Soil monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil monitoring device and method, and belongs to the field of soil monitoring. The device comprises an annular support, four insertion rods are arranged around the annular support in an annular array mode, the middle of the annular support is rotationally connected with a circular plate through a one-way bearing, the circular plate is slidably connected with a mounting block, the lower portion of the mounting block is provided with a first motor, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a sampling barrel. A rectangular piston barrel is fixedly connected to the mounting block, a rectangular piston rod is slidably connected to the interior of the rectangular piston barrel through a first spring, an arc-shaped hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the circular plate, and a pawl is fixedly connected to the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod; the method comprises the following steps of: detecting and sampling in an annular track, and staggering sampling points of a previous circle by 30 degrees after one circle; the device can ensure that the sampling distance is proper, does not need to linearly enlarge the sampling range, and can sample without deviating from an original sampling point under the condition of reducing soil interference during long-term monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, and in particular to a soil monitoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] In surveying and mapping geographic information services such as soil environmental monitoring, agricultural land quality assessment, and contaminated site remediation, the representativeness and continuity of soil sampling are key to ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data. Existing soil monitoring devices often face the following problems when performing multiple sampling: One issue is interference from sampling locations. When traditional devices take multiple samples in the same monitoring area, if the sampling points are too close together (e.g., less than 20 cm), soil disturbance caused by the previous sampling (such as damage to the soil structure around the sampling hole or changes in compaction) can affect the authenticity of subsequent samples, distorting the measured data for physical properties (such as bulk density and porosity) and chemical properties (such as available nutrients and microbial activity). Increasing the sampling interval to avoid interference can exceed the homogeneity range of the monitoring unit, reducing the sample's representativeness for the target area.

[0003] Second, the operational process is cumbersome. Existing devices require manual adjustment of the sampling position after completing a sampling operation, which is not only inefficient but also makes it difficult to ensure the consistency of the spacing between sampling points each time (for example, it is impossible to accurately control the critical distance of 30 cm).

[0004] Third, positioning accuracy for long-term monitoring is insufficient. For monitoring points requiring long-term tracking (such as annual or quarterly continuous sampling), existing devices lack the ability to automatically adjust the sampling trajectory. Simply repeating the original trajectory after completing a sampling cycle can reduce sample representativeness due to the cumulative effect of soil disturbance. Blindly expanding the sampling range can deviate from the target monitoring area, rendering long-term data incomparable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil monitoring device and method, which solves the problem of poor sampling point setting in existing devices.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a soil monitoring device, comprising an annular bracket, wherein four insertion rods are arranged in an annular array around the annular bracket, the middle part of the annular bracket is rotatably connected to a circular plate through a one-way bearing, the circular plate is slidably connected to a mounting block, a first motor is installed at the lower part of the mounting block, the output of the first motor is fixedly connected to a sampling cylinder, a rectangular piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting block, a rectangular piston rod is slidably connected in the rectangular piston cylinder through a first spring, an arc-shaped hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the circular plate, the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to a pawl, an annular ratchet cooperating with the pawl is provided on the annular bracket, a first pipe is connected between the rectangular piston cylinder and the arc-shaped hydraulic rod, the first pipe is connected to a second pipe, and a one-way valve is provided on the second pipe; When the first motor moves downward to the mounting block, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod is shortened so that the pawl moves to the annular ratchet; when the first motor moves upward to be close to the mounting block, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod is extended, and the pawl pushes the annular ratchet so that the circular plate rotates sixty degrees relative to the annular bracket; and, after the circular plate rotates three hundred and sixty degrees, the second pipe inputs hydraulic oil to the arc-shaped hydraulic rod so that the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod increases, and the circular plate rotates thirty degrees relative to the annular bracket.

[0007] Preferably, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the circular plate, the output of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting block, a limit rod is fixedly connected to the first motor, and a through hole is opened on the mounting block to cooperate with the limit rod; A straight hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting block, and the output of the straight hydraulic rod passes through the mounting block and is fixedly connected to the first motor.

