Plant growth regulator for protecting flowers and pods of soybeans as well as preparation method and application of plant growth regulator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to a soybean flower and pod protecting plant growth regulator as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The soybean flower and pod protecting plant growth regulator is prepared from the following raw materials: gibberellic acid and propiconazole. The mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the propiconazole is 1 to (1.25 to 10); the gibberellic acid comprises at least one of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7. The soybean flower and pod protection plant growth regulator provided by the invention has obvious effects of flower and pod protection without influencing normal growth of internodes and seed maturation, so that the problem that the plant type and seed maturation of soybeans in the later period are not influenced while the flowers and pods of the soybeans are protected can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and in particular relates to a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Studies have shown that the key issue currently limiting soybean yield increases is severe flower and pod drop, resulting in insufficient grains per plant. Flower and pod drop is a common phenomenon for soybeans, with flower drop rates typically around 50%, young pod drop rates around 40%, and bud drop rates around 10%. Flower and pod drop is significantly affected by climatic conditions and planting management practices. For example, the flower and pod drop rate for spring soybeans in northern China is generally 40% to 70%, while for summer soybeans in southern China, the rate is 50% to 70%. With the promotion of dense soybean planting techniques, increased flower and pod drop due to leaf shading and excessive plant growth has further limited yield increases. Furthermore, against the backdrop of intensifying global warming, frequent high temperatures during the soybean growing season, particularly during the heat-sensitive flowering and pod period, coincide with high summer temperatures, further exacerbating the problem of flower and pod drop, making it a key issue currently limiting soybean yield increases.

[0003] Chemical crop control technologies are currently key and effective technologies for regulating the growth, development, and yield of major grain, cotton, and oilseed crops such as cotton, corn, wheat, and soybeans. However, these technologies primarily focus on shaping plant shape and controlling height and preventing lodging. Products that regulate flower, pod, and seed development in soybeans are lacking. While some reports suggest that uniconazole and paclobutrazol-like agents can protect flowers and pods, their effectiveness is inconsistent in practice, failing to effectively protect flowers and pods while simultaneously maintaining plant shape and seed development. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel plant growth regulators that can promote flower and pod preservation in soybeans without compromising plant shape and seed development. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing uniconazole and paclobutrazol-type agents in the prior art cannot effectively protect soybean flowers and pods without affecting the late plant shape and grain development of soybeans, the present invention adopts the following technical solution to achieve the above purpose.

[0005] The invention provides a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator, which is prepared from the following raw materials: gibberellic acid and propiconazole.

[0006] The mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the propiconazole is 1:1.25-10.

[0007] The gibberellic acid includes at least one of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7.

[0008] The soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator provided by the invention is prepared by compounding gibberellic acid and propiconazole, and the two have a synergistic effect in flower and pod preservation and late plant shape and grain development.

[0009] Among them, gibberellic acid exists in a large number of isomers in plants, among which the biologically active gibberellic acids are generally gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7. The main difference between them is that the position of the hydroxyl group is located on different carbon atoms of the terpene ring, resulting in differences in their biological activity and metabolic processes. However, current research has not yet clarified the molecular mechanisms of the specific biological functions of different gibberellic acids. Gibberellic acid has an important regulatory function in the development of flowers in dicotyledonous crops, but the differences in the effects of different gibberellic acids in regulation have not been reported. During the research process, the present invention found that although gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 can all regulate soybean flower and pod development, the effects are different. After mixing the above three gibberellic acids in equal amounts, they play a synergistic role compared with single application at equal concentrations, indicating that the above three gibberellic acids have relatively independent pathways of action in soybeans, and thus can be synergistic after compounding.

