Laminated elastic sheet jack structure and connector for rail transit converter system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric connectors, and provides a laminated elastic sheet jack structure and a connector for a rail transit conversion system, the jack structure comprises a jack rear sleeve and elastic sheet assemblies symmetrically arranged on two sides of the jack rear sleeve, and each elastic sheet assembly comprises an inner-layer elastic sheet and an outer-layer elastic sheet. The tail end of the inner-layer elastic sheet comprises a plurality of first elastic claws which are arranged side by side, and a first contact part is arranged on one side, facing the sheet-type contact pin, of each first elastic claw; the tail end of the outer-layer elastic sheet comprises a plurality of second elastic claws arranged side by side, one side, facing the sheet-type contact pin, of each second elastic claw is provided with a second contact part, the inner-layer elastic sheet comprises a first copper alloy material, and the outer-layer elastic sheet comprises a second copper alloy material; therefore, the differentiated performance requirements that the outer-layer elastic piece needs large elastic deformation and the inner-layer elastic piece needs high conductivity are met, the large-current bearing capacity is improved, meanwhile, the outer-layer material is resistant to fatigue, the inner-layer material is resistant to abrasion and corrosion, and the service life of the connector is jointly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical connectors, and in particular to a laminated spring-type jack structure and a connector for a rail transit converter system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of intelligent and high-speed electrified railways, traditional converters have been unable to meet the lightweight and miniaturized design requirements of certain special applications. Reducing volume and weight has become a new development trend.

[0003] High frequency is the most commonly used method at this stage. It can not only reduce the size and weight of components, but also effectively increase power density. Due to the skin effect of high-frequency current, when a conductor passes through a high-frequency current, the current density gradually decreases from the surface of the conductor to the center. Under the premise of the same conductor cross-sectional area, compared with circular pin and socket contacts, rectangular sheet contacts have a larger effective flow area. In addition, sheet contacts have the advantages of simple processing, high production efficiency, and low cost. Therefore, sheet contacts are more in line with the application requirements of rail transit converter systems. However, existing sheet sockets usually have low contact force and weak deformation resistance, which will lead to increased contact resistance and increased temperature rise. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a laminated spring-type jack structure and a connector for a rail transit converter system, so as to solve the problem that the existing connector has a weak anti-deformation ability and thus causes increased contact resistance.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a laminated spring-type jack structure for a rail transit converter system, comprising: a jack back sleeve and spring-type assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the jack back sleeve to form a jack for plugging with a chip pin; the spring-type assemblies include an inner spring sheet and an outer spring sheet, the end of the inner spring sheet includes a plurality of first spring claws arranged side by side, and the first spring claws are provided with a first contact portion on the side facing the chip pin; the end of the outer spring sheet includes a plurality of second spring claws arranged side by side, and the second spring claws are provided with a second contact portion on the side facing the chip pin, the second contact portion is located in the area between adjacent first contact portions, and the two second contact portions corresponding to the two sides of the jack back sleeve are located. The distance between the parts is smaller than the distance between the corresponding two first contact parts, and the second contact part is farther away from the socket back cover than the first contact part; the stiffness ratio of the inner spring sheet to the outer spring sheet is 1.1~1.2, wherein the inner spring sheet includes a first copper alloy material, the outer spring sheet includes a second copper alloy material, and the elastic modulus ratio of the second copper alloy material to the first copper alloy material is 1.02~1.12; and the width ratio of the first contact part to the width ratio of the second contact part is 1.1~1.3; the bending angle ratio of the first spring claw close to one end of the socket back cover to the bending angle ratio of the second spring claw close to one end of the socket back cover is 0.85~0.95.

[0006] In one possible embodiment, the width of the first contact portion is 28~36 mm, and the width of the second contact portion is 22~30 mm; the bending angle of the first spring claw close to the end of the rear sleeve of the socket is 118~128°, and the bending angle of the second spring claw close to the end of the rear sleeve of the socket is 130~145°.

