Cold plate, cooling system, energy storage device and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold plate, a cooling system, an energy storage device and electric equipment, the cold plate comprises a heat exchange plate and a runner plate, the heat exchange plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and the outlet penetrate through the heat exchange plate in the thickness direction of the heat exchange plate; the runner plate and the heat exchange plate are overlapped; the groove is communicated with the inlet and the outlet; a first heat conduction part is convexly arranged on the bottom surface of the groove and is in contact with the heat exchange plate; the heat exchange plate is provided with an inner surface facing the runner plate, a second heat conduction part is arranged at the position, corresponding to the groove, of the inner surface in the thickness direction of the cold plate in a protruding mode, and the second heat conduction part extends into the groove. The second heat conduction part is provided with an evaporation surface opposite to the heat exchange plate, and a gap is formed between the evaporation surface and the groove bottom surface of the groove; the orthographic projections of the first heat conduction part and the second heat conduction part on the groove bottom surface of the groove do not have an overlapping area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a cold plate, a cooling system, an energy storage device, and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, a cold plate is usually used to cool the battery module. However, the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate in the related art needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a cold plate, a cooling system, an energy storage device, and an electrical device that can improve heat exchange efficiency, effectively solving the problem of low heat exchange efficiency existing in related technologies.

[0004] The cold plate of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0005] a heat exchange plate having an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet penetrate the heat exchange plate along a thickness direction of the heat exchange plate; and

[0006] A flow channel plate is stacked with the heat exchange plate; the flow channel plate has a groove on a side facing the heat exchange plate, the groove is connected to the inlet and the outlet; a first heat conducting portion is convexly provided on the bottom surface of the groove, and the first heat conducting portion is in contact with the heat exchange plate;

[0007] The heat exchange plate has an inner surface facing the flow channel plate, and a second heat conducting portion is protruded from the inner surface at a position corresponding to the groove in the thickness direction of the cold plate, and the second heat conducting portion extends into the groove; the second heat conducting portion has an evaporation surface facing away from the heat exchange plate, and a gap is formed between the evaporation surface and the bottom surface of the groove;

[0008] The orthographic projections of the first heat conducting portion and the second heat conducting portion on the bottom surface of the groove do not have overlapping areas.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the inner surface of the heat exchange plate is provided with a plurality of second heat conducting portions extending into the grooves. When the liquid refrigerant partially immerses the second heat conducting portion, the second heat conducting portion can transfer the heat of the heat exchange plate to the liquid refrigerant, causing the liquid refrigerant to vaporize and absorb heat, thereby accelerating heat exchange. Furthermore, when the liquid refrigerant level is high and partially immerses the second heat conducting portion, the second heat conducting portion can serve as the evaporation surface of the liquid refrigerant. The second heat conducting portion can transfer the heat of the heat exchange plate to the liquid refrigerant, causing the liquid refrigerant to vaporize. After the liquid refrigerant vaporizes, the liquid level drops. When the liquid refrigerant level drops to a point where it no longer immerses the second heat conducting portion, the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid refrigerant decreases and the evaporation amount decreases. However, the amount of refrigerant injected into the inlet is greater than the evaporation amount, causing the liquid refrigerant level to remain high until it partially immerses the second heat conducting portion. This cycle repeats itself so that the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant can be maintained near the evaporation surface of the second heat transfer part, which can maintain a high heat exchange efficiency on the one hand and accelerate the refrigeration startup speed on the other hand.

[0010] Optionally, there are multiple second heat conducting parts, and the multiple evaporation surfaces of the multiple second heat conducting parts are flush.

[0011] Optionally, a first convex portion is provided on the bottom surface of the groove, the first convex portion is connected to the heat exchange plate, and one end of the first convex portion is connected to the groove wall of the groove, and the groove is divided into flow channel grooves that are interconnected, and the flow channel grooves are connected to the inlet and the outlet; the first convex portion has a first air channel on the side facing the heat exchange plate, and the first air channel passes through the first convex portion along the width direction of the first convex portion.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, a first air channel is provided on the side of the first protrusion facing the heat exchange plate. The gaseous refrigerant can directly pass through the first air channel from the flow channel groove connected to the inlet into the flow channel groove connected to the outlet, and be quickly discharged from the outlet, which is conducive to the continuous vaporization and heat absorption of the liquid refrigerant in various locations in the groove, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate and further improving the temperature uniformity.

