Waste heat recycling device and method for vertical composting reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat recycling device and method for a vertical composting reactor, the device comprises a reaction bin and a heat preservation gas bin, the heat preservation gas bin is located outside the peripheral side of the reaction bin, and the heat preservation gas bin and the reaction bin are communicated through a gas pipeline; a plurality of spiral guide vanes are arranged on the inner wall of the outer peripheral wall of the heat preservation gas bin and are spiral from the top of the heat preservation gas bin to the bottom of the heat preservation bin, so that the high-temperature moisture-containing waste gas is in contact with the spiral guide vanes for heat exchange, and a trapezoidal water guide groove is formed in the back face of each spiral guide vane in the spiral direction of the spiral guide vane; heat in high-temperature waste gas discharged from the reaction bin can be fully utilized, heat dissipation of the wall of the reactor is reduced, energy consumption of the reactor is effectively reduced, condensate water generated by heat exchange is guided and collected through the trapezoidal water guide grooves, and the condensate water is used for supplementing water during material proportioning, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. And extra water resource consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation equipment, in particular to a waste heat recovery device and method for a vertical composting reactor. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing amount of organic waste generated, aerobic composting has become increasingly popular as an environmentally friendly resource-based treatment and utilization technology. Reactor composting is particularly popular because it allows for the complete collection and treatment of waste gases during composting, has a short treatment cycle, and is highly efficient. Vertical composting reactors are widely used due to their compact structure, high degree of automation, and significant treatment efficiency. However, during operation, the latent heat of water evaporation accounts for over 50% of the biomass heat generated in vertical composting reactors. If this heat is not properly utilized, it not only wastes energy but also affects the overall economic efficiency of the system.

[0003] Existing devices for recovering waste heat from vertical composting reactors use heat exchangers, heat pumps, and air circulation to recover heat from heating the intake air, thermal power generation, and farm heating. Although this can achieve waste heat recovery to a certain extent, due to the high moisture content of the waste gas during the composting process, large heat losses during heat transfer, and unstable heating, the heat exchange efficiency and stability of the heat recovery device that uses waste gas through a heat exchanger to heat the intake air are low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a waste heat recovery device and method for a vertical composting reactor, which can improve the recovery efficiency and stability of waste heat.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor comprises: a reactor chamber, a heat-insulating layer is arranged on the chamber wall of the reactor chamber, the reactor chamber comprises a reaction chamber and a heat-insulating gas chamber; the inner cavity of the reactor chamber serves as the reaction chamber, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber for supplying air into the reaction chamber, and an air outlet is provided at the top; the space between the heat-insulating layer on the chamber wall of the reactor chamber and the inner wall of the reactor chamber serves as the heat-insulating gas chamber, a heat-insulating gas inlet is provided at the top of the heat-insulating gas chamber, and the heat-insulating gas inlet and the air outlet are connected by a gas pipeline The gas pipeline is equipped with a centrifugal fan for drawing the high-temperature humid exhaust gas in the reaction chamber into the insulation gas chamber; a plurality of spiral guide blades are provided on the inner wall of the outer peripheral wall of the insulation gas chamber, spiraling from the top of the insulation gas chamber to the bottom of the insulation gas chamber, so that the high-temperature humid exhaust gas contacts the spiral guide blades for heat exchange, and a trapezoidal water guide groove is provided on the back side of each spiral guide blade along its spiral direction for guiding the condensed water generated by heat exchange; an insulation gas outlet is provided on one side of the bottom of the insulation gas chamber, and a condensed water outlet is provided on the other side.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner circumference of the heat-insulating gas chamber and the outer circumference of the reaction chamber share the same structural wall.