[0008] Preferably, the pawl comprises a rectangular block fixedly connected to the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod, a mounting rod is slidably connected to the rectangular block via a second spring, and a ratchet plate is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod.

[0009] Preferably, a backfill cylinder is fixedly connected to the circular plate, a feeding pipe is connected to the side wall of the backfill cylinder, and a feeding hopper is connected to the end of the feeding pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a compacting rod is inserted into the backfill cylinder, and a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the circular plate. Two transmission wheels are symmetrically connected to the mounting bracket on both sides of the compacting rod, and both transmission wheels are in contact with the compacting rod. When the two transmission wheels rotate synchronously in opposite directions, they can drive the compacting rod to slide in the backfill cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the two transmission wheels are fixedly connected with gears, and the two gears are meshed with each other; The top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to an N-shaped frame, and a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the N-shaped frame through a first torsion spring. The top of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a knock rod, one end of the knock rod is used to hit the compacting rod, and the other end of the knock rod is rotatably connected to a shift rod, and the end of the shift rod is fixedly connected to a vertical rod. When the transmission wheel rotates and transports the compacting rod toward the formation, the teeth of one of the gears continuously shift the vertical rod, so that the knock rod continuously knocks the compacting rod.

[0012] Preferably, a notch is provided at the connection between the knocking rod and the shifting rod, and when the gear rotates to move the compacting rod away from the formation, the shifting rod can rotate toward the notch to allow the vertical rod to avoid the teeth of the gear.

[0013] Preferably, a piston cavity is formed on the top of the compacting rod, the piston cavity is filled with hydraulic oil and is slidably connected to a plug post, and the second pipe passes through the plug post and is in communication with the piston cavity; A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the annular bracket, a second torsion spring is connected between the bottom end of the rotating shaft and the annular bracket, and a pressure plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft. When the circular plate rotates 360 degrees, the plug column can push the rotating shaft to rotate through the pressure plate, and after the compacting rod moves downward, the rotating shaft is reset so that the pressure plate is located on the upper part of the plug column, so that after the compacting rod moves upward, the pressure plate applies pressure to the plug column, so that the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber is delivered to the arc-shaped hydraulic rod.

[0014] Preferably, a counterweight is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the circular plate at a symmetrical position of the backfill cylinder, an L-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the circular plate, and the arc-shaped hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the L-shaped frame.