[0013] Optionally, a second convex portion is provided on the bottom surface of each flow channel groove, and the second convex portion is connected to the heat exchange plate and divides the flow channel groove into interconnected sub-flow channels;

[0014] A second air passage is formed on a side of the second convex portion facing the heat exchange plate, and the second air passage penetrates the second convex portion along a width direction of the second convex portion.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, a second air channel is provided on the side of the second protrusion facing the heat exchange plate. The gaseous refrigerant in one flow channel groove can directly pass through the second air channel from one of the sub-flow channels into another sub-flow channel, and then enter the sub-flow channel in another flow channel groove through the first air channel, and finally be quickly discharged from the outlet, which is conducive to the continuous vaporization and heat absorption of the liquid refrigerant in various places in the groove, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate and thereby improving the temperature uniformity.

[0016] Optionally, along the width direction of the cold plate, the second air channel on the second protrusion is aligned with the first air channel on the first protrusion.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the second air duct is aligned with the first air duct, so that the gaseous refrigerant can pass through the first air duct and the second air duct more quickly and is finally discharged from the outlet.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of first heat conducting portions are protruding from the bottom surface of the groove, each of which is connected to the heat exchange plate. Optionally, a guide groove is provided on a side of the flow channel plate facing the heat exchange plate at positions corresponding to the inlet and the outlet, and the guide groove is connected to the flow channel groove.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide groove corresponding to the inlet can play the role of buffering the refrigerant, effectively reducing the excessive flow rate of the refrigerant near the inlet and causing impact on the first heat conduction part, thereby avoiding turbulence caused by the liquid refrigerant impacting the first heat conduction part, affecting the temperature uniformity; the guide groove corresponding to the outlet can prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing out of the cold plate due to agitation or pressure difference.

[0020] Optionally, a convex portion is provided on a surface of the heat exchange plate facing away from the flow channel plate;

[0021] A recessed groove is provided at a position on the inner surface corresponding to the raised portion, and the recessed groove is recessed from the inner surface along the thickness direction of the cold plate into the raised portion;

[0022] The outlet passes through a side surface of the protrusion facing away from the flow channel plate and a bottom surface of the sink.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the outlet is arranged on the raised portion so that the outlet is higher than the inlet. On the one hand, the risk of liquid refrigerant overflowing from the outlet is reduced; on the other hand, since the gaseous refrigerant is located above the liquid refrigerant and the outlet is higher than the inlet, the gaseous refrigerant is easier to be discharged from the outlet, thereby accelerating the refrigerant exchange.

[0024] The cooling system of an embodiment of the present application includes the cold plate, a compressor, a condenser, a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve as described above, the first throttle valve being connected to the inlet of the cold plate, the second throttle valve being connected to the outlet of the cold plate, the compressor being connected to the first throttle valve through the condenser, and the second throttle valve being connected to the condenser through the compressor.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, the evaporation pressure in the cold plate can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve, and the groove of the cold plate is designed as a liquid storage tank, that is, each area in the groove is in a mixed state of liquid refrigerant and gaseous refrigerant, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity.

[0026] In addition, when the energy storage system detects that a battery pack has a high risk of thermal runaway, it can control the external refrigerant to be concentrated in the battery pack with a higher risk of thermal runaway, and adjust the opening of the throttle valve corresponding to the battery pack to the maximum, so that the refrigerant can evaporate quickly and absorb heat in large quantities, and the evaporation temperature is greatly reduced, thereby achieving sudden cooling of the battery modules of the battery pack and playing a preventive role.

[0027] The energy storage device of an embodiment of the present application includes a battery module and any one of the cold plates described above, wherein the heat exchange plate of the cold plate is attached to the battery module.

[0028] Optionally, along the thickness direction of the cold plate, the first heat conducting parts are arranged at a first density in the area of ​​the cold plate groove corresponding to the battery module, and the first heat conducting parts are arranged at a second density in the remaining area of ​​the groove; the first density is greater than the second density.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging more first heat conducting parts in the area corresponding to the groove and the battery module and fewer first heat conducting parts in the remaining areas of the groove, the position with higher heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate can be precisely controlled.

[0030] Optionally, in the thickness direction of the cold plate, a second heat conducting portion is protrudingly provided on a position of the inner surface of the heat exchange plate of the cold plate corresponding to the battery module.

[0031] The electrical equipment of the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned energy storage device, and the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a household energy storage system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 Shown is an exploded schematic diagram of a cold plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic top view of the flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 4 Shown is the Figure 2 Sectional view along the AA cutting line.

[0036] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic exploded view of a connector assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 7 Shown is the Figure 2 Sectional view along the BB cutting line.