[0008] Furthermore, the spiral angle of the spiral guide blade is 45° to 70°, the number of spiral guide blades arranged in the thermal insulation air silo is 12 to 24, and the multiple spiral backflow blades are divided into two layers, upper and lower, in the thermal insulation air silo, and the multiple spiral backflow blades in each layer are arranged in a circular array with the vertical center axis of the silo as the axis, and the spiral backflow blades arranged in the upper and lower layers are staggered.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the heat-insulating gas bin is configured as an inclined surface, and the side of the bin bottom where the condensed water outlet is opened is the lower end, which is conducive to the outflow of condensed water.

[0010] Furthermore, the condensate outlet is located inside the insulated gas tank and is equipped with a float trap at one end, while the other end is connected to the condensate collection system via a condensate guide pipe. The float trap can automatically drain the condensate and prevent exhaust gas leakage.

[0011] Furthermore, the insulation gas outlet is connected to the exhaust gas duct, which is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device through the exhaust gas duct. The exhaust gas treatment device is filled with gas scrubbing liquid, and the insulation gas is washed by the gas scrubbing liquid and then discharged through the exhaust gas discharge pipe of the exhaust gas treatment device.

[0012] Furthermore, a polyurethane insulation layer is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the thermal insulation air chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, a first temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the insulation air inlet of the insulation air bin, and a second temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the insulation air outlet of the insulation air bin. The sensor model is KS-SHT13AP, and the centrifugal fan is controlled by the PLC central controller.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner and outer walls of the insulated gas silo are sprayed with an anti-corrosion material, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. The exhaust gas duct, float-type steam trap, and condensate diversion pipe are all made of corrosion-resistant materials, such as 306L stainless steel, to resist corrosion from corrosive gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.

[0015] A waste heat recovery method for a vertical composting reactor utilizes the above-mentioned device to recover and utilize high-temperature, humid waste gas, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The high-temperature, humid waste gas generated by composting is discharged through the air outlet on the top of the reaction chamber, pressurized by the centrifugal fan, and then transported into the insulation air chamber through the insulation air inlet of the insulation air chamber;

[0017] The high-temperature humid exhaust gas flows from top to bottom along the 45° to 70° spiral channel formed by the spiral guide blades in the thermal insulation gas bin, and transfers heat to the outer wall of the thermal insulation gas bin through heat exchange with the surface of the spiral blades.

[0018] As the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas flows through the insulated gas silo, water vapor condenses on the surface of the trapezoidal water guide groove on the back of the spiral guide vanes, and the resulting condensed water is discharged from the condensate outlet. The condensed water is then collected along the inclined surface of the silo bottom and directed to the condensate outlet. When the condensate level reaches a preset height, the float-type drain valve automatically opens to drain the water, which is then transported to the condensate collection system for storage through a corrosion-resistant condensate guide pipe. The recovered condensed water is then sprayed back into the compost material through the feed port of the reaction silo to replenish the moisture required for fermentation. The exhaust gas that has completed the heat exchange is discharged from the insulated gas outlet and enters the gas scrubber of the exhaust treatment device from the exhaust gas guide pipe, where it is removed of residual corrosive gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide before meeting emission standards.

[0019] Temperature and humidity sensors at the insulation air inlet and outlet monitor exhaust gas parameters in real time. When the temperature at the insulation air inlet falls below 60°C or the humidity falls below 70%, the PLC central controller automatically reduces the centrifugal fan speed. The parameters of the high-temperature, moist exhaust gas in the reactor chamber are monitored to prevent lower temperatures and humidity from affecting the fermentation process.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The outer surface of the reaction bin of the present invention is provided with an insulating gas bin, and the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas from the reaction bin is collected through the insulating gas bin. A plurality of spiral guide vane structures are provided in the insulating gas bin to exchange heat between the exhaust gas and the wall of the reaction bin, thereby fully utilizing the heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the vertical reactor composting, reducing heat dissipation from the wall, and effectively reducing the energy consumption of the reactor. Compared with traditional waste heat recovery methods, the present invention has a simple structure, high reliability, easy operation, and higher heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the back of each spiral guide vane structure is provided with a trapezoidal water guide groove, which effectively recovers condensed water during the heat exchange process between the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas and the wall of the reaction bin. The recovered condensed water can be used to supplement water when mixing materials, fully recycling waste resources, reducing additional water resource consumption, and having greater economic and environmental value.

