Multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automation control, and discloses a multi-tank hydrogen storage and transportation system and a control method thereof. The multi-tank hydrogen storage and transportation system comprises a control module, a hydrogen transportation module, a hydrogen storage module, and the like. The hydrogen transportation module comprises a hydrogen transportation pipe, a hydrogen production device flowmeter and a compression assembly. The hydrogen transportation pipe is connected with the compression assembly. The hydrogen production device flowmeter is arranged on the hydrogen transportation pipe. The hydrogen transportation pipe is provided with an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor. The hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen input pipe, a tank main pipe and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks. The hydrogen input pipe is connected with the hydrogen transportation pipe. The hydrogen input pipe is provided with an inlet adjusting valve. The tank main pipe is connected with the hydrogen transportation pipe. The hydrogen storage tanks are connected with the tank main pipe through tank sub-pipes. The tank main pipe is provided with an outlet adjusting valve and a hydrogen output pressure sensor. The application improves the buffering capacity, operation efficiency and safety of the multi-tank system, realizes full-automatic balance control between hydrogen production and hydrogen use, effectively reduces pressure fluctuation and energy consumption, and guarantees stable hydrogen supply of the system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of automation control, and particularly relates to a multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Clean energy refers to energy that does not emit pollutants or emits very low pollutants and can be directly used for production and life. Hydrogen energy is a kind of clean energy, and the storage and transportation technology still needs to be broken through. In recent years, in a number of large-scale wind-solar hydrogen production projects, the flexibility of operation of each link from hydrogen production to green chemical industry is explored to cope with the volatility of upstream power generation. In large-scale chemical (such as methanol synthesis), refining, hydrogen energy comprehensive utilization and other scenes, hydrogen produced by hydrogen production devices such as large-scale wind-solar power generation alkaline water electrolysis needs to be stably delivered to downstream hydrogen using devices. However, there are problems such as load fluctuation, asynchronous start-stop or rate mismatch between hydrogen production and hydrogen use systems, resulting in transient or periodic imbalance between hydrogen production and hydrogen use.

[0003] The existing solution mainly controls the storage and output management of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank through a single or a small number of hydrogen storage tanks and multiple compressors. For example, patent CN220669148U discloses a large-scale high-pressure hydrogen storage and supply device, which sets compressors on the upstream of hydrogen storage and the upstream of hydrogen delivery. This kind of technology has the following obvious shortcomings:

[0004] Limited buffer capacity: a single tank or a small number of tanks cannot effectively smooth the significant fluctuations between large-scale hydrogen production and use, which easily leads to dramatic fluctuations in system pressure and affects the stable operation of upstream and downstream devices;

[0005] Coarse pressure control: traditional control strategies are insufficient for the collaborative management of multiple tanks. Generally, a compressor is added at the inlet of the tank for hydrogen storage and discharge management. The pressure fluctuates greatly during hydrogen charging and discharging, and the energy consumption is high. It is difficult to fully utilize the high pressure at the outlet of the existing water electrolysis device as a pressure source;

[0006] Low degree of automation: mode switching relies on manual judgment, and the response is slow. There is a lack of adaptive charging and discharging strategies and safety interlocking mechanisms for multi-tank systems;

[0007] Poor hydrogen delivery stability: the control of hydrogen delivery flow and pressure is disconnected from the hydrogen storage system, making it difficult to respond to changes in downstream hydrogen demand and fluctuations in upstream wind-solar power generation and hydrogen supply, which affects the smooth operation of hydrogen using devices.

[0008] Therefore, the present application proposes a multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and a control method thereof to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present application aims to provide a multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and a control method thereof, which improves the buffering capacity, operation efficiency and safety of the multi-tank system, realizes full-automatic balance control between hydrogen production and hydrogen use, effectively reduces pressure fluctuation and energy consumption, and guarantees stable hydrogen supply.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0011] In the first aspect of the present application, a multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system is provided, which comprises:

[0012] a control module;

[0013] a hydrogen delivery module connected with the control module, comprising a hydrogen delivery pipe, a hydrogen production device flow meter and a compression assembly, the input end of the hydrogen delivery pipe being connected with an upstream hydrogen production system, the output end of the hydrogen delivery pipe being connected with the input end of the compression assembly, the output end of the compression assembly being connected with a downstream hydrogen use system, the hydrogen production device flow meter being arranged on the hydrogen delivery pipe, an inlet pressure sensor being arranged on the input end of the hydrogen delivery pipe, and an outlet pressure sensor being arranged on the output end of the hydrogen delivery pipe;

[0014] a hydrogen storage module connected with the control module, comprising a hydrogen input pipe, a tank main pipe and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks, the input end of the hydrogen input pipe being connected with the hydrogen delivery pipe, the output end of the hydrogen input pipe being connected with the input end of the tank main pipe, an inlet regulating valve being arranged on the hydrogen input pipe, the output end of the tank main pipe being connected with the hydrogen delivery pipe, the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks being connected with the tank main pipe through tank sub-pipes, a shut-off valve being arranged on the tank sub-pipes, an outlet regulating valve and a hydrogen storage output pressure sensor being arranged on the tank main pipe, the outlet regulating valve being located downstream of the connection between the hydrogen storage tanks and the tank main pipe, and the hydrogen storage output pressure sensor being arranged upstream of the outlet regulating valve.

[0015] Preferably, the compression assembly comprises a hydrogen delivery compression main pipe, a plurality of hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipes arranged in parallel, and a plurality of hydrogen delivery compressors, the input ends of the plurality of hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipes being connected with the output end of the hydrogen delivery pipe, the output ends of the plurality of hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipes being connected with the input end of the hydrogen delivery compression main pipe, the output pipe of the hydrogen delivery compression main pipe being connected with the hydrogen use system, and a hydrogen use regulating valve being arranged on the hydrogen delivery compression main pipe, wherein one hydrogen delivery compressor is arranged on each hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe, a gate valve is arranged on the input end and the output end of each hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe, a compression pressure sensor is arranged on each hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe, and the compression pressure sensor is arranged downstream of the hydrogen delivery compressor.

[0016] More preferably, a hydrogen delivery pressure sensor and a hydrogen delivery flow meter are arranged on the hydrogen delivery compression main pipe, the hydrogen delivery pressure sensor is arranged upstream of the hydrogen delivery flow meter, and the hydrogen use regulating valve is located between the hydrogen delivery pressure sensor and the hydrogen delivery flow meter.

[0017] More preferably, the number of hydrogen delivery compressors is 2, one of which is in normal use and the other is in standby.