[0039] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of a cooling system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electric device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0041] The description of the accompanying drawings is as follows:

[0042] 1. Energy storage device; 2. Electric energy conversion device; 3. User load; 4. Electrical equipment;

[0043] 10. Cold plate; 20. Compressor; 30. Condenser; 40. First throttle valve; 50. Second throttle valve;

[0044] 100, heat exchange plate; 101, inlet; 102, outlet; 103, inner surface; 110, second heat transfer portion; 111, evaporation surface; 120, raised portion; 121, sink;

[0045] 200, flow channel plate; 210, groove; 210a, flow channel groove; 211, sub-flow channel; 212, first groove wall; 213, second groove wall; 220, first protrusion; 221, first air channel; 230, second protrusion; 231, second air channel; 240, first heat conduction portion; 250, guide groove;

[0046] 300, connector assembly; 310, male connector; 320, female connector; 330, sealing ring;

[0047] D1, first direction; D2, second direction; D3, third direction; G, gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0049] It is understood that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or components inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0050] Since the energy people need is highly temporal and spatial, in order to make rational use of energy and improve energy utilization, it is necessary to use a medium or device to store one form of energy in the same form or convert it into another form of energy, and then release it in a specific form of energy based on future application needs.

[0051] Currently, energy storage (i.e., energy storage) has a wide range of application scenarios, including power generation-side energy storage, grid-side energy storage, renewable energy grid-connected energy storage, and user-side energy storage. The corresponding types of energy storage devices include:

[0052] (1) Large energy storage containers used in grid-side energy storage scenarios can serve as high-quality active and reactive power regulation power sources in the grid, achieving load matching of electricity in time and space, enhancing the ability to absorb renewable energy, and are of great significance in grid system backup, alleviating peak load power supply pressure, and peak and frequency regulation;

[0053] (2) The main operating mode of small and medium-sized energy storage cabinets used in industrial and commercial energy storage scenarios (banks, shopping malls, etc.) on the user side and small household energy storage boxes used in home energy storage scenarios on the user side is "peak shaving and valley filling". Since there is a large price difference in electricity prices at peak and valley locations according to electricity demand, after users have energy storage equipment, in order to reduce costs, they usually charge the energy storage cabinets / boxes during the low electricity price period; during the peak electricity price period, the electricity in the energy storage equipment is discharged for use to achieve the purpose of saving electricity bills. In addition, in remote areas and areas with high incidence of natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes, the existence of household energy storage devices is equivalent to users providing themselves and the power grid with backup power, eliminating the inconvenience caused by frequent power outages due to disasters or other reasons.

[0054] Take the household energy storage scenario in user-side energy storage as an example to illustrate. Figure 1The diagram shows a household energy storage system, which includes an energy storage device 1, an electric energy conversion device 2 (such as a photovoltaic panel), and user loads 3 (such as street lights, household appliances, etc.). The energy storage device 1 is a small energy storage box that can be mounted on an outdoor wall. Specifically, the electric energy conversion device 2 can convert solar energy into electrical energy during periods of low electricity prices, store it in the energy storage device 1, and then supply the user load 3 for use during peak electricity prices or during power outages.

[0055] In conjunction with the aforementioned physical or electrochemical energy storage, taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, the energy storage device 1 includes at least one set of chemical batteries, utilizing the chemical elements within the chemical batteries as the energy storage medium, with the charging and discharging process achieved through chemical reactions or changes in the energy storage medium. Simply put, the electrical energy generated by solar energy or wind energy is stored in the at least one set of chemical batteries through chemical reactions or changes in the energy storage medium. When external electrical energy usage reaches a peak, the energy stored in the at least one set of chemical batteries is released for use through chemical reactions or changes in the energy storage medium, or transferred to areas with power shortages for reuse.

[0056] The embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device 1, which may be, but is not limited to, a battery pack, an energy storage box, an energy storage system, etc. Next, the energy storage device 1 is explained in detail, taking a battery pack as an example.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage device 1 may include a battery module (not shown) and a cold plate 10. The cold plate 10 may be disposed at the bottom of the battery module for heat exchange with the battery module.

[0058] Among them, the battery module may include one or more single cells, and the single cells may be lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, etc. The single cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, etc., and the implementation methods of this application do not limit this.

[0059] It should be noted that each single battery inevitably generates heat during the charge and discharge process, which accumulates inside the battery pack. The temperature inside the battery pack will gradually increase, affecting the reliability of the battery pack and even causing the battery pack to explode, posing a safety risk.

[0060] To reduce the temperature of battery packs, related technologies have proposed using liquid cooling plates or direct cooling plates to cool the battery modules. Liquid cooling plates utilize convection heat exchange between the liquid refrigerant flowing through the plate and the battery modules, achieving cooling. Direct cooling plates, on the other hand, utilize internal channels containing both liquid and gaseous refrigerants, absorbing heat during the phase transition from liquid to gaseous refrigerant to achieve cooling.