[0010] Propiconazole is a commonly used triazole fungicide. It has been reported that it is a specific inhibitor of the brassinolide biosynthesis pathway and may affect the growth of crop cells. There is a crosstalk of hormone signals between brassinolide and gibberellic acid, so it is possible to interact with gibberellic acid, but the specific interaction effect has never been reported. During the research process of the present invention, it was found that propiconazole has the effect of inhibiting internode elongation. At the same time, when compounded with gibberellic acid, the promoting effect of gibberellic acid on internode elongation was alleviated, indicating that propiconazole and gibberellic acid have an antagonistic effect in regulating elongation growth. However, their combination has a synergistic effect on flower and pod preservation, indicating that the functions of the two in the development of different organs of soybeans have a complex interactive relationship. Therefore, based on experimental studies, the combination of gibberellic acid and propiconazole has a significant effect of preserving flowers and pods without affecting the normal growth of internodes and grain maturity, thereby solving the problem of soybean flower and pod preservation without affecting the plant type and grain development in the later stage of soybean.

[0011] Preferably, the gibberellic acid is a mixture of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 in equal mass, or the gibberellic acid is any one of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of gibberellic acid in the soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator is 5ppm~20ppm, and the concentration of propiconazole in the soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator is 25ppm~50ppm.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator, comprising the following steps: The gibberellic acid is taken to prepare a gibberellic acid solution.

[0014] Take the propiconazole and prepare a propiconazole solution.

[0015] The gibberellic acid solution and the propiconazole solution are mixed, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the propiconazole is 1:1.25-10, to obtain the soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application of a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator, which is at least one of the following applications: Application in reducing the number of crop buds and young pods falling off.

[0017] Application in increasing the number of pods per node of crops.

[0018] Application in increasing the number or weight of grains in crops.

[0019] Application in increasing crop yields.

[0020] Preferably, the soybean flower and pod protection plant growth regulator is applied to crops.

[0021] Preferably, the soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator is applied by foliar spraying.

[0022] Preferably, the soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator is sprayed on the leaves during the initial flowering period of the crop.

[0023] Preferably, the crop comprises soybean.

[0024] Preferably, the soybean flower and pod-protecting plant growth regulator is sprayed on the leaves at a rate of 30 L / mu.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator, which is prepared by compounding gibberellic acid and propiconazole, wherein the mass ratio of gibberellic acid to propiconazole is 1:1.25-10. The gibberellic acid comprises at least one of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, and gibberellic acid GA7. Gibberellic acid and propiconazole have a synergistic effect in preserving flowers and pods and maintaining normal plant shape and grain development in the later stages. The regulator significantly preserves flowers and pods without affecting normal internode growth and grain maturity, thereby solving the problem of preserving soybean flowers and pods without affecting plant shape and grain maturity in the later stages.

[0026] 2. The present invention is aimed at the problem that soybean flower and pod dropping seriously affect soybean yield in soybean production. Existing regulators cannot effectively prevent soybean flower and pod dropping without affecting the normal growth of internodes and grain maturity. An economical and efficient plant growth regulator for soybean flower and pod preservation has been developed. The product mainly contains gibberellic acid and propiconazole, which play a synergistic role in maintaining soybean flower and pod preservation while maintaining normal plant growth. The product has the ability to reduce flower and pod shedding, maintain normal internode growth, increase the number of pods, increase grain weight and number, and increase yield. At the same time, the product is safe and environmentally friendly, has little field residue, has little impact on subsequent crops, and the main active ingredients are easy to obtain, low cost, and significant effect. It is easy to operate and promote application, and has a positive driving effect on promoting the increase of soybean yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0028] Propiconazole, gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, and gibberellic acid GA7 used in the present invention were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The CAS number of propiconazole is 83657-22-1. The CAS number of gibberellic acid GA3 is 77-06-5. The CAS number of gibberellic acid GA4 is 468-44-0. The CAS number of gibberellic acid GA7 is 510-75-8.

[0029] The solutions and preparation methods used in the following examples are as follows: 1. Preparation of plant growth regulator solution (1) Preparation of gibberellic acid GA3 solutions of different concentrations The concentrations of the gibberellic acid GA3 solution used in the present invention are 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm, as shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1 Gibberellic acid GA3 solutions with different concentrations Note: When preparing the above-mentioned gibberellic acid GA3 solutions of different concentrations, gibberellic acid GA3 was used as the solute, ethanol was used as the solvent, and a mother solution with a final concentration of 1000 times was prepared, and then diluted with distilled water.