[0022] 2. The present invention sets up multiple spiral guide blade structures in the heat-insulating gas bin to exchange heat with the wall of the reaction bin, and effectively recovers condensed water during the heat exchange process. The recovered condensed water can be used to supplement moisture when the materials are proportioned, which fully recycles the waste resources, reduces the additional water consumption, and has more economic and environmental value.

[0023] 3. The present invention uses a float-type steam trap and a corrosion-resistant guide pipe to avoid blockage problems in condensate collection and prevent exhaust gas from corroding the pipeline, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. This device is more durable and reliable and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

[0024] 4. The waste heat recovery system of the present invention is equipped with temperature and humidity sensors at the insulation gas inlet and insulation gas outlet, which can monitor the temperature and humidity of the gas in real time, and automatically control the speed of the centrifugal fan through the PLC central controller, thereby realizing effective management of the composting process and further reducing the energy consumption of the vertical reactor composting operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined structure of the warehouse bottom of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a line graph of the operating temperature of Application Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is the operating temperature line graph of Application Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. reaction chamber, 11. feed port, 12. air outlet, 13. discharge port, 14. air inlet, 15. outer wall of reaction chamber, 2. insulation air chamber, 21. insulation air inlet, 22. spiral guide blades, 221. trapezoidal water guide trough, 23. chamber bottom slope, 24. insulation air outlet, 25. insulation air pipe, 26. centrifugal fan, 27. outer wall of insulation air chamber, 28. insulation layer, 3. condensate collection system, 31. float-type steam trap, 32. condensate outlet, 33. condensate diversion pipe, 4. exhaust gas treatment device, 41. exhaust gas guide pipe, 42. exhaust gas discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following combination Figures 1 to 6, a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is provided. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; and in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0034] Example

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor includes: a reactor chamber, the chamber wall of which is provided with an insulation layer, and the reactor chamber includes a reaction chamber 1 and an insulation gas chamber 2; the inner cavity of the reactor chamber serves as the reaction chamber 1, which serves as the reaction area for waste, an air inlet 14 is provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1 for supplying air to the reactor body, and an air outlet 12 is provided at the top; a material inlet 11 is provided at the top of the reaction chamber 1, and a material outlet 13 is provided at the bottom. The space between the insulation layer on the reactor chamber wall and the inner wall of the reactor chamber is used as an insulation gas chamber 2. An insulation gas inlet 21 is provided on the top of the insulation gas chamber 2. The insulation gas inlet 21 and the gas outlet 12 are connected through a gas pipe 25. A centrifugal fan 26 is provided on the gas pipe 25 to draw the high-temperature humid exhaust gas in the reactor chamber 1 into the insulation gas chamber 2. A plurality of spiral guide blades 22 are provided on the inner wall of the outer peripheral wall 27 of the insulation gas chamber, which spiral from the top of the insulation gas chamber 2 to the bottom of the insulation gas chamber 2 so that the high-temperature humid exhaust gas contacts the spiral guide blades 22 for heat exchange, and as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, a trapezoidal water guide groove 221 is provided on the back side of each spiral guide blade 22 along its spiral direction for guiding the condensed water generated by heat exchange; an insulation air outlet 24 is provided on one side of the bottom of the insulation air bin 2, and a condensed water outlet 32 ​​is provided on the other side.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the inner circumference of the heat-insulating gas chamber 2 and the outer circumference of the reaction chamber 1 share the same structural wall.

