Honeycomb-shaped trapezoidal riprap frame for seawall structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a honeycomb-shaped trapezoidal riprap frame for a seawall structure and a construction method, and relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, the honeycomb-shaped trapezoidal riprap frame is of a trapezoidal slope protection structure composed of a plurality of rhombic modules, supporting columns and small ripraps, and the rhombic modules are regularly staggered and stacked up and down; every two adjacent rhombic modules are supported and connected through a supporting column, the rhombic modules are filled with small ripraps, each rhombic module comprises a rhombic building block body, semicircular grooves are formed in the four corners of each rhombic building block body, and the semicircular grooves of every two adjacent rhombic building block bodies can completely wrap the corresponding supporting column. Clamping grooves are vertically formed in the middle positions of the upper surfaces and the lower surfaces of the four edges of the rhombic building block body. The small riprap is limited through the honeycomb-shaped trapezoidal riprap frame, the risks of piping and the like caused by loss of the small riprap due to tidal current scouring are prevented, meanwhile, the load stress of the small riprap is dispersed to all the rhombic modules in a block shape, the stability of a seawall is greatly improved, and the dam break risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame for a seawall structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soft, muddy soils are widely distributed along China's coast, characterized by low strength, low permeability, and high compressibility. Furthermore, China's coastal areas are commonly subject to storm surges during typhoon season. Seawalls are crucial safety barriers for protecting people's lives and property, and are a key infrastructure investment for the national government. Traditional earth-rock embankments constructed in areas with deep, soft soil and strong winds and waves typically employ a stone-front, earth-back structure. Specifically, the offshore side utilizes riprap and artificial block slope protection, while the landside utilizes mud coating to seal and prevent air seepage.

[0003] Traditional earth-riprap embankments are constructed by piling small riprap into a sloped bottom, then laying large precast concrete slope protection structures on top of the riprap. However, due to the lack of a strong containment structure for the riprap, this type of riprap embankment is susceptible to long-term tidal erosion and unfavorable soft terrain and geological conditions, leading to instability and loss of the seawall, resulting in low stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame for seawall structures and a construction method thereof, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame for seawall structures, the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame is composed of a plurality of diamond modules, support columns, and small ripraps to form a trapezoidal slope protection structure, the plurality of diamond modules are arranged alternately and regularly in an alternating manner, and adjacent diamond modules are supported and connected by support columns, the diamond modules are filled with small ripraps, the diamond modules include a diamond block body, and semicircular grooves are provided on the four corners of the diamond block body. The semicircular grooves of two adjacent diamond block bodies can completely wrap the support columns, and the middle positions of the upper and lower surfaces of the four sides of the diamond block body are vertically provided with card grooves, the width of the card grooves is greater than the frame width of the diamond block body, and the four sides of the diamond block body are provided with seepage holes with a diameter smaller than the small riprap.

[0006] Preferably, the support column comprises a hollow pipe column, and four through grooves are vertically opened on the side wall of the pipe column along its length direction, and the four through grooves correspond to the two sides of two adjacent diamond-shaped building block bodies in pairs, and grouting channels are horizontally arranged in the four sides of the diamond-shaped building block body. The grouting inlet of the grouting channel is arranged on the semicircular groove and faces the through groove, and cement is grouted in the pipe column.

[0007] Preferably, the grouting channel extends to the end of the slot, and the four sides of the diamond-shaped building block body are provided with connecting holes. When the upper and lower diamond-shaped building block bodies are completely cross-engaged with each other through the slot, the connecting holes on the two diamond-shaped building block bodies are correspondingly connected to the grouting channels on the relative diamond-shaped building block bodies.

[0008] Preferably, annular grooves are provided on both sides of the slot at the periphery of the grouting channel entrance, the diameter of the annular grooves is larger than the connecting hole, and a rubber ring protruding into the slot is embedded in the annular grooves.