[0018] In the second aspect of the present application, a control method for multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery is proposed, which is controlled by the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system described above, and includes adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release and adaptive control of hydrogen delivery process, as follows:

[0019] Adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release: set the hydrogen flow fluctuation range according to the real-time hydrogen demand of the downstream hydrogen-using system, calculate the difference between the real-time hydrogen production and the real-time hydrogen demand, compare the difference with the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, and automatically switch between the hydrogen storage mode, the hydrogen release mode and the balance mode, wherein the automatic switching conditions are as follows:

[0020] When the difference is greater than the upper limit dead zone of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, switch to the hydrogen storage mode, at this time the hydrogen production exceeds the upper limit of the hydrogen demand, and the excess hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage module;

[0021] When the difference is less than the lower limit dead zone of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, switch to the hydrogen release module, at this time the hydrogen production cannot meet the lower limit of the hydrogen demand, and the hydrogen storage module outputs hydrogen to supplement the insufficient hydrogen production;

[0022] When the difference is within the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, switch to the balance mode, adjust the opening of the regulating valve in the hydrogen storage module to realize dynamic hydrogen storage, at this time the hydrogen production is slightly greater than the hydrogen demand, but the two are still in a balanced state;

[0023] Adaptive control of hydrogen delivery process: combine the hydrogen production scheduling plan, the hydrogen production plan and the real-time state of the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system, and the controller optimizes the scheduling instruction to output a smooth hydrogen delivery flow target value. When the difference between the sum of the hydrogen production of the upstream hydrogen production system and the hydrogen storage in the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and the total hydrogen demand of the downstream hydrogen-using system causes the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system to be unable to be regulated and controlled, the hydrogen production scheduling plan of the hydrogen production system is corrected in reverse.

[0024] Preferably, in the adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release, soft measurement dynamic calculation is performed to calculate the maximum hydrogen charging and discharging flow of the hydrogen storage module and the current hydrogen charging and discharging demand of the hydrogen storage module in real time according to the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank, the pressure of the tank main pipe and the opening of the regulating valve.

[0025] Preferably, a safety interlocking mechanism is provided in the adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release, which includes a hydrogen storage tank overpressure / low pressure shutdown interlock, a tank main pipe overpressure / low pressure protection interlock, a hydrogen storage tank safety valve interlock and a hydrogen production / delivery load lock under the pressure limit of the whole system.

[0026] Preferably, in the hydrogen storage module, the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks are divided into low-pressure group, medium-pressure group and high-pressure group according to the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank, wherein the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank of the low-pressure group is 0.25-0.8 MPa, the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank of the medium-pressure group is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank of the high-pressure group is 1.2-2.0 MPa.

[0027] More preferably, in the hydrogen storage self-adaptive control, the operation of the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks includes same charging and discharging control, pressure gradient grading control and relay charging and discharging control.

[0028] The same charging and discharging control refers to that the closing valves of a part of the hydrogen storage tanks are always open, serving as main tanks for buffer adjustment, and the remaining hydrogen storage tanks serve as high-pressure backup, serving as backup tanks; in the hydrogen charging and storage process, the backup tanks are preferentially supplemented, and in the hydrogen discharging process, when the main tanks are in a low-pressure state, the backup tanks are put into use.

[0029] The pressure gradient grading control refers to that hydrogen charging is preferentially performed on the low-pressure group, especially the hydrogen storage tanks with low pressure in the low-pressure group, and hydrogen discharging is preferentially performed on the high-pressure group, especially the hydrogen storage tanks with high pressure in the high-pressure group.

[0030] The relay charging and discharging control refers to that when the pressure difference of a part of the hydrogen storage tanks in adjacent two groups among the low-pressure group, the medium-pressure group and the high-pressure group is lower than a set group pressure difference value, the hydrogen storage tanks are taken as a relay group, and the closing valves of the hydrogen storage tanks in the relay group are synchronously operated to realize smooth transition.

[0031] Preferably, the hydrogen delivery process self-adaptive control includes a hand-automatic non-disturbance switching loop and flow pressure self-adaptive regulation.

[0032] The hand-automatic non-disturbance switching loop realizes non-disturbance switching of automatic tracking of an optimized target and manual setting of a target, and automatic control switching to manual control when communication failure or control deviation is out of limit.

[0033] The flow pressure self-adaptive regulation realizes coupling and coordinated control of the hydrogen regulating valve, the hydrogen delivery compressor, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve by controlling the hydrogen delivery flow to track a target value, and controlling the load of the hydrogen delivery compressor and the opening degree of the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve to accurately control the outlet pressure of the hydrogen delivery pipe.

[0034] Beneficial effects

[0035] The present application breaks through the existing technology of using small storage tanks, has strong buffer capacity, and uses a plurality of large storage tanks such as Figure 1 10 2000 m 3 hydrogen storage tanks, combined with the intelligent control of the present application, can effectively cope with large-scale production and use of hydrogen fluctuations.

[0036] The pressure control of the application is smooth and efficient, the pressure fluctuation of the storage tank main pipe is reduced based on adaptive control of hydrogen storage and adaptive control of hydrogen delivery process, the hydrogen storage module charging and discharging path is optimized, hydrogen storage is realized by using high-pressure hydrogen gas of the hydrogen production system, the use of the compressor is reduced, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced.

[0037] The application has the advantages of full-automatic intelligent operation, automatic switching of hydrogen storage and discharge, dynamic selection of hydrogen storage tanks, smooth optimization of hydrogen delivery target, realization of full-system unattended intelligent operation, and fast response to changes.

[0038] The application has the advantages of strong adaptability, accurate and stable hydrogen delivery, smooth optimization of hydrogen delivery flow and self-adaptive regulation of pressure, ensuring stable and accurate hydrogen delivery to the downstream hydrogen using system, and ensuring smooth operation of the hydrogen using system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The system schematic diagram of the application is shown.