[0037] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, in order to improve the efficiency of contact heat exchange of the spiral backflow blades 22, the spiral angle of the spiral guide blades 22 is 45° to 70°, and the number of spiral guide blades 22 provided in the thermal insulation gas bin 2 is 12 to 24. The multiple spiral backflow blades 22 are divided into two layers, upper and lower, in the thermal insulation gas bin 2, and the multiple spiral backflow blades 22 in each layer are arranged in a circular array with the vertical center axis of the bin body as the axis, and the spiral backflow blades 22 provided in the upper and lower layers are staggered.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the heat-insulating gas bin 2 is configured as a slope 23, and the side of the bin bottom where the condensate outlet 32 ​​is opened is the lower end, which is conducive to the outflow of condensate.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the condensate outlet 32 ​​is located inside the insulated air tank 2 and is equipped with a float-type steam trap 31 at one end, and the other end is connected to the condensate collection system 3 through a condensate guide pipe 33. The float-type steam trap 31 can automatically discharge condensate and block exhaust gas leakage.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the insulation gas outlet 24 is connected to the exhaust gas duct 41 and communicates with the exhaust gas treatment device 4 through the exhaust gas duct 41. The exhaust gas treatment device 4 is filled with gas scrubbing liquid. After the insulation gas is scrubbed by the gas scrubbing liquid, it is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge pipe 42 of the exhaust gas treatment device 4.

[0041] In some embodiments, a polyurethane insulation layer 28 is provided on the outer peripheral wall 27 of the insulated air chamber 2. Both the inner and outer walls of the insulated air chamber 2 are spray-coated with an anti-corrosion material, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. The exhaust gas duct 41, the float-type steam trap 31, and the condensate diversion duct 33 are all made of corrosion-resistant materials, such as 306L stainless steel, to resist corrosion from corrosive gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.

[0042] A first temperature and humidity sensor is set at the insulation air inlet 21 of the insulation air warehouse 2, and a second temperature and humidity sensor is set at the insulation air outlet 24 of the insulation air warehouse 2. The sensor model is KS-SHT13AP, and the centrifugal fan 26 is controlled by the PLC central controller.

[0043] A waste heat recovery method for a vertical composting reactor utilizes the above-mentioned device to recover and utilize high-temperature, humid waste gas, comprising the following steps:

[0044] The high-temperature, humid waste gas generated by composting is discharged through the air outlet 12 at the top of the reaction chamber 1, pressurized by the centrifugal fan 26, and then transported into the interior of the heat preservation air chamber 2 through the heat preservation air inlet 21 of the heat preservation air chamber 2;

[0045] The high-temperature humid exhaust gas flows from top to bottom along the 45° to 70° spiral channel formed by the spiral guide blades 22 in the thermal insulation air bin 2, and transfers heat to the outer peripheral wall 27 of the thermal insulation air bin through heat exchange with the surface of the spiral blades 22.

[0046] As the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas flows in the insulated gas silo 2, water vapor condenses on the surface of the trapezoidal water guide groove 221 on the back of the spiral guide blade 22. The formed condensed water flows along the inclined silo bottom slope 23 to the condensed water outlet 32. When the condensed water level reaches a preset height, the float-type steam trap 31 automatically opens to drain water, and the water is transported to the condensed water collection system 3 for storage through the corrosion-resistant condensed water guide pipe 33. The recovered condensed water is used to replenish water when the materials are proportioned through the feed port 11 of the reaction silo 1. The exhaust gas that has completed the heat exchange is discharged from the insulated gas outlet 24 and enters the gas washing liquid of the exhaust treatment device 4 from the exhaust gas guide pipe 41. The residual corrosive gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are removed and then the exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0047] Temperature and humidity sensors at the heat-insulating air inlet 21 and outlet 24 monitor exhaust gas parameters in real time. When the temperature at the heat-insulating air inlet 21 falls below 60°C or the humidity falls below 70%, the PLC central controller 5 automatically reduces the speed of the centrifugal fan 26. This monitoring of the parameters of the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas within the reactor chamber 1 prevents lower temperatures and humidity within the chamber from affecting the fermentation process.

