Stepped chambering mechanism and crawler-type chambering and hoisting integrated device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation chambering, and discloses a stepped chambering mechanism and a crawler-type chambering and hoisting integrated device. The stepped chambering mechanism comprises a bearing column, a rotating part, a cutting part and an abutting part; the pair of rotating parts is connected to the bearing column in an up-down distributed manner; the cutting part comprises a tool rest, a telescopic piece, a tool apron and a cutting edge. The tool rest is connected with the rotating part arranged on the lower side. The telescopic piece is provided with a fixed end connected with the knife rest and a telescopic end; one end of the tool apron is connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic piece, and the other end of the tool apron is step-shaped; the multiple cutting edges are fixed to the side wall of the protruding part of the stepped end face of the tool apron in a one-to-one correspondence mode; the abutting part comprises a lifting assembly and an abutting seat, and the lifting assembly is connected with the rotating part arranged on the upper side; the abutting seat is connected with the lifting assembly, and a stepped notch is formed in the lower end face of the abutting seat; by means of the method, continuous cutting construction of the stepped expansion structure can be achieved at a time, and damage to the formed stepped structure on the upper portion is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation hole enlargement, in particular to a stepped hole enlargement mechanism and a crawler-type hole enlargement and hoisting integrated device. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of power transmission and transformation line foundation, in order to improve the bearing capacity of tower foundation, the traditional pile foundation well is generally designed as follows: Figure 1 The frustum-shaped enlarged structure shown utilizes the conical surface of the frustum-shaped enlarged structure to increase the contact area with the soil and increase the pull-out bearing capacity, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the tower base.

[0003] With the development of technology and the improvement of the requirements for foundation bearing capacity, the expansion structure in the pile foundation well has changed from a truncated cone expansion structure to a stepped expansion structure, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the stepped expansion structure can form multiple independent shear surfaces through the multi-step design. When each step contacts the soil, it can trigger an independent shear failure mechanism, thereby superimposing and improving the pull-out resistance. In addition, the stepped expansion structure disperses the load through multiple steps, which can also reduce the stress concentration at the pile end and reduce the risk of long-term settlement.

[0004] Although the stepped expansion structure has a stronger bearing capacity, there is currently a lack of a dedicated hole-reaming construction device for the stepped expansion structure. The hole-reaming mechanism used in the past usually consists of a horizontally retractable cutter bar and a vertical drilling drive mechanism, which realizes the cutting and reaming operation while rotating downward and extending horizontally. As a result, most of the processed structures are frustum-shaped expansion structures. For example, the patent publication number of our company's previous research and development is CN115012827B, and the patent name is an invention patent for a pile foundation well hole-reaming device. The hole-reaming and cutting operation is performed by setting a variable diameter cutting mechanism composed of an electric push rod and a cutter bar. If you want to realize the construction of a stepped expansion structure, you need to adjust the cutting path and cut in a layered and gradually expanding manner from top to bottom. After cutting the previous layer, you need to retract the cutter bar into the pile foundation well, and then use the lifting mechanism to adjust the vertical position of the cutter bar to move it to the next layer, and then extend the cutter bar for cutting. This method requires frequent positioning detection and adjustment of the position of the tool rod. The upper formed stepped structure will produce cracks or even partial collapse due to the vibration of the tool rod's telescopic movement, affecting the pull-out bearing capacity. At the same time, as the electric push rod drives the tool rod to extend further, the resistance generated by the cutting of the extended part of the electric push rod will gradually increase, and the telescopic rod part of the electric push rod will be subjected to excessive force and deformed, resulting in a decrease in positioning accuracy, making it difficult to meet construction requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stepped hole expansion mechanism and a crawler-type hole expansion and lifting integrated device to solve the problems of the existing hole expansion mechanism in the process of cutting the stepped expansion structure, which easily damages the upper formed stepped structure and the telescopic parts are deformed due to excessive force as the telescopic length increases.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: A stepped hole-reaming mechanism comprises a supporting column, a rotating part, a cutting part and an abutting part; the rotating part has a pair and is connected to the supporting column in an upper and lower distributed manner; the cutting part comprises a tool holder, a telescopic member, a tool seat and a cutting edge, the tool holder is connected to the rotating part arranged at the lower side, and the tool holder rotates around the supporting column under the drive of the rotating part; the telescopic member has a fixed end connected to the tool holder and a telescopic end with an adjustable telescopic distance; one end of the tool seat is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and the other end of the tool seat is stepped, and the length increases from top to bottom; there are multiple cutting edges, the number of which is the same as the number of protrusions on the stepped end face of the tool seat The number of parts is the same, and each of the cutting edges is fixedly connected to the side wall of the protruding part of the stepped end face of the tool holder in a one-to-one correspondence; the abutment part includes a lifting assembly and an abutment seat, and the lifting assembly is connected to the rotating part arranged on the upper side and rotates synchronously with the tool holder; the abutment seat is connected to the lifting assembly and is located above the tool holder, and the width of the abutment seat is greater than the width of the tool holder, and the lower end face of the abutment seat is provided with a stepped groove matching the stepped end face of the tool holder. When the hole expansion is started, the stepped end face of the tool holder shrinks in the stepped groove, and the side wall of the tool holder facing away from the cutting edge abuts against the inner wall of the stepped groove.