[0015] A soil monitoring method comprises the following steps: Install the device at the sampling point so that the rod is firmly inserted into the soil; Starting the first motor to control the straight hydraulic rod to extend, so that the sampling tube drills into the soil to take a sample, then controlling the straight hydraulic rod to shorten and the first motor to stop, so that the soil sample in the sampling tube is taken out; Control the electric telescopic rod to extend so that the sampling tube moves from the center position of the circular plate to the edge position, so that the linear distance between the second sampling position and the previous sampling position is 30 cm; During the next sampling, the soil sample taken from the middle of the circular plate is manually backfilled according to the original soil layer distribution, and the first motor and the straight hydraulic rod are started again to sample the soil for the second time; The straight hydraulic rod shortens to make the first motor rise, and the arc-shaped hydraulic rod extends and pushes the annular ratchet through the ratchet, causing the circular plate to rotate sixty degrees, so that the sampling tube moves to the next sampling point position, which is thirty centimeters away from the upward sampling point position, and so on; Before sampling again after the circular plate rotates, the previous soil sample is placed into the backfill cylinder according to the soil layer distribution, and then the surface soil is placed into the backfill cylinder, and the compaction rod is controlled to move downward to compact the previous sampling hole; After the circular plate rotates 360 degrees, the plug contacts the pressure plate. When the compacting rod is controlled to move to compact the soil, the pressure plate applies pressure to the plug, increasing the shortest length of the arc hydraulic rod. As a result, the circular plate rotates 30 degrees relative to the annular bracket. The sampling point is now at the same distance as the two sampling points in the previous circle, reducing the interference caused by the aforementioned sampling, and eliminating the need to linearly expand the sampling range, which may result in unrepresentative samples. When the circular plate rotates and samples for the second time, the above-mentioned action is the same, and each time the circular plate rotates 60 degrees.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: After sampling the soil at the lower part of the center of the circular plate, the present invention controls the electric telescopic rod to extend by 30 centimeters, causing the mounting block to slide by 30 centimeters, so that the sampling tube is in the next sampling position. When sampling again, the sampling hole generated by the first sampling is backfilled in layers with the original soil, and then the second sampling is performed according to the above action. During the second sampling, the first motor moves upward to apply pressure to the rectangular piston rod, so that the hydraulic oil in the rectangular piston cylinder enters the arc-shaped hydraulic rod through the first pipe. At this time, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod extends and pushes the annular ratchet through the ratchet, so that the circular plate rotates 60 degrees, so that the sampling tube is in the third sampling position, and the third sampling The distance between the sampling position and the first sampling position and the second sampling position is 30 centimeters to ensure that the sample is not interfered with; after the circular plate rotates 360 degrees, the second pipe pushes the hydraulic oil into the arc-shaped hydraulic rod, so that the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod increases, thereby driving the circular plate to rotate 30 degrees, so that when the circular plate rotates for the second circle to take samples, the distance between the second circle sampling point and the two adjacent sampling points in the first circle is equal, and the soil is backfilled after the first circle sampling, and the interval time is long, so that the soil has a sufficient recovery period, so that even if the sampling point of the second circle is close to the sampling point of the first circle, it will not cause a large deviation in the sample accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the straight hydraulic rod of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pawl of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the sampling point position after the circular plate is rotated according to the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the compacting rod of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the knocking rod of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston chamber of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 100, annular bracket; 110, insertion rod; 120, circular plate; 130, counterweight; 200, electric telescopic rod; 210, mounting block; 220, straight hydraulic rod; 230, first motor; 240, limit rod; 250, sampling cylinder; 300, rectangular piston cylinder; 310, rectangular piston rod; 320, first spring; 330, first pipeline; 340, L-shaped frame; 350, curved hydraulic rod; 360, rectangular block; 370, ratchet plate; 371, mounting rod ; 372, second spring; 380, annular ratchet; 400, backfill cylinder; 410, feeding pipe; 420, feeding hopper; 430, compacting rod; 440, transmission wheel; 450, gear; 460, N-shaped frame; 470, rotating rod; 471, knocking rod; 472, first torsion spring; 473, notch; 480, shift rod; 481, vertical rod; 500, rotating shaft; 510, pressure plate; 520, second torsion spring; 530, plug column; 531, piston chamber; 540, second pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-9, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a soil monitoring device, including an annular bracket 100, four insertion rods 110 are arranged in an annular array around the annular bracket 100, the middle part of the annular bracket 100 is rotatably connected to a circular plate 120 through a one-way bearing, a mounting block 210 is slidably connected to the circular plate 120, a first motor 230 is installed at the lower part of the mounting block 210, the output of the first motor 230 is fixedly connected to a sampling cylinder 250, a rectangular piston cylinder 300 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 210, a rectangular piston rod 310 is slidably connected in the rectangular piston cylinder 300 through a first spring 320, an arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the circular plate 120, the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is fixedly connected to a pawl, and a ring is provided on the annular bracket 100 to cooperate with the pawl. shaped ratchet 380, a first pipe 330 is connected between the rectangular piston cylinder 300 and the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350, and a second pipe 540 is connected to the first pipe 330, and a one-way valve is provided on the second pipe 540; when the first motor 230 moves down to the mounting block 210, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 shortens so that the pawl moves to the annular ratchet 380, and when the first motor 230 moves up to approach the mounting block 210, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 extends, and the pawl pushes the annular ratchet 380, so that the circular plate 120 rotates sixty degrees relative to the annular bracket 100, and, after the circular plate 120 rotates three hundred and sixty degrees, the second pipe 540 inputs hydraulic oil to the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350, so that the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 increases, and the circular plate 120 rotates thirty degrees relative to the annular bracket 100.