[0009] A method for constructing a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for a seawall structure comprises the following steps: S1: Calculate the installation position of the support column based on the distance from the center point of the diamond-shaped block body to the center point of the semicircular groove. Insert the support column into the soft soil foundation by driving the pile at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, align the through groove with the 45° angle between the horizontal and vertical lines. The length of the support column exposed from the soft soil foundation is lowered from the inside to the outside to the soft soil foundation beach surface according to the shape of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap. S2: Arrange the diamond-shaped modules on the bottom layer. Adjacent diamond-shaped blocks are connected by semicircular grooves. The two semicircular grooves wrap the support columns at the corresponding positions. The support columns in the horizontal and vertical directions are located at the center point of the diamond-shaped block and the center point of the two semicircular grooves, which are arranged alternately. S3: Arrange the second layer, reduce the number of diamond modules in the longitudinal direction by one or more, connect adjacent diamond blocks with semicircular grooves, wrap the two semicircular grooves around the support column located at the center of the diamond blocks of the first layer, and engage the grooves of the diamond blocks of the second layer with the grooves of the diamond blocks of the first layer with each other by mortise and tenon joints; S4: Arrange N+1 layers, the arrangement method is consistent with S3, until the diamond modules are stacked to the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame in the shape of a trapezoidal slope protection; S5: Cement slurry or fine sand concrete is injected into each pipe column. The cement slurry or fine sand concrete enters the grouting channel through the through groove and the grouting inlet, and enters the connecting hole from the other end of the grouting channel; S6: After the cement slurry or fine sand concrete is dry and hard, small riprap is filled into the diamond block body until the uppermost diamond block body is filled and overflows to cover the diamond block body to form a slope structure that is first horizontal and then inclined.

[0010] The present invention provides a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame for seawall structures and a construction method thereof. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame and construction method for seawall structures consists of a series of diamond-shaped modules stacked in a regular, alternating arrangement. Adjacent diamond-shaped modules are connected by support columns and filled with small riprap to form a new riprap slope. The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame restrains the small riprap, preventing it from being swept away by tidal currents and causing risks such as piping. It also distributes the load stress of the small riprap in blocks across the diamond-shaped modules, significantly improving the stability of the seawall and reducing the risk of dam failure.

[0011] 2. The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame and construction method for seawall structures pour cement slurry or fine sand concrete from pipe columns, so that the support columns and diamond modules, as well as the upper and lower alternating diamond modules, are cast and connected into one piece. This greatly improves the overall resistance to small riprap loads and stability of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame, making it less likely to collapse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is an axonometric drawing of a diamond-shaped module of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of multiple diamond-shaped modules stacked up and down according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the support column of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation arrangement of the support columns of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an axonometric diagram of a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame according to the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic side view of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame of the present invention; Figure 8 A partial side cross-sectional view of the diamond-shaped module of the present invention when connected to a support column; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap scene of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 1 honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame, 2 diamond-shaped module, 3 support column, 4 embankment body, 5 small riprap, 6 large block slope protection structure, 7 land-side air-tight earthwork, 8 inner slope greening, 9 soft soil foundation, 10 pile foundation, 21 diamond-shaped block body, 22 semicircular groove, 23 card groove, 24 seepage hole, 25 grouting channel, 26 grouting inlet, 27 connecting hole, 28 ring groove, 31 pipe column, 32 through groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] like Figure 9As shown, the seawall structure usually includes a levee body 4, a riprap slope levee, a large-block slope protection structure 6, an airtight earthwork 7 on the land side, inner slope greening 8, a composite foundation 9, and a pile foundation 10. Soft soil foundations 9 are set on both sides of the levee body 4. The riprap slope levee is located on the soft soil foundation 9 on the outside of the levee body 4, and the airtight earthwork 7 on the land side is located on the soft soil foundation 9 on the inside of the levee body 4. Inner slope greening 8 is planted on the airtight earthwork 7 on the land side. The large-block slope protection structure 6 is laid on the riprap slope levee. The levee body 4 is a hollow reinforced concrete frame structure. The foundation of the levee body 2 is a middle pile foundation 10. The pile foundation 10 is used to transfer the load of the levee body 4 to the deep part of the foundation soil. The levee body 4 structure is not easy to sink, and no additional stress is generated on the soft soil foundations 9 on both sides, and the back pressure structure on both sides is small.