[0007] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the rotating part includes a swivel support seat and a rotating drive disk, the swivel support seat is connected to the bearing column, the rotating drive disk is rotatably connected to the swivel support seat, the rotating drive disks in the upper and lower rotating parts are fixedly connected by a connecting column, the lower end of the connecting column passes through the rotating drive disk located on the lower side and is fixedly connected to the tool holder, the upper end face of the rotating drive disk located on the upper side is fixedly connected to an annular support platform, and the lifting assembly is connected to the annular support platform.

[0008] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, there are multiple connecting columns, which are evenly distributed around the supporting column.

[0009] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the abutment seat is slidably connected to the multiple connecting columns through a sliding connection member, and the sliding connection member includes a plurality of connecting plates, which are stacked up and down and slide through the multiple connecting columns, and the side walls of the abutment seat are fixed to the plurality of connecting plates.

[0010] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, there are at least two groups of tool holders and telescopic members, which are arranged longitudinally along the supporting column, each tool holder is fixed to the connecting column, and the telescopic end of each telescopic member is fixed to the tool seat.

[0011] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the abutment portion also includes a plurality of abutment support assemblies, which are arranged one by one along the step surface of the stepped groove, and the abutment support assembly includes an abutment rod and a linear moving member; the abutment rod is slidably connected in the strip mounting groove, and the strip mounting groove is vertically opened on the step surface of the stepped groove, and the bottom of the abutment rod is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the telescopic end of the telescopic member; the linear moving member is arranged in the strip mounting groove, and the output end of the linear moving member is connected to the abutment rod for driving the abutment rod to slide longitudinally along the strip mounting groove.

[0012] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the linear moving part includes an electromagnet and a limiting structure; the electromagnet is fixed on the inner top surface of the strip mounting groove, and the material of the abutment rod is ferromagnetic material; the limiting structure includes a limiting rod and a limiting slide groove, the limiting slide groove is vertically opened on the side wall of the abutment rod, the limiting rod is horizontally arranged, and one end of the limiting rod is fixed to the inner wall of the strip mounting groove, and the other end of the limiting rod is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove.

[0013] Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, a buffer protection layer is provided on the top groove surface of the card slot.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a crawler-type hole-reaming and hoisting integrated device, including a boom arranged on a crawler-type mobile body, and also includes the above-mentioned stepped hole-reaming mechanism, the top of the bearing column in the stepped hole-reaming mechanism is connected to the end of the boom.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting the end face of the tool holder with the cutting edge into a stepped shape, a stepped cutting process can be formed. Each cutting edge can be adjusted with the elongation of the telescopic part to achieve a one-time cutting process of the stepped expansion structure. There is no need to adjust the positioning back and forth in the vertical direction and control the extension and contraction of the tool rod back and forth in the horizontal direction. On the basis of realizing the continuous operation of the hole expansion construction, the damage to the upper formed stepped structure is reduced.