[0061] However, the flow channels of direct cooling plates in related technologies still use the same design as liquid cooling plates, resulting in high refrigerant dryness at the end of the flow channel. This increases the proportion of the vapor phase at the end of the flow channel, making the refrigerant at the end easily in a fully vapor phase. This makes it difficult to ensure temperature uniformity in the direct cooling plate, resulting in large temperature differences across the battery pack. "Dryness" refers to the ratio of vapor mass to total mass.

[0062] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a cold plate, which improves the heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity of the cold plate by improving the structure of the cold plate, thereby reducing the temperature difference among various locations in the battery pack.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the cold plate 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a heat exchange plate 100 and a flow channel plate 200. The heat exchange plate 100 and the flow channel plate 200 are stacked and welded together. The surface of the heat exchange plate 100 facing away from the flow channel plate 200 can be attached to the bottom surface of the battery module.

[0064] For convenience of description, the length direction of the cold plate 10 is defined as the first direction D1, the width direction of the cold plate 10 is defined as the second direction D2, and the thickness direction of the cold plate 10 is defined as the third direction D3; the first direction D1, the second direction D2 and the third direction D3 are perpendicular to each other.

[0065] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange plate 100 has an inlet 101 and an outlet 102, which penetrate the heat exchange plate 100 along the thickness direction (third direction D3) of the heat exchange plate 100. The refrigerant flows into the inlet 101 of the cold plate 10 and flows out of the outlet 102 of the cold plate 10.

[0066] The flow channel plate 200 has a groove 210 on the side facing the heat exchange plate 100. A first protrusion 220 is provided on the bottom surface of the groove 210. The first protrusion 220 is connected to the heat exchange plate 100 and divides the groove 210 into two interconnected flow channels 210a. In the embodiment of the present application, there is one first protrusion 220, which divides the groove 210 into two interconnected flow channels 210a, one of which is connected to the inlet 101 and the other to the outlet 102. The first protrusion 220 has at least one first air channel 221 on the side facing the heat exchange plate 100. The first air channel 221 extends through the first protrusion 220 along the width direction (second direction D2) of the first protrusion 220.

[0067] The first protrusion 220 divides the groove 210 into two flow channels 210a, one of which is connected to the inlet 101 and is defined as a first cavity, and the other is connected to the outlet 102 and is defined as a second cavity. The refrigerant entering the groove 210 from the inlet 101 flows through the first cavity and the second cavity in sequence, and finally flows out from the outlet 102. During the process of the refrigerant flowing through the first cavity and the second cavity, the refrigerant undergoes a phase change, that is, part of the liquid refrigerant vaporizes into a gaseous refrigerant, absorbing heat during the vaporization process, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the temperature of the battery module.

[0068] It should be noted that when some liquid refrigerant flows through the first cavity, it will vaporize to form gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant needs to flow through the first cavity and the second cavity in sequence before being discharged from the outlet 102. As can be seen, the gaseous refrigerant needs to flow through a very long flow channel when discharged from the outlet 102. This makes it easy for the gaseous refrigerant to accumulate in a certain area within the groove 210, resulting in uneven distribution of the gaseous refrigerant within the groove 210. The location with more gaseous refrigerant in the groove 210 has lower heat exchange efficiency, which ultimately leads to poor temperature uniformity of the cold plate 10.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, a first air duct 221 is provided on the side of the first protrusion 220 facing the heat exchange plate 100. The gaseous refrigerant can directly pass through the first air duct 221 from the first cavity into the second cavity and be quickly discharged from the outlet 102, which is beneficial to the continuous vaporization and heat absorption of the liquid refrigerant in various locations in the groove 210, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate 10 and further improving the temperature uniformity.

[0070] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the number of first protrusions 220 in the groove 210 can also be multiple (multiple means more than two), and the multiple first protrusions 220 are arranged side by side along the second direction D2 to separate the groove 210 into at least three flow channel grooves 210a.

[0071] As an example, the inlet 101 is a liquid inlet, and the outlet 102 is an air outlet. The liquid inlet is used to supply liquid refrigerant, and the air outlet is used to supply gaseous refrigerant. When the battery management system (BMS) detects that the temperature rise of the battery module is high, it can control the increase in the supply of liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant can squeeze the gaseous refrigerant located in the cold plate 10, driving the gaseous refrigerant to be quickly discharged from the outlet 102, and preventing the gaseous refrigerant from being retained in the cold plate. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application designs the inlet 101 as a liquid inlet and the outlet 102 as an air outlet, which can increase the speed at which the gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the outlet 102, thereby making room for the liquid refrigerant in the cold plate to vaporize and form new gaseous refrigerant, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate and preventing the temperature rise of the battery module from being too high and affecting the battery performance.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the groove 210 has two first groove walls 212 and two second groove walls 213. The length of each first groove wall 212 is parallel to the second direction D2, and the length of each second groove wall 213 is parallel to the first direction D1. The two first groove walls 212 are arranged opposite each other along the first direction D1, and the two second groove walls 213 are arranged opposite each other along the second direction D2. The ends of the first groove wall 212 along the second direction D2 are connected to the two second groove walls 213, respectively, and the ends of the second groove wall 213 along the first direction D1 are connected to the two first groove walls 212. One of the first groove walls 212 corresponds to the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 in the third direction D3.