[0007] In one possible embodiment, the surface of the inner spring piece is provided with a first composite coating, which is coated on the surface of the first copper alloy material; the first composite coating is based on silver, with gold and nickel particles or thin layers added, as well as carbon nanotubes or graphene flakes added.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the first composite coating has a silver content of 88% to 95%, a gold content of 1% to 3%, a nickel content of 3% to 6%, and a carbon nanotube or graphene flake content of 0.5% to 2%.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the surface of the outer spring piece is provided with a second composite coating, and the second composite coating is coated on the surface of the second copper alloy material; the second composite coating is based on silver, and the reinforcing phase is a mixed particle of tin dioxide and indium oxide.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the second composite coating has a silver content of 85% to 92%, a tin dioxide content of 5% to 10%, and an indium oxide content of 3% to 8%, and the total content of tin dioxide and indium oxide is ensured to be 8% to 15%.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the electrical conductivity of the first copper alloy material is greater than the electrical conductivity of the second copper alloy material.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the electrical conductivity of the first copper alloy material is ≥80% IACS, and the electrical conductivity of the second copper alloy material is ≥25% IACS.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the inner spring piece includes a first connection portion for connecting to the jack back sleeve, and a plurality of the first spring claws are arranged side by side at the end of the first connection portion away from the jack back sleeve; the outer spring piece includes a second connection portion for connecting to the jack back sleeve, and a plurality of the second spring claws are arranged side by side at the end of the second connection portion away from the jack back sleeve; the second connection portion located on the same side of the jack back sleeve is stacked with the first connection portion, and the second connection portion is located on the outer layer of the first connection portion.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the region of the first spring claw used to connect to the first contact portion is tilted so that an inverted triangular slot region is formed between adjacent first spring claws, and the second contact portion is located in the inverted triangular slot region.

[0015] In one possible implementation manner, a portion of the second elastic claw between the second contact portion and the second connecting portion overlaps with an adjacent portion of the first elastic claw.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first copper alloy material is C18160, and the second copper alloy material is C17200.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a connector comprising a sheet-type pin and a socket cooperating with the sheet-type pin, wherein the socket adopts the laminated spring-type socket structure as described in the first aspect.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following technical effects: The laminated spring clip jack structure provided by the present invention has different elastic properties and conductive properties by specially designing the relevant material properties and structural parameters of the structural characteristics of the inner and outer spring clips, thereby meeting the differentiated performance requirements of the outer spring clip requiring larger elastic deformation and the inner spring clip requiring higher conductivity. That is, the high elasticity and fatigue resistance of the outer spring clip ensure that it can still provide stable contact pressure after long-term plugging and unplugging, and the high conductivity and strength of the inner spring clip ensure low and stable contact resistance. The high-conductivity material is directly located in the main current path, which can minimize resistance and heat generation, and is conducive to improving the large current carrying capacity. At the same time, the outer layer material is fatigue-resistant and the inner layer material is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, which together extend the service life of the connector. Only expensive high-conductivity materials are used in the inner layer, and more cost-effective high-elastic materials are used in the outer layer, which is conducive to cost control. Both materials have good anti-relaxation properties, which prevent the problem of contact pressure drop after long-term pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laminated spring-type jack structure for a rail transit converter system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of a laminated spring-type jack structure for a rail transit converter system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A front view of a laminated spring-type jack structure for a rail transit converter system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] icon: 100 - rear cover of the socket; 100a - bump; 200 - spring clip assembly; 210 - inner spring clip; 211 - first spring claw; 211a - first contact portion; 212 - first connecting portion; 220 - outer spring clip; 221 - second spring claw; 221a - second contact portion; 222 - second connecting portion; 300 - fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless specifically defined as such, will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0024] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a," "an," "said," and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. The term "and / or" used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention and how the technical solution of the present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments.

[0026] Combine Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laminated spring-clip jack structure for a rail transit converter system, comprising a jack housing 100 and spring-clip assemblies 200 symmetrically arranged on either side of the housing 100. The spring-clip assemblies 200 on either side form a jack for plugging into a sheet-type pin. The housing 100 can be understood as a mounting carrier for the spring-clip assemblies 200. The main structure of the housing 100 is generally cylindrical, with a protrusion 100a provided at the end thereof. The protrusion 100a has two relatively parallel surfaces, each for securing a corresponding spring-clip assembly 200.

[0027] Optionally, the two groups of spring clip assemblies 200 are respectively fixed to the corresponding surfaces of the protrusions 100a by bolt fasteners 300, thereby forming relatively arranged spring clip assemblies 200 on the socket back sleeve 100, and the gap between the two groups of spring clip assemblies 200 forms a socket structure for plugging with the chip pins. The chip pins are inserted between the spring clip assemblies 200 and are clamped and contacted by the spring clip assemblies 200, thereby achieving a stable electrical connection.