[0016] 2. The abutment portion provided can provide abutment support to the rotating tool holder during the cutting process, disperse the reaction force generated by the cutting, and avoid deformation and damage caused by excessive force on the telescopic end of a single telescopic part and affect the construction accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the truncated cone-shaped expansion structure set in the pile foundation well.

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the stepped expansion structure set up in the pile foundation well.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cutting portion in a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial positions of multiple abutment support components in a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of multiple abutment support components in a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first movement stage.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of multiple abutment support components in a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention in the second movement stage.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of multiple abutment support components in a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention in the third movement stage.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an abutment rod in a stepped hole expansion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a crawler-type integrated hole expansion and lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 The figure shows the comparison of the uplift load-displacement curves of the truncated cone-shaped enlarged structure and the stepped enlarged structure.

[0029] Description of reference numerals: 1. Load-bearing column; 2. Rotating part; 31. Tool holder; 32. Telescopic part; 33. Tool holder; 34. Cutting edge; 35. Scraper plate; 41. Lifting assembly; 411. Drive motor; 412. Screw rod; 413. Internal threaded sleeve; 42. Abutment seat; 421. Step notch; 5. Annular support platform; 6. Sliding connector; 71. Abutment rod; 711. Slot; 72. Strip mounting groove; 73. Electromagnet; 74. Limit rod; 75. Limit slide; 76. Buffer protection layer; 8. Lifting ear; 91. Centering support structure; 92. Slag scoop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following combination Figures 3 to 12 , a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is provided. In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; and in the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0032] Example 1 like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stepped hole expanding mechanism, comprising a supporting column 1, a rotating portion 2, a cutting portion and an abutting portion.

[0033] Among them, there is a pair of rotating parts 2, which are distributed up and down and connected to the supporting column 1. The rotating part 2 located on the lower side serves as the power source of the cutting part to drive the cutting part to rotate and realize the circumferential cutting process.

[0034] The cutting section is composed of a tool holder 31, a telescopic member 32, a tool seat 33, and a cutting edge 34. The tool holder 31 serves as the supporting base component of the cutting section and is connected to the rotating member 2 disposed on the lower side. Driven by the rotating member 2, the tool holder 31 rotates around the supporting column 1. The telescopic member 32 serves as the power source for driving the tool seat 33 and the cutting edge 34 to move radially along the hole wall for hole expansion and cutting. The telescopic member 32 has a fixed end connected to the tool holder 31 and a telescopic end with an adjustable telescopic distance. In specific implementation, the telescopic member 32 can be selected from any of a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, and an electric push rod to drive the tool seat 33 to move telescopically according to the construction geological conditions. The tool seat 33 serves as a carrier for the cutting edge 34, which is also an improvement of the present invention. Compared with the traditional straight rod-shaped tool holder, the present invention arranges the end face of the tool holder 33 provided with the cutting edge 34 in a stepped shape, which facilitates one-time cutting and expanding to form a stepped expansion structure. The back end of the tool holder 33 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32. There are multiple cutting edges 34 as hole-reaming cutting edges, and the number is the same as the number of the stepped end face protrusions of the tool holder 33. Each cutting edge 34 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the stepped end face protrusion of the tool holder 33 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that a stepped cutting process can be formed. Each cutting edge 34 can be adjusted with the elongation feed of the telescopic member 32 to achieve a one-time cutting process of the stepped expansion structure, without the need to adjust the positioning back and forth in the vertical direction and control the extension and retraction of the tool rod back and forth in the horizontal direction. On the basis of increasing the continuous operation of the construction, the damage to the upper formed stepped structure is reduced.