[0040] Reference signs: 1-hydrogen production system, 2-hydrogen using system, 3-hydrogen delivery compressor, 4, 4a-4j-hydrogen storage tank, 5-storage tank main pipe, 6-inlet regulating valve, 7-outlet regulating valve, 8, 8a-8j-storage tank inlet shut-off valve, 9, 9a-9j-storage tank outlet shut-off valve, 10-inlet pressure sensor, 11-outlet pressure sensor, 12-hydrogen storage output pressure sensor, 13-hydrogen production device flowmeter, 14-hydrogen delivery flowmeter, 15-hydrogen delivery pressure sensor, 16-hydrogen regulating valve, 17-hydrogen delivery pipe, 18-hydrogen input pipe, 19-hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe, 20-compression pressure sensor, 21-gate valve, and 22-hydrogen delivery compression main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, specific implementation manners of the application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0042] As Figure 1As shown, the present application proposes a multi-tank hydrogen storage and transportation system, which is based on a plurality of large hydrogen storage tanks 4 to form a hydrogen storage and transportation system, comprising a control module, a hydrogen transportation module and a hydrogen storage module, the hydrogen transportation module and the hydrogen storage module are connected with the control module, the hydrogen transportation module connects the upstream hydrogen production system 1 with the downstream hydrogen using system 2, and the hydrogen storage module is connected with the hydrogen transportation module. The hydrogen transportation module cooperates with the hydrogen production module to stabilize the system by regulating the hydrogen transportation amount. The following will introduce the multi-tank hydrogen storage and transportation system of the present application with specific structure.

[0043] As shown, Figure 1 The hydrogen transportation module includes a hydrogen transportation pipe 17 and a compression assembly. The input end of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 is connected with the upstream hydrogen production system 1, the output end of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 is connected with the input end of the compression assembly, the output end of the compression assembly is connected with the downstream hydrogen using system 2, the input end of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 is provided with an inlet pressure sensor 10, the output end of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 is provided with an outlet pressure sensor 11, the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage module are connected with the hydrogen transportation pipe 17, and the connection between the hydrogen storage module and the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 is between the inlet pressure sensor 10 and the outlet pressure sensor 11. As shown, Figure 1 The inlet pressure sensor 10 is set at a pressure point 01 to detect the hydrogen pressure upstream of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17, and the outlet pressure sensor 11 is set at a pressure point 02 to detect the hydrogen pressure downstream of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17, i.e. the hydrogen pressure entering the compression assembly.

[0044] A check valve is arranged at the connection between the input end of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 and the hydrogen production system 1, and a check valve is also arranged between the inlet pressure sensor 10 and the outlet pressure sensor 11 of the hydrogen transportation pipe 17.

[0045] Further, a hydrogen production device flow meter 13 is arranged on the hydrogen transportation pipe 17, and the hydrogen production device flow meter 13 is located between the inlet pressure sensor 10 and the intermediate check valve.

[0046] The function of the hydrogen transportation module is to output the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production system 1. According to the pipeline arrangement of the hydrogen transportation module, the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production system 1 is transported through the hydrogen transportation pipe 17, compressed by the compression assembly and then transported to the hydrogen using system 2, and part of the hydrogen can enter the hydrogen storage module for storage. Since the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 is connected with the hydrogen storage module, in actual production, part of the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage module for storage, the hydrogen transportation module cooperates with the hydrogen storage module to improve the overall buffering capacity of the system and eliminate the fluctuation of hydrogen production and consumption between the upstream hydrogen production system 1 and the downstream hydrogen using system 2. For example, when the upstream hydrogen production is significantly greater than the downstream hydrogen consumption, part of the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage module for storage, and the hydrogen is output according to the downstream hydrogen consumption demand; when the upstream hydrogen production is significantly less than the downstream hydrogen consumption, the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production system is directly output through the hydrogen transportation pipe 17, and the hydrogen storage module also outputs hydrogen, so that the hydrogen output by the hydrogen transportation pipe 17 meets the requirements.

[0047] This invention utilizes the high pressure of the upstream hydrogen production system 1 to achieve hydrogen storage, thereby reducing the need for a compressor between the upstream hydrogen production system 1 and the hydrogen storage and transportation system.

[0048] The compression assembly includes a main hydrogen compression pipe 22, multiple parallel-connected hydrogen compression branch pipes 19, and multiple hydrogen compressors 3. The input ends of the multiple hydrogen compression branch pipes 19 are connected to the output end of the hydrogen supply pipe 17, and the output ends of the multiple hydrogen compression branch pipes 19 are connected to the input end of the main hydrogen compression pipe 22. The output pipe of the main hydrogen compression pipe 22 is connected to the hydrogen consumption system 2. The main hydrogen compression pipe 22 is equipped with a hydrogen consumption regulating valve 16. Each hydrogen compression branch pipe 19 is equipped with a hydrogen compressor 3. Gate valves 21 are installed at both the input and output ends of each hydrogen compression branch pipe 19. A compression pressure sensor 20 is installed on each hydrogen compression branch pipe 19, located downstream of the hydrogen compressor 3. A check valve is also installed on each hydrogen compression branch pipe 19, preferably located downstream of the compression pressure sensor 20.

[0049] In this invention, the number of hydrogen delivery compressors 3 is ≥1, preferably 2. Figure 1 As shown, one of the two hydrogen compressors 3 is in normal operation, and the other is in standby mode. It is easy to understand that the gate valve 21 of the hydrogen compression branch pipe 19 connected to the hydrogen compressor 3 in normal operation is open, while the gate valve 21 of the hydrogen compression branch pipe 19 connected to the hydrogen compressor 3 in standby mode is closed. Figure 1 As shown, one of the compression pressure sensors 20 is set at pressure point 05 to detect the pressure of hydrogen output from the hydrogen compression pipe 19, and the other compression pressure sensor 20 is set at pressure point 06 to detect the pressure of hydrogen output from the hydrogen compression pipe 19.

[0050] A hydrogen pressure sensor 15 and a hydrogen flow meter 14 are installed on the hydrogen compression main pipe 22, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen supply pressure sensor 15 is located upstream of the hydrogen supply flow meter 14, and the hydrogen regulating valve 16 is located between the hydrogen supply pressure sensor 15 and the hydrogen supply flow meter 14. The hydrogen supply pressure sensor 15 is set at pressure point 04 and is used to detect the hydrogen pressure delivered to the hydrogen consumption system 2.

[0051] In this invention, all electrical devices in the hydrogen delivery module are connected to the controller. For example, the hydrogen delivery compressor 3, the regulating valve, the pressure sensors at various locations, and the flow meter are all connected to the controller to achieve automated control.

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, the hydrogen storage module includes a hydrogen input pipe 18, a storage tank main pipe 5 and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 4. The input end of the hydrogen input pipe 18 is connected with the hydrogen delivery pipe 17, the output end of the hydrogen input pipe 18 is connected with the input end of the storage tank main pipe 5, the hydrogen input pipe 18 is provided with an inlet regulating valve 6, the output end of the storage tank main pipe 5 is connected with the hydrogen delivery pipe 17, the connection between the hydrogen input pipe 18 and the hydrogen delivery pipe 17 is located upstream of the connection between the storage tank main pipe 5 and the hydrogen delivery pipe 17, the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 4 are connected with the storage tank main pipe 5 through storage tank sub-pipes, the storage tank sub-pipes are provided with shut-off valves, the storage tank main pipe 5 is provided with an outlet regulating valve 7, and the outlet regulating valve 7 is located downstream of the connection between the hydrogen storage tank 4 and the storage tank main pipe 5. The storage tank main pipe 5 is also provided with a check valve, and the check valve is located downstream of the outlet regulating valve 7.

