-inner buffer layer; 11-energy absorbing part; 111-hollow cylinder; 12-fixing part; 121-sliding section; 122-set section; 2-middle buffer layer; 21-middle buffer unit; 211-shell; 212-skeleton; 213-filling structure; 214-first splicing section; 215-second splicing section; 22-parent and child buckle; 221-child buckle; 222-female buckle; 3-outer buffer layer; 31-strip protective body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pier anti-collision device and a bridge, which can cope with complex collision situations, still have a protective function after being hit, reduce the harm of repeated collisions, and solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following Figures 1 to 15 The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a bridge pier anti-collision device 100, referring to Figures 1 to 3 The bridge pier comprises an inner buffer layer 1, an intermediate buffer layer 2, and an outer buffer layer 3. The inner buffer layer 1 is annular and is connected to the outer surface of the pier. The intermediate buffer layer 2 is fitted onto the outer side of the inner buffer layer 1, with the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer 2 fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner buffer layer 1. The outer buffer layer 3 is fitted onto the outer side of the intermediate buffer layer 2, with the inner side of the outer buffer layer 3 fixedly connected to the outer side of the intermediate buffer layer 2. The multi-level buffer structure formed by the inner buffer layer 1, the intermediate buffer layer 2, and the outer buffer layer 3 effectively absorbs and disperses impact energy, greatly improving the anti-collision effect of the bridge pier. Furthermore, the multi-level buffer structure formed by the inner buffer layer 1, the intermediate buffer layer 2, and the outer buffer layer 3 can withstand multiple impacts and impacts at multiple locations. Even if the outer buffer layer 3 is damaged, the intermediate buffer layer 2 and the inner buffer layer 1 can still play a protective role, reducing the damage caused by subsequent impacts to the bridge pier and extending the service life of the bridge pier.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 3The inner buffer layer 1 includes multiple energy-absorbing components distributed along the circumference of the bridge pier. The energy-absorbing components include a fixing portion 12 and an energy-absorbing portion 11. One side of the fixing portion 12 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer 2, and the other side of the fixing portion 12 is provided with a guide structure. One side of the energy-absorbing portion 11 is fixedly connected to the bridge pier, and the other side of the energy-absorbing portion 11 is provided with an energy-absorbing structure, which is connected to the guide structure. By providing the energy-absorbing components, which include the energy-absorbing structure and the guide structure, the energy-absorbing structure and the guide structure cooperate to absorb impact energy, thereby reducing damage to the bridge pier during an impact. In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing components are fixedly connected to the bridge pier and the intermediate buffer layer 2 respectively via bolts. In other embodiments, the energy-absorbing components can also be fixedly connected to the bridge pier and the intermediate buffer layer 2 by other means such as bonding. In other embodiments, one side of the fixing portion 12 can be fixedly connected to the bridge pier, and one side of the energy-absorbing portion 11 can be fixedly connected to the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer 2.

[0042] In some embodiments, reference Figures 4-5The guide structure includes a sliding section 121 and a sleeve section 122 connected in sequence. The sliding section 121 is closer to the intermediate buffer layer 2 than the sleeve section 122. The cross section of the sliding section 121 gradually increases in the direction away from the sleeve section 122, so as to form a sliding cone surface for the energy absorbing structure to slide in the circumferential direction of the sliding section 121. The cross section of the sleeve section 122 is consistent everywhere, and the sleeve section 122 is transitionally connected with the small head end of the sliding cone surface. The energy absorbing structure is a hollow cylinder 111 with an opening. The energy absorbing structure is sleeved on the outside of the guide structure through the opening. When impacted, the guide structure can penetrate into the interior of the hollow cylinder 111, so that the open end of the energy absorbing structure can slide from the sleeve section 122 to the sliding cone surface. In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing component is made of a metal material. By configuring the energy-absorbing structure as a hollow cylinder 111, when impacted, the hollow cylinder 111 undergoes plastic deformation under the action of an external force as the open end slides along the sleeve section 122 to the sliding cone surface. The guide structure can penetrate deep into the interior of the hollow cylinder 111 to absorb the impact energy. In other embodiments, a cutting slit can be provided on the side wall of the hollow cylinder 111 to assist in the plastic deformation of the hollow cylinder 111. The cutting slit is arranged along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 111 so that when an impact occurs, the hollow cylinder 111 undergoes plastic deformation and slides along the sliding cone surface. In this embodiment, the sleeve section 122 is a cylinder, the sliding section 121 is a frustum, and the area of ​​the small end of the sliding section 121 is consistent with the area of ​​the sleeve section 122. In other embodiments, the sleeve segment 122 can be a prism, the sliding segment 121 a truncated pyramid, and the area of ​​the small end of the sliding segment 121 is the same as that of the sleeve segment 122. In other embodiments, the energy-absorbing structure can be a spring, and collision energy absorption can also be achieved by compressing the spring through a guide structure. In other embodiments, the hollow cylinder 111 can be filled with a shock-absorbing material such as rubber to further buffer and absorb energy while reducing deformation of the hollow cylinder 111, thereby extending the service life of the energy-absorbing component.