[0035] Among them, considering that during the reaming operation, the tool holder 31 rotates around the supporting column 1 under the drive of the rotating part 2, and during the rotation of the tool holder 31, the tool holder 33 and the cutting edge 34 are driven by the telescopic part 32 to move radially along the hole wall to perform step-type reaming cutting, the resistance encountered is relatively large, which can easily cause a reaction force on the telescopic end of the telescopic part 32 to cause it to deform. Therefore, during the cutting process, the tool holder 33 is abutted and supported to bear part of the reaction force for the telescopic part 32 to avoid damage to the telescopic part 32 due to excessive force, and an abutment portion is provided. Specifically, the abutment portion includes a lifting assembly 41 and an abutment seat 42. The lifting assembly 41 is connected to the rotating part 2 arranged on the upper side, and the two rotating parts 2 rotate synchronously during operation, thereby driving the lifting assembly 41 to rotate synchronously with the tool holder 31. The abutment seat 42 serves as the contact part with the tool holder 33 and plays an abutment and support role during the cutting process. The abutment seat 42 is connected to the lifting assembly 41 and is located above the tool holder 33. The width of the abutment seat 42 is greater than the width of the tool holder 33. The lower end face of the abutment seat 42 is provided with a stepped groove 421 that matches the stepped end face of the tool holder 33. When the hole expansion is started, the stepped end face of the tool holder 33 shrinks in the stepped groove 421, and the side wall of the tool holder 33 facing away from the cutting edge 34 abuts against the inner wall of the stepped groove 421.

[0036] During the reaming operation, the abutment seat 42 is provided to provide abutment support for the tool holder 33, distributing the reaction force generated by cutting and preventing deformation and damage caused by excessive force on the telescopic end of the single telescopic member 32. During the step-type reaming process, the lifting assembly 41 first drives the abutment seat 42 to rise a step height, and then the telescopic member 32 drives the tool holder 33 and cutting edge 34 to move horizontally a step width, and the cycle continues in sequence, thereby achieving a step-type feed cutting process. During the rising process, the abutment seat 42 maintains abutment with the tool holder 33, distributing the reaction force.

[0037] Specifically, as an optional embodiment of the rotating part 2, the rotating part 2 in this embodiment includes a swivel support seat and a rotating drive disk 21. The swivel support seat is connected to the supporting column 1, and the rotating drive disk 21 is rotatably connected to the swivel support seat. The rotating drive disk 21 can rotate around the swivel support seat. The rotating drive disks 21 in the upper and lower rotating parts 2 are fixedly connected by a connecting column 22 to maintain synchronous rotation. The lower end of the connecting column 22 passes through the rotating drive disk 21 located on the lower side and is fixedly connected to the tool holder 31. The upper end face of the rotating drive disk 21 located on the upper side is fixedly connected to the annular support platform 5, and the lifting assembly 41 is connected to the annular support platform 5.

[0038] Furthermore, as an optimization scheme for the specific embodiment of the above-mentioned rotating part 2, in order to improve the connection strength and torsional strength, a plurality of connecting columns 22 are provided, which are evenly distributed around the supporting column 1, and the rotating drive disk 21 and the tool holder 31 are fixed together as a whole using a plurality of connecting columns 22. The evenly distributed connecting columns 22 make the rotating drive disk 21 drive the tool holder 31 to rotate with more uniform force.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to improve the connection strength of the abutment seat 42 so that it can withstand the abutment reaction force while the abutment seat 42 and the tool holder 31 are kept in synchronous rotation during the rotation of the rotating drive disk 21 through the lifting assembly 41, the abutment seat 42 is slidably connected to the multiple connecting columns 22 through a sliding connection 6. The sliding connection 6 includes a plurality of connecting plates, which are stacked up and down and slide through the multiple connecting columns 22. The side walls of the abutment seat 42 are fixed to the plurality of connecting plates. The presence of the plurality of connecting plates can not only synchronously drive the abutment seat 42 to rotate during the rotation of the multiple connecting columns 22, but also can move along the longitudinal direction of the multiple connecting columns 22 under the drive of the lifting assembly 41.