[0031] (2) Preparation of gibberellic acid GA4 solutions of different concentrations The concentrations of the gibberellic acid GA4 solution used in the present invention are 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm, as shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2 Gibberellic acid GA4 solutions with different concentrations Note: When preparing the above-mentioned gibberellic acid GA4 solutions of different concentrations, gibberellic acid GA4 was used as the solute, ethanol was used as the solvent, and a mother solution with a final concentration of 1000 times was prepared, and then diluted with distilled water.

[0033] (3) Preparation of gibberellic acid GA7 solutions with different concentrations The concentrations of the gibberellic acid GA7 solution used in the present invention are 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm, as shown in Table 3.

[0034] Table 3 Gibberellic acid GA7 solutions with different concentrations Note: When preparing the above-mentioned gibberellic acid GA7 solutions of different concentrations, gibberellic acid GA4 was used as the solute, and ethanol was used as the solvent to prepare a mother solution with a final concentration of 1000 times, which was then diluted with distilled water.

[0035] (4) Preparation of gibberellic acid mixture solutions of different concentrations In the present invention, gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 are mixed in equal amounts, dissolved in ethanol, and diluted to volume with water to obtain gibberellic acid mixture solutions with concentrations of 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm, as shown in Table 4.

[0036] Table 4 Mixture solutions of gibberellic acid at different concentrations Note: When preparing the above-mentioned gibberellic acid mixture solutions of different concentrations, a mixture of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7 of equal mass was used as the solute. Ethanol was first used as the solvent to prepare a mother liquor with a final concentration of 1000 times, and then diluted with distilled water to prepare the mother liquor.

[0037] 2. Preparation of propiconazole solution The concentrations of the propiconazole solution used in the present invention are 25 ppm and 50 ppm, as shown in Table 5.

[0038] Table 5 Propiconazole solutions of different concentrations Note: When preparing the above-mentioned propiconazole solutions of different concentrations, all of them used propiconazole as the solute and ethanol as the solvent to prepare a stock solution with a final concentration of 1000 times, and then diluted with distilled water.

[0039] 3. Preparation of gibberellic acid and propiconazole combination solution The present invention uses the above-prepared gibberellic acid GA3 solution, gibberellic acid GA4 solution, gibberellic acid GA7 solution, and gibberellic acid mixture solution of different concentrations, and respectively mixes them with propiconazole solution of different concentrations in equal volumes to obtain gibberellic acid and propiconazole combination solutions of different concentrations. Among them, the gibberellic acid solution of different concentrations is referred to as component 1, and the propiconazole solution of different concentrations is component 2, as shown in Table 6.

[0040] Table 6 Combination solutions of gibberellic acid and propiconazole at different concentrations Example 1: Effect of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on soybean flower and pod abscission rate The present invention selects soybean as an object, and respectively performs field spraying treatment on soybean with A31 solution, A32 solution, A33 solution, A41 solution, A42 solution, A43 solution, A71 solution, A72 solution, A73 solution, G1 solution, G2 solution, G3 solution, P1 solution, P2 solution, A31P1 solution, A32P1 solution, A33P1 solution, A41P1 solution, A42P1 solution, A43P1 solution, A71P1 solution, A72P1 solution, A73P1 solution, G1P1 solution, G2P1 solution, G3P1 solution, A31P2 solution, A32P2 solution, A33P2 solution, A41P2 solution, A42P2 solution, A43P2 solution, A71P2 solution, A72P2 solution, A73P2 solution, G1P2 solution, G2P2 solution and G3P2 solution.

[0041] The soybeans treated with the above 38 different solutions were used as the experimental group, and a pure water control group was set up.

[0042] Among them, the clear water control group refers to spraying only clear water as a control during field spraying treatment.

[0043] The test site of this embodiment is a field in Wuqiao County, Hebei Province.