[0015] The present application aims to improve the riprap slope embankment, in which the existing riprap slope embankment is formed by piling up small ripraps.

[0016] The embodiment of the present invention provides a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame for seawall structure. Figure 1-9 As shown, the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame 1 is composed of several diamond-shaped modules 2, support columns 3, and small ripraps, forming a trapezoidal slope protection structure. The diamond-shaped modules 2 are stacked in a regular, alternating pattern, with adjacent diamond-shaped modules 2 supported and connected by support columns 3. The diamond-shaped modules 2 are filled with small ripraps. This creates a new riprap slope embankment. The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame 1 restrains the small ripraps 5, preventing them from being washed away by tidal currents and causing risks such as piping. It also distributes the load stress of the small ripraps in a block-like manner across the diamond-shaped modules 2, significantly improving the stability of the seawall and reducing the risk of dam failure.

[0017] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the diamond-shaped module 2 includes a diamond-shaped block body 21. The diamond-shaped block body 21 has a diamond-shaped structure with four identical sides. In this embodiment, the angles between the four sides are all 90°, that is, a square structure. Of course, other diamond-shaped structures that can achieve the same function are also possible. Semicircular grooves 22 are provided at the four corners of the diamond-shaped block body 21. The inner diameter of the semicircular grooves 22 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the support column 3. The semicircular grooves 22 of two adjacent diamond-shaped block bodies 21 can completely enclose the support column 3. The support column 3 is used to reinforce and position the adjacent diamond-shaped block bodies 21.

[0018] The middle positions of the upper and lower surfaces of the four sides of the diamond-shaped building block body 21 are vertically provided with a card slot 23. The width of the card slot 23 is slightly larger than the width of the frame of the diamond-shaped building block body 21, and the frame of the diamond-shaped building block body 21 can just fit into the card slot 23.

[0019] like Figure 2 As shown, the slots 23 on the upper and lower diamond-shaped building block bodies 21 are connected to each other by mortise and tenon joints.

[0020] The four sides of the diamond-shaped block body 21 are all provided with seepage holes 24 with a diameter smaller than that of the small riprap. The seepage holes 24 are used to discharge the seawater that flows into the diamond-shaped block body 21.

[0021] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the support column 3 comprises a hollow tubular column 31 with four vertical slots 32 defined along its length on its sidewalls. The lengths of the tubular column 31 and the slots 32 are determined by the stacking height of the diamond-shaped modules 2. Each of the four slots 32 corresponds to two edges of two adjacent diamond-shaped building block bodies 21. Cement or fine sand concrete is grouted into the tubular column 31. The slots 32 are used to guide the cement grout or concrete poured into the tubular column 31 onto the diamond-shaped building block bodies 21.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, grouting channels 25 are horizontally arranged in the four sides of the diamond-shaped block body 21. The two ends of the grouting channel 25 pass through the semicircular groove 22 and the card groove 23 respectively. The grouting inlet 26 of the grouting channel 25 is arranged on the semicircular groove 22 and faces the through groove 32. The fine sand concrete poured from the pipe column 31 passes through the through groove 32 and the grouting inlet 26 into the grouting channel 25.

[0023] One end of the grouting channel 25, located on the inner wall of the slot 23, serves as a grouting outlet. Connecting holes 27 are provided on all four sides of the diamond-shaped block body 21. When the upper and lower diamond-shaped block bodies 21 are fully interlocked through the slot 23, the connecting holes 27 on both diamond-shaped block bodies 21 communicate with the corresponding grouting channels 25 on the opposing diamond-shaped block body 21. The grouting outlet is used to guide concrete into the connecting holes 27.