[0040] Specifically, as an optional embodiment of the lifting component 41, Figure 3As shown, the lifting assembly 41 in this embodiment includes a drive motor 411, a screw rod 412 and an internal threaded sleeve 413. The drive motor 411 is mounted and fixed on the top of the annular support platform 5, the internal threaded sleeve 413 is fixed to the side walls of several connecting plates, one end of the screw rod 412 is connected to the drive motor 411, and the other end of the screw rod 412 passes through the annular support platform 5 and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve 413. When the abutment seat 42 is lifted and lowered by the lifting assembly 41, the screw rod 412 is rotated by the drive motor 411. During the rotation of the screw rod 412, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion through cooperation with the internal threaded sleeve 413, thereby driving the several connecting plates to move longitudinally along the multiple connecting columns 22. During the movement of the several connecting plates, the abutment seat 42 is synchronously driven to be lifted and lowered.

[0041] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, there are at least two groups of tool holders 31 and telescopic parts 32, which are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the supporting column 1. Each tool holder 31 is fixed to the connecting column 22, and the telescopic end of each telescopic part 32 is fixed to the tool seat 33. By increasing the number of tool holders 31 and telescopic parts 32, the connection strength with the tool seat 33 can be improved, and the deformation of the telescopic end of the telescopic part 32 due to concentrated force can be reduced.

[0042] Taking into account that as the horizontal distance of the tool holder 33 increases, the abutment force provided by the abutment seat 42 to the tool holder 33 is continuously reduced due to its gradual rise, in order to achieve compensatory support, the abutment portion is improved and optimized. The abutment portion in this embodiment also includes multiple abutment support components, which are arranged one by one along the step surface of the step groove 421.

[0043] Among them, such as Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the abutment support assembly includes an abutment rod 71 and a linear moving part. The abutment rod 71 is slidably connected in the strip mounting groove 72. The strip mounting groove 72 is vertically opened on the step surface of the step groove 421. The bottom of the abutment rod 71 is provided with a clamping groove 711 for clamping the telescopic end of the telescopic part 32; the linear moving part is arranged in the strip mounting groove 72, and the output end of the linear moving part is connected to the abutment rod 71, which is used to drive the abutment rod 71 to slide longitudinally along the strip mounting groove 72.

[0044] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7When the tool holder 33 is lifted up, the support rod 71 is tightened and the push rod 71 is tightened to the left, thereby preventing the tool holder 33 from being loosened and deformed. Figure 10 As shown, the shape of the top groove surface of the slot 711 matches the shape of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and adopts a U-shape; Figure 8 As shown, as the telescopic member 32 drives the knife seat 33 and the cutting edge 34 to move continuously to the left, the strip mounting groove 72 on the right side that is not folded by the knife seat 33 is exposed more. Therefore, the abutment rods 71 ​​in the multiple abutment support assemblies are extended to abut and support the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32 under the drive of the linear moving member, dispersing the reaction force transmitted by the cutting, and as the extension distance of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32 increases, the number of abutment rods 71 ​​also increases, thereby ensuring the abutment strength and reducing the deformation of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figures 6 to 9 As shown in the figure, as an optional embodiment of the linear moving member, the linear moving member in this embodiment includes an electromagnet 73 and a limiting structure. The electromagnet 73 is fixed to the inner top surface of the strip-shaped mounting groove 72, the abutment rod 71 is made of ferromagnetic material, and the limiting structure includes a limiting rod 74 and a limiting slide 75. The limiting slide 75 is vertically opened on the side wall of the abutment rod 71, and the limiting rod 74 is horizontally arranged, and one end of the limiting rod 74 is fixed to the inner wall of the notch of the strip-shaped mounting groove 72, and the other end of the limiting rod 74 is slidably connected in the limiting slide 75.