[0044] Under natural conditions during the early flowering period of summer soybeans, the solutions of the above test groups and the clear water control group were sprayed on the leaves of soybeans to conduct field trials. The specific test methods are as follows:

[0045] In the summer of 2024, field trials were conducted in Wuqiao, Hebei, China, using Qihuang 34, Jidou 17, and Zhonghuang 13 as test soybean varieties. Qihuang 34 was purchased from Shandong Shengfeng Seed Co., Ltd.; Jidou 17 was purchased from Hebei Huafeng Seed Development Co., Ltd.; and Zhonghuang 13 was purchased from Shandong Xinfeng Seed Co., Ltd.

[0046] The experiment employed a split-plot design, consisting of a main plot and subplots. The main plot represented the variety, while each subplot consisted of 117 plots. Each plot was sprayed with either the 38 different solutions mentioned above or with water. Each experimental group corresponded to one plot, while the water control group corresponded to one plot. Three replicates were set up for each experimental group and the water control group. The plots were arranged in a completely randomized pattern. Foliar sprays were applied to soybeans at the initial flowering stage.

[0047] The plots in each sub-area where clean water was sprayed were the CK control plots. The corresponding relationships between the plots in each sub-area where the 38 different solutions were sprayed were as follows: A31 treatment area: spraying treatment with A31 solution; A32 treatment area: spraying treatment with A32 solution; A33 treatment area: spraying treatment with A33 solution; A41 treatment area: spraying treatment with A41 solution; A42 treatment area: spraying treatment with A42 solution; A43 treatment area: spraying treatment with A43 solution; A71 treatment area: spraying treatment with A71 solution; A72 treatment area: spraying treatment with A72 solution; A73 treatment area: spraying treatment with A73 solution; G1 treatment area: spraying treatment with G1 solution; G2 treatment area: spraying treatment with G2 solution solution; G3 treatment area: spraying treatment G3 solution; P1 treatment area: spraying treatment P1 solution; P2 treatment area: spraying treatment P2 solution; A31P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A31P1 solution; A31P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A31P2 solution; A32P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A32P1 solution; A32P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A32P2 solution; A33P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A33P1 solution; A33P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A33P2 solution; A41P1 area Treatment area: spraying treatment A41P1 solution; A41P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A41P2 solution; A42P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A42P1 solution; A42P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A42P2 solution; A43P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A43P1 solution; A43P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A43P2 solution; A71P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A71P1 solution; A71P2 treatment area: spraying treatment A71P2 solution; A72P1 treatment area: spraying treatment A72P1 solution The area of ​​each plot is 12m2.2 The soybean row spacing in each plot is 30 cm, and the density is 6,000 plants per mu.

[0048] Among them, the spraying amount of clean water in the CK control area and the spraying amount of the above 38 different solutions in the 117 plots were both 30L / mu.

[0049] The cumulative number of soybean flower buds and pods that fell off were counted from soybean plants from the initial flowering stage to the grain filling stage. The cumulative number of soybean flower buds that fell off was the cumulative number of soybean flower buds that fell off; the cumulative number of soybean pods that fell off was the cumulative number of soybean pods that fell off.

[0050] First, gauze was placed under the soybean plants and fallen soybean material was collected every two days. The cumulative number of fallen soybean buds was counted, recorded as A, and the total number of fallen soybean pods was counted, recorded as B. The total number of pods set by soybean plants during the seed-filling stage was surveyed, recorded as C. The shedding rates of soybean buds and pods were calculated for each plot as follows.

[0051] The soybean bud abscission rate is also called the flower drop rate, which is the cumulative number of soybean buds that have fallen off divided by the sum of the cumulative number of soybean buds that have fallen off, the cumulative number of soybean pods that have fallen off, and the total number of pods on the soybean plant, that is, the flower drop rate = A ÷ (A + B + C) × 100%.

[0052] The soybean pod shedding rate is also called the pod drop rate, which is the cumulative number of soybean pods that have fallen divided by the sum of the cumulative number of soybean pods that have fallen and the total number of pods on the soybean plant, that is, the pod drop rate = B ÷ (B + C) × 100%.

[0053] All data were analyzed using SAS 9.2 ANOVA statistical analysis, with Duncan's method used for multiple comparisons, and significant differences were considered to be at p < 0.05. The results are shown in Tables 7 to 12.