[0048] Application Example 1

[0049] In this example, the raw materials used were cow dung and corn stalks, mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1. The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of the mixed materials was adjusted to 25, and the moisture content was 65%. The fermentation process was a continuous process, with top feeding and bottom discharge every day, and the fermentation cycle was 7 days. Intermittent aeration was used, with aeration of 50 minutes and rest of 10 minutes, and a ventilation rate of 0.15 m / s. 3 / min / m 3 .

[0050] The specific operation process is as follows: ① Mixed feeding, weigh cow dung and corn straw, mix them evenly in a ratio of 3:1, and feed them from the top; ② Fermentation control, after the compost material is loaded into the reaction bin 1, aeration is turned on to allow the material to decompose aerobically; ③ Waste heat recovery, start the waste heat recovery system, and the centrifugal fan 26 draws the high-temperature and humid waste gas at the top of the reaction bin 1 into the wall insulation air bin 2, and fresh air is introduced from the air inlet 14 at the bottom of the reaction bin 1; ④ Real-time control, real-time monitoring of the temperature and humidity of the insulation air inlet 21 and the insulation air outlet 24. When it is detected that the temperature of the insulation air inlet 21 is lower than 60°C or the humidity is lower than 70%, the PLC central controller automatically reduces the speed of the centrifugal fan 26; ⑤ Index measurement, record the material temperature every day, measure the moisture content, moisture content and seed germination index (GI value) of the daily discharge and calculate the operating energy consumption.

[0051] Application Example 2

[0052] The vertical reactor of this embodiment is equipped with a waste heat recovery device. The composting method is based on the embodiment and application example 1, and the composting raw materials are chicken manure and fungus residue.

[0053] Comparative Example 1: The vertical reactor is not equipped with a waste heat recovery device. The composting method is based on the embodiment and application example 1, and the composting raw materials are cow dung and corn straw.

[0054] Comparative Example 2: The vertical reactor is equipped with a waste heat recovery device. The waste heat recovery device is operated but the exhaust is not automatically adjusted. The composting method is based on the embodiment and application example 1. The composting raw materials are cow dung and corn straw.

[0055] Comparative Example 3: The vertical reactor is not equipped with a waste heat recovery device. The composting method is based on the embodiment and application example 1, and the composting raw materials are chicken manure and fungus residue.

[0056] Comparative Example 4: The vertical reactor is equipped with a waste heat recovery device. The waste heat recovery device is operated but the exhaust is not automatically adjusted. The composting method is based on the embodiment and application example 1, and the composting raw materials are chicken manure and mushroom residue.

[0057] The test results of Application Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are analyzed as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the highest temperature in Application Example 1 reached 70.4°C, higher than that in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. As shown in Table 1, the output moisture content of Application Example 1 was low, the GI value was high, and the specific energy consumption was the lowest, demonstrating the advantages of the heat recovery device. The output moisture content of Application Example 1 was 34.37%, significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 1 (41.36%); the GI value was 84.28%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 (79.34%). The lowest operating energy consumption of Application Example 1 was 37.33 kW·h / t, significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 1 (46.68 kW·h / t) and Comparative Example 2 (41.57 kW·h / t).

[0058] The test results of Application Example 2, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 are analyzed as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the highest temperature in Application Example 2 reached 72.1°C, higher than that in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. As shown in Table 1, the output moisture content of Application Example 2 was lower, the GI value was higher, and the specific energy consumption was the lowest, demonstrating the advantages of the heat recovery device. The output moisture content of Application Example 2 was 33.67%, significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 3 (41.54%); the GI value was 78.05%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 3 (71.21%). The lowest operating energy consumption in Application Example 2 was 35.47 kW·h / t, significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 3 (45.51 kW·h / t) and Comparative Example 4 (39.44 kW·h / t).