[0046] When the lifting mechanism 41 is lifted, the lifting mechanism 41 is lifted and the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted. When the lifting mechanism 41 is lifted, the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted and the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted. When the lifting mechanism 41 is lifted, the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted and the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted. When the lifting mechanism 41 is lifted, the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted and the lifting mechanism 42 is lifted. Figures 6 to 8 As shown, as the extension distance of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32 increases, the number of the abutment rods 71 ​​also increases. When the cutting is completed, the knife seat 33 needs to be withdrawn, refer to Figure 9 As shown, the lifting assembly 41 drives the knife holder 33 to move upward. Due to the existence of the limiting rod 74, the abutment rod 71 will be lifted through the limiting slide groove 75, so that each abutment rod 71 is disengaged from the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32, thereby facilitating the telescopic member 32 to retract the knife holder 33.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to mitigate the impact force generated when the abutment rod 71 falls onto the telescopic end of the telescopic member 32 under the action of gravity, a buffer protection layer 76 is provided on the top groove surface of the card slot 711. The buffer protection layer 76 is made of silicone or rubber material to achieve flexible buffering.

[0048] Below, taking the 100mm pull-out condition as an example, the pull-out bearing capacity of the stepped expansion structure implemented by the present invention and the traditional truncated cone expansion structure are simulated and compared. The simulation process is based on the characteristics of a single soil layer, considering the influence of soil elasticity, large deformation and initial ground stress, and the Mohr Coulomb model is used for simulation. The simulation results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 12 shown.

[0049] Table 1 Comparison of pull-out bearing capacity between truncated cone-shaped enlarged structure and stepped enlarged structure

[0050] From the above, it can be seen that under the working condition of pulling up 100mm, compared with the traditional frustum-shaped expansion structure, the stepped expansion head realized by the present invention can increase the pull-out bearing capacity by 6.76%~10.18%, effectively improving the bearing capacity of the tower base.

[0051] Example 2 The present invention is based on embodiment 1, as Figure 11 As shown, a crawler-type hole-reaming and hoisting integrated device is disclosed, including a boom arranged on a crawler-type mobile body, and also including the above-mentioned stepped hole-reaming mechanism, which is arranged at the end of the boom.

[0052] Specifically, a lifting lug 8 is fixed to the top of the load-bearing column 1 , and is connected to a lifting hook at the end of the boom through the lifting lug 8 .

[0053] The interior of the supporting column 1 is provided with a cavity and a height adjustment mechanism according to needs. The height adjustment mechanism can adopt a screw lifting mechanism, which is connected to the rotary support seat in the two rotating parts 2 through a movable seat. The overall position of the stepped reaming mechanism can be adjusted through the screw lifting mechanism to move to the required reaming position.

[0054] A centering support structure 91 is provided on the bearing column 1. The centering support structure 91 includes three groups of telescopic support arms arranged at an angle of 120° to each other. When performing hole expansion operations, the bearing column 1 is placed into the drilled pile foundation hole through a crane arm. By controlling the three groups of telescopic support arms to expand and contract synchronously and abut against the pile foundation hole wall, the centering support of the bearing column 1 is fixed in the pile foundation hole, making it convenient to use the stepped hole expansion mechanism for hole expansion operations.

[0055] In order to collect the soil debris generated by the cutting of the hole expansion, a slag barrel 92 is fixed at the bottom of the bearing column 1, and a scraper plate 35 is fixed at the bottom of the side wall of the cutter seat 33 on the side where the cutting edge 34 is provided. Before the hole expansion, a reserved collection space is extended below the hole expansion position of the pile foundation well through the drilling equipment. When the hole expansion is completed, the slag barrel 92 can be moved below the hole expansion position, and then the hole expansion is carried out. The scraper plate 35 rotates along with the cutting, and the soil debris generated by the hole expansion is transferred into the slag barrel 92 for collection through the guide surface on the scraper plate 35. After the hole expansion is completed, the bearing column 1 and the slag barrel 92 are lifted out of the pile foundation well, and then the reserved collection space is poured and filled.