[0021] The annular bracket 100 is installed at the desired sampling point, so that the insertion rod 110 is inserted into the soil. The first motor 230 is controlled to start and move downward, so that the sampling tube 250 is inserted into the soil below the center of the circular plate 120 for sampling. After the sampling is completed, the first motor 230 is controlled to move upward. After the first motor 230 moves upward and the sampling tube 250 is separated from the formation, the first motor 230 is stopped and the soil in the sampling tube 250 is removed (the structure of the sampling tube 250 and the connection method with the first motor 230 are both existing structures and are not described in detail here). After sampling the soil at the lower center of the circular plate 120, the mounting block 210 is pushed and slid 30 centimeters by controlling the electric telescopic rod 200 to extend 30 centimeters, so that the sampling tube 250 is in the next sampling position. When sampling again, the sampling hole generated by the first sampling is backfilled in layers with the original soil, and then the second sampling is performed according to the above action. During the second sampling, the first motor 230 moves upward and applies pressure to the rectangular piston rod 310, so that the hydraulic oil in the rectangular piston cylinder 300 enters the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 through the first pipe 330. At this time, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 extends and pushes the annular ratchet 380 through the ratchet, so that the circular plate 120 rotates 60 degrees, so that the sampling tube 250 is in the third sampling position. Since the extended length of the electric telescopic rod 200 remains unchanged during the rotation, the distance between the third sampling position and the first sampling position and the second sampling position after the circular plate 120 rotates 60 degrees is 30 centimeters, ensuring that the sample is not interfered with. In addition, when the first motor 230 moves downward to take a sample, the first spring 320 pushes the rectangular piston rod 310 to slide, causing the hydraulic oil in the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 to flow back into the rectangular piston cylinder 300. At this time, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is shortened, and the ratchet moves on the annular ratchet 380. Since the circular plate 120 is unidirectionally rotatable, the circular plate 120 does not rotate relative to the annular bracket 100 when the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is shortened, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the sampling position of the sampling cylinder 250. After the circular plate 120 rotates 360 degrees, the second pipe 540 pushes the hydraulic oil into the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350, so that the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 increases, thereby driving the circular plate 120 to rotate 30 degrees. When the circular plate 120 rotates for the second time to take samples, the distance between the sampling points of the second circle and the two adjacent sampling points of the first circle is equal. In addition, the soil is backfilled after the first circle sampling, and the interval time is long, so that the soil has enough recovery period. Therefore, even if the sampling points of the second circle are close to the sampling points of the first circle, it will not cause a large deviation in the sample accuracy (such as Figure 6 As shown, point a is an array with a pitch of 60 degrees and a span of 360 degrees, which is the first circle of sampling points, and point b is the second circle of sampling points).

[0022] An electric telescopic rod 200 is fixedly connected to the circular plate 120, and the output of the electric telescopic rod 200 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 210. A limit rod 240 is fixedly connected to the first motor 230, and a through hole that cooperates with the limit rod 240 is opened on the mounting block 210; a straight hydraulic rod 220 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 210, and the output of the straight hydraulic rod 220 passes through the mounting block 210 and is fixedly connected to the first motor 230.

[0023] During the first sampling, the electric telescopic rod 200 is in a shortened state, and the sampling tube 250 is located at the center of the circular plate 120. After the first sampling, the electric telescopic rod 200 is extended by thirty centimeters, causing the sampling tube 250 to move thirty centimeters. The setting of the limit rod 240 makes it difficult for the first motor 230 to rotate during operation, and guides the movement of the first motor 230. When the straight hydraulic rod 220 is extended or retracted, it can push the first motor 230 to move up and down to complete the sampling tube 250 drilling the soil.

[0024] The ratchet includes a rectangular block 360 fixedly connected to the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 . A mounting rod 371 is slidably connected to the rectangular block 360 via a second spring 372 . The end of the mounting rod 371 is fixedly connected to a ratchet plate 370 .