[0059] Table 1 Test results

[0060]

[0061] The above disclosures are only several preferred specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor, comprising: A reactor chamber, wherein a heat-insulating layer is provided on the chamber wall of the reactor chamber, and wherein the reactor chamber comprises a reaction chamber (1) and a heat-insulating gas chamber (2); The inner cavity of the reactor chamber serves as a reaction chamber (1), an air inlet (14) is provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber (1) for supplying air into the reaction chamber (1), and an air outlet (12) is provided at the top; The space between the insulation layer on the reactor chamber wall and the inner wall of the reactor chamber serves as an insulation gas chamber (2). An insulation gas inlet (21) is provided on the top of the insulation gas chamber (2). The insulation gas inlet (21) and the gas outlet (12) are connected via a gas pipeline (25). A centrifugal fan (26) is provided on the gas pipeline (25) for pumping the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas in the reactor chamber (1) into the insulation gas chamber (2). The inner wall of the outer peripheral wall (27) of the insulation gas chamber A plurality of spiral guide blades (22) are provided on the heat preservation gas bin (2), spiraling from the top of the heat preservation gas bin (2) to the bottom of the heat preservation gas bin (2), so that the high-temperature humid exhaust gas contacts the spiral guide blades (22) for heat exchange, and a trapezoidal water guide groove (221) is provided on the back side of each spiral guide blade (22) along its spiral direction for guiding condensed water generated by heat exchange; a heat preservation gas outlet (24) is provided on one side of the bottom of the heat preservation gas bin (2), and a condensed water outlet (32) is provided on the other side.

2. A waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral angle of the spiral guide blade (22) is 45° to 70°, the number of the spiral guide blades (22) provided in the heat-insulating air silo (2) is 12 to 24, the plurality of spiral reverse flow blades (22) are divided into two layers, upper and lower, in the heat-insulating air silo (2), and the plurality of spiral reverse flow blades (22) in each layer are arranged in a circular array with the vertical central axis of the silo as the axis, and the spiral reverse flow blades (22) provided in the upper and lower layers are staggered.

3. The waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the heat-insulating gas bin (2) is configured as an inclined surface (23), and the side of the bin bottom where the condensed water outlet (32) is provided is the lower end.

4. A waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The condensate outlet (32) is located inside the heat-insulating air chamber (2), and one end is provided with a float-type drain valve (31), while the other end is connected to the condensate collection system (3) through a condensate guide pipe (33).

5. The waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat preservation gas outlet (24) is connected to the exhaust gas duct (41) and communicates with the tail gas treatment device (4) through the exhaust gas duct (41).

6. The waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A polyurethane insulation layer (28) is provided on the outer peripheral wall (27) of the heat-insulating air chamber.

7. The waste heat recovery device for a vertical composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the heat preservation air inlet (21) of the heat preservation air bin (2), and a second temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the heat preservation air outlet (24) of the heat preservation air bin (2).

8. A method for recycling waste heat in a vertical composting reactor, characterized in that: Recycling high-temperature, wet waste gas using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: The high-temperature, humid waste gas generated by the composting is discharged through the air outlet (12) at the top of the reaction chamber (1), pressurized by the centrifugal fan (26), and then transported to the interior of the heat preservation chamber (2) through the heat preservation air inlet (21) of the heat preservation chamber (2); The high-temperature, humid exhaust gas flows from top to bottom along the spiral guide blades (22) in the heat-insulating air bin (2), and transfers heat to the outer peripheral wall (27) of the heat-insulating air bin through heat exchange with the surface of the spiral blades (22). When the high-temperature, humid exhaust gas flows in the heat-insulating gas bin (2), water vapor condenses on the surface of the trapezoidal water guide groove (221) on the back of the spiral guide blade (22), and the formed condensed water is discharged from the condensed water outlet (32); the exhaust gas that has completed the heat exchange is discharged from the heat-insulating gas outlet (24).

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