[0056] The above disclosures are only several preferred specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepped hole expansion mechanism, characterized in that: include: load-bearing columns; A pair of rotating parts are connected to the supporting column in an upper and lower distributed manner; The cutting portion includes: a tool holder connected to the rotating portion provided at the lower side, the tool holder rotating around the supporting column under the drive of the rotating portion; a telescopic member having a fixed end connected to the tool holder and a telescopic end with an adjustable telescopic distance; a tool holder, one end of which is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member, the other end of which is stepped and increases in length from top to bottom; a plurality of cutting edges, the number of which is the same as the number of the stepped end face protrusions of the tool holder, each of the cutting edges being fixedly connected to the side wall of the stepped end face protrusion of the tool holder in a one-to-one correspondence; The abutment portion includes: a lifting assembly, connected to the rotating portion arranged on the upper side, and synchronously rotated with the tool holder; an abutment seat, connected to the lifting assembly and located above the tool holder, the width of the abutment seat is greater than the width of the tool holder, and the lower end face of the abutment seat is provided with a stepped groove matching the stepped end face of the tool holder. When the hole expansion is started, the stepped end face of the tool holder shrinks in the stepped groove, and the side wall of the tool holder facing away from the cutting edge abuts against the inner wall of the stepped groove.

2. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating part includes a slewing support seat and a slewing driving disk, the slewing support seat is connected to the bearing column, the slewing driving disk is rotatably connected to the slewing support seat, the slewing driving disks in the upper and lower rotating parts are fixedly connected by a connecting column, the lower end of the connecting column passes through the slewing driving disk located on the lower side and is fixedly connected to the tool holder, the upper end surface of the slewing driving disk located on the upper side is fixedly connected to the annular support platform, and the lifting assembly is connected to the annular support platform.

3. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple connecting columns, which are evenly distributed around the supporting column.

4. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The abutment seat is slidably connected to the plurality of connecting columns through a sliding connection member. The sliding connection member includes a plurality of connecting plates. The plurality of connecting plates are stacked up and down and slide through the plurality of connecting columns. The side walls of the abutment seat are fixed to the plurality of connecting plates.

5. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are at least two groups of tool holders and telescopic members, which are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bearing column. Each tool holder is fixed to the connecting column, and the telescopic end of each telescopic member is fixed to the tool seat.

6. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutting portion further includes a plurality of abutting support assemblies, which are arranged one by one along the step surface of the stepped notch, and the abutting support assemblies include: An abutment rod is slidably connected in the strip-shaped mounting groove, wherein the strip-shaped mounting groove is vertically opened on the step surface of the step notch, and a clamping groove for clamping the telescopic end of the telescopic member is opened at the bottom of the abutment rod; The linear moving member is arranged in the strip-shaped installation groove, and the output end of the linear moving member is connected to the abutment rod to drive the abutment rod to slide along the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped installation groove.

7. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linear moving member comprises: an electromagnet fixed on the inner top surface of the strip-shaped mounting groove, wherein the abutting rod is made of ferromagnetic material; The limiting structure includes a limiting rod and a limiting slide groove. The limiting slide groove is vertically opened on the side wall of the abutting rod. The limiting rod is horizontally arranged, and one end of the limiting rod is fixed to the inner wall of the strip mounting groove, and the other end of the limiting rod is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove.

8. The stepped hole expanding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A buffer protection layer is provided on the top groove surface of the card slot.

9. A crawler-type hole-reaming and hoisting integrated device, comprising a boom mounted on a crawler-type mobile body, characterized in that: It also includes the stepped hole expansion mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the top of the supporting column in the stepped hole expansion mechanism is connected to the end of the boom.

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