[0024] To prevent concrete from leaking out of the grouting outlet, annular grooves 28 are provided on both sides of the slot 23, surrounding the entrance of the grouting channel 25. The diameter of the annular grooves 28 is larger than the connecting hole 27, and a rubber ring protruding into the slot 23 is embedded in the annular grooves 28. When the upper and lower diamond-shaped building block bodies 21 are engaged with each other through the slot 23, the rubber ring on the outside of the slot 23 presses against the outside of the connecting hole 27 of the corresponding diamond-shaped building block body 21, thereby preventing concrete from leaking out.

[0025] By pouring cement slurry or fine sand concrete from the pipe column 31, the support column 3 and the diamond modules 2, as well as the upper and lower alternating diamond modules 2, are cast and connected into one body, so that the overall resistance to small riprap load and stability of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame 1 are greatly improved and not easy to collapse.

[0026] A method for constructing a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for a seawall structure comprises the following steps: S1: If Figure 4As shown, the installation position of the support column 3 is calculated based on the distance from the center point of the diamond-shaped building block body 21 to the center point of the semicircular groove 22, and the support column 3 is inserted into the soft soil foundation by piling at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, the through groove 32 is aligned with the 45° angle line between the horizontal line and the vertical line. The length of the support column 3 exposed from the soft soil foundation is lowered from the inside to the outside to the soft soil foundation beach surface according to the shape of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap, so that it forms a trapezoidal shape.

[0027] S2: Arrange the bottom diamond modules 2, and the adjacent diamond block bodies 21 are connected by semicircular grooves 22. The two semicircular grooves 22 wrap the support columns 3 at the corresponding positions. The positions of the support columns 3 in the horizontal and vertical directions are the center points of the diamond block body 21 and the center points of the two semicircular grooves 22, which are arranged alternately; that is, the semicircular grooves 22 on the bottom diamond module 2 wrap and connect as follows Figure 6 The second, fourth, sixth and other even-numbered vertical columns are arranged in the vertical direction.

[0028] S3: Arrange the second layer, the number of diamond modules 2 in the longitudinal direction is reduced by one or more, and the adjacent diamond block bodies 21 are connected by semicircular grooves 22. The two semicircular grooves 22 are wrapped around the support column 3 located at the center of the diamond block body 21 of the first layer. That is to say, the semicircular grooves 22 on the diamond module 2 of the second layer are wrapped and connected as follows. Figure 6 The first, third, fifth and other odd-numbered vertical columns are arranged in the longitudinal direction. The slots 23 of the second layer of diamond-shaped building blocks 21 are engaged with the slots 23 on the first layer of diamond-shaped building blocks 21, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 shown.

[0029] S4: Arrange N+1 layers. The arrangement is consistent with the idea of ​​S3. It is worth noting that the diamond modules 2 of the odd layers are connected to the even columns of the support columns 3, and the diamond modules 2 of the even layers are connected to the odd columns of the support columns 3. Until the diamond modules 2 are stacked to the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap 1 in the shape of a trapezoidal slope protection, as shown in the figure. Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown.

[0030] S5: Cement slurry or fine sand concrete is injected into each pipe column 31. The cement slurry or fine sand concrete enters the grouting channel 25 through the through groove 32 and the grouting inlet 26, and enters the connecting hole 27 from the other end of the grouting channel 25. Figure 8 shown.

[0031] S6: As Figure 9As shown, after the cement paste or fine sand concrete is dried and hardened, small riprap 5 is filled into the diamond block body 21 until the uppermost diamond block body 21 is filled and overflows to cover the diamond block body 21, forming a slope structure that is first horizontal and then inclined. The overflowing small riprap 5 can protect the diamond block body 21. A layer of prefabricated reinforced concrete large block slope protection structure 6 is laid on the small riprap 5 layer.