[0053] Each hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 are connected with the storage tank main pipe 5 through storage tank sub-pipes, that is, each hydrogen storage tank 4 is connected with the storage tank main pipe 5 through two storage tank sub-pipes, the storage tank sub-pipe connected with the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided with a storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8, and the storage tank sub-pipe connected with the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided with a storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9.

[0054] Preferably, the storage tank main pipe 5 is also provided with a hydrogen storage output pressure sensor 12, the hydrogen storage output pressure sensor 12 is located upstream of the outlet regulating valve 7 and downstream of the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 4. The hydrogen storage output pressure sensor 12 is set at a pressure point 03, which is used to detect the hydrogen pressure output by the hydrogen storage module.

[0055] In the present application, the hydrogen storage tank 4 is a large storage tank, such as a spherical tank with a volume of 2000 m 3 , a gas storage pressure of 1.4 MPa, and a quantity of 10, and the total effective volume reaches 220000 Nm 3 .

[0056] As shown in Figure 1 , the connection between the hydrogen input pipe 18 and the hydrogen delivery pipe 17 is located downstream of the hydrogen production device flow meter 13, that is, between the hydrogen production device flow meter 13 and the intermediate check valve, and the connection between the storage tank main pipe 5 and the hydrogen delivery pipe 17 is located between the intermediate check valve and the outlet pressure sensor 11.

[0057] In the present application, the inlet pressure sensor 10 on the hydrogen delivery pipe 17 detects the input hydrogen pressure to determine the hydrogen storage strategy of the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen production device flow meter 13 detects the input hydrogen flow to determine the demand of the downstream hydrogen using system 2. If the input hydrogen quantity is much greater than the hydrogen demand, the inlet regulating valve 6 of the hydrogen storage module is opened, part of the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage module for storage, and the final output hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen delivery pipe 17 is detected by the outlet pressure sensor 11.

[0058] Preferably, the quantity of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is ≥2, Figure 1It is easy to understand that the number of the hydrogen storage tanks 4 is determined according to the design, and the hydrogen storage tank 4 of the present application is a large tank, which can meet the large-scale wind-solar hydrogen production project.

[0059] In the present application, all the electrical devices in the hydrogen storage module are connected with the controller, such as all the shut-off valves and all the regulating valves are connected with the controller, so as to realize automatic control.

[0060] The hydrogen storage module and the hydrogen delivery module are combined, so as to realize automatic storage or supplement of hydrogen during the hydrogen delivery process. Whether the hydrogen production amount of the upstream hydrogen production system 1 directly matches the demand amount of the downstream hydrogen using system 2, the present application plays a buffering role, and outputs stable hydrogen based on the downstream hydrogen demand, so as to effectively solve the problem of fluctuation between hydrogen production and hydrogen use. The present application only uses one compressor to control the output hydrogen pressure, compared with the prior art which needs to set multiple compressors in the upstream and downstream to realize hydrogen storage and hydrogen delivery, the present application effectively reduces the energy consumption of the adjusting operation.

[0061] Based on the above-mentioned multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system, the present application also proposes a control method for the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery, including hydrogen storage and release adaptive control and hydrogen delivery process adaptive control, which are as follows:

[0062] Hydrogen storage and release adaptive control: set the hydrogen flow fluctuation range according to the real-time hydrogen demand amount of the downstream hydrogen using system 2, calculate the difference based on the real-time total hydrogen production amount and the real-time total hydrogen demand amount, compare the difference with the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, and automatically switch between the hydrogen storage mode, the hydrogen release mode and the balance mode, wherein the conditions for automatic switching are as follows:

[0063] When the difference is greater than the upper limit dead zone of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, switch to the hydrogen storage mode, at this time, the total hydrogen production exceeds the upper limit of the hydrogen demand, and the excess hydrogen is stored through the hydrogen storage module;

[0064] When the difference is less than the lower limit dead zone of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, switch to the hydrogen release module, at this time, the total hydrogen production cannot meet the lower limit of the hydrogen demand, the hydrogen storage module outputs hydrogen to supplement the part of insufficient hydrogen production;

[0065] When the difference is within the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, switch to the balance mode, adjust the opening degree of the regulating valve in the hydrogen storage module, and realize dynamic hydrogen storage, at this time, the total hydrogen production is slightly greater than the hydrogen demand, but both are still in a balanced state.

[0066] The upper and lower limits of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range actually refer to the upper and lower limits of the total hydrogen demand of the hydrogen using system 2, which can be determined according to the theoretical value of the total hydrogen demand of the hydrogen using system 2, such as the theoretical value of the total hydrogen demand is m, then the hydrogen flow fluctuation range is m ± n, that is, m(1-n) ~ m(1+n), and n is a deviation value, such as n is 1-10%.

[0067] Hydrogen delivery process adaptive control: combined with hydrogen production scheduling and hydrogen consumption scheduling and real-time state of multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system, the controller optimizes the scheduling instruction and outputs smooth hydrogen delivery flow target value. When the difference between the hydrogen production amount of the upstream hydrogen production system 1 and the hydrogen storage amount in the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and the total hydrogen consumption demand of the downstream hydrogen consumption system 2 causes the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system to be unable to be regulated and controlled, the hydrogen production scheduling of the hydrogen production system 1 is corrected in reverse.

[0068] Specifically, the hydrogen production scheduling includes the hydrogen production plan of the hydrogen production system 1, such as the hydrogen production amount and the production time, the hydrogen consumption scheduling includes the hydrogen consumption plan of the hydrogen consumption system 2, such as the hydrogen demand amount in different time periods. The real-time state of the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system is the pipeline pressure, flow and the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4 in the system.

[0069] In the present application, the hydrogen storage and release adaptive control and the hydrogen delivery process adaptive control are performed synchronously. The hydrogen storage and release adaptive control focuses more on the operation of the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen delivery process adaptive control is the control of the whole system.