[0043] In some embodiments, reference Figures 4-5The hollow cylinder 111 includes a first section and a second section arranged along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 111, the second section is connected to the pier, the first section faces the guide structure, and the wall thickness of the first section is smaller than the wall thickness of the second section. By setting the wall thickness of the first section of the column to be smaller than the wall thickness of the second section of the column, the open end of the hollow column 111 can be more easily deformed to ensure that the sliding section 121 can be smoothly inserted into the hollow column 111 when a collision occurs. At the same time, the root strength of the hollow column 111 can be made higher, so that the deeper the guide structure penetrates into the hollow column 111, the greater the resistance, which can achieve a sufficient energy absorption effect. At the same time, it also avoids the damage to the bridge pier caused by the guide structure directly colliding with the root of the hollow column 111 due to the smaller overall wall thickness of the hollow column 111. In this embodiment, the ratio of the wall thickness of the first section of the column to the wall thickness of the second section of the column is in the range of 0.5:1 to 0.75:1, and the axial length ratio of the first section of the column to the second section of the column is 1.3:1 to 1.7:1.

[0044] In some embodiments, the inner diameters of the first section of the column and the second section of the column are the same. Due to the different thicknesses of the outer walls of the first section of the column and the second section of the column, they can have a smooth transition in the form of an oblique cone, or they can form a diameter change step at the junction. The diameter change step can make the first section of the column more deformable, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption effect of the hollow column 111.

[0045] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 The intermediate buffer layer 2 is an annular buffer layer composed of multiple intermediate buffer units 21. The intermediate buffer units 21 include a shell 211, a skeleton 212, and a filling structure 213. The shell 211 is fixedly connected to the inner buffer layer 1 on the side closest to the pier, and to the outer buffer layer 3 on the side away from the pier. The skeleton 212 is fixed within the shell 211 and supports the interior of the shell 211. The filling structure 213 fills the interior of the shell 211. In this embodiment, four intermediate buffer units 21 are provided. These four intermediate buffer units 21 are generally arc-shaped and are arranged in an annular shape along the circumference of the pier, forming the intermediate buffer layer 2. The skeleton 212 comprises a plurality of semicircular plates, divided into three layers and evenly fixed within the shell 211. The filling structure 213 is composed of foam honeycomb aluminum, evenly distributed within the shell 211. Upon impact, the shell 211, skeleton 212, and the foam honeycomb aluminum absorb collision energy through deformation. After an impact, the affected individual intermediate buffer unit 21 can be replaced for maintenance without replacing the entire intermediate buffer layer 2. This facilitates replacement, shortens maintenance cycles, and reduces maintenance costs. In other embodiments, other numbers of intermediate buffer units 21 may be provided, and intermediate buffer units 21 may be arranged both axially and circumferentially along the pier, further expanding the protection area of ​​the pier anti-collision device 100.