[0028] Specifically, the spring element assembly 200 includes an inner spring element 210 and an outer spring element 220, meaning each spring element assembly 200 comprises a two-layer laminated spring element structure. The inner spring element 210 includes a plurality of first spring claws 211 arranged side by side at its distal end. The first spring claws 211 are located at the end of the inner spring element 210 away from the socket rear housing 100. The first spring claws 211 are bent and their distal ends tilt outward, forming a protrusion in the bent region facing the sheet-type pins. This protrusion is the first contact portion 211a. The outer spring element 220 includes a plurality of second spring claws 221 arranged side by side at its distal end. The second spring claws 221 are located at the end of the inner spring element 210 away from the socket rear housing 100. The second spring claws 221 are bent and their distal ends tilt outward, forming a protrusion in the bent region facing the sheet-type pins. This protrusion is the second contact portion 221a. The second contact portion 221a is located in the area between two adjacent first contact portions 211a. The distance between the two corresponding second contact portions 221a on both sides of the jack rear sleeve 100 is smaller than the distance between the corresponding two first contact portions 211a. In other words, the second contact portion 221a of the outer spring piece 220 is closer to the chip pin or the center area of ​​the jack than the first contact portion 211a of the inner spring piece 210, and the second contact portion 221a is farther away from the jack rear sleeve 100 than the first contact portion 211a. In this way, the second contact portion 221a is the first part to contact the chip pin when the chip pin is inserted.

[0029] It can be understood that the outer spring clip 220 is mainly responsible for receiving the insertion and extraction force and initial deformation, and bears the maximum bending stress and strain during the mutual insertion process, and needs to be repeatedly elastically deformed. Therefore, the outer spring clip 220 needs to have a high elastic limit, high yield strength, excellent stress relaxation resistance, and good fatigue life (anti-cyclic deformation ability); while the inner spring clip 210 mainly undertakes the core tasks of stable contact and current transmission. The first contact portion 211a directly forms a final, stable electrical contact interface with the chip-type pin board (the outer spring clip 220 also forms an electrical contact surface, but the emphasis is different from that of the inner spring clip 210). The inner spring clip 210 withstands the pressure transmitted by the outer spring clip 220, but its own bending deformation is relatively small. It mainly withstands static or quasi-static contact pressure. Therefore, the material selected for the inner spring clip 210 needs to have extremely high electrical conductivity (low resistance), excellent thermal conductivity (heat dissipation), good anti-fretting wear ability, and stable contact resistance (low resistance and small fluctuation).

[0030] In order to meet the above performance requirements, this application designs the stiffness ratio of the inner and outer spring sheets to be 1.1~1.2; the reason is that the deformation of the outer spring sheet is greater than that of the inner spring sheet. In order to ensure that the spring sheet can recover after a large deformation, the stiffness of the outer spring sheet needs to be greater than that of the inner spring sheet.

[0031] To meet the aforementioned stiffness ratio requirements, embodiments of the present invention require appropriate configuration of the material, elastic modulus, and corresponding dimensional parameter ratios of the inner spring fragment. The inner spring fragment 210 comprises a first copper alloy material, which is a copper alloy material with high electrical conductivity, good thermal conductivity, and moderate strength. This material has high electrical and thermal conductivity, with a thermal conductivity of approximately 302 W / (mk). Through precipitation strengthening, it possesses strength, hardness, and softening temperature far exceeding that of pure copper. It can withstand the necessary contact pressure and resist a certain degree of fretting wear, and also exhibits excellent high-temperature stability and stress relaxation resistance (superior to pure copper). The outer spring fragment 220 comprises a second copper alloy material, which is a copper alloy material with high strength and elasticity. This material has high strength, hardness, elastic limit, and fatigue strength, as well as good stress relaxation resistance, good electrical conductivity, good formability, and thermal stability. Its thermal conductivity is approximately 105 W / (mk). The ratio of the elastic modulus of the second copper alloy material to the first copper alloy material is 1-1.2, meaning that the elasticity of the outer spring piece 220 is higher than that of the inner spring piece 210, and the conductivity of the inner spring piece 210 is higher than that of the outer spring piece 220. Furthermore, the ratio of the width of the first contact portion 211a to the width of the second contact portion 221a is 1.1-1.3, and the ratio of the bending angle of the first spring claw near the rear sleeve to the bending angle of the second spring claw near the rear sleeve is 0.85-0.95.