[0054] Table 7 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the bud abscission rate of soybean cultivar Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0055] Table 8 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the shedding rate of soybean buds of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0056] Table 9 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the shedding rate of soybean buds of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0057] As shown in Table 7, for Qihuang 34, when single application of component 1 was compared with CK, the abscission rate of soybean buds was significantly reduced. As the concentration of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 increased, the inhibitory effect on the abscission rate of soybean buds showed an increasing trend. At the same concentration, the effect of the gibberellic acid mixture was more synergistic than the use of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 alone. Propiconazole was also used alone to significantly reduce the abscission rate of soybean buds, but the difference was not much between different concentrations. When the gibberellic acid mixture and gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 were compounded with propiconazole respectively, the abscission rate of soybean buds could be further reduced, reflecting an obvious compound synergistic effect. As shown in Tables 8 and 9, the same pattern was shown on Jidou 17 and Zhonghuang 13.

[0058] Table 10 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the shedding rate of soybean young pods of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0059] Table 11 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the shedding rate of soybean pods of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0060] Table 12 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the shedding rate of soybean young pods of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0061] As shown in Table 10, for Qihuang 34, application of component 1 alone significantly reduced soybean pod shedding compared to CK. Furthermore, the pod shedding rate decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, and GA7. At the same concentration, the performance of the three different gibberellic acids varied among varieties, but the effect of the gibberellic acid mixture showed a trend of synergistic effect compared to the individual application of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, or GA7 in all three varieties. Compared to CK, the application of propiconazole alone significantly reduced the soybean pod shedding rate. Compared to the application of propiconazole alone, the soybean pod shedding rate was further reduced when the gibberellic acid mixture was combined with gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, and GA7, respectively. Surprisingly, among the several combined treatments, the combination of propiconazole and gibberellic acid significantly improved the inhibition of soybean pod shedding compared to the combinations of propiconazole with gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, and gibberellic acid GA7 at the same concentration, demonstrating a significant synergistic effect. This synergistic effect decreased with increasing gibberellic acid mixture concentration. As shown in Tables 11 and 12, the above trend was also observed for Jidou 17 and Zhonghuang 13.

[0062] From the above results, it can be seen that the combination of propiconazole and gibberellic acid mixture can effectively inhibit the shedding of soybean flower buds and soybean young pods, and the combination of 5ppm~10ppm gibberellic acid mixture and 25ppm~50ppm propiconazole has the best inhibitory effect on the shedding of soybean flower buds and soybean young pods.

[0063] Example 2: Effects of a gibberellic acid mixture and propiconazole on the growth and lodging rate of upper internodes of soybeans The present invention selects soybean as the object, and sprays the soybean with 38 different solutions as those in Example 1 in the field.

[0064] The soybeans treated with the above 38 different solutions were used as the experimental group, and a pure water control group was set up.

[0065] Among them, the clear water control group refers to spraying only clear water as a control during field spraying treatment.

[0066] The test site of this embodiment is a field in Wuqiao, Hebei.

[0067] Under natural conditions during the early flowering period of summer soybeans, the solutions of the above test groups and the clear water of the clear water control group were sprayed on the leaves of soybeans to carry out field trials.

[0068] The specific test method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0069] After soybean foliar spraying, the average length of the four upper internodes of soybean plants after different spraying treatments was investigated at harvest time. Three 1-meter 4-row plots were selected for each spraying treatment. The number of lodging plants and the total number of plants in the plots were investigated. The lodging rate of soybean plants was then calculated according to the following formula: Lodging rate = (number of lodged plants / total number of plants) × 100%.

[0070] All data were analyzed using SAS 9.2 ANOVA statistical analysis, with Duncan's method used for multiple comparisons, and significant differences were considered when p < 0.05. The results are shown in Tables 13 to 18.