[0025] The extension and retraction of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 can drive the rectangular block 360 to move. The center of the arc trajectory of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is coaxial with the center of the circular plate 120. When the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is shortened, the ratchet plate 370 can be pushed by the annular ratchet 380 to move, and the mounting rod 371 slides in the rectangular block 360, so that the second spring 372 is compressed. The axial direction of the mounting rod 371 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the rectangular block 360, ensuring that the ratchet plate 370 can clamp the annular ratchet 380 when the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is extended, so that the circular plate 120 is subjected to a reverse thrust and rotates sixty degrees relative to the annular bracket 100.

[0026] A backfill cylinder 400 is fixedly connected to the circular plate 120 . A feeding pipe 410 is connected to the side wall of the backfill cylinder 400 . A feeding hopper 420 is connected to the end of the feeding pipe 410 .

[0027] The backfill cylinder 400 is located at the edge of the circular plate 120, and is thirty centimeters away from the sampling cylinder 250. After the circular plate 120 rotates, the sampling cylinder 250 is located above the previous sampling point. Except for the first sampling point which requires manual backfilling, the subsequent sampling points will respectively put the bottom soil into the feeding hopper 420, and then put the surface soil into the feeding hopper 420, so that the soil enters the previous sampling point through the backfill cylinder 400 according to the original soil layer distribution.

[0028] A compacting rod 430 is inserted into the backfill cylinder 400, and a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the circular plate 120. Two transmission wheels 440 are symmetrically connected to the mounting frame on both sides of the compacting rod 430 for rotation. Both transmission wheels 440 are in contact with the compacting rod 430. When the two transmission wheels 440 rotate synchronously in opposite directions, they can drive the compacting rod 430 to slide in the backfill cylinder 400.

[0029] After the soil is placed, the two transmission wheels 440 are controlled to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and the compacting rod 430 is driven downward by friction, so that the compacting rod 430 compacts the soil in the sampling hole. Then the two transmission wheels 440 are reversed, so that the compacting rod 430 moves upward and resets.

[0030] Both transmission wheels 440 are fixedly connected with gears 450, and the two gears 450 are meshed with each other; the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with an N-shaped frame 460, and the N-shaped frame 460 is rotatably connected with a rotating rod 470 through a first torsion spring 472. The top of the rotating rod 470 is fixedly connected with a knocking rod 471, and one end of the knocking rod 471 is used to hit the compacting rod 430, and the other end of the knocking rod 471 is rotatably connected with a shift rod 480, and the end of the shift rod 480 is fixedly connected with a vertical rod 481. When the transmission wheel 440 rotates and transports the compacting rod 430 toward the formation, the teeth of one of the gears 450 continuously shift the vertical rod 481, so that the knocking rod 471 continuously knocks the compacting rod 430.

[0031] One of the transmission wheels 440 is driven to rotate by a second motor, and the second motor is installed on the mounting frame. The two transmission wheels 440 are transmitted through two gears 450, so that the two transmission wheels 440 can rotate synchronously and in opposite directions. When the gear 450 rotates, the teeth of one of the gears 450 alternately toggle the vertical rod 481, so that the toggle rod 480 drives the knocking rod 471 to swing and move away from the compacting rod 430. At this time, the first torsion spring 472 is in an energy storage state. When one of the teeth on the gear 450 disengages from the vertical rod 481, the torque of the first torsion spring 472 is released, so that the knocking rod 471 knocks the compacting rod 430, causing the compacting rod 430 to vibrate, so that the compacting rod 430 can also exert vibration on the soil when compacting the soil, so that the deep soil increases its compaction after being vibrated, avoiding that only the surface soil is compacted.

[0032] A notch 473 is provided at the connection between the knock rod 471 and the shift rod 480 . When the gear 450 rotates to move the compacting rod 430 away from the formation, the shift rod 480 can rotate toward the notch 473 so that the vertical rod 481 avoids the teeth of the gear 450 .