[0032] Optionally, the width of the first contact portion 211a is 28-36 mm, and the width of the second contact portion 221a is 22-30 mm, that is, the width of the first contact portion 211a is greater than the width of the second contact portion 221a; the bending angle α of the first spring claw 211 close to the end of the jack sleeve 100 is 118-128 degrees, and the bending angle β of the second spring claw 221 close to the end of the jack sleeve 100 is 130-145 degrees. By setting the parameters of the inner spring sheet 210 and the outer spring sheet 220, and combining the elastic modulus ratio of the first alloy material and the second alloy material, the inner spring sheet 210 is The stiffness ratio of the outer spring sheet 220 is within the range of 1.1 to 1.2, thereby achieving the mechanical and other performance requirements of the jack for the inner and outer spring sheets. The specific principle is that the stiffness ratio of a part is related to the material properties and structural properties used therein. The material properties mainly refer to the elastic modulus, and the structural properties mainly refer to the cross-sectional area and length of the part. The outer spring sheet is narrower than the inner spring sheet, but longer than the inner spring sheet. The two parts have the same thickness and the difference in the elastic modulus of the material is small. Therefore, the stiffness ratio is mainly affected by the part structure. Combined with the cross-sectional area and length dimensions, the stiffness ratio of the inner and outer spring sheets can be controlled within 1.1 to 1.2.

[0033] Optionally, the first copper alloy material is C18160 and the second copper alloy material is C17200, thereby meeting the above parameter design requirements.

[0034] Optionally, the electrical conductivity of the first copper alloy material is greater than that of the second copper alloy material, the electrical conductivity of the first copper alloy material is ≥80% IACS, and the electrical conductivity of the second copper alloy material is ≥25% IACS.

[0035] The laminated spring clip jack structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention has different elastic and conductive properties by specially designing the relevant material properties and structural parameters based on the structural characteristics of the inner spring clip 210 and the outer spring clip 220, thereby meeting the differentiated performance requirements of the outer spring clip 220 requiring greater elastic deformation and the inner spring clip 210 requiring higher conductivity. That is, the high elasticity and fatigue resistance of the outer spring clip 220 ensure that it can still provide stable contact pressure after long-term plugging and unplugging. The high conductivity and strength of the inner spring clip 210 ensure low and stable contact resistance. The high-conductivity material is directly located in the main current path, which can minimize resistance and heat generation, and is conducive to improving high-current carrying capacity. At the same time, the outer material is fatigue-resistant, and the inner material is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, which together extend the service life of the connector. In addition, only expensive high-conductivity materials are used in the inner layer, and more cost-effective high-elastic materials are used in the outer layer to help control costs. Both materials have good relaxation resistance, which prevents the problem of contact pressure drop after long-term pressure.

[0036] In some embodiments, based on the material properties and functional requirements of the inner spring clip 210, a first composite coating is provided on the surface of the inner spring clip 210. The first composite coating is coated on the surface of the second copper alloy material. The first composite coating is an ultra-low contact resistance silver sulfide-precious metal-carbon composite coating. This coating can make the inner spring clip have a lower stable contact resistance and provide stronger resistance to environmental corrosion, while having good wear resistance and excellent thermal conductivity.

[0037] Specifically, the first composite coating uses silver (Ag) as a matrix, with gold (Au) and nickel (Ni) particles or thin layers, as well as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene flakes. The Au-containing particles are nanometer-sized, forming a protective layer or solid solution on the Ag surface, preventing corrosive media such as sulfur and oxygen from reacting with Ag. The addition of Ni particles or thin layers further improves the coating's hardness and wear resistance (resists fretting wear), acting as a diffusion barrier for precious metals and enhancing coating adhesion. The addition of CNTs or graphene flakes provides solid lubrication, reducing friction and fretting wear, while also enhancing the electrical and thermal conductivity network and maximizing mechanical strength. The chemical inertness of the carbon material itself helps the shrapnel resist corrosion, improving conductivity and durability.

[0038] The specific spraying process is: using a high-temperature plasma arc to melt the silver-based powder and spraying it onto the surface of the substrate at high speed to form a coating.

[0039] Optionally, in the first composite coating, the silver content is 88% to 95%, the gold content is 1% to 3%, the nickel content is 3% to 6%, and the carbon nanotube or graphene flake content is 0.5% to 2% (uniformly dispersed). Such a proportion setting ensures electrical conductivity while also taking into account good wear resistance and excellent thermal conductivity.