[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 The intermediate buffer unit 21 includes an arc-shaped main body and a first splicing section 214 and a second splicing section 215 respectively provided at both ends of the arc-shaped main body. The first splicing section 214 and the second splicing section 215 both protrude from the ends of the arc-shaped main body and are arranged symmetrically at 180 degrees. The first splicing section 214 can be seamlessly spliced ​​with the second splicing section 215 of another adjacent intermediate buffer unit 21. By providing the first splicing section 214 and the second splicing section 215 protruding from the ends of the arc-shaped main body, the first splicing section 214 and the second splicing section 215 of another adjacent intermediate buffer unit 21 are seamlessly spliced. The first splicing section 214 and the second splicing section 215 are used to limit the intermediate buffer unit 21, thereby ensuring the stability of the intermediate buffer unit 21 after the splicing and installation is completed. In this embodiment, the first splicing section 214 and the second splicing section 215 are both rectangular. In some other embodiments, the first splicing section 214 and the second splicing section 215 can also be other shapes such as triangles.

[0047] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 The intermediate buffer unit 21 also includes protrusions and notches that can cooperate with each other. The first splicing segment 214 is provided with any one of the protrusions and notches, and the second splicing segment 215 is provided with the other of the protrusions and notches. When the first splicing segment 214 and the second splicing segment 215 are spliced ​​together, the protrusions can be inserted into the corresponding notches. Specifically, the first splicing segment 214 and the second splicing segment 215 are both tooth-like structures arranged axially along the arc-shaped body. The first splicing segment 214 is provided with at least one protrusion or notch, and the second splicing segment 215 is provided with at least one notch or protrusion. The protrusions can be rectangular, triangular, or other shapes. The protrusions and notches are both provided on the splicing surfaces of the first splicing segment 214 and the second splicing segment 215 along the circumferential direction of the intermediate buffer unit 21. In this embodiment, the first splicing section 214 is provided with two notches, and the second splicing section 215 is provided with two protrusions. The installation is convenient through the concave-convex connection of the notches and the protrusions. At the same time, it can avoid the misalignment of the two adjacent intermediate buffer units 21 in the circumferential direction after the splicing is completed, and can ensure the stability of the intermediate buffer unit 21 after installation.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figures 7-8, the adjacent intermediate buffer units 21 are also reinforced and connected by the parent-child buckles 22. By setting the parent-child buckles 22 to reinforce the connection, the intermediate buffer units 21 are fastened by the parent-child buckles 22 after they are assembled, so as to avoid the intermediate buffer units 21 from accidentally falling off or shifting. Specifically, the parent-child buckles 22 include a sub-buckle 221 and a mother buckle 222. The sub-buckle 221 and the mother buckle 222 are respectively arranged on two adjacent intermediate buffer units 21. After the two intermediate buffer units 21 are assembled, the sub-buckle 221 and the mother buckle 222 are fastened. The parent-child buckle 22 is a prior art and will not be described here. When the intermediate buffer unit 21 needs maintenance, the parent-child buckle 22 is opened, and the corresponding damaged intermediate buffer unit 21 can be replaced. There is no need to replace the intermediate buffer layer 2 as a whole. The maintenance cycle is short and the maintenance cost is low.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 3 , the outer buffer layer 3 includes a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies 31 protruding from the outer surface of the middle buffer layer 2. The strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are hollow structures, and the surface of the strip-shaped protective bodies 31 away from the pier is a smooth curved surface; any strip-shaped protective body 31 is arranged in a ring shape along the circumference of the pier, and a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pier; or, any strip-shaped protective body 31 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the pier, and a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pier. In this embodiment, a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the pier, and a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pier. In the event of a collision, since the strip-shaped protective body 31 is a hollow structure, the surface of the strip-shaped protective body 31 is concave to absorb collision energy. Specifically, refer to Figure 9 The strip-shaped guard body 31 is equipped with multiple mounting plates near the pier, each with a through-hole. The strip-shaped guard body 31 is bolted to the shell 211 of the intermediate buffer layer 2 via the mounting plate bolts. When maintenance is required, individual strip-shaped guard bodies 31 can be removed and replaced. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped guard body 31 is a thin-walled hollow structure, preferably a semi-cylinder with a radius of 10 cm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The intermediate buffer layer 2 has a total thickness of 10 cm, the shell 211 has a wall thickness of 5 mm, and the semi-circular plate of the skeleton 212 is 2 mm thick. The interior is evenly filled with a foam honeycomb aluminum material.