[0033] When driving the compacting rod 430 to move upward, in order to prevent the vertical rod 481 from being stuck, a notch 473 is opened on the knocking rod 471. After the gear 450 turns in the opposite direction to the above, it can push the lever 480 to rotate relative to the knocking rod 471 through the vertical rod 481, so that the vertical rod 481 avoids the teeth of the gear 450, thereby preventing the compacting rod 430 from being blocked from moving upward. When the compacting rod 430 moves downward subsequently, the lever 480 can be manually pushed to reset, or a magnet that is magnetically attracted to the lever 480 can be set at the relative position of the notch 473 to enable the lever 480 to reset.

[0034] A piston chamber 531 is provided at the top of the compacting rod 430, and the piston chamber 531 is filled with hydraulic oil and is slidably connected to the plug column 530, and the second pipe 540 passes through the plug column 530 and is connected to the piston chamber 531; a rotating shaft 500 is rotatably connected to the annular bracket 100, and a second torsion spring 520 is connected between the bottom end of the rotating shaft 500 and the annular bracket 100, and a pressure plate 510 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 500. When the circular plate 120 rotates 360 degrees, the plug column 530 can push the rotating shaft 500 to rotate through the pressure plate 510, and after the compacting rod 430 moves downward, the rotating shaft 500 is reset so that the pressure plate 510 is at the upper part of the plug column 530, so that after the compacting rod 430 moves upward, the pressure plate 510 applies pressure on the plug column 530, so that the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber 531 is transported to the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350.

[0035] After the circular plate 120 rotates 360 degrees, the plunger 530 contacts the pressure plate 510. At this time, when the compacting rod 430 is controlled to move to compact the soil, the torsion of the second torsion spring 520 drives the rotating shaft 500 to rotate, so that the pressure plate 510 is located above the plunger 530. After compacting the soil, the compacting rod 430 moves upward, so that the pressure plate 510 applies pressure to the plunger 530, increasing the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350. As a result, the circular plate 120 rotates 30 degrees relative to the annular bracket 100. After the compacting rod 430 moves upward, the next sampling is carried out. When compacting the soil, the bottom end of the compacting rod 430 is controlled to move to be flush with the soil surface or slightly lower than the soil layer. The hydraulic oil in the piston chamber 531 is filled according to the cavity diameter or capacity of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 during production, ensuring that the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber 531 enters the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 so that the length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is just enough to drive the circular plate 120 to rotate thirty degrees relative to the annular bracket 100.

[0036] The upper surface of the circular plate 120 is fixedly connected to a counterweight 130 at a symmetrical position of the backfill cylinder 400 , and the lower surface of the circular plate 120 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped frame 340 , and an arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped frame 340 .

[0037] The setting of the counterweight block 130 enables the overall force of the device to be balanced, thereby preventing the sampling position deviation of the sampling tube 250 due to unbalanced force when the device is placed at the sampling point for a long time. The setting of the L-shaped frame 340 provides support for the installation of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350; The device can be powered by outdoor power, solar power or directly connected to the mains.

[0038] A soil monitoring method comprises the following steps: Install the device at the sampling point so that the insertion rod 110 is firmly inserted into the soil; The first motor 230 is started to control the straight hydraulic rod 220 to extend, so that the sampling tube 250 drills into the soil for sampling. The straight hydraulic rod 220 is then controlled to shorten and the first motor 230 is stopped to take out the soil sample from the sampling tube 250. Control the electric telescopic rod 200 to extend, so that the sampling tube 250 moves from the center position of the circular plate 120 to the edge position, so that the linear distance between the second sampling position and the previous sampling position is 30 cm; During the next sampling, the soil sample taken from the middle of the circular plate 120 is manually backfilled according to the original soil layer distribution, and the first motor 230 and the straight hydraulic rod 220 are started again to sample the soil for the second time; After the straight hydraulic rod 220 shortens and the first motor 230 rises, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350 extends and pushes the annular ratchet 380 through the ratchet, causing the circular plate 120 to rotate sixty degrees, so that the sampling tube 250 moves to the next sampling point position, which is thirty centimeters away from the upward sampling point position, and so on; Before sampling again after the circular plate 120 rotates, the previous soil sample is distributed according to the soil layer, and the bottom soil is first placed into the backfill cylinder 400, and then the surface soil is placed into the backfill cylinder 400, and the compacting rod 430 is controlled to move downward to compact the previous sampling hole; After the circular plate 120 rotates 360 degrees, the plunger 530 contacts the pressure plate 510. When the compacting rod 430 is controlled to move to compact the soil, the pressure plate 510 applies pressure to the plunger 530, increasing the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod 350. As a result, the circular plate 120 rotates 30 degrees relative to the annular support 100. At this time, the sampling point is at an equal distance from the two sampling points in the previous circle, reducing the interference caused by the aforementioned sampling, and eliminating the need to linearly expand the sampling range, which would result in unrepresentative samples. The second rotation of the circular plate 120 for sampling is the same as the above-mentioned operation, and the circular plate 120 rotates 60 degrees each time.

