Self-cooled automobile lithium battery structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cooled automobile lithium battery structure, and relates to the technical field of automobile lithium batteries. The problem that an existing square lithium battery is not uniform enough in heat dissipation during use is solved. Comprising a shell, the shell is provided with a placing groove, a battery pack is fixedly connected in the placing groove, the shell is provided with cooling grooves distributed at intervals, the shell is fixedly connected with two communicating shells, all the cooling grooves are communicated with the two communicating shells, and the two communicating shells are communicated with a water inlet and a water outlet of a cooling circulation mechanism respectively. The widths of the different cooling grooves are sequentially reduced from the middle of the shell to the two sides of the shell. The battery pack is cooled through the cooling grooves distributed at intervals, and the widths of the cooling grooves distributed at intervals are sequentially reduced from the middle to the two sides of the shell, so that the cooling effect on the heat accumulation part in the middle of the battery pack is enhanced, the temperature of each part of the battery pack is more uniform, and the cooling efficiency of cooling water is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive lithium batteries, and in particular to a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure. Background Art

[0002] Lithium battery refers to a rechargeable battery with lithium as the key active ingredient. Its working principle relies on the reversible migration (intercalation and deintercalation) of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to store and release electrical energy. The core characteristics of lithium batteries include: high energy density, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, relatively high voltage, and rechargeability. Lithium batteries are classified by their appearance into: cylindrical batteries, square batteries, and soft-pack batteries. The most commonly used in electric vehicles is the square battery.

[0003] When lithium batteries are used as power sources for electric vehicles, they generate a large amount of heat due to rapid discharge. At this time, the lithium batteries need to be cooled. Otherwise, there is a risk of thermal runaway of the lithium batteries, causing them to catch fire or even explode. Since all parts of the square lithium battery release heat, the closer to the center the position will be, the higher the temperature will be due to heat accumulation than the edge position. Therefore, the middle part of the square lithium battery requires a stronger heat dissipation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure.

[0005] The technical solution is: a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, including a shell, the shell is provided with a placement groove, the battery pack is fixedly connected in the placement groove, the shell is provided with cooling grooves distributed at intervals, the shell is fixedly connected to two connecting shells, all the cooling grooves are connected to the two connecting shells, the two connecting shells are respectively connected to the water inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation mechanism, and the width of the different cooling grooves decreases from the middle of the shell to the two sides.

[0006] As a further preferred solution, the housing is provided with a mounting groove, in which swing plates distributed at intervals are rotatably connected, and all the swing plates are fixedly connected to a stab-proof plate.

[0007] As a further preferred solution, the swing plate is slidingly connected to a limiting column, a spring is provided between the limiting column and the adjacent swing plate, the shell is provided with spaced grooves, the number of grooves on the shell is consistent with the number of the limiting columns, and the limiting columns are inserted into adjacent grooves to limit the adjacent swing plates.

[0008] As a further preferred solution, the shell is rotatably connected to a guide plate, the shell is fixedly connected to an electric push rod, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is rotatably and slidably connected to the guide plate.

[0009] As a further preferred solution, the housing is fixed with heat dissipation plates distributed at intervals, and the heat dissipation plates are located in the mounting grooves.

[0010] As a further preferred solution, the heat dissipation plates located between two adjacent swing plates are fixedly connected to a connecting plate.

[0011] As a further preferred solution, a side of the stab-proof plate away from the housing is coated with a friction material.

[0012] As a further preferred solution, the guide plate is in an inclined state, so as to guide the wind flow generated during the driving of the vehicle.

[0013] As a further preferred solution, the swing plates are divided into several groups, each group of the swing plates has two swing plates, the number of groups of the swing plates is equal to the number of the cooling slots, and the interval between the two swing plates in different groups decreases successively from the middle to both sides of the shell.

[0014] As a further preferred solution, the heat dissipation plate and the connecting plate are both made of heat-conducting materials, and the swing plate is made of a hard material.

[0015] The beneficial effect is that the present invention dissipates heat from the battery pack through the spaced cooling grooves, and the width of the spaced cooling grooves decreases from the middle to the two sides of the shell, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect at the heat accumulation point in the middle of the battery pack, making the temperature of each part of the battery pack more uniform, and improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling water.

[0016] The anti-puncture plate blocks the impact object, thereby reducing the probability of the battery pack being hit. Before the anti-puncture plate is damaged, the two adjacent swing plates are rotated and clamped to increase the resistance to the impact object, further reducing the probability of the battery pack being hit, thereby protecting the battery pack.

[0017] When the cooling water is not effective enough to dissipate heat from the battery pack, the guide plate is opened to utilize the wind flow generated by the movement of the vehicle to dissipate heat from the battery pack, thereby reducing the probability of overheating of the battery pack and protecting the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the placement tank and the cooling tank of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide plate and the electric push rod of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the housing, guide plate and electric push rod of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing plate and the anti-stab plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat dissipation plate and the connecting plate of the present invention.

