Adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive methods, systems, and media for multiple power supplies

Abstract

This invention provides an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method, system, and medium for multiple power supplies. First, based on periodic voltage sampling, the power supply mode is automatically identified, and the corresponding target current and base gain are matched. Second, closed-loop PID control is used to adjust the constant current diode drive signal in real time to ensure the stability of the optocoupler current over a wide voltage range. Finally, based on the pulse frequency, the operating mode is intelligently switched, including normal mode, fast mode, and oversampling mode, and the gain coefficient is dynamically adjusted to compensate for high-frequency attenuation. This invention solves the problems of large current fluctuations and poor high-frequency response through dynamic adjustment algorithms, is compatible with wide voltage input, and simultaneously meets the requirements for distortion-free transmission of high-speed pulse signals. It also features strong anti-interference capabilities and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of signal isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of isolation optocouplers, and more specifically, to an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method, system, and medium for multiple power supplies. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as industrial automation, power electronics, and medical equipment, electrical isolation transmission of high-speed digital signals is a key technology for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of systems. Traditional optocoupler isolation schemes typically use current-limiting resistors or transistors to control the optocoupler drive current, but these have significant drawbacks when dealing with multiple power supply voltages or high-frequency pulse signals. High-power current-limiting resistor schemes cannot simultaneously accommodate multiple input voltage amplitudes, leading to optocoupler current fluctuations under different input voltages, affecting signal transmission stability, and are only suitable for low-speed optocouplers. While transistor control schemes can stabilize the current, they are complex, bulky, and costly, making them unsuitable for compact drivers. Furthermore, existing technologies lack effective compensation for high-frequency signal attenuation, resulting in pulse waveform distortion, severely restricting the reliability of high-speed data transmission. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive isolation drive technology for high-speed pulses that can adapt to multiple power supplies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method, system and medium for multiple power supplies. By dynamically identifying the input voltage and combining it with closed-loop PID control constant current driving, the optocoupler current is ensured to be stable across the entire voltage range. The gain mode is intelligently switched according to the signal frequency to effectively compensate for high-frequency attenuation. This invention is compatible with wide voltage input and meets the requirements for distortion-free transmission of high-speed pulse signals. It has strong anti-interference capabilities and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of signal isolation.

[0004] The first aspect of this invention provides an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies, the method comprising:

[0005] Based on the first sampling period, the first voltage information is measured and acquired;

[0006] Based on the first voltage information, the power supply mode is determined, and the target current information and the first gain information are obtained;

[0007] Obtain the first current information;

[0008] The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information;

[0009] Adjust the constant current drive control signal according to the first bias adjustment amount;

[0010] Obtain the first frequency information;

[0011] Determine whether the first frequency information is greater than a preset first frequency threshold;

[0012] If not, then enter normal mode;

[0013] If so, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than the preset second frequency threshold;

[0014] If not, then enter fast mode;

[0015] If so, then enter oversampling mode;

[0016] Adjust the first gain information according to the frequency pattern.

[0017] In this scheme, the measurement to obtain the first voltage information specifically includes:

[0018] The voltages of the first and second input pins of the high-speed optocoupler are sampled by the differential sampling circuit to obtain the second and third voltage information.

[0019] Based on a preset smoothing window, the second voltage information and the third voltage information are subjected to a moving average process to calculate the mean and stability coefficient.

[0020] If the stability coefficient is greater than the preset stability threshold, the first voltage information is obtained based on the difference between the average value of the second voltage information and the average value of the third voltage information.

[0021] In this scheme, obtaining the first bias adjustment amount based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information specifically involves:

[0022] The deviation between the first current information and the target current information is calculated to obtain the first current deviation;

[0023] Based on the preset adjustment period, the integral value of the current deviation and the derivative value of the current deviation are obtained according to the first current deviation.

[0024] Based on a preset PID control algorithm, the first bias adjustment amount is obtained according to the first current deviation, the integral value of the current deviation, and the derivative value of the current deviation.

[0025] In this scheme, after obtaining the first bias adjustment amount, the method further includes:

[0026] Obtain the first temperature information;

[0027] Determine whether the first temperature information exceeds a preset first temperature threshold;

[0028] If so, then based on the preset temperature compensation mapping curve, the first temperature compensation coefficient is obtained according to the first temperature information;

[0029] Adjust the first bias adjustment amount according to the first temperature compensation coefficient.