[0071] Table 13 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the average length of the upper four internodes of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0072] Table 14 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the average length of the upper four internodes of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0073] Table 15 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the average length of the four internodes in the upper nodes of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0074] As shown in Table 13, for soybean variety Qihuang 34, using gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7 and gibberellic acid mixture to process separately all significantly improve the average length of 4 internodes on soybean plant top, and along with the increase of concentration, show a significant increasing trend, wherein gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 are lighter than the promoting effect of gibberellic acid GA3, and the treatment effect of gibberellic acid mixture is between the above-mentioned persons. Using propiconazole separately then significantly reduces the average length of 4 internodes on plant top, and along with the increase of concentration, the inhibitory effect strengthens. When propiconazole and gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7 and gibberellic acid mixture were composited for use, significantly alleviated the effect of gibberellic acid on internode elongation, and the alleviation effect was stronger when composited with gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 respectively. Among them, the average length of the four upper internodes of soybean plants under the G1P1, G1P2, and G2P2 combinations was not significantly different from that of CK. As shown in Tables 14 and 15, the above rules were consistent among the three varieties.

[0075] Table 16 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the lodging rate of Qihuang 34 plants Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0076] Table 17 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the lodging rate of Jidou 17 plants Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0077] Table 18 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the lodging rate of Zhonghuang 13 plants Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0078] As shown in Table 16 to Table 18, using gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7 and gibberellic acid mixture to process soybean can cause soybean plant lodging, and the generation of lodging is unfavorable for soybean later stage seed development and mechanical harvesting.The lodging rate of soybean plant significantly improves along with the increase of treatment concentration, and this is relevant with gibberellic acid processing rear internode excessive elongation.Under 20ppm concentration, gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 process the lodging rate of Qihuang 34 plant and exceed 90%, and the lodging rate of Jidou 17 and Zhonghuang 13 plant exceeds 95%.Yet unexpectedly, though using gibberellic acid mixture to process also significantly improve lodging rate, under 10ppm and 20ppm concentration, significantly lower than using gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 separately. Treatment with propiconazole significantly reduced plant lodging, and the lodging problem was significantly solved after compounding with gibberellic acid. When 25ppm propiconazole was compounded with 5ppm gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7 and gibberellic acid mixture respectively, the lodging rate of soybean plants dropped to 0. When 50ppm propiconazole was compounded with any concentration of gibberellic acid complex, the soybean plants did not lodging.

[0079] From the above results, it can be seen that the combination of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7 and gibberellic acid mixture with propiconazole at appropriate concentrations can avoid excessive elongation of the four upper internodes of soybean and cause plant lodging. Among them, the combination of 25ppm propiconazole and 5ppm gibberellic acid mixture, and the combination of 50ppm propiconazole and 5ppm~20ppm gibberellic acid mixture showed the effect of reducing the lodging rate of soybean plants in different varieties.

[0080] Example 3: Effect of gibberellic acid mixture and propiconazole on the number of pods in the upper internodes of soybeans at harvest time The present invention selected soybean as the object, and 38 different solutions identical to those in Example 1 were sprayed on the soybean in the field.

[0081] The soybeans treated with the above 38 different solutions were used as the experimental group, and a pure water control group was set up.

[0082] Among them, the clear water control group refers to spraying only clear water as a control during field spraying treatment.

[0083] The test site of this embodiment is a field in Wuqiao, Hebei.

[0084] Under natural conditions during the early flowering period of summer soybeans, the solutions of the above test groups and the clear water of the clear water control group were sprayed on the leaves of soybeans to carry out field trials.

[0085] The specific test method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0086] The average number of pods per four main nodes at the top of the soybean stem was measured during the harvest period. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.2 ANOVA statistical analysis, with Duncan's method used for multiple comparisons. Significant differences were considered at p < 0.05. The results are shown in Tables 19 to 21.

[0087] Table 19 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the average number of pods on the top four main stem nodes of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0088] Table 20 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the average number of pods in the top four main stem nodes of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0089] Table 21 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the average number of pods in the top four main stem nodes of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0090] As shown in Tables 19 to 21, for the three soybean varieties Qihuang 34, Jidou 17, and Zhonghuang 13, treatment with gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids, as well as propiconazole alone, significantly increased the average number of pods set on the top four main nodes. The combination of gibberellic acid and propiconazole exhibited a significant synergistic effect on the average number of pods set on the top four main nodes compared to the individual components. The combination of propiconazole and gibberellic acid exhibited the strongest synergistic effect, significantly enhancing soybean pod retention.