[0070] Preferably, in the hydrogen storage and release adaptive control, soft measurement dynamic calculation is performed, that is, the maximum hydrogen charging and discharging flow of the hydrogen storage module and the current hydrogen charging and discharging demand of the hydrogen storage module are calculated in real time according to the hydrogen storage tank 4 pressure, the tank main pipe 5 pressure and the regulating valve opening degree in the hydrogen storage module.

[0071] In the hydrogen storage and release adaptive control, a safety interlocking mechanism is provided, an overpressure / low pressure shutdown interlocking of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is detected by a pressure sensor provided in the hydrogen storage tank 4, when the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is too large, the tank inlet shutdown valve 8 is closed to avoid overpressure, when the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage tank 4 causes the pressure in the tank to be too low, the tank outlet shutdown valve 9 is closed to avoid the reverse flow of hydrogen in the tank main pipe 5 due to the too small output pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4; an overpressure / low pressure protection interlocking of the tank main pipe 5 is provided, the tank main pipe 5 is interlocked with the shutdown valves, the inlet regulating valve 6 and the outlet regulating valve 7 of the hydrogen storage tank 4 to avoid problems caused by overpressure or low pressure of the tank main pipe 5; a safety valve interlocking is provided to interlock all the valves in the system; and a hydrogen production / hydrogen delivery load lock under the pressure limit of the whole system is provided, for example, when the hydrogen production amount cannot meet the hydrogen consumption amount at all, the downstream hydrogen consumption system 2 is locked, when the hydrogen production amount is much larger than the hydrogen consumption amount and the storage capacity of the system, the upstream hydrogen production system 1 is locked.

[0072] Preferably, in the hydrogen storage module, the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 4 are divided into a low pressure group, a medium pressure group and a high pressure group according to the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4 in the low pressure group is 0.25-0.8 MPa, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4 in the medium pressure group is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 4 in the high pressure group.

[0073] Preferably, in the storage hydrogen adaptive control, the operation of the plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 4 includes simultaneous charging and discharging control, pressure gradient grading control and relay charging and discharging control.

[0074] The simultaneous charging and discharging control refers to that the closing valves of part of the hydrogen storage tanks 4 are always open, serving as main tanks to participate in buffer adjustment, and the remaining hydrogen storage tanks 4 serve as high-pressure backups, serving as backup tanks; in the hydrogen charging and storage process, the backup tanks are preferentially supplemented, and in the hydrogen discharging process, the backup tanks are put into use when the main tanks are in a low-pressure state. It is easy to understand that the main tanks and the backup tanks are also dynamically changed according to actual production and actual control conditions.

[0075] The pressure gradient grading control refers to that the hydrogen charging is preferentially performed on the low-pressure group, especially the hydrogen storage tanks 4 with low pressure in the low-pressure group, and the hydrogen discharging is preferentially performed on the high-pressure group, especially the hydrogen storage tanks 4 with high pressure in the high-pressure group. According to the results of dynamic calculation of soft measurement, the number and the number of the hydrogen storage tanks 4 required to participate in the hydrogen charging and discharging are dynamically calculated and switched, so that the corresponding hydrogen storage tanks 4 are put into use.

[0076] The relay charging and discharging control refers to that when the pressure difference of part of the hydrogen storage tanks 4 in the adjacent two groups of the low-pressure group, the medium-pressure group and the high-pressure group is lower than a set group pressure difference value, the part of the hydrogen storage tanks 4 are taken as a relay group, and the closing valves of the hydrogen storage tanks 4 in the relay group are synchronously actuated to realize smooth transition.

[0077] The hydrogen delivery process adaptive control includes a hand-automatic non-disturbance switching loop and a flow pressure adaptive regulation;

[0078] The hand-automatic non-disturbance switching loop automatically tracks the non-disturbance switching of the optimized target and the manually set target, and automatically switches the control to manual control when communication failure or control deviation exceeds the limit;

[0079] The flow pressure adaptive regulation controls the hydrogen delivery flow to track the target value through the hydrogen regulating valve 16, accurately controls the outlet pressure of the hydrogen delivery pipe 17 through the control of the load of the hydrogen delivery compressor 3 and the opening degree of the inlet regulating valve 6 and the outlet regulating valve 7 in the hydrogen storage module, and realizes the coupled and coordinated control of the hydrogen regulating valve 16, the hydrogen delivery compressor 3, the inlet regulating valve 6 and the outlet regulating valve 7.

[0080] The present application breaks through the existing technology using small storage tanks, has strong buffer capacity, and uses multiple large storage tanks such as Figure 1 10 2000 m 3 hydrogen storage tanks 4, combined with the intelligent control of the present application, can effectively cope with large-scale production and use of hydrogen fluctuations.

[0081] The pressure control of the present application is stable and efficient, reduces the pressure fluctuation of the storage tank mother pipe 5 based on the storage and hydrogen adaptive control and the hydrogen delivery process adaptive control, optimizes the charging and discharging path of the hydrogen storage module, realizes the hydrogen storage by using the high-pressure hydrogen gas of the hydrogen production system 1, reduces the use of the compressor, and reduces the comprehensive energy consumption.

[0082] The application has the advantages of full-automatic intelligent operation, automatic switching of hydrogen storage state, dynamic selection of hydrogen storage tank 4, smooth optimization of hydrogen delivery target, realization of full-system unattended intelligent operation, and quick response to changes. The application also has the advantages of high safety and reliability, and a hierarchical safety interlocking mechanism covers single hydrogen storage tank 4 risk, storage tank mother pipe 5 risk and system level risk, effectively ensuring the safety of the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and the upstream and downstream systems.

[0083] The application has strong adaptability, can realize accurate and stable hydrogen delivery, and couples smooth optimization of hydrogen delivery flow and self-adaptive regulation of pressure, thereby ensuring stable and accurate hydrogen delivery to the downstream hydrogen using system 2 and ensuring smooth operation of the hydrogen using system 2.

[0084] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments.

[0085] Figure 1 In the embodiment, the hydrogen production system 1 includes 37 water electrolysis hydrogen production devices; the hydrogen using system 2 is a methanol synthesis system; the number of hydrogen storage tanks 4 is 10, and the 10 2000 m 3 spherical hydrogen storage tanks 4 are connected in parallel and numbered 4a-4j, the storage tank inlet shut-off valves 8 are 8a-8j, and the storage tank outlet shut-off valves 9 are 9a-9j; the controller is a DCS / PLC controller, which receives signals of all sensors and flow meters and controls operation of all valves and compressors.