[0073] One side surface of the first groove wall 212 and the second groove wall 213 facing the heat exchange plate 100 is connected to the heat exchange plate 100 , for example, by welding.

[0074] The first protrusion 220 is in an elongated shape, and one end of the first protrusion 220 is connected to the first groove wall 212 corresponding to the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 , and extends from the first groove wall 212 toward the other first groove wall 212 along the first direction D1 .

[0075] It is understandable that the number of the first air channels 221 on the first convex portion 220 can be one or more. When the number of the first air channels 221 is multiple, each first air channel 221 passes through the first convex portion 220 along the second direction D2, and the multiple first air channels are arranged along the first direction D1.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the first protrusion 220 defines four first air passages 221 , but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0077] Among them, the side surface of the first protrusion 220 facing the heat exchange plate 100 is flush with the side surface of the first groove wall 212 and the second groove wall 213 facing the heat exchange plate 100, so that the heat exchange plate 100 can be connected to the first protrusion 220, the first groove wall 212 and the second groove wall 213 at the same time.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, a second protrusion 230 is provided on the bottom surface of each flow channel groove 210a. The second protrusion 230 is connected to the heat exchange plate 100 and divides the flow channel groove 210a into two interconnected sub-flow channels 211. The side of the second protrusion 230 facing the heat exchange plate 100 has at least one second air channel 231, which extends through the second protrusion 230 along its width (second direction D2).

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, each flow channel 210a is divided into two interconnected sub-flow channels 211 by the second protrusion 230. In other words, the cold plate 10 of the embodiment of the present application is a two-inlet and two-outlet flow channel design. In the thickness direction of the cold plate 10 (the third direction D3), each sub-flow channel 211 corresponds to a battery module.

[0080] Furthermore, a second air channel 231 is provided on the side of the second protrusion 230 facing the heat exchange plate 100, and the gaseous refrigerant in one flow channel groove 210a can directly pass through the second air channel 231 from one of the sub-flow channels 211 to enter another sub-flow channel 211, and then enter the sub-flow channel 211 in another flow channel groove 210a through the first air channel 221, and finally be quickly discharged from the outlet 102, which is conducive to the continuous vaporization and heat absorption of the liquid refrigerant in various places in the groove 210, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate 10 and thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the cold plate 10.

[0081] The second protrusion 230 is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the length direction of the second protrusion 230 is parallel to the first direction D1. The second protrusion 230 in each flow channel 210a is centered in the second direction D2, so that the two sub-flow channels 211 included in each flow channel 210a have equal widths in the second direction D2.

[0082] Among them, the side surface of the second protrusion 230 facing the heat exchange plate 100 is flush with the side surface of the first protrusion 220, the first groove wall 212, and the second groove wall 213 facing the heat exchange plate 100, so that the heat exchange plate 100 can be connected to the first protrusion 220, the first groove wall 212, the second groove wall 213, and the second protrusion 230 at the same time.

[0083] It is understandable that in other embodiments, there may be multiple second protrusions 230 in one flow channel 210 a , and the multiple second protrusions 230 are arranged side by side along the second direction D2 to separate the flow channel 210 a into at least three sub-flow channels 211 .

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, along the width direction (second direction D2 ) of the cold plate 10 , at least one second air channel 231 on the second protrusion 230 is aligned with at least one first air channel 221 on the first protrusion 220 .

[0085] It is understandable that the second air channel 231 is aligned with the first air channel 221 , so that the gaseous refrigerant can pass through the first air channel 221 and the second air channel 231 more quickly and finally be discharged from the outlet 102 .

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, in the second direction D2 , the three second air channels 231 on the second convex portion 230 are aligned with the three first air channels 221 on the first convex portion 220 .

[0087] Of course, in other embodiments, the first air channel 221 of the first convex portion 220 and the second air channel 231 of the second convex portion 230 may also be staggered in the second direction D2.

[0088] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of first heat conducting portions 240 are convexly provided on the bottom surface of the groove 210 , and at least one first heat conducting portion 240 is in contact with the heat exchange plate 100 .