[0030] In this solution, entering fast mode specifically includes:

[0031] Adjust the first gain information to a preset first reference gain;

[0032] Lower the hysteresis voltage of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference voltage;

[0033] Increase the comparator bias current of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference current;

[0034] Disconnect the filter capacitor network from the input pin of the high-speed optocoupler.

[0035] In this solution, entering the oversampling mode specifically includes:

[0036] Adjust the first gain information to a preset second reference gain;

[0037] Based on the first frequency information, the first sampling period is adjusted according to a preset sampling multiple;

[0038] Based on the preset FIR filter and mean extraction algorithm, the sampled waveform is reconstructed;

[0039] Based on the reconstructed sampling waveform, the signal-to-noise ratio information is obtained;

[0040] The extraction coefficients of the mean extraction algorithm are adjusted based on the signal-to-noise ratio information.

[0041] A second aspect of the present invention provides an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive system for multiple power supplies, including an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive method program for multiple power supplies, wherein the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive method program for multiple power supplies, when executed by the processor, performs the following steps:

[0042] Based on the first sampling period, the first voltage information is measured and acquired;

[0043] Based on the first voltage information, the power supply mode is determined, and the target current information and the first gain information are obtained;

[0044] Obtain the first current information;

[0045] The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information;

[0046] Adjust the constant current drive control signal according to the first bias adjustment amount;

[0047] Obtain the first frequency information;

[0048] Determine whether the first frequency information is greater than a preset first frequency threshold;

[0049] If not, then enter normal mode;

[0050] If so, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than the preset second frequency threshold;

[0051] If not, then enter fast mode;

[0052] If so, then enter oversampling mode;

[0053] Adjust the first gain information according to the frequency pattern.

[0054] In this scheme, the measurement to obtain the first voltage information specifically includes:

[0055] The voltages of the first and second input pins of the high-speed optocoupler are sampled by the differential sampling circuit to obtain the second and third voltage information.

[0056] Based on a preset smoothing window, the second voltage information and the third voltage information are subjected to a moving average process to calculate the mean and stability coefficient.

[0057] If the stability coefficient is greater than the preset stability threshold, the first voltage information is obtained based on the difference between the average value of the second voltage information and the average value of the third voltage information.

[0058] In this scheme, obtaining the first bias adjustment amount based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information specifically involves:

[0059] The deviation between the first current information and the target current information is calculated to obtain the first current deviation;

[0060] Based on the preset adjustment period, the integral value of the current deviation and the derivative value of the current deviation are obtained according to the first current deviation.

[0061] Based on a preset PID control algorithm, the first bias adjustment amount is obtained according to the first current deviation, the integral value of the current deviation, and the derivative value of the current deviation.

[0062] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method program for multiple power supplies, wherein when the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method program for multiple power supplies is executed by a processor, the program implements the steps of the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0063] This invention provides an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method, system, and medium for multiple power supplies. First, based on periodic voltage sampling, the power supply mode is automatically identified, and the corresponding target current and base gain are matched. Second, closed-loop PID control is used to adjust the constant current diode drive signal in real time to ensure the stability of the optocoupler current over a wide voltage range. Finally, based on the pulse frequency, the operating mode is intelligently switched, including normal mode, fast mode, and oversampling mode, and the gain coefficient is dynamically adjusted to compensate for high-frequency attenuation. This invention solves the problems of large current fluctuations and poor high-frequency response through dynamic adjustment algorithms, is compatible with wide voltage input, and simultaneously meets the requirements for distortion-free transmission of high-speed pulse signals. It also features strong anti-interference capabilities and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of signal isolation. Attached Figure Description

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0065] Figure 1 A flowchart of an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies according to the present invention is shown;

[0066] Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart for obtaining first voltage information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 3 This invention provides a flowchart of obtaining a first bias adjustment amount according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0068] Figure 4 A block diagram of an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive system for multiple power supplies according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in embodiments of this invention shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in a common dictionary shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and not as being interpreted in an idealized or highly formalized sense, unless expressly defined in this embodiment of the invention.

[0071] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in the embodiments of this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "an," "a," or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Similarly, terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The steps preceding or following the steps in the method of the embodiments of this invention are not necessarily performed precisely in sequence. Instead, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations can be added to these processes, or one or more steps can be removed from these processes.