[0091] From the above results, it can be seen that the combination of propiconazole and gibberellic acid has a significant synergistic effect on soybean pod preservation and increasing the top pod setting rate.

[0092] Example 4: Effects of Gibberellic Acid Mixture and Propiconazole on Soybean Yield and Its Components The present invention selected soybean as the object, and 38 different solutions identical to those in Example 1 were sprayed on the soybean in the field.

[0093] The soybeans treated with the above 38 different solutions were used as the experimental group, and a pure water control group was set up.

[0094] Among them, the clear water control group refers to spraying only clear water as a control during field spraying treatment.

[0095] The test site of this embodiment is a field in Wuqiao, Hebei.

[0096] Under natural conditions during the early flowering period of summer soybeans, the solutions of the above test groups and the clear water of the clear water control group were sprayed on the leaves of soybeans to carry out field trials.

[0097] The specific test method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0098] During the soybean harvest period, nine representative plants were selected from each treatment in the plot to examine the number of soybean pods and grains per plant; the weight of 100 soybean grains was weighed to calculate the soybean yield.

[0099] All data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical analysis using SAS 9.2, and Duncan's method was used for multiple comparisons. A significant difference was considered when p < 0.05.

[0100] The results of the effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of pods per plant of different soybean varieties are shown in Tables 22 to 24, the results of the effects on the number of grains per plant of different soybean varieties are shown in Tables 25 to 27, the results of the effects on the 100-grain weight of different soybean varieties are shown in Tables 28 to 30, and the results of the effects on yield are shown in Tables 31 to 33.

[0101] Table 22 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of pods per plant of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0102] Table 23 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of pods per plant of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0103] Table 24 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of pods per plant of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0104] As shown in Tables 22 to 24, gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, and gibberellic acid GA7 promoted the number of soybean pods in the three test varieties, with significant differences from the blank control at concentrations of 10ppm and 20ppm. In contrast, the gibberellic acid mixture promoted the number of soybean pods at 5ppm, 10ppm, and 20ppm, all showing a significant improvement compared to the control. Although propiconazole alone also increased soybean pod formation, the difference was not significant. However, when used in combination with gibberellic acid, it had a significant synergistic effect on the number of soybean pods. Among the various compound combinations, the gibberellic acid mixture and propiconazole performed best at different concentrations.

[0105] Table 25 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of seeds per plant of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0106] Table 26 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of grains per plant of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0107] Table 27 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the number of seeds per plant of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0108] As shown in Tables 25 to 27, similar to the pattern observed for soybean pod number, gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, and GA7 significantly promoted the number of soybean seeds per plant for all three tested varieties. At the same concentration, the gibberellic acid mixture had the most significant effect on increasing the number of soybean seeds per plant. While propiconazole alone also increased the number of soybean seeds per plant, the difference was not significant. However, when combined with gibberellic acid, it significantly enhanced the number of soybean seeds per plant. Among the various combinations, the gibberellic acid mixture and propiconazole performed optimally at all concentrations.

[0109] Table 28 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the 100-grain weight of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0110] Table 29 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the 100-grain weight of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0111] Table 30 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the 100-grain weight of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0112] As shown in Tables 28 to 30, the application of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, and gibberellic acid GA7 alone had a significant inhibitory effect on the 100-grain weight of the test variety soybeans, and the inhibitory effect gradually increased with the increase of treatment concentration. This may be related to the lodging of the plants after gibberellic acid treatment, which caused the leaves to block each other, the effective photosynthetic area to decrease, the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity of the single leaves to be insufficient, and ultimately inhibited seed development, resulting in a serious decrease in grain weight and a reduction in yield. Although the gibberellic acid mixture also showed a similar trend, it was less inhibitory to the 100-grain weight of soybeans than gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, and gibberellic acid GA7. The use of propiconazole alone had no significant effect on the 100-grain weight of soybeans, but after compounding with gibberellic acid, it was able to significantly avoid the decline in grain weight caused by the use of gibberellic acid alone. From the results, except for the soybean 100-grain weight under the compound combination of 20ppm gibberellic acid GA3 and 25ppm propiconazole, which was significantly lower than that of propiconazole alone, there was no significant difference between the other treatments and the control.