[0050] refer to Figure 10 When an electric vehicle or motorcycle hits a bridge pier, the strip-shaped protective body 31 of the outer buffer layer 3 of the bridge pier anti-collision device 100 is damaged and deformed. At this time, the middle buffer layer 2 and the inner buffer layer 1 are not deformed or damaged, and only the outer buffer layer 3 needs to be replaced and maintained.

[0051] refer to Figure 11When a car hits a bridge pier, the outer buffer layer 3 of the bridge pier anti-collision device 100 is damaged, and the shell 211, skeleton 212, and filling structure 213 of the middle buffer layer 2 are squeezed and deformed. The inner buffer layer 1 is not deformed or damaged. Only the corresponding middle buffer unit 21 and part of the strip protective body 31 of the outer buffer layer 3 need to be replaced and maintained.

[0052] refer to Figure 12 When a large truck hits a bridge pier, the outer buffer layer 3 of the bridge pier anti-collision device 100 is damaged, the shell 211, skeleton 212, and filling structure 213 of the middle buffer layer 2 are squeezed and deformed, and part of the energy-absorbing device of the inner buffer layer 1 is compressed by the impact, which protects the bridge pier from damage to the greatest extent. Only the energy-absorbing components of the inner buffer layer 1 in the corresponding area, the corresponding middle buffer unit 21, and part of the strip protective body 31 of the outer buffer layer 3 need to be replaced and maintained.

[0053] After the pier anti-collision device 100 is installed on the bridge piers in the mountainous area where rockfall is frequent, the first batch of falling rocks hits the strip-shaped protective body 31 of the outer buffer layer 3. When the rocks are small or few in number, the deformation of the strip-shaped protective body 31 is sufficient to absorb their impact energy and cause them to turn and bounce away, and other structures do not play a role. When the subsequent falling rocks are large or numerous, or the mountainous area is not discovered and repaired in time, the strip-shaped protective body 31 may no longer play a role when encountering subsequent falling rocks. The middle buffer layer 2 can still provide sufficient energy absorption capacity to protect the bridge piers from damage.

[0054] The pier anti-collision device 100 provided in this embodiment is not only suitable for piers with a circular cross-section. When the cross-section of the pier is square or elliptical, the intermediate buffer unit 21 of the intermediate buffer layer 2 can be set to a planar structure or a right-angle structure to adapt to the shape of the pier, and the strip-shaped protective body 31 of the outer buffer layer 3 should be set to an appropriate size so that when a collision occurs, the impactor will not hit the four corners of the pier anti-collision device 100 and cause unnecessary damage to the impactor or the pier anti-collision device 100.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment mainly lies in the structure of the outer buffer layer 3. Figure 13 In this embodiment, the outer buffer structure includes multiple strip-shaped protective bodies 31. Each strip-shaped protective body 31 is arranged in a circular pattern along the circumference of the pier, and multiple strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the pier. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped protective bodies 31 are annular structures with a semicircular cross-section, a radius of 10 cm, and a wall thickness of 3 mm.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment mainly lies in the structure of the outer buffer layer 3. Figure 14 In this embodiment, the outer buffer structure includes multiple hollow hemispherical shields, evenly spaced along the circumference and axial direction of the pier. The hemispherical shields have a radius of 10 cm and a wall thickness of 3 mm.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment mainly lies in the structure of the intermediate buffer layer 2. Figure 15 In this embodiment, the intermediate buffer layer 2 comprises a shell 211, a framework 212, and a filling structure 213. The framework 212 comprises multiple strip-shaped metal tubes staggered along the circumference of the pier, while the filling structure 213 comprises porous spherical metal foam. The intermediate buffer layer 2 is 10 cm thick, with the strip-shaped metal tubes having a diameter of 2.5 cm and a thickness of 2 mm. The interior of the shell 211 is evenly filled with porous spherical metal foam.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] The present invention also provides a bridge, comprising any one of the pier anti-collision devices 100 of embodiments one to four. The pier anti-collision device 100 is fixed on the piers of the bridge, reducing the risk of damage to the piers, better protecting the piers, enhancing the stability of the bridge, and extending the service life of the bridge.