[0072] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0073] Figure 1 A flowchart of an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies according to the present invention is shown.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention discloses an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies, the method comprising:

[0075] S102, based on the first sampling period, measure and acquire the first voltage information;

[0076] S104, Based on the first voltage information, determine the power supply mode and obtain the target current information and the first gain information;

[0077] S106, Obtain the first current information;

[0078] S108, based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information, a first bias adjustment amount is obtained;

[0079] S110, adjust the constant current drive control signal according to the first bias adjustment amount;

[0080] S112, Obtain first frequency information;

[0081] S114, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than a preset first frequency threshold;

[0082] S116, if not, then enter normal mode;

[0083] S118, if so, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than the preset second frequency threshold;

[0084] S120, if not, enter fast mode;

[0085] S122, if so, then enter oversampling mode;

[0086] S124, adjust the first gain information according to the frequency mode.

[0087] It should be noted that the first voltage information is the voltage value of the input power supply; the first frequency information is the frequency of the input power supply; the first current information is the drive current of the high-speed optocoupler; the first gain information is the comparator gain of the high-speed optocoupler; and the constant current drive control signal is the duty cycle of the PWM signal that controls the constant current output.

[0088] In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition module is activated with a preset rated sampling period. A high-precision ADC circuit acquires the differential voltage value between the first input pin (PUL+) and the second input pin (PUL-) of the high-speed optocoupler as the first voltage information. The power supply operating state is automatically selected based on a preset threshold, and the corresponding target current value and base gain coefficient of 1.0 are output. As one implementation, if the first voltage information is within the range of 4.5V-6V, it is determined to be in 5V mode, and the target current value is set to 10mA; if the first voltage information is within the range of 10V-14V, it is determined to be in 12V mode, and the target current value is set to 12mA; if the first voltage information is within the range of 20V-28V, it is determined to be in 24V mode, and the target current value is set to 15mA. Then, a monitoring circuit using a series current sensing resistor and an instrumentation amplifier continuously captures the actual current on the primary side of the optocoupler and calculates its deviation from the target current. The current deviation is input to a digital PID controller to generate a pulse width modulation signal, dynamically adjusting the conduction angle of the constant current diode to achieve a constant optocoupler drive current. The synchronously started edge detection module captures the pulse rising edge interval through a timer. As one implementation, when the frequency is less than 100kHz, it maintains the basic gain in normal mode; when the frequency is in the 100kHz-500kHz range, it switches to fast mode, boosting the first gain information to 1.5 times and activating the high-speed response circuit; when the frequency is greater than 500kHz, it enables oversampling mode, boosting the first gain information to 2.0 times and activating anti-aliasing filtering. Finally, the programmable gain amplifier adjusts the output signal amplitude according to the mode command, completing the full-process closed-loop control. This embodiment automatically identifies the voltage amplitude and matches the optimal operating parameters to ensure constant optocoupler current across the entire voltage range, eliminating optocoupler drive current fluctuations in traditional resistor-based solutions; furthermore, it optimizes signal gain for different frequency bands to solve the high-speed pulse attenuation problem.

[0089] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention for obtaining first voltage information is shown.

[0090] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the measurement to obtain the first voltage information specifically involves:

[0091] S202 uses a differential sampling circuit to sample the voltages of the first and second input pins of the high-speed optocoupler to obtain the second and third voltage information.

[0092] S204, Based on a preset smoothing window, perform a moving average process on the second voltage information and the third voltage information to calculate the mean and stability coefficient;

[0093] S206, if the stability coefficient is greater than the preset stability threshold, then the first voltage information is obtained based on the difference between the average value of the second voltage information and the average value of the third voltage information.

[0094] It should be noted that the second voltage information is the voltage of the PUL+ pin of the high-speed optocoupler; the third voltage information is the voltage of the PUL- pin of the high-speed optocoupler. This embodiment provides a process for differentially measuring the input power supply voltage value. In this embodiment, a dual-channel synchronous ADC is used to alternately acquire the voltage to ground of the high-speed optocoupler input pins PUL+ and PUL-. As one implementation method, after continuously acquiring 10 sets of sampled values, a sliding window averaging algorithm is executed. The data within the window is sorted according to the time series, and after removing at least one maximum value and at least one minimum value, the arithmetic mean is taken; at the same time, the fluctuation coefficient is calculated, that is, the ratio of the range to the mean within the calculation window. When the fluctuation coefficient is <5%, the voltage is determined to be stable, and the mean of channel A is subtracted from the mean of channel B as the effective differential voltage, thereby obtaining the first voltage information. If the voltage is determined to be unstable, the voltage fluctuation abnormality is recorded; when the fluctuation coefficient exceeