T-shaped steel welding process

Abstract

According to the T-shaped steel welding process, welding is conducted through welding equipment. The welding equipment comprises a base rack, the base rack is provided with a clamping device, a conveying roller capable of rotating around the center axis of the base rack and a portal frame capable of moving along the base rack, and the portal frame is provided with a first welding gun and a second welding gun; during welding, a wing plate of T-shaped steel is flatly placed on the conveying rollers, a web plate is vertically upward, the wing plate is clamped through the clamping device, the portal frame moves, and the junction of the web plate and the wing plate is welded at the two sides of the web plate through the first welding gun and the second welding gun at the same time; the portal frame is further provided with a first heating device and a second heating device, and when the junction of the web and the wing plate is welded through the first welding gun and the second welding gun, the two sides of the web are heated through the first heating device and the second heating device at the same time. The base rack is further provided with an anti-toppling device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a T-shaped steel welding process. Background Art

[0002] T-shaped steel is widely used in the shipbuilding industry for ship ribs, longitudinals, bulkhead stiffeners, and other applications. T-shaped steel is typically formed by welding. Prior to welding, spot welding is performed between the flange and web of the T-shaped steel to form a T-shaped steel prototype. The T-shaped steel prototype is then conveyed to the conveyor rollers of the welding equipment, with the flange flat on the conveyor rollers and the web facing vertically upward. The welding torch on the movable gantry of the welding equipment then welds the flange and web at their junction. A clamping device is used to secure the workpiece during welding. For T-shaped steel with a taller web, workpiece deformation during welding is minimal. However, for workpieces with shorter webs, the weld occurs at the junction of the flange and web, generating significant heat while the rest of the workpiece is unheated. This heat differential causes the workpiece to deform significantly, leading to the workpiece easily tipping over or becoming completely unsuitable for conveyance on the roller conveyor.

[0003] To address this issue, CN1820868A, CN107052667A, and CN112517672A, among others, adopt methods that ignore the consequences of deformation during the welding phase and instead employ a straightening device for correction in subsequent processes. This production method requires welded T-shaped steel sections to be lifted one by one from the welding station to the straightening device using a crane, resulting in low production efficiency and unsafe operations. The technical solution disclosed in "Hualian Technology - Digital Fully Automatic T-Profile Production Line," published on May 19, 2025, by the WeChat public account "Wuxi Hualian Technology Group Co., Ltd." is essentially the same as the prior art solution described in the previous paragraph. However, to prevent the workpiece from tipping over due to deformation, the welded workpiece is simply flipped over and the wing and web are simultaneously placed on conveyor rollers for transport. While this method can transport deformed workpieces, it requires the workpiece to be flipped back to a vertically upright position when subsequently transported to the straightening station, a cumbersome process that is clearly not a good solution.

[0004] CN220515820U, CN201735991U, CN105290585A, etc. offer a better approach, namely, using a fixture to clamp the workpiece to resist deformation. However, this approach still has disadvantages: the fixture cannot completely eliminate component deformation, and the workpiece deformation exerts a large reaction force on the fixture, which can easily damage the fixture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a T-steel welding process, which can prevent the workpiece from deforming and tipping over during the welding process to a certain extent, and is simple and easy to implement.

[0006] The technical solution of the technical problem of the present invention is: a T-steel welding process, welding is performed by welding equipment; The welding equipment includes a base frame, the base frame is provided with a clamping device, a conveying roller capable of rotating around its central axis, and a gantry capable of moving along the base frame, the gantry is provided with a first welding gun and a second welding gun; During welding, the flanges of the T-shaped steel are placed flat on the conveying rollers with the web facing vertically upwards, the flanges are clamped by a clamping device, the gantry moves, and the junctions of the web and flanges are welded simultaneously on both sides of the web using the first welding gun and the second welding gun; The gantry is further provided with a first heating device and a second heating device. When the junction of the web and the wing is welded by the first welding gun and the second welding gun, both sides of the web are heated by the first heating device and the second heating device at the same time. The base frame is also provided with an anti-dumping device, which includes a fixing frame vertically fixed to the base frame, a lifting frame capable of moving up and down is provided on the fixing frame, and a lifting drive mechanism for driving the lifting frame to move up and down is also provided on the fixing frame; The upper end of the lifting frame is provided with an auxiliary support roller, and the lifting frame is also provided with a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat. Two mounting seats, the first mounting seat and / or the second mounting seat are capable of horizontal movement, the first mounting seat and / or the second mounting seat are driven by a horizontal drive mechanism, the first mounting seat is provided with a first supporting head, the second mounting seat is provided with a second supporting head that is flush with the height of the first supporting head, and the first supporting head and the second supporting head are higher than the auxiliary support roller; After the welding of the workpiece is completed, the lifting frame rises under the drive of the lifting drive mechanism until the auxiliary support roller is against the wing plate, and then the first mounting seat and / or the second mounting seat move horizontally so that the wing plate is located between the first supporting head and the second supporting head to prevent the workpiece from tipping over. After that, the clamping device releases the wing plate, and the workpiece continues to be transported forward by the conveying roller.

[0007] Furthermore, the first supporting head is provided with a first limiting ring protruding radially outward, and the second supporting head is provided with a second limiting ring protruding radially outward and flush with the height of the first limiting ring, and both the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring are higher than the auxiliary support roller; When the wing plate is located between the first supporting head and the second supporting head, the wing plate is located below the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping device includes a fixed block and a movable seat capable of horizontal movement, the movable seat is provided with a clamping block directly opposite to the fixed block, and the base frame is provided with a movable seat driving mechanism for driving the movable seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the first heating device and the second heating device are both flame guns or induction heating devices.

[0010] Furthermore, the first heating device and the second heating device heat the upper ends of both sides of the web.

[0011] Furthermore, vertical lifting rails are provided on both sides of the fixing frame, and guide wheels are provided on both sides of the lifting frame, and the guide wheels are against the lifting rails.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting drive mechanism is a vertical lifting drive cylinder, and the piston rod of the lifting drive cylinder is connected to the lifting frame; The first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are both capable of horizontal movement, and the horizontal driving mechanism is a horizontal driving cylinder placed horizontally.

[0013] Furthermore, the piston rod of the horizontal driving cylinder is connected to the second mounting seat, and the cylinder barrel of the horizontal driving cylinder is fixed on the first mounting seat.

[0014] Furthermore, a clamping frame is provided on the first mounting seat, and the clamping frame is clamped on the cylinder barrel of the horizontal driving cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that it can prevent the workpiece from being deformed during the welding process to a certain extent, can prevent the workpiece from tipping over, and is simple and easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front side of the anti-dumping device.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the back side of the anti-dumping device.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide wheel setting.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a lifting frame driven by a lifting drive cylinder.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the anti-dumping device in the anti-dumping state.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the anti-dumping device and the workpiece in the anti-dumping state.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a top view of the welding equipment.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a partial main view of the welding equipment during welding.

[0027] Figure 12 It is a partial side view of the welding equipment during welding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-12 , a T-steel welding process, welding is performed using welding equipment.

[0030] The welding equipment includes a base frame 1, equipped with a clamping device, conveyor rollers 2, and a gantry 3 that can move along the base frame. The gantry 3 is equipped with a first welding gun 4 and a second welding gun 5. The movement of the gantry 3 on the base frame is conventional and will not be described in detail here. The conveyor rollers 2 are used to receive the T-shaped steel prototype from the previous process (i.e., the flange and web of the T-shaped steel are spot-welded to form the initial T-shaped steel structure) and to continue conveying the workpiece after welding. Therefore, the conveyor rollers are capable of rotating about their central axis. The method for driving the conveyor rollers to rotate is conventional and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] During welding, the flange 6 of the T-shaped steel is placed flat on the conveyor rollers, with the web 7 facing vertically upward. The flange is clamped by a clamping device, and then the gantry 3 moves, and the first welding gun 4 and the second welding gun 5 are used to simultaneously weld the junction of the web 7 and the flange 6 on both sides of the web 7. The clamping device can adopt a clamping device in the prior art, for example, the clamping device includes a fixed block 8 and a movable seat 9 that can move horizontally, the movable seat 9 is provided with a clamping block 10 that is opposite to the fixed block 8, and the base frame 1 is provided with a movable seat driving mechanism for driving the movable seat 9. Driven by the movable seat driving mechanism, the movable seat 9 moves toward the fixed block 8, thereby clamping the flange 6 between the fixed block 8 and the clamping block 10. The movable seat driving mechanism can be a mechanism such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod, or a belt drive mechanism, a chain drive mechanism, etc. In order to make the movable seat 9 move more smoothly, in this embodiment, rollers are provided on the movable seat 9, and a concave wheel groove is provided on the base frame 1, and the rollers are located in the wheel groove. Of course, other structural forms can also be used to ensure the smooth movement of the movable seat, such as providing a guide groove on the base frame and a guide rail on the movable seat that is compatible with the guide groove.