[0063] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge pier anti-collision device, characterized by: include: an inner buffer layer, the inner buffer layer being annular and used for connecting to the outer surface of the pier; an intermediate buffer layer, which is sleeved on the outer side of the inner buffer layer, and the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner buffer layer; and The outer buffer layer is sleeved on the outer side of the middle buffer layer, and the inner side of the outer buffer layer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the middle buffer layer.

2. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner buffer layer includes a plurality of energy absorbing components distributed along the circumference of the pier, and the energy absorbing components include: a fixing portion, one side of which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the intermediate buffer layer, and the other side of which is provided with a guide structure; and An energy absorbing part, one side of which is fixedly connected to the bridge pier, and an energy absorbing structure is provided on the other side of the energy absorbing part, and the energy absorbing structure is connected to the guide structure.

3. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide structure includes a sliding section and a sleeve section connected in sequence, wherein the sliding section is closer to the intermediate buffer layer than the sleeve section; the cross section of the sliding section gradually increases in a direction away from the sleeve section, so as to form a sliding cone surface in the circumferential direction of the sliding section for the energy absorbing structure to slide; the cross section of the sleeve section is consistent at all locations, and the sleeve section is transitionally connected to the small end of the sliding cone surface; The energy absorbing structure is a hollow cylinder with an opening, and the energy absorbing structure is sleeved on the outside of the guide structure through the opening. When impacted, the guide structure can penetrate into the interior of the hollow cylinder so that the open end of the energy absorbing structure can slide along the sleeve section to the sliding cone surface.

4. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hollow cylinder includes a first section and a second section arranged along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder, the second section is connected to the pier, the first section faces the guide structure, and the wall thickness of the first section is smaller than the wall thickness of the second section.

5. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The intermediate buffer layer is an annular buffer layer composed of a plurality of intermediate buffer units, and the intermediate buffer unit includes: a shell, wherein a side of the shell close to the bridge pier is fixedly connected to the inner buffer layer, and a side of the shell away from the bridge pier is fixedly connected to the outer buffer layer; a frame fixed inside the shell, the frame being capable of supporting the inside of the shell; and A filling structure is filled in the shell.

6. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intermediate buffer unit includes an arc-shaped main body and a first splicing segment and a second splicing segment respectively arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped main body. The first splicing segment and the second splicing segment both protrude from the ends of the arc-shaped main body and are arranged symmetrically at 180°. The first splicing segment can be seamlessly spliced ​​with the second splicing segment of another adjacent intermediate buffer unit.

7. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intermediate buffer unit also includes a protrusion and a notch that can cooperate with each other. The first splicing segment is provided with any one of the protrusion and the notch, and the second splicing segment is provided with the other of the protrusion and the notch. When the first splicing segment and the second splicing segment are spliced ​​together, the protrusion can be plugged into the corresponding notch.

8. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Adjacent intermediate buffer units are further reinforced and connected via parent-child buckles.

9. The bridge pier anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer buffer layer includes a plurality of strip-shaped protective bodies protruding from the outer surface of the middle buffer layer. The strip-shaped protective bodies are hollow structures, and the surface of the strip-shaped protective bodies away from the bridge pier is a smooth curved surface. Any of the strip-shaped protective bodies is arranged in a ring shape along the circumference of the bridge pier, and a plurality of the strip-shaped protective bodies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the bridge pier; Alternatively, any one of the strip-shaped protective bodies is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the bridge pier, and a plurality of the strip-shaped protective bodies are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the bridge pier.

10. A bridge, characterized in that: include: The bridge pier anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is mounted on the bridge pier of the bridge.

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