[0019] Among them: 1-shell, 101-placement slot, 102-cooling slot, 103-installation slot, 2-battery pack, 3-connecting shell, 4-swing plate, 5-anti-puncture plate, 6-limiting column, 7-guide plate, 8-electric push rod, 9-heat dissipation plate, 10-connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] This embodiment discloses a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, which is used to achieve uniform heat dissipation of square lithium batteries.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a shell 1, which is installed at the bottom of the body of the electric vehicle. The shell 1 is provided with a placement groove 101, and a battery pack 2 is fixedly connected in the placement groove 101. The shell 1 is provided with five cooling grooves 102 distributed at equal intervals. The longitudinal section of the cooling groove 102 is a trapezoid. The bottom side of the trapezoid close to the battery pack 2 is longer than the bottom side away from the battery pack 2, thereby increasing the contact area between the cooling water and the heat source, reducing the thermal resistance, and thus more effectively absorbing and taking away heat. The shell 1 is fixed with two connecting shells 3, and all the cooling grooves 102 are connected to the two connecting shells 3. The two connecting shells 3 are respectively connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling circulation mechanism. The cooling circulation mechanism is an existing device for cooling the cooling water and circulating it in the flow channel. It will not be elaborated here. The width of the five cooling grooves 102 decreases from the middle of the shell 1 to the two sides, thereby providing a larger flow rate for the high-temperature part of the battery pack 2 to meet the need for uniform heat dissipation of the battery pack 2.

[0024] When using this device, first install it on the bottom of the vehicle. When the battery pack 2 generates too much heat and needs to be cooled, start the cooling circulation device, and the cooling water flows from the cooling circulation device to the connecting shell 3 on the left, and then flows from the left to the right of the five cooling grooves 102. During this process, the cooling water exchanges heat with the battery pack 2 through the shell 1, and takes away the heat generated by the battery pack 2. The cooling water after heat exchange and heating enters the cooling circulation device again through the connecting shell 3 on the right. During this process, the flow of cooling water entering the cooling groove 102 decreases from the middle to both sides, thereby providing a larger flow for the high-temperature part to meet the need for uniform heat dissipation of the battery pack 2.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure disclosed in this embodiment, based on the first embodiment, further has the function of preventing collision and puncture during vehicle driving.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the lower side of the housing 1 is provided with a mounting slot 103, into which spaced swing plates 4 are rotatably connected. The swing plates 4 are used to provide vertical compressive strength for the housing 1. All swing plates 4 are fixedly connected to a stab-proof plate 5. The stab-proof plate 5 is made of an elastic material. When the stab-proof plate 5 deforms, it pulls two adjacent swing plates 4 to rotate, causing the two adjacent swing plates 4 to clamp the impactor, thereby increasing the resistance to the impactor and reducing the probability of damage to the battery pack 2. The underside of the stab-proof plate 5 is coated with a friction material. When the swing plates 4 clamp the impactor, the stab-proof plate 5 is sandwiched between the two. By increasing the friction between the stab-proof plate 5 and the impactor, the probability of successfully blocking the impactor is further improved.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the upper side of the swing plate 4 is slidably connected to the limiting column 6, which consists of a cylinder and a hemisphere. A spring is arranged between the limiting column 6 and the adjacent swing plate 4. The spring is always in a compressed state, thereby providing resistance to the swing plate 4 and providing the swing plate 4 with a clamping force on the impact object after the swing plate 4 rotates. The shell 1 is provided with spaced grooves, and the depth of the groove is less than the radius of the hemisphere of the limiting column 6, so that the limiting column 6 can slide out of the groove after being pushed. The number of grooves on the shell 1 is consistent with the number of limiting columns 6. The limiting columns 6 are inserted into adjacent grooves to limit the adjacent swing plates 4.

[0029] When the vehicle is driving, if the wheel presses against objects such as stones or screws, they will fly up, and the bottom of the vehicle will be hit. If the impactor just hits the part of the anti-stab plate 5 facing the swing plate 4 vertically, the swing plate 4 will not rotate because the impact force acts vertically on the swing plate 4. The swing plate 4 will evenly apply the impact force to the shell 1, thereby improving the impact resistance of the shell 1 and protecting the battery pack 2. When the impactor hits the position of the anti-stab plate 5 between two adjacent swing plates 4, the anti-stab plate 5 will deform and gradually buffer the impact force. When the impact force is small, the impactor will gradually stop moving under the obstruction of the anti-stab plate 5 and fall. The stab-proof plate 5 then returns to its original shape under the action of its own elasticity. When the impact force is large, as the deformation of the stab-proof plate 5 gradually increases, the deformed part of the stab-proof plate 5 pulls the swing plates 4 on both sides to rotate, and the swing plates 4 drive the adjacent limiting posts 6 to rotate. The limiting posts 6 are squeezed by the adjacent grooves on the shell 1, and the limiting posts 6 move toward the adjacent swing plates 4 and compress the adjacent springs. When the limiting posts 6 are separated from the adjacent grooves on the shell 1, the limiting posts 6 move toward the outside of the swing plates 4 under the push of the adjacent springs, so that the swing plates 4 continue to rotate until the two adjacent swing plates 4 clamp the impactor, thereby reducing the probability of the impactor moving further toward the inside of the shell 1, so as to protect the battery pack 2.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] This embodiment discloses a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, which is further improved on the basis of Example 2.