[0039] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil monitoring device, comprising an annular support (100), wherein four insertion rods (110) are arranged in an annular array around the annular support (100), characterized in that: The middle part of the annular bracket (100) is rotatably connected to a circular plate (120) via a one-way bearing, a mounting block (210) is slidably connected to the circular plate (120), a first motor (230) is mounted on the lower part of the mounting block (210), an output of the first motor (230) is fixedly connected to a sampling cylinder (250), a rectangular piston cylinder (300) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (210), and a rectangular piston rod (300) is slidably connected to the inside of the rectangular piston cylinder (300) via a first spring (320). 310), an arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the circular plate (120), a pawl is fixedly connected to the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350), an annular ratchet (380) cooperating with the pawl is provided on the annular bracket (100), a first pipe (330) is connected between the rectangular piston cylinder (300) and the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350), a second pipe (540) is connected to the first pipe (330), and a one-way valve is provided on the second pipe (540); When the first motor (230) moves downward to the mounting block (210), the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) shortens so that the pawl moves to the annular ratchet (380); when the first motor (230) moves upward to approach the mounting block (210), the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) extends, and the pawl pushes the annular ratchet (380) so that the circular plate (120) rotates sixty degrees relative to the annular bracket (100); and after the circular plate (120) rotates three hundred and sixty degrees, the second pipe (540) inputs hydraulic oil to the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) so that the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) increases, and the circular plate (120) rotates thirty degrees relative to the annular bracket (100).

2. The soil monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric telescopic rod (200) is fixedly connected to the circular plate (120), an output of the electric telescopic rod (200) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (210), a limiting rod (240) is fixedly connected to the first motor (230), and a through hole is provided on the mounting block (210) for cooperating with the limiting rod (240); A straight hydraulic rod (220) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (210), and the output of the straight hydraulic rod (220) passes through the mounting block (210) and is fixedly connected to the first motor (230).

3. The soil monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet comprises a rectangular block (360) fixedly connected to the output end of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350); a mounting rod (371) is slidably connected to the rectangular block (360) via a second spring (372); and a ratchet plate (370) is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod (371).

4. The soil monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A backfill cylinder (400) is fixedly connected to the circular plate (120), a feeding pipe (410) is connected to the side wall of the backfill cylinder (400), and a feeding hopper (420) is connected to the end of the feeding pipe (410).

5. The soil monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A compacting rod (430) is inserted into the backfill cylinder (400), and a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the circular plate (120). Two transmission wheels (440) are symmetrically connected to the mounting frame on both sides of the compacting rod (430) for rotation. Both of the two transmission wheels (440) are in contact with the compacting rod (430). When the two transmission wheels (440) rotate synchronously in opposite directions, they can drive the compacting rod (430) to slide on the backfill cylinder (400).