[0040] In some embodiments, based on the material properties and functional requirements of the outer spring clip 220, a second composite coating is provided on the surface of the outer spring clip 220. The second composite coating is coated on the surface of the first copper alloy material. The second composite coating is a highly wear-resistant and arc-resistant silver-oxide coating. This coating is intended to improve the wear resistance during the plugging and unplugging process to resist friction and wear, while also improving resistance to arc erosion.

[0041] Specifically, the second composite coating is based on silver (Ag) and the reinforcement phase is tin dioxide ( ) and indium oxide ( ) mixed particles, It has excellent wear resistance, arc erosion resistance (high melting point, good thermal stability), and good oxidation resistance. Can improve the conductivity of the coating (itself is a transparent conductive oxide) and improve The dispersion has synergistic wear resistance and anti-arcing effects.

[0042] The specific spraying process may be: a silver-based solution may be rotary atomized and uniformly deposited on the surface of the substrate to form a coating.

[0043] Optionally, in the second composite coating, the silver content is 85% to 92%, the tin dioxide content is 5% to 10%, and the indium oxide content is 3% to 8%, and the total content of tin dioxide and indium oxide is ensured to be 8% to 15%. Within this total ratio range, the respective content ratios of tin dioxide and indium oxide are dynamically adjusted to balance wear resistance and conductivity.

[0044] The combination of the outer spring sheet material and composite coating provided in this embodiment solves the problems of plug-in wear and arc erosion of the outer spring sheet, protects the highly elastic substrate, and ensures long-term pressure stability. The material and coating combination of the inner spring sheet solves the core issues of minimizing the inner spring sheet's contact resistance, long-term stability, and environmental corrosion resistance, ensuring reliable and efficient high-current paths. Moreover, the combination of the spring sheet material and the coating is not a simple superposition, but rather produces a 1+1>2 effect. This all-round differentiated design, from substrate to coating, is the key to achieving breakthroughs in overall connector performance (high current, high reliability, and long life).

[0045] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 , this embodiment further illustrates the specific structure of the inner spring piece and the outer spring piece 220.

[0046] Specifically, the inner spring piece 210 includes a first connecting portion 212, which is connected to the surface of the protrusion 100a of the jack rear housing 100 via a fastener 300. A plurality of first spring claws 211 are arranged side by side at the end of the first connecting portion 212 away from the jack rear housing 100. Specifically, one end of the first connecting portion 212 is connected to the protrusion 100a on the jack rear housing 100, and the other end of the first connecting portion 212 is connected to the plurality of first spring claws 211. A certain gap is provided between adjacent first spring claws 211 to ensure that the second contact portion 221a of the second spring claw 221 is exposed. Optionally, the plurality of first spring claws 211 and the first connecting portion 212 are integrally formed.

[0047] Similarly, the outer spring piece 220 includes a second connecting portion 222, which is used to connect to the protrusion 100a of the jack rear housing 100 via a fastener 300. Specifically, the second connecting portion 222, located on the same side of the protrusion 100a, is laminated on the outside of the corresponding first connecting portion 212. After lamination, the two are fixed to the same side of the jack rear housing 100 via the same fastener 300. A plurality of second spring claws 221 are arranged side by side at the end of the second connecting portion 222 away from the jack rear housing 100. Specifically, one end of the second connecting portion 222 is connected to the protrusion 100a of the jack rear housing 100, and the other end of the second connecting portion 222 is connected to the plurality of second spring claws 221. The second contact portions 221a of the second spring claws 221 are located in the area between the first contact portions 211a of adjacent first spring claws 211. It should be noted that in the aforementioned embodiment, the bending angle of the first spring claw 211 near the end of the socket rear sleeve 100 is the bending angle of the proximal end of the first spring claw 211 relative to the first connecting portion 212, and the bending angle of the second spring claw 221 near the end of the socket rear sleeve 100 is the bending angle of the proximal end of the second spring claw 221 relative to the second connecting portion 222. The size of the bending angle will affect the bending performance of the spring claw.

[0048] Optionally, continue to Figure 2 The first spring claw 211 is used to connect the area of ​​the first contact portion 211a and is tilted so that an inverted triangular groove area is formed between adjacent first spring claws 211, and the second contact portion 221a is located in the inverted triangular groove area, thereby realizing the staggered arrangement of the first contact portion 211a and the second contact portion 221a to avoid interference between the first contact portion 211a and the second contact portion 221a.