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, the first heat conducting part 240 is connected to the heat exchange plate 100, which improves the structural strength of the cold plate 10 and meets the high pressure resistance requirement of the cold plate 10; on the other hand, due to gravity, the liquid refrigerant will be located below the gaseous refrigerant, so that the liquid refrigerant will partially immerse the first heat conducting part 240; by arranging multiple first heat conducting parts 240 between the heat exchange plate 100 and the flow channel plate 200, the heat of the heat exchange plate 100 can be transferred to the liquid refrigerant through the first heat conducting part 240, causing the liquid refrigerant to vaporize and absorb heat; therefore, the first heat conducting part 240 can also play a role in accelerating heat exchange.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, along the thickness direction (third direction D3) of the cold plate 10, the first heat conducting portions 240 are arranged at a first density in the area of ​​the cold plate 10 corresponding to the battery module in the groove 210, while the first heat conducting portions 240 are arranged at a second density in the remaining area of ​​the groove 210; the first density is greater than the second density. "Density" refers to the number of first heat conducting portions 240 per unit area; a higher density indicates a greater number of first heat conducting portions 240 per unit area.

[0091] Specifically, the area corresponding to the groove 210 and the battery module is defined as A1 ( Figure 3 A1 corresponds to the sub-channel 211, and the rest of the groove 210 is defined as A2 ( Figure 3A1 arranges the first heat conducting parts 240 at a first density, and A2 arranges the second heat conducting parts 110 at a second density.

[0092] According to the above analysis, the first heat conducting parts 240 can accelerate heat exchange. The greater the density of the first heat conducting parts 240 , the higher the heat exchange efficiency.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging more first heat conducting parts 240 in the area corresponding to the groove 210 and the battery module and arranging fewer first heat conducting parts 240 in the remaining area of ​​the groove 210, the position with higher heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate 10 can be precisely controlled.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, a second convex portion 230 in a flow channel groove 210a is provided with an A2 region at both ends along the first direction D1, and two sub-flow channels 211 located on both sides of the second convex portion 230 along the second direction D2 are connected through the two A2 regions.

[0095] In one embodiment, the first heat conducting parts 240 in the regions A1 and A2 are arranged in an array along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 , but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0096] It is understandable that the shape of the first heat conducting part 240 can be a cuboid, a cylinder, a prism, etc., and this application does not impose any particular limitation on this.

[0097] Please continue reading Figure 3 One of the first groove walls 212 of the flow channel plate 200 faces one side of the heat exchange plate 100, and has guide grooves 250 at positions corresponding to the inlet 101 and the outlet 102. The two guide grooves 250 are respectively connected to the two flow channel grooves 210a.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide groove 250 corresponding to the inlet 101 can play the role of buffering the refrigerant, effectively preventing the refrigerant near the inlet 101 from flowing too fast and causing an impact on the first heat conduction part 240, thereby preventing the liquid refrigerant from generating turbulence after impacting the first heat conduction part 240, thereby affecting the temperature uniformity; the guide groove 250 corresponding to the outlet 102 can prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing out of the cold plate 10 due to agitation or pressure difference.

[0099] In one embodiment, in the first direction D1 , the two guide grooves 250 correspond to the two second protrusions 230 , respectively.

[0100] Optionally, the orthographic projection shape of the guide groove 250 on the plane where the groove bottom surface of the groove 210 is located is U-shaped, but not limited thereto.

[0101] It is understandable that the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 may be located on the same side of the heat exchange plate 100 , or on different sides of the heat exchange plate 100 .

[0102] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange plate 100 has an inner surface 103 facing the flow channel plate 200. Along the thickness direction of the cold plate 10 (third direction D3), multiple second heat conducting portions 110 are protruding from the inner surface 103 at positions corresponding to the grooves 210. Each second heat conducting portion 110 extends into the grooves 210. The orthographic projections of the first heat conducting portion 240 and the second heat conducting portion 110 on the bottom surface of the grooves 210 do not overlap. In other words, the first heat conducting portion 240 and the second heat conducting portion 110 are staggered in the third direction D3.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present application, a plurality of second heat-conducting portions 110 are protruding from the inner surface 103 of the heat exchange plate 100 and extending into the groove 210. When the liquid refrigerant immerses part of the second heat-conducting portion 110, the second heat-conducting portion 110 can transfer the heat of the heat exchange plate 100 to the liquid refrigerant, causing the liquid refrigerant to vaporize and absorb heat, thereby accelerating heat exchange.

[0104] like Figure 5 As shown, the area corresponding to the inner surface 103 of the heat exchange plate 100 and the battery module is defined as B1 ( Figure 5 In the area circled by the dotted line, the plurality of second heat conducting parts 110 in B1 are arranged in an array along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, each second heat conducting portion 110 has an evaporation surface 111 facing away from the heat exchange plate 100 , and a gap G is defined between the evaporation surface 111 and the bottom surface of the groove 210 .