[0086] The sensor at the pressure point 01 is an inlet pressure sensor 10, which monitors the pressure upstream of the inlet regulating valve 6 and is denoted as P1;

[0087] The sensor at the pressure point 02 is an outlet pressure sensor 11, which monitors the inlet pressure of the hydrogen delivery compressor 3 and is denoted as P2;

[0088] The sensor at the pressure point 03 is a hydrogen storage output pressure sensor 12, which monitors the pressure upstream of the outlet regulating valve 7, i.e., the outlet pressure of the storage tank mother pipe 5, and is denoted as P3;

[0089] Hydrogen storage and release self-adaptive control implementation:

[0090] The controller calculates the difference in real time: difference = real-time total hydrogen production (measured by the hydrogen production device flow meter 13) - real-time total hydrogen demand (from system scheduling or feedback of the main regulating instruction of the downstream hydrogen using system 2).

[0091] According to the real-time hydrogen demand of the downstream hydrogen using system 2, the hydrogen flow fluctuation range is set, and the upper limit dead zone such as m+5% and the lower limit dead zone such as m-5% are set.

[0092] When the difference > upper limit dead zone, switch to hydrogen storage mode, close the outlet regulating valve 7 of the hydrogen storage module, and control the inlet regulating valve 6 to target PID control at P1 = 1.55 MPa, and introduce (total hydrogen production - total hydrogen delivery) as feedforward. The tank inlet shutoff valve 8 and the tank outlet shutoff valve 9 in the hydrogen storage module are controlled according to the set same charging and discharging or pressure gradient grading strategy.

[0093] When the difference < lower limit dead zone, switch to hydrogen discharging mode, close the inlet regulating valve 6 of the hydrogen storage module, and when P2 < P3, open the outlet regulating valve 7, the opening degree of which is determined according to the amount of hydrogen to be discharged, the online tank pressure, and the difference between P2 and P3, and the tank inlet shutoff valve 8, i.e. tank inlet shutoff valves 8a-8j, and the tank outlet shutoff valve 9, i.e. tank outlet shutoff valves 9a-9j, are controlled according to the set same charging and discharging or pressure gradient grading strategy.

[0094] When the lower limit dead zone ≤ the difference ≤ the upper limit dead zone, switch to the balance mode, limit the maximum opening degree of the inlet regulating valve 6 and the outlet regulating valve 7, for example, to 30%, and finely adjust to maintain P2 stable.

[0095] Pressure gradient grading control and dynamic selection:

[0096] The tank pressure of each hydrogen storage tank 4 is monitored in real time, the hydrogen storage tank 4 with a tank pressure of 0.25-0.8 MPa is a low-pressure group L, the hydrogen storage tank 4 with a tank pressure of 0.8-1.2 MPa is a medium-pressure group M, and the hydrogen storage tank 4 with a tank pressure of 1.2-1.38 MPa is a high-pressure group H.

[0097] When hydrogen charging, the hydrogen storage mode is used, and when a small amount of hydrogen charging, the balance mode can also be switched to. The L group hydrogen storage tank 4 is preferentially opened, and the hydrogen storage tanks 4 in the group are selected in ascending order of pressure, and the hydrogen storage tank 4 with the lowest pressure is preferentially charged with hydrogen.

[0098] Soft measurement of the amount of hydrogen to be charged: the amount of hydrogen to be charged = min ( (total hydrogen production - total hydrogen delivery), maximum hydrogen charging rate), and the maximum hydrogen charging rate is calculated in real time according to the online tank pressure, P3, valve opening degree / flow capacity, temperature, etc.

[0099] Dynamic quantity calculation: according to the amount of hydrogen to be charged and the theoretical maximum hydrogen charging rate of a single tank at the current pressure and temperature, the minimum number N of L group tanks to be opened is calculated. The first N L group tanks with the highest priority are selected to open their tank inlet shutoff valves 8. If there are not enough L group tanks or the pressure is close to that of the M group, then some M group tanks are opened according to the priority.

[0100] When hydrogen discharging, the hydrogen discharging mode is used, and when a small amount of hydrogen discharging, the balance mode can also be switched to. The H group hydrogen storage tank 4 is preferentially opened, and the hydrogen storage tanks 4 in the group are selected in descending order of pressure, and the hydrogen storage tank 4 with the highest pressure is preferentially discharged.

[0101] Soft measurement needs to be calculated: the amount of hydrogen needs to be released = min ( (total amount of hydrogen input - total amount of hydrogen production), maximum hydrogen release rate). The calculation of the maximum hydrogen release rate is similar to the calculation of the maximum hydrogen charging rate.

[0102] Dynamic quantity calculation: according to the amount of hydrogen needs to be released and the theoretical maximum hydrogen release rate of a single tank at the current pressure and temperature, the minimum number N of H group storage tanks that need to be opened is calculated. The first N H group storage tanks with the highest priority are selected to open their storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9. If there are not enough H group tanks or the pressure is close to M group, then open some M group tanks according to the priority.

[0103] Relay charging and discharging: when the difference between the minimum pressure of the H group and the maximum pressure of the M group is <0.1 MPa (or a set value), or the difference between the minimum pressure of the M group and the maximum pressure of the L group is <0.1 MPa (or a set value), the hydrogen storage tanks 4 with similar pressures in the two groups are considered as a "relay group", and their inlet / outlet valves are synchronized to open and close simultaneously to achieve smooth transition.

[0104] Safety interlocking:

[0105] Single tank protection: during the hydrogen charging process, when the tank pressure ≥1.38 MPa, the storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8 of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is closed, and when the tank pressure ≤1.35 MPa, the storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8 of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is reset;

[0106] During the hydrogen release process, when the tank pressure ≤0.25 MPa, the storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9 of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is closed, and when the tank pressure ≥0.3 MPa, the storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9 of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is reset;

[0107] The hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided with a safety valve set value, and when the tank pressure at any time > the safety valve set value, the safety valve is activated, and if the tank pressure > the safety valve set value occurs during the hydrogen charging process, the storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8 of the hydrogen storage tank 4 is interlocked to close.

[0108] Storage tank manifold 5 and system protection:

[0109] During the hydrogen charging process, if P3 ≥ a set protection value such as 1.4 MPa, the inlet regulating valve 6 is interlocked to close. If P3 does not drop to a reset value such as 1.33 MPa, the storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8 and the storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9 of all L group are interlocked to open. If P3 still does not reach the reset value, the storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8 and the storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9 of all M group are interlocked to open. If P3 still does not reach the reset value, the storage tank inlet shut-off valve 8 and the storage tank outlet shut-off valve 9 of all H group are interlocked to open, and the outlet regulating valve 7 is also interlocked to open.