[0032] The gantry 3 is also provided with a first heating device 11 and a second heating device 12. When the first welding gun 4 and the second welding gun 5 are used to weld the interface between the web 7 and the wing plate 6, the first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 are used to heat both sides of the web 7. The first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 can specifically be flame guns. Of course, the first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 can also be other forms. For example, the first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 are both induction heating devices. As described in the background art, the main reason for deformation of the workpiece during welding is that welding generates a large amount of heat, while other parts of the workpiece are not heated. Under the influence of this heat difference, the workpiece deforms severely, especially the web 7, the upper part of which is almost unheated. Therefore, in the present application, the first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 are used to heat both sides of the web 7, so that the entire web 7 is heated more evenly, thereby being less likely to deform during the welding process. Preferably, the first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 heat the upper ends of both sides of the web, so that both the lower end and the upper end of the web 7 are heated, making the overall heating of the web 7 more uniform and less prone to deformation.

[0033] After taking the above measures, the T-shaped steel is less likely to deform during the welding process, and thus the workpiece is less likely to tip over after welding is completed. This allows the workpiece to be conveyed forward by the conveyor rollers after welding is completed and the clamping device releases the wing plate 6. However, even after taking the above measures, it is difficult to ensure that the workpiece will not deform. Therefore, an anti-tipping device is also provided on the base frame 1 to prevent the T-shaped steel from tipping over after welding is completed. However, due to the above measures, the deformation of the T-shaped steel is small, and the anti-tipping device only needs to prevent the workpiece from tipping over, without requiring harsh pressing or clamping operations on the workpiece.

[0034] The anti-tipping device includes a fixed frame 13 vertically fixed to the base frame 1. The fixed frame 13 is provided with a lifting frame 14 that can move up and down. The fixed frame 13 is also provided with a lifting drive mechanism for driving the lifting frame 14 to move up and down. In order to ensure that the lifting frame 14 can be raised and lowered stably and smoothly on the fixed frame 13, it is usually necessary to provide a guide mechanism between the fixed frame 13 and the lifting frame 14, such as a guide rail guide groove that cooperates with each other. In one embodiment, vertical lifting rails 15 are provided on both sides of the fixed frame 13, and guide wheels 16 are provided on both sides of the lifting frame 14. The guide wheels 16 abut against the lifting rails 15 to guide the lifting of the lifting frame 14. Preferably, the side of the guide wheel 16 is provided with a groove, and the groove of the guide wheel 16 abuts against the lifting rail 15 to form a more effective lifting guide.