[0106] In the embodiment of the present application, a gap G is left between the evaporation surface 111 of the second heat conducting portion 110 and the bottom surface of the groove 210 , so that the flow resistance of the second heat conducting portion 110 to the liquid refrigerant is minimized.

[0107] Furthermore, the evaporation surfaces 111 of the multiple second heat conducting parts 110 are flush. In other words, the multiple second heat conducting parts 110 have the same height in the third direction D3. In this embodiment of the present application, a gap G is left between the evaporation surface 111 of the second heat conducting part 110 and the bottom surface of the groove 210, and the multiple evaporation surfaces 111 of the multiple second heat conducting parts 110 are flush, so that the multiple second heat conducting parts 110 can control the liquid refrigerant level.

[0108] In detail, when the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant is high and partially submerges the second heat-conducting part 110, the second heat-conducting part 110 can serve as the evaporation surface of the liquid refrigerant. The second heat-conducting part 110 can transfer the heat of the heat exchange plate 100 to the liquid refrigerant, causing the liquid refrigerant to vaporize. After the liquid refrigerant vaporizes, the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant decreases. When the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant drops to a point where it no longer submerges the second heat-conducting part 110, the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid refrigerant decreases and the evaporation amount becomes smaller. However, the amount of refrigerant injected into the inlet 101 is greater than the evaporation amount, causing the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant to continue to rise until it partially submerges the second heat-conducting part 110 again. This cycle repeats itself, allowing the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant to be maintained near the evaporation surface 111 of the second heat-conducting part 110. On the one hand, this can maintain a high heat exchange efficiency, and on the other hand, it can speed up the refrigeration startup speed.

[0109] It is understandable that the shape of the first heat conducting part 240 can be a cuboid, a cylinder, a prism, etc., and this application does not impose any particular limitation on this.

[0110] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the heat exchange plate 100 of the cold plate 10 is connected to two joint assemblies 300, and the two joint assemblies 300 are respectively connected to the inlet 101 and the outlet 102. The joint assembly 300 includes a male connector 310 and a female connector 320. The female connector 320 is welded to the heat exchange plate 100 of the cold plate 10 and has a sealing flange connected to the box body of the battery pack. The male connector 310 can be inserted into the female connector 320, and a plurality of sealing rings 330 are provided on the outer periphery of the male connector 310, thereby meeting the high pressure resistance requirements. The male connector 310 is used to connect to the external refrigerant pipeline.

[0111] The male connector 310 and the female connector 320 can be connected by bolts. The first threaded hole 311 on the male connector 310 can be a through hole, and the second threaded hole 321 on the female connector 320 can be a blind hole, with bolts threaded into the first threaded hole 311 and the second threaded hole 321. The connector assembly 300 of the embodiment of the present application is easy to disassemble and assemble, enabling pack-level maintenance. Pack-level maintenance means that each battery pack can be removed from the external refrigerant pipeline to enable maintenance of the individual battery packs.

[0112] Of course, in other embodiments, the through hole on the male connector 310 may also be a plain hole, through which the bolt passes and is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole 321 .

[0113] like Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, a protrusion 120 is provided on the surface of the heat exchange plate 100 facing away from the flow channel plate 200; a groove 121 is provided on the inner surface 103 of the heat exchange plate 100 at a position corresponding to the protrusion 120, and the groove 121 is recessed from the inner surface 103 along the thickness direction of the cold plate (the third direction D3) into the protrusion 120; the outlet 102 passes through the surface of the protrusion 120 facing away from the flow channel plate 200 and the bottom surface of the groove 121.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, the outlet 102 is arranged on the protrusion 120, so that the outlet 102 is higher than the inlet 101. On the one hand, the risk of liquid refrigerant overflowing from the outlet 102 is reduced; on the other hand, since the gaseous refrigerant is located above the liquid refrigerant, the outlet 102 is higher than the inlet 101, making it easier for the gaseous refrigerant to be discharged from the outlet 102, thereby accelerating the refrigerant exchange.

[0115] like Figure 8 As shown, the cooling system of an embodiment of the present application includes a cold plate 10, a compressor 20, a condenser 30, a first throttle valve 40 and a second throttle valve 50 according to any of the above embodiments, the first throttle valve 40 is connected to the inlet 101 of the cold plate 10, the second throttle valve 50 is connected to the outlet 102 of the cold plate 10, the compressor 20 is connected to the first throttle valve 40 through the condenser 30, and the second throttle valve 50 is connected to the condenser 30 through the compressor 20.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the openings of the first throttle valve 40 and the second throttle valve 50, the evaporation pressure in the cold plate 10 can be controlled, and the groove 210 of the cold plate 10 is designed as a liquid storage tank, that is, each area in the groove 210 is in a mixed state of liquid refrigerant and gaseous refrigerant, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity.