[0049] Optionally, a straight groove can also be opened between the first spring claws 211 of the inner spring clip 210. This not only increases the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the spring clip and improves the current carrying capacity of the spring clip, but also enables the spring clip to obtain a larger surface area and improve the heat dissipation performance of the product through the silver-based composite structure coating.

[0050] Furthermore, the portion of the second spring claw 221 between the second contact portion 221a and the second connecting portion 222 overlaps with the adjacent first spring claw 211, so that the first spring claw 211 and the outer second spring claw 221 can play a mutual supporting role, which not only improves the reliability of the second spring claw 221, but also effectively enhances the contact force of the contact portion, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the socket.

[0051] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a connector, including a sheet-type pin and a socket that cooperates with the sheet-type pin, wherein the socket adopts the laminated spring-type socket structure as described in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0052] The connector provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a jack structure that specifically designs the structural characteristics of the inner and outer spring clips 210, 220 with respect to material properties and structural parameters. This allows the inner and outer spring clips 210, 220 to have different elastic and conductive properties, thereby meeting the differentiated performance requirements of the outer spring clip 220 requiring greater elastic deformation and the inner spring clip 210 requiring higher conductivity. Specifically, the high elasticity and fatigue resistance of the outer spring clip 220 ensures stable contact pressure even after long-term plugging and unplugging. The high conductivity and strength of the inner spring clip 210 ensure low and stable contact resistance. Furthermore, the high-conductivity material is directly located in the main current path, which minimizes resistance and heat generation, thereby improving high-current carrying capacity. Furthermore, the outer material is fatigue-resistant, while the inner material is wear- and corrosion-resistant, thereby extending the service life of the connector. Furthermore, the use of expensive high-conductivity materials only in the inner layer, while using more cost-effective high-elastic materials in the outer layer, facilitates cost control. Both materials exhibit good relaxation resistance, preventing a drop in contact pressure after long-term pressure, thereby improving the electrical conductivity and durability of the connector.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, which are exemplary and only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0054] Example 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a laminated spring-type jack structure, comprising a jack housing 100 and spring-type assemblies 200 symmetrically arranged on either side of the jack housing 100. The spring-type assemblies 200 include an inner spring 210 and an outer spring 220. The inner spring 210 includes a plurality of first spring claws 211 arranged side by side at its distal end, each of which has a first contact portion 211a disposed on the side facing the sheet-type pin. The outer spring 220 includes a plurality of second spring claws 221 arranged side by side at its distal end, each of which has a second contact portion 221a disposed on the side facing the sheet-type pin. The second contact portions 221a are located between adjacent first contact portions 211a.

[0055] The stiffness ratio of the inner spring fragment 210 to the outer spring fragment 220 is 1.15. The inner spring fragment 210 is made of a first copper alloy material, C18160. The surface of the inner spring fragment 210 is provided with a first composite coating. This first composite coating is based on Ag and contains Au and Ni particles, as well as carbon nanotubes. The silver content is 92%, the gold content is 2%, the nickel content is 5%, and the carbon nanotube content is 1%.

[0056] The outer spring fragment 220 comprises a second copper alloy material, C17200. The second composite coating is based on silver, with a reinforcing phase consisting of mixed particles of tin dioxide and indium oxide. The silver content is 88%, the tin dioxide content is 8%, and the indium oxide content is 4%. The elastic modulus ratio between the outer spring fragment 220 and the inner spring fragment 210 is 1.08. The first contact portion 211a has a width of 32 mm, and the second contact portion 221a has a width of 26 mm. The first spring claw 211 has a bending angle of 123° near the end of the socket rear cover 100, while the second spring claw 221 has a bending angle of 138° near the end of the socket rear cover 100.

[0057] Through the comprehensive design of the spring material, coating parameters, and structure of Example 1, tests were conducted according to Method A specified in Test 16e of GB / T 5095.8-1997, resulting in a separation force of 40N and a soft feel for the spring jack. Tests were conducted according to Test 2b of GB / T 5095.2-1997, and the contact resistance was measured to be ≤0.2mΩ in the initial state. After the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤0.3mΩ, meeting the requirement that the post-test contact resistance value be no greater than twice that before the test. Tests were conducted according to Test 9b of GB / T 5095.5-1997, and temperature rise tests verified that the chip jack of this embodiment had a temperature rise 7°C lower than a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0058] Example 2 The laminated spring-type jack structure of Example 2 refers to Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that neither the inner spring nor the outer spring contains a plating layer.