6. The soil monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two transmission wheels (440) are both fixedly connected with a gear (450), and the two gears (450) are meshed with each other; The top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to an N-shaped frame (460), and a rotating rod (470) is rotatably connected to the N-shaped frame (460) via a first torsion spring (472). The top of the rotating rod (470) is fixedly connected to a knocking rod (471), one end of the knocking rod (471) is used to strike the compaction rod (430), and the other end of the knocking rod (471) is rotatably connected to a shifting rod (480), and the end of the shifting rod (480) is fixedly connected to a vertical rod (481). When the transmission wheel (440) rotates and transports the compaction rod (430) toward the formation, the teeth of one of the gears (450) continuously shift the vertical rod (481), so that the knocking rod (471) continuously strikes the compaction rod (430).

7. The soil monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A notch (473) is provided at the connection between the knocking rod (471) and the shifting rod (480); when the gear (450) rotates to move the compacting rod (430) away from the formation, the shifting rod (480) can rotate in the direction of the notch (473) to allow the vertical rod (481) to avoid the teeth of the gear (450).

8. The soil monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A piston cavity (531) is provided at the top of the compacting rod (430), the piston cavity (531) is filled with hydraulic oil and is slidably connected to a plug post (530), and the second pipe (540) passes through the plug post (530) and is in communication with the piston cavity (531); The annular bracket (100) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (500), a second torsion spring (520) is connected between the bottom end of the rotating shaft (500) and the annular bracket (100), and a pressure plate (510) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft (500). When the circular plate (120) rotates 360 degrees, the plug (530) can push the rotating shaft (500) to rotate through the pressure plate (510), and after the compacting rod (430) moves downward, the rotating shaft (500) is reset so that the pressure plate (510) is located at the upper part of the plug (530), so that after the compacting rod (430) moves upward, the pressure plate (510) applies pressure to the plug (530), so that the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber (531) is transported to the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350).

9. The soil monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the circular plate (120) is fixedly connected to a counterweight (130) at a symmetrical position of the backfill cylinder (400), the lower surface of the circular plate (120) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped frame (340), and the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped frame (340).

10. A soil monitoring method, using the soil monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The device is installed at the sampling point so that the insertion rod (110) is firmly inserted into the soil; Starting the first motor (230) to control the straight hydraulic rod (220) to extend, so that the sampling tube (250) drills into the soil to take a sample, then controlling the straight hydraulic rod (220) to shorten and the first motor (230) to stop, so that the soil sample in the sampling tube (250) is taken out; Controlling the electric telescopic rod (200) to extend so that the sampling tube (250) moves from the center position of the circular plate (120) to the edge position, so that the linear distance between the second sampling position and the previous sampling position is thirty centimeters; During the next sampling, the soil sample taken from the middle of the circular plate (120) is manually backfilled according to the original soil layer distribution, and the first motor (230) and the straight hydraulic rod (220) are started again to sample the soil for the second time; After the straight hydraulic rod (220) is shortened and the first motor (230) is raised, the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) is extended and pushes the annular ratchet (380) through the ratchet, so that the circular plate (120) rotates sixty degrees, so that the sampling tube (250) moves to the next sampling point position, which is thirty centimeters away from the upward sampling point position, and so on; Before sampling again after the circular plate (120) rotates, the previous soil sample is first placed into the backfill cylinder (400) according to the soil layer distribution, and then the surface soil is placed into the backfill cylinder (400), and the compacting rod (430) is controlled to move downward to compact the previous sampling hole; After the circular plate (120) rotates 360 degrees, the plug post (530) contacts the pressure plate (510). At this time, when the compacting rod (430) is controlled to move to compact the soil, the pressure plate (510) applies pressure to the plug post (530), so that the shortest length of the arc-shaped hydraulic rod (350) increases, so that the circular plate (120) rotates 30 degrees relative to the annular bracket (100). At this time, the sampling point is at an equal distance from the two sampling points of the previous week, reducing the interference caused by the aforementioned sampling, and there is no need to linearly expand the sampling range, resulting in the sample being unrepresentative; When the circular plate (120) rotates and samples for the second time, the above-mentioned action is the same, and each time the circular plate (120) rotates sixty degrees.

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