[0117] In addition, when the energy storage system detects that a battery pack has a high risk of thermal runaway, it can control the external refrigerant to be concentratedly supplied to the battery pack with a higher risk of thermal runaway, and adjust the opening of the second throttle valve 50 corresponding to the battery pack to the maximum, so that the refrigerant can evaporate quickly and absorb heat in large quantities, and the evaporation temperature is greatly reduced, thereby achieving sudden cooling of the battery module of the battery pack, thereby preventing thermal runaway.

[0118] like Figure 9 As shown, the present application further provides an electric device 4 , which includes the energy storage device 1 described in the above embodiment, and the energy storage device 1 supplies power to the electric device 4 .

[0119] The electrical equipment 4 may include but is not limited to: vehicles, household appliances, industrial equipment, etc.

[0120] It is understandable that the various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without causing any contradiction, and they will not be illustrated one by one here.

[0121] In the application examples, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined. Terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the application examples can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0122] In the description of the application embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the application embodiments and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the application embodiments.

[0123] Throughout this specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," and "specific embodiments" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the claimed invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0124] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold plate, characterized in that: include: The heat exchange plate has an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet penetrate the heat exchange plate along the thickness direction of the heat exchange plate; as well as A flow channel plate is stacked with the heat exchange plate; the flow channel plate has a groove on a side facing the heat exchange plate, the groove is connected to the inlet and the outlet; a first heat conducting portion is convexly provided on the bottom surface of the groove, and the first heat conducting portion is in contact with the heat exchange plate; The heat exchange plate has an inner surface facing the flow channel plate, and a second heat conducting portion is protruded from the inner surface at a position corresponding to the groove in the thickness direction of the cold plate, and the second heat conducting portion extends into the groove; the second heat conducting portion has an evaporation surface facing away from the heat exchange plate, and a gap is formed between the evaporation surface and the bottom surface of the groove; The orthographic projections of the first heat conducting portion and the second heat conducting portion on the bottom surface of the groove do not have overlapping areas.

2. The cold plate according to claim 1, wherein There are multiple second heat conducting parts, and the evaporation surfaces of the multiple second heat conducting parts are flush with each other.

3. The cold plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A first convex portion is provided on the bottom surface of the groove, the first convex portion is connected to the heat exchange plate, and one end of the first convex portion is connected to the groove wall of the groove, and the groove is divided into mutually connected flow channels, and the flow channels are connected to the inlet and the outlet; A first air passage is formed on a side of the first convex portion facing the heat exchange plate, and the first air passage penetrates the first convex portion along a width direction of the first convex portion.

4. The cold plate according to claim 3, characterized in that A second convex portion is provided on the bottom surface of each flow channel groove, the second convex portion is connected to the heat exchange plate, and divides the flow channel groove into mutually communicating sub-flow channels; A second air passage is formed on a side of the second convex portion facing the heat exchange plate, and the second air passage penetrates the second convex portion along a width direction of the second convex portion.

5. The cold plate according to claim 4, characterized in that Along the width direction of the cold plate, the second air channels on the second protrusion are aligned with the first air channels on the first protrusion.

6. The cold plate according to claim 3, wherein A guide groove is provided on one side of the flow channel plate facing the heat exchange plate and at positions corresponding to the inlet and the outlet, and the guide groove is communicated with the flow channel groove.

7. The cold plate according to claim 1, wherein A convex portion is provided on a surface of the heat exchange plate on a side facing away from the flow channel plate; A recessed groove is provided at a position on the inner surface corresponding to the raised portion, and the recessed groove is recessed from the inner surface along the thickness direction of the cold plate into the raised portion; The outlet passes through a side surface of the protrusion facing away from the flow channel plate and a bottom surface of the sink.

8. A cooling system, characterized in that: The cold plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a compressor, a condenser, a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve, wherein the first throttle valve is connected to the inlet of the cold plate, the second throttle valve is connected to the outlet of the cold plate, the compressor is connected to the first throttle valve through the condenser, and the second throttle valve is connected to the condenser through the compressor.

9. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: Battery modules; as well as The cold plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heat exchange plate of the cold plate is attached to the battery module.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the cold plate, the first heat conducting parts are arranged at a first density in the area of ​​the cold plate corresponding to the battery module, and the first heat conducting parts are arranged at a second density in the remaining area of ​​the groove; The first density is greater than the second density.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the cold plate, a second heat conducting portion is protruded from a position on the inner surface of the heat exchange plate of the cold plate corresponding to the battery module.

12. An electrical device, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises the energy storage device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment.

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