[0032] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the right side of the housing 1 is rotatably connected to a guide plate 7. When the housing 1 is installed on the electric vehicle, the right side of the housing 1 is close to the front of the vehicle. The housing 1 is fixedly connected to an electric push rod 8, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 8 is rotatably and slidably connected to the guide plate 7. The guide plate 7 is in an inclined state and is used to guide the wind generated during the vehicle's travel, thereby reducing the wind resistance during the vehicle's travel.

[0033] When the heat generated by the battery pack 2 increases during rapid movement of the vehicle, the electric push rod 8 starts and drives the guide plate 7 to rotate through the telescopic end, so that the wind flow generated when the vehicle moves enters the installation groove 103, thereby utilizing the wind flow generated when the vehicle moves to take away the heat of the shell 1, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack 2. When the heat generated by the battery pack 2 decreases, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 8 shortens and drives the guide plate 7 to return to its original position, thereby utilizing the inclined guide plate 7 to guide the wind flow to achieve the effect of reducing wind resistance.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] This embodiment discloses a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, which, based on the third embodiment, is endowed with a further heat dissipation function.

[0036] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the housing 1 is fixed with heat dissipation plates 9 distributed at intervals. The heat dissipation plates 9 are located in the mounting grooves 103 . The heat dissipation plates 9 are used to increase the contact area between the housing 1 and the air, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the housing 1 .

[0037] Example 5

[0038] This embodiment discloses a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, which improves the impact resistance of the heat sink 9 on the basis of the fourth embodiment.

[0039] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the heat sink 9 located between two adjacent swing plates 4 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 10. When an impactor pierces the anti-puncture plate 5 and enters the mounting groove 103, the heat sink 9 can still serve as a protection. The heat sink 9 between the two adjacent swing plates 4 is connected together by the connecting plate 10, so that the impact force of the impactor is evenly distributed to all the heat sinks 9 between the two adjacent swing plates 4, thereby improving the impact resistance of the heat sink 9.

[0040] Example 6

[0041] This embodiment discloses a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure. Based on the second embodiment, the swing plate 4 transmits the impact force to the high-strength portion of the shell 1 to ensure the integrity of the shell 1.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the swing plates 4 are divided into five groups, each group of swing plates 4 has two swing plates 4, the number of groups of swing plates 4 is equal to the number of cooling grooves 102, and the interval between two swing plates 4 in different groups decreases from the middle to both sides of the shell 1, that is, every two swing plates 4 correspond to one cooling groove 102, and the two swing plates 4 are respectively located on both sides of adjacent cooling grooves 102, so that when the swing plates 4 are hit, the impact force will not act on the weak point of the shell 1.

[0043] Example 7

[0044] This embodiment discloses a self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, which further limits the materials of the swing plate 4, the heat dissipation plate 9 and the connecting plate 10 on the basis of the fifth embodiment.

[0045] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the heat sink 9 and the connecting plate 10 are both made of heat-conducting materials, such as copper, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 9 and the connecting plate 10 , and the swing plate 4 is made of hard material, such as steel, thereby improving the impact resistance of the swing plate 4 .

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein the shell (1) is provided with a placement groove (101), a battery pack (2) is fixedly connected in the placement groove (101), the shell (1) is provided with cooling grooves (102) distributed at intervals, the shell (1) is fixedly connected with two connecting shells (3), all the cooling grooves (102) are connected with the two connecting shells (3), and the two connecting shells (3) are respectively connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling circulation mechanism, and the width of the different cooling grooves (102) decreases from the middle of the shell (1) to both sides.

2. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a mounting groove (103), and spaced swing plates (4) are rotatably connected in the mounting groove (103), and all the swing plates (4) are fixedly connected to a stab-proof plate (5).

3. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing plate (4) is slidably connected to a limiting column (6), a spring is provided between the limiting column (6) and the adjacent swing plate (4), the housing (1) is provided with grooves distributed at intervals, the number of the grooves on the housing (1) is consistent with the number of the limiting columns (6), and the limiting columns (6) are inserted into adjacent grooves to limit the adjacent swing plates (4).

4. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) is rotatably connected to a guide plate (7), and the housing (1) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (8), and the telescopic end of the electric push rod (8) is rotatably and slidably connected to the guide plate (7).

5. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing (1) is fixedly connected with heat dissipation plates (9) distributed at intervals, and the heat dissipation plates (9) are located in the installation grooves (103).

6. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation plates (9) located between two adjacent swing plates (4) are fixedly connected to a connecting plate (10).

7. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the anti-stab plate (5) away from the housing (1) is coated with friction material.

8. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide plate (7) is in an inclined state and is used to guide the wind flow generated during the vehicle's travel.

9. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing plates (4) are divided into several groups, each group of the swing plates (4) having two swing plates (4). The number of groups of the swing plates (4) is equal to the number of the cooling slots (102), and the interval between the two swing plates (4) in different groups decreases from the middle to both sides of the shell (1).

10. The self-cooling automotive lithium battery structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation plate (9) and the connecting plate (10) are both made of heat-conducting materials, and the swing plate (4) is made of a hard material.

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