[0059] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 41N. The initial contact resistance was ≤2.5mΩ. After the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤5.2mΩ, which does not meet the requirement that the post-test contact resistance value be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise value of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was similar to that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0060] The test results of Example 2 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness, the part substrate contact resistance is large, and the temperature rise values ​​are similar.

[0061] Example 3 The laminated spring-type jack structure of Example 3 refers to Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the silver content in the first composite plating layer is 98%, and the nickel content is 2%.

[0062] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 40.5N. The initial contact resistance was ≤0.4mΩ, and after the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤0.8mΩ, meeting the requirement that the contact resistance after the test be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was approximately 4°C lower than that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0063] The test results of Example 3 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness. After the part is coated, the contact resistance is significantly improved and the temperature rise is reduced.

[0064] Example 4 The laminated spring-type jack structure of Example 4 refers to Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the silver content in the first composite plating layer is 88%, the gold content is 2%, and the nickel content is 10%.

[0065] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 40.2N. The initial contact resistance was ≤0.4mΩ, and after the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤0.8mΩ, meeting the requirement that the contact resistance after the test be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was approximately 4°C lower than that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0066] The test results of Example 4 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness. After the part is coated, the contact resistance is significantly improved and the temperature rise is reduced.

[0067] Example 5 The laminated spring-type jack structure of Example 5 refers to Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the silver content in the second composite coating is 95%, and the tin dioxide content is 5% (excluding indium oxide).

[0068] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 40.5N. The initial contact resistance was ≤0.6mΩ, and after the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤1.2mΩ, meeting the requirement that the contact resistance after the test be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was approximately 2°C lower than that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0069] The test results of Example 5 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness. After the part is coated, the contact resistance is significantly improved and the temperature rise is reduced.

[0070] Example 6 The laminated spring-type jack structure of Example 6 refers to Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the silver content in the second composite coating is 85%, the tin dioxide content is 10%, and the indium oxide content is 5%.

[0071] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 40.3N. The initial contact resistance was ≤0.5mΩ. After the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤1mΩ, meeting the requirement that the post-test contact resistance value be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was approximately 2°C lower than that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0072] The test results of Example 6 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness. After the part is coated, the contact resistance is significantly improved and the temperature rise is reduced.

[0073] Comparative Example 1 The laminated spring-type jack structure of Comparative Example 1 refers to Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that both the inner spring and the outer spring in Comparative Example 1 are made of T2 (industrial pure copper).

[0074] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 4.7 N. The initial contact resistance was ≤ 2.7 mΩ. After the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤ 5.4 mΩ, which does not meet the requirement that the post-test contact resistance value be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise value of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was similar to that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0075] The test results of comparative example 1 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness, the part substrate contact resistance is large, and the temperature rise values ​​are similar.

[0076] Comparative Example 2 The laminated spring sheet inserting structure of comparative example 2 refers to that of embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 1 in that the stiffness ratio of the inner spring sheet to the outer spring sheet is 0.8.

[0077] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 36N. The initial contact resistance was ≤0.5mΩ. After the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤1mΩ, meeting the requirement that the post-test contact resistance value be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was approximately 2°C lower than that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0078] The test results of Example 2 show that the separation force of the spring is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness, but the stiffness ratio is less than 1.1, and the corresponding positive pressure decreases accordingly, which will affect the contact resistance. After the part is coated, the contact resistance is improved and the temperature rise value is reduced.

[0079] Comparative Example 3 The laminated spring sheet inserting structure of comparative example 3 refers to that of embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 1 in that the stiffness ratio of the inner spring sheet to the outer spring sheet is 1.5.

[0080] According to the test method of Example 1, the separation force of the spring-type jack was approximately 50N. The initial contact resistance was ≤0.4mΩ. After the mechanical life test, the contact resistance was ≤0.8mΩ, meeting the requirement that the post-test contact resistance value be no greater than twice that before the test. Furthermore, a temperature rise test verified that the temperature rise of the chip-type jack of this embodiment was approximately 4°C lower than that of a circular jack of the same current carrying capacity under the same test conditions.