[0035] Auxiliary support rollers 17 are installed at the upper end of the lifting frame 14. A first mounting seat 18 and a second mounting seat 19 are also provided on the lifting frame 14. The first mounting seat 18 and / or the second mounting seat 19 are capable of horizontal movement and are driven by a horizontal drive mechanism. The first mounting seat 18 is provided with a first support head 20, and the second mounting seat 19 is provided with a second support head 21 that is flush with the first support head 20. Both the first and second support heads 20 and 21 are higher than the auxiliary support rollers 17. After welding of the workpiece is completed, the lifting frame 14 is driven by the lifting drive mechanism to rise until the auxiliary support rollers 17 abut against the wing plate 6. The first mounting seat 18 and / or the second mounting seat 19 then move horizontally, positioning the wing plate 6 between the first and second support heads 20 and 21 to prevent the workpiece from tipping over. That is, once the first mounting base 18 and / or the second mounting base 19 are moved horizontally, the first supporting head 20 and the second supporting head 21 are respectively located on both sides of the wing plate 6 and close to or abut against the two sides of the wing plate 6. At this time, the workpiece can be prevented from falling, while the workpiece is not clamped and can be conveyed forward. The clamping device then releases the wing plate 6, and the workpiece continues to be conveyed forward by the conveyor roller 2.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first supporting head 20 is provided with a first limiting ring 22 protruding radially outward, and the second supporting head 21 is provided with a second limiting ring 23 protruding radially outward and flush with the height of the first limiting ring 22. The first limiting ring 22 and the second limiting ring 23 are both higher than the auxiliary support roller 17; when the wing plate 6 is located between the first supporting head 20 and the second supporting head 21, the wing plate 6 is located below the first limiting ring 22 and the second limiting ring 23 to further limit the movable space of the workpiece, which is conducive to preventing the workpiece from tipping over.

[0037] In one embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism is a vertical lifting drive cylinder 24, the piston rod of the lifting drive cylinder 24 is connected to the lifting frame 14; the first mounting seat 18 and the second mounting seat 19 are both capable of moving horizontally, and the horizontal drive mechanism is a horizontal drive cylinder 25 placed horizontally. Both the lifting drive mechanism and the horizontal drive mechanism adopt cylinders, and the first mounting seat 18 and the second mounting seat 19 can both move horizontally, which has the beneficial effect of being able to automatically adapt to the deformed T-shaped steel: as mentioned above, even if the first heating device 11 and the second heating device 12 are used to heat the web 7, it is difficult to avoid that the web 7 and the wing plate 6 will still be deformed after welding is completed. Therefore, both the lifting drive mechanism and the horizontal drive mechanism adopt cylinders, which can better adapt to the deformed T-shaped steel, and the ventilation pressure of the cylinder can be relatively small. When the wing plate 6 is laterally bent and deformed, the deformed wing plate can push open the first support head 20 or the second support head 21 during the workpiece conveying process. When the web plate 7 has a downward arch deformation, the deformed web plate can push down the auxiliary support roller 17 during the workpiece conveying process. When the web plate has an arch deformation, the lifting drive cylinder can also push up the auxiliary support roller 17 during the workpiece conveying process. The specific structure for achieving horizontal movement of the first mounting seat 18 and the second mounting seat 19 can be to provide a sliding mechanism between the first mounting seat 18 and the lifting frame 14 and between the second mounting seat 19 and the lifting frame 14, for example, a horizontal slide groove 26 is provided on the lifting frame 14, and horizontal slide rails are provided on the first mounting seat 18 and the second mounting seat 19, and the horizontal slide rails are provided in the horizontal slide groove 26.

[0038] In one embodiment, the horizontal drive cylinder 25 is arranged such that the piston rod of the horizontal drive cylinder 25 is connected to the second mounting seat 19, and the cylinder barrel of the horizontal drive cylinder 25 is fixed to the first mounting seat 18. A specific fixing method is to provide a clamping frame 27 on the first mounting seat 18, and the clamping frame 27 is clamped to the cylinder barrel of the horizontal drive cylinder 25. At this time, if the second mounting seat 19 and the lifting frame 14 fit more tightly, air will be ventilated into the cylinder of the horizontal driving cylinder 25, which will cause the cylinder to move and thus drive the first mounting seat 18 to move; if the first mounting seat 18 and the lifting frame 14 fit more tightly, air will be ventilated into the cylinder of the horizontal driving cylinder, which will cause the piston rod to move and thus drive the second mounting seat 19 to move; if the first mounting seat 18 and the lifting frame 15 fit as tightly as the second mounting seat 19 and the lifting frame 14 fit equally tightly, air will be ventilated into the cylinder of the horizontal driving cylinder 25, which will cause the cylinder to move and thus drive the first mounting seat 18 to move, and the piston rod to move and thus drive the second mounting seat 19 to move.