[0032] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for seawall structures, characterized by: The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame (1) is composed of a plurality of rhombus modules (2), support columns (3), and small ripraps to form a trapezoidal slope protection structure. The plurality of rhombus modules (2) are alternately and regularly stacked up and down, and adjacent rhombus modules (2) are supported and connected by support columns (3). The rhombus modules (2) are filled with small ripraps. The rhombus modules (2) include a rhombus block body (21). Semicircular semicircular grooves (22) are provided on the four corners of the rhombus block body (21). The semicircular grooves (22) of two adjacent rhombus block bodies (21) can completely wrap the support columns (3). The middle positions of the upper and lower surfaces of the four sides of the rhombus block body (21) are vertically provided with card grooves (23). The width of the card grooves (23) is greater than the frame width of the rhombus block body (21). The four sides of the rhombus block body (21) are provided with water seepage holes (24) with a diameter smaller than the small ripraps.

2. The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for seawall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (3) comprises a hollow pipe column (31), and four through grooves (32) are vertically opened on the side wall of the pipe column (31) along its length direction. The four through grooves (32) correspond to two sides of two adjacent diamond-shaped building block bodies (21), and grouting channels (25) are transversely arranged in the four sides of the diamond-shaped building block body (21). The grouting inlet (26) of the grouting channel (25) is arranged on the semicircular groove (22) and faces the through groove (32). Cement is grouted in the pipe column (31).

3. The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for seawall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grouting channel (25) extends to the end of the slot (23), and the four sides of the diamond-shaped building block body (21) are provided with connecting holes (27). When the upper and lower diamond-shaped building block bodies (21) are completely cross-engaged with each other through the slot (23), the connecting holes (27) on the two diamond-shaped building block bodies (21) are correspondingly connected to the grouting channel (25) on the relative diamond-shaped building block body (21).

4. The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for seawall structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Annular grooves (28) are provided on both sides of the clamping groove (23) at the periphery of the entrance of the grouting channel (25); the diameter of the annular groove (28) is larger than the connecting hole (27); and a rubber ring protruding into the clamping groove (23) is embedded in the annular groove (28).

5. A method for constructing a honeycomb trapezoidal riprap for a seawall structure, characterized in that: The honeycomb trapezoidal riprap frame according to claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: S1: Calculate the installation position of the support column (3) according to the distance between the center point of the diamond block body (21) and the center point of the semicircular groove (22), insert it into the soft soil foundation by piling at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions, and align the through groove (32) with the 45° angle line between the horizontal line and the vertical line. The length of the support column (3) exposed from the soft soil foundation is lowered from the inside to the outside to the soft soil foundation beach according to the shape of the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap; S2: Arrange the bottom diamond modules (2), connect the adjacent diamond block bodies (21) through semicircular grooves (22), and wrap the support columns (3) at the corresponding positions with the two semicircular grooves (22). The positions of the support columns (3) in the horizontal and vertical directions are the center points of the diamond block body (21) and the center points of the two semicircular grooves (22) in an alternating manner; S3: Arrange the second layer, the number of diamond modules (2) is reduced by one or more in the longitudinal direction, and adjacent diamond block bodies (21) are connected by semicircular grooves (22), and the two semicircular grooves (22) are wrapped around the support column (3) located at the center of the first layer of diamond block bodies (21), and the grooves (23) of the second layer of diamond block bodies (21) are engaged with the grooves (23) on the first layer of diamond block bodies (21) by mortise and tenon joints; S4: Arrange N+1 layers in the same arrangement as S3 until the diamond modules (2) are stacked onto the honeycomb trapezoidal riprap (1) in the shape of a trapezoidal slope protection; S5: injecting cement slurry or fine sand concrete into each pipe column (31), the cement slurry or fine sand concrete enters the grouting channel (25) through the through groove (32) and the grouting inlet (26), and enters the connecting hole (27) from the other end of the grouting channel (25); S6: After the cement paste or fine sand concrete is dry and hardened, small riprap is filled into the diamond block body (21) until the uppermost diamond block body (21) is filled and overflows to cover the diamond block body (21) to form a slope structure that is first horizontal and then inclined.

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