[0081] The test results of Comparative Example 3 show that the spring separation force is mainly affected by the part structure and surface roughness. The stiffness ratio is greater than 1.2, which leads to an increase in positive pressure and an increase in the spring separation force. After the parts are coated, the contact resistance is significantly improved and the temperature rise is reduced.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the steps, measures, and schemes in the various operations, methods, and processes discussed in the present invention may be interchanged, modified, combined, or deleted. Furthermore, other steps, measures, and schemes in the various operations, methods, and processes discussed in the present invention may also be interchanged, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted. Furthermore, steps, measures, and schemes in the prior art that are similar to those disclosed in the present invention may also be interchanged, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0084] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0086] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings are displayed in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they may be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laminated spring-type jack structure for a rail transit converter system, characterized in that: include: A jack rear sleeve and spring elements symmetrically arranged on both sides of the jack rear sleeve to form a jack for plugging with a sheet-type pin; The spring sheet assembly includes an inner spring sheet and an outer spring sheet, the inner spring sheet includes a plurality of first spring claws arranged side by side at the end thereof, and a first contact portion is provided on a side of the first spring claws facing the sheet-type pin; the outer spring sheet includes a plurality of second spring claws arranged side by side at the end thereof, and a second contact portion is provided on a side of the second spring claws facing the sheet-type pin, the second contact portion is located in an area between adjacent first contact portions, the distance between two corresponding second contact portions located on both sides of the rear sleeve of the socket is smaller than the distance between two corresponding first contact portions, and the second contact portion is further away from the rear sleeve of the socket than the first contact portion; The stiffness ratio of the inner spring sheet to the outer spring sheet is 1.1~1.2; wherein, the inner spring sheet includes a first copper alloy material, the outer spring sheet includes a second copper alloy material, and the elastic modulus ratio of the second copper alloy material to the first copper alloy material is 1.02~1.12; and the width ratio of the first contact portion to the width ratio of the second contact portion is 1.1~1.3; the bending angle ratio of the first spring claw close to the rear sleeve of the socket and the bending angle ratio of the second spring claw close to the rear sleeve of the socket is 0.85~0.

95.

2. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the first contact portion is 28~36mm, and the width of the second contact portion is 22~30mm; the bending angle of the first spring claw close to the rear sleeve of the socket is 118~128°, and the bending angle of the second spring claw close to the rear sleeve of the socket is 130~145°.

3. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the inner layer spring is provided with a first composite coating, which is coated on the surface of the first copper alloy material; the first composite coating is based on silver, with gold and nickel particles or thin layers, as well as carbon nanotubes or graphene sheets added.

4. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 3, wherein: In the first composite coating, the silver content is 88% to 95%, the gold content is 1% to 3%, the nickel content is 3% to 6%, and the carbon nanotube or graphene flake content is 0.5% to 2%.

5. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The surface of the outer spring piece is provided with a second composite coating, which is coated on the surface of the second copper alloy material; the second composite coating has silver as a matrix, and the reinforcement phase is mixed particles of tin dioxide and indium oxide.

6. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the second composite coating, the silver content is 85% to 92%, the tin dioxide content is 5% to 10%, and the indium oxide content is 3% to 8%, and the total content of tin dioxide and indium oxide is ensured to be 8% to 15%.

7. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 5, wherein: The electrical conductivity of the first copper alloy material is greater than the electrical conductivity of the second copper alloy material.

8. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 7, wherein: The electrical conductivity of the first copper alloy is ≥80% IACS, and the electrical conductivity of the second copper alloy is ≥25% IACS.

9. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 1, wherein: The inner layer spring piece includes a first connecting portion for connecting to the rear sleeve of the jack, and a plurality of first spring claws are arranged side by side at an end of the first connecting portion away from the rear sleeve of the jack; The outer elastic sheet includes a second connecting portion for connecting to the rear sleeve of the jack, and a plurality of second elastic claws are arranged side by side at an end of the second connecting portion away from the rear sleeve of the jack; The second connection part and the first connection part are stacked on the same side of the rear sleeve of the jack, and the second connection part is located on the outer layer of the first connection part.

10. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 9, wherein: The area of ​​the first spring claw used to connect with the first contact portion is tilted so that an inverted triangular slot area is formed between adjacent first spring claws, and the second contact portion is located in the inverted triangular slot area.

11. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 9, wherein: A portion of the second elastic claw between the second contact portion and the second connecting portion overlaps with an adjacent portion of the first elastic claw.

12. The laminated spring-type jack structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first copper alloy material is C18160, and the second copper alloy material is C17200.

13. A connector, characterized in that: It comprises a sheet-type pin and a socket matched with the sheet-type pin, and the socket adopts the laminated spring-type socket structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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