[0110] If all tank pressures are ≥1.38 MPa, the controller sends a "hydrogen production flow limitation" signal to lock the hydrogen production system 1 to increase the load, i.e. to counteract the production plan of the hydrogen production system 1.

[0111] In the hydrogen release process, when P2≤ set protection value such as 0.2 MPa, the interlock closes the outlet regulating valve 7. If P2 does not rise to the reset value such as 0.25 MPa, the interlock opens all H group tank inlet shutoff valves 8 and tank outlet shutoff valves 9, if P2 still does not reach the reset value, the interlock opens all M group tank inlet shutoff valves 8 and tank outlet shutoff valves 9, if P2 still does not reach the reset value, the interlock opens all L group tank inlet shutoff valves 8 and tank outlet shutoff valves 9, and the interlock opens the inlet regulating valve 6.

[0112] If all tank pressures are ≤ 0.25 MPa, the controller sends a "hydrogen delivery flow rate limit" signal to lock out the hydrogen delivery compressor 3 from increasing load.

[0113] Self-adaptive control implementation of the hydrogen delivery process:

[0114] Flow target smoothing optimization: receive the original hydrogen delivery flow rate target value Target_raw issued by the upper layer scheduling optimization; obtain the future T-hour hydrogen production power scheduling plan and convert it into the predicted hydrogen production flow rate H2prod_forecast; obtain the constraint conditions, the lower limit of the downstream hydrogen demand is H2_demand_min, the upper limit is H2_demand_max, the maximum load variation rate is dH2dt_max, the expected minimum daily load variation frequency is N_chg_min, the current real-time hydrogen storage amount is Storage_level, the hydrogen production flow rate is H2prod_now, and the hydrogen delivery flow rate is H2deliv_now; the optimization goal is to make Target_smoothed as smooth as possible while meeting the constraint conditions, reducing frequent large fluctuations, and tracking Target_raw and maintaining Storage_level within a reasonable range.

[0115] Optimization algorithm, such as: rolling horizon optimization (MHPC) or rule + filtering algorithm can be used. In the optimization window, calculate the smooth trajectory that meets the rate constraint |d(Target_smoothed) / dt|≤dH2dt_max and the range constraint H2_demand_min≤Target_smoothed≤H2_demand_max, while minimizing the deviation from Target_raw and the expected deviation of Storage_level. Count the number of trajectory changes, if it exceeds N_chg_min, further smooth it. If all constraint conditions cannot be met no matter what (such as H2prod_forecast conflicts with H2_demand_min / max), generate a hydrogen production power plan correction suggestion in the opposite direction and feed it back to the scheduling.

[0116] Output the smoothed hydrogen delivery flow rate target value Target_smooth.

[0117] Handover:

[0118] Auto mode, H2 delivery setpoint SP = Target_smooth

[0119] Manual mode, SP = Operator_Setpoint

[0120] Smooth handover, at handover instant, setpoint SP keeps the instantaneous value before handover or performs a smooth transition to avoid step change. Auto to manual condition is communication with scheduling system interrupted for timeout or |SP - H2deliv_now| > deviation threshold and lasts for timeout.

[0121] Flow pressure adaptive regulation:

[0122] Flow control, if there is a hydrogen utilization regulating valve 16, it is the main control loop with SP(Target_smooth) as setpoint and H2deliv_now as feedback to perform PID regulation to control flow.

[0123] Pressure control, i.e. compressor side, setpoint P_out_SP is calculated based on downstream hydrogen utilization device inlet pressure requirement P_downstream_req and current flow H2deliv_now. For example: P_out_SP = P_downstream_req + K* H2deliv_now² (K is pipe resistance coefficient) or look-up table / model.

[0124] Actuator, speed / load stage of hydrogen delivery compressor 3, i.e. tertiary control. Control logic is that hydrogen delivery compressor 3 load is mainly regulated by pressure, and inlet regulating valve 6 and outlet regulating valve 7 of hydrogen storage module are auxiliary fine regulation or anti-surge. PID controller takes P_out_SP as setpoint and compressor outlet pressure as feedback to output control load stage and backflow valve opening degree command.

[0125] Coordination, flow control (controlled by hydrogen utilization regulating valve 16) and pressure control (controlled by hydrogen delivery compressor 3) are dynamically coupled through setpoint SP and P_out_SP and actual working conditions. Controller needs to ensure that the two actions are coordinated to avoid mutual interference. For example, when flow increases, P_out_SP needs to be increased accordingly, and the compressor needs to increase load in advance.

[0126] Compared with the traditional single tank or simple parallel multi-tank system, the fluctuation range of the tank main pipe 5 pressure P3 and the compressor inlet pressure P2 is significantly reduced by more than 30% when the hydrogen or methanol device load changes, and the system can quickly establish the required pressure or respond to demand changes. The pressure gradient strategy is particularly effective in energy saving during system initialization or large-scale charging and discharging. The hydrogen flow stability is improved, meeting the stringent requirements of the downstream methanol device for hydrogen supply stability. The multi-layer safety interlock effectively prevents overpressure and low pressure risks, improving the intrinsic safety level of the system.

[0127] The above describes the embodiments provided by the present application in detail. The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by applying specific examples. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system, comprising: Comprise; Control module; Hydrogen delivery module, connected with the control module, comprising hydrogen delivery pipe (17), hydrogen production device flow meter (13) and compression assembly, the input end of the hydrogen delivery pipe (17) is connected with upstream hydrogen production system (1), the output end of the hydrogen delivery pipe (17) is connected with the input end of compression assembly, the output end of compression assembly is connected with downstream hydrogen using system (2), hydrogen production device flow meter (13) is arranged on hydrogen delivery pipe (17), the input end of hydrogen delivery pipe (17) is provided with inlet pressure sensor (10), the output end of hydrogen delivery pipe (17) is provided with outlet pressure sensor (11); Hydrogen storage module, connected with the control module, comprising hydrogen input pipe (18), storage tank main pipe (5) and multiple hydrogen storage tanks (4), the input end of hydrogen input pipe (18) is connected with hydrogen delivery pipe (17), the output end of hydrogen input pipe (18) is connected with the input end of storage tank main pipe (5), hydrogen input pipe (18) is provided with inlet regulating valve (6), the output end of storage tank main pipe (5) is connected with hydrogen delivery pipe (17), multiple hydrogen storage tanks (4) are connected with storage tank main pipe (5) through storage tank sub-pipe, the storage tank sub-pipe is provided with shut-off valve, storage tank main pipe (5) is provided with outlet regulating valve (7) and hydrogen storage output pressure sensor (12), outlet regulating valve (7) is located downstream of the connection between hydrogen storage tank (4) and storage tank main pipe (5), hydrogen storage output pressure sensor (12) is arranged on the upstream of outlet regulating valve (7); Wherein, the compression assembly comprises hydrogen delivery compression main pipe (22), multiple parallelly arranged hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipes (19) and multiple hydrogen delivery compressors (3), the input end of multiple hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipes (19) is connected with the output end of hydrogen delivery pipe (17), the output end of multiple hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipes (19) is connected with the input end of hydrogen delivery compression main pipe (22), the output pipe of hydrogen delivery compression main pipe (22) is connected with hydrogen using system (2), hydrogen delivery compression main pipe (22) is provided with hydrogen using regulating valve (16), wherein, one hydrogen delivery compressor (3) is arranged on each hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe (19), the input end and the output end of hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe (19) are provided with gate valve (21), hydrogen delivery compression sub-pipe (19) is provided with compression pressure sensor (20), compression pressure sensor (20) is arranged on the downstream of hydrogen delivery compressor (3).