[0039] Of course, when both the first mounting seat 18 and the second mounting seat 19 are capable of moving horizontally, two cylinders can be respectively provided on the lifting frame 14, and the piston rods of the two cylinders are respectively connected to the first mounting seat 18 and the second mounting seat 19; when the first mounting seat 18 or the second mounting seat 19 is capable of moving horizontally, a cylinder can be provided on the lifting frame 14, and the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the first mounting seat 18 or the second mounting seat 19.

[0040] Of course, the lifting and horizontal driving mechanisms can also adopt other methods, such as hydraulic cylinders, electric push rods, etc., or screw mechanisms, belt transmission mechanisms, chain transmission mechanisms, etc. However, the above structure cannot or will hardly achieve the aforementioned effect of automatically adapting to the deformation of the T-shaped steel.

[0041] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A T-steel welding process, welding is performed using welding equipment; The welding equipment includes a base frame, the base frame is provided with a clamping device, a conveying roller capable of rotating around its central axis, and a gantry capable of moving along the base frame, the gantry is provided with a first welding gun and a second welding gun; During welding, the flanges of the T-shaped steel are placed flat on the conveying rollers with the web facing vertically upwards, the flanges are clamped by a clamping device, the gantry moves, and the junctions of the web and flanges are welded simultaneously on both sides of the web using the first welding gun and the second welding gun; Its characteristics are: The gantry is further provided with a first heating device and a second heating device. When the junction of the web and the wing is welded by the first welding gun and the second welding gun, both sides of the web are heated by the first heating device and the second heating device at the same time. The base frame is also provided with an anti-dumping device, which includes a fixing frame vertically fixed to the base frame, a lifting frame capable of moving up and down is provided on the fixing frame, and a lifting drive mechanism for driving the lifting frame to move up and down is also provided on the fixing frame; The upper end of the lifting frame is provided with an auxiliary support roller, and the lifting frame is also provided with a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat. Two mounting seats, the first mounting seat and / or the second mounting seat are capable of horizontal movement, the first mounting seat and / or the second mounting seat are driven by a horizontal drive mechanism, the first mounting seat is provided with a first supporting head, the second mounting seat is provided with a second supporting head that is flush with the height of the first supporting head, and the first supporting head and the second supporting head are higher than the auxiliary support roller; After the welding of the workpiece is completed, the lifting frame rises under the drive of the lifting drive mechanism until the auxiliary support roller is against the wing plate, and then the first mounting seat and / or the second mounting seat move horizontally so that the wing plate is located between the first supporting head and the second supporting head to prevent the workpiece from tipping over. After that, the clamping device releases the wing plate, and the workpiece continues to be transported forward by the conveying roller.

2. The T-steel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: The first supporting head is provided with a first limiting ring protruding radially outward, and the second supporting head is provided with a second limiting ring protruding radially outward and flush with the height of the first limiting ring, and both the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring are higher than the auxiliary support roller; When the wing plate is located between the first supporting head and the second supporting head, the wing plate is located below the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring.

3. The T-steel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping device includes a fixed block and a movable seat capable of horizontal movement. The movable seat is provided with a clamping block facing the fixed block. The base frame is provided with a movable seat driving mechanism for driving the movable seat.

4. The T-steel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: The first heating device and the second heating device are both flame guns.

5. The T-steel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: The first heating device and the second heating device heat the upper ends of both sides of the web.

6. The T-steel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: Vertical lifting guide rails are provided on both sides of the fixing frame, and guide wheels are provided on both sides of the lifting frame, and the guide wheels are against the lifting guide rails.

7. The T-steel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting drive mechanism is a vertical lifting drive cylinder, and the piston rod of the lifting drive cylinder is connected to the lifting frame; The first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are both capable of horizontal movement, and the horizontal driving mechanism is a horizontal driving cylinder placed horizontally.

8. The T-steel welding process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piston rod of the horizontal driving cylinder is connected to the second mounting seat, and the cylinder barrel of the horizontal driving cylinder is fixed on the first mounting seat.

9. The T-steel welding process according to claim 8, characterized in that: A clamping frame is provided on the first mounting seat, and the clamping frame is clamped on the cylinder barrel of the horizontal driving cylinder.

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