[0113] Table 31 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the yield of Qihuang 34 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0114] Table 32 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the yield of Jidou 17 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0115] Table 33 Effects of gibberellic acid and propiconazole on the yield of Zhonghuang 13 Note: Component 1 refers to different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3, GA4, GA7, and a mixture of gibberellic acids; Component 2 refers to different concentrations of propiconazole solution; CK refers to the water treatment or control group. Different letters in the same column for the same variety indicate significant differences (Duncan method, p < 0.05).

[0116] As shown in Tables 31 to 33, the use of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4, gibberellic acid GA7, and a gibberellic acid mixture alone reduced soybean yield. In contrast, the gibberellic acid mixture had a milder inhibitory effect on final soybean yield. Propiconazole alone showed a certain yield-increasing trend at a concentration of 50 ppm, but the increase was not large. However, the combination of propiconazole and gibberellic acid significantly increased soybean yield, with increases ranging from 9.0% to 27% in Qihuang 34, 5.8% to 28.9% in Jidou 17, and 10.8% to 31.7% in Zhonghuang 13. The combination of propiconazole and a gibberellic acid mixture had the most significant yield-increasing effect, with increases of more than 20% in all three varieties.

[0117] From the above results, it can be seen that the combination of propiconazole and gibberellic acid can effectively increase the number of soybean pods and grains per plant, maintain the 100-grain weight of soybeans, and increase the final soybean yield.

[0118] From the above results, it can be seen that the soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the soybean flower drop rate and soybean pod drop rate, increase the number of soybean pods, prevent the soybean plant lodging caused by excessive elongation of internodes and the further decrease in soybean 100-grain weight, and ultimately increase the number of soybean pods and the number of soybean grains per plant, thereby significantly improving soybean yield.

[0119] The soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator provided by the present invention is prepared by compounding gibberellic acid and propiconazole. The two have a synergistic effect in flower and pod preservation and late plant shape and seed development, and have a significant effect of preserving flowers and pods without affecting the normal growth of internodes and grain maturity, thereby solving the problem of soybean flower and pod preservation without affecting the late plant shape and grain maturity of soybean.

[0120] It should be noted that when the present invention involves a numerical range, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. To avoid redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment.

[0121] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once the basic inventive concepts become known, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator, characterized in that: Made from the following ingredients: gibberellic acid and propiconazole; The mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the propiconazole is 1:1.25-10; The gibberellic acid includes at least one of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7.

2. A soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that The gibberellic acid is a mixture of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7 in equal mass, or the gibberellic acid is any one of gibberellic acid GA3, gibberellic acid GA4 and gibberellic acid GA7.

3. A soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of gibberellic acid in the soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator is 5ppm-20ppm, and the concentration of propiconazole in the soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator is 25ppm-50ppm.

4. The method for preparing the soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Taking the gibberellic acid and preparing a gibberellic acid solution; Take the propiconazole and prepare a propiconazole solution; The gibberellic acid solution and the propiconazole solution are mixed, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the propiconazole is 1:1.25-10, to obtain the soybean flower and pod preservation plant growth regulator.

5. The use of the soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application is at least one of the following applications: Application in reducing the number of crop buds and young pods falling off; Application in increasing the number of pods per node of crops; Application in increasing grain number or grain weight of crops; Application in increasing crop yields.

6. The use of a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soybean flower and pod-protecting plant growth regulator is applied to crops.

7. The use of a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator is applied by foliar spraying.

8. The use of a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator is sprayed on the leaves during the initial flowering period of the crop.

9. The use of a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crops include soybeans.

10. The use of a soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soybean flower and pod-preserving plant growth regulator is sprayed on leaves at a rate of 30 L per mu.

Images