2. The multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system of claim 1, wherein, Hydrogen delivery pressure sensor (15) and hydrogen delivery flow meter (14) are arranged on hydrogen delivery compression main pipe (22), hydrogen delivery pressure sensor (15) is arranged on the upstream of hydrogen delivery flow meter (14), hydrogen using regulating valve (16) is located between hydrogen delivery pressure sensor (15) and hydrogen delivery flow meter (14).

3. The multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system of claim 1, wherein, The number of hydrogen delivery compressors (3) is 2, one of which is in normal use state, and the other is in standby state.

4. A control method of a multi-tank hydrogen storage and supply system, characterized by, The multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system of any one of claims 1-3 is controlled, comprising hydrogen storage adaptive control and hydrogen delivery process adaptive control, as follows: The adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release is as follows: a hydrogen flow fluctuation range is set according to real-time hydrogen demand of a downstream hydrogen system (2), a difference is calculated based on real-time hydrogen production and real-time hydrogen demand, and the difference is compared with the hydrogen flow fluctuation range to automatically switch among a hydrogen storage mode, a hydrogen release mode and a balance mode, wherein the automatic switching conditions are as follows: When the difference is greater than an upper limit dead zone of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, the hydrogen storage mode is switched to, at this time, the hydrogen production exceeds the lower limit of the hydrogen demand, and the excess hydrogen is stored through the hydrogen storage module; When the difference is less than a lower limit dead zone of the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, the hydrogen release mode is switched to, at this time, the hydrogen production cannot meet the lower limit of the hydrogen demand, the hydrogen storage module outputs hydrogen to supplement the insufficient hydrogen production; When the difference is within the hydrogen flow fluctuation range, the balance mode is switched to, and the opening degree of an adjusting valve in the hydrogen storage module is adjusted to realize dynamic hydrogen storage. The adaptive control of hydrogen delivery is as follows: a controller optimizes scheduling instructions and outputs a smooth hydrogen delivery flow target value by combining hydrogen production scheduling and hydrogen production planning and real-time states of a multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system; when a difference between hydrogen production of an upstream hydrogen production system (1), a sum of hydrogen storage in the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system and total hydrogen demand of the downstream hydrogen system (2) causes the multi-tank hydrogen storage and delivery system to be unable to be regulated and controlled, the hydrogen production scheduling of the hydrogen production system (1) is corrected in reverse.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: In the adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release, soft measurement dynamic calculation is performed, and the maximum hydrogen charging and discharging flow of the hydrogen storage module and the current hydrogen charging and discharging demand of the hydrogen storage module are calculated in real time according to pressures of the hydrogen storage tanks (4) in the hydrogen storage module, a pressure of a tank main pipe (5) and an adjusting valve opening degree.

6. The control method of claim 4, wherein, A safety interlocking mechanism is provided in the adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release, and the safety interlocking mechanism includes overpressure / low-pressure shutdown interlocking of the hydrogen storage tanks (4), overpressure / low-pressure protection interlocking of the tank main pipe (5), safety valve interlocking of the hydrogen storage tanks (4) and hydrogen production / hydrogen delivery load locking under a pressure limit of the whole system.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein, In the hydrogen storage module, the multiple hydrogen storage tanks (4) are divided into a low-pressure group, a medium-pressure group and a high-pressure group according to pressures in the hydrogen storage tanks (4), wherein the pressures in the hydrogen storage tanks (4) of the low-pressure group are 0.25-0.8 MPa, the pressures in the hydrogen storage tanks (4) of the medium-pressure group are 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the pressures in the hydrogen storage tanks (4) of the high-pressure group are 1.2-1.38 MPa.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: In the adaptive control of hydrogen storage and release, operations of the multiple hydrogen storage tanks (4) include same charging and discharging control, pressure gradient grading control and relay charging and discharging control; The same charging and discharging control is that a part of the hydrogen storage tanks (4) have always-opened shut-off valves and participate in buffer adjustment as main tanks, and the remaining hydrogen storage tanks (4) are used as high-pressure backups as backup tanks; in the hydrogen charging and storage process, the backup tanks are preferentially supplemented, and in the hydrogen release process, the backup tanks are put into use when the main tanks are in a low-pressure state; The pressure gradient grading control is that hydrogen charging is preferentially performed on the low-pressure group, and hydrogen is preferentially released from the high-pressure group. The relay charge-discharge control refers to, when the pressure difference of part of the hydrogen storage tanks (4) in two adjacent groups among the low-pressure group, the medium-pressure group and the high-pressure group is lower than the set group pressure difference value, the part of the hydrogen storage tanks (4) is taken as a relay group, and the shut-off valves of the hydrogen storage tanks (4) in the relay group are synchronously actuated to realize smooth transition.

9. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: The hydrogen delivery process adaptive control includes a hand-automatic seamless switching loop and a flow pressure adaptive regulation. The hand-automatic seamless switching loop is automatic tracking and optimization of the target and the hand-set target, and automatic control switching to manual control when communication failure or control deviation is out of limit. The flow pressure adaptive regulation is to track the target value by controlling the hydrogen delivery flow with the hydrogen regulating valve (16), to accurately control the outlet pressure of the hydrogen delivery pipe (17) by controlling the load of the hydrogen delivery compressor (3) and the opening degree of the inlet regulating valve (6) and the outlet regulating valve (7) in the hydrogen storage module, and to realize the coupled and coordinated control of the hydrogen regulating valve (16), the hydrogen delivery compressor (3), the inlet regulating valve (6) and the outlet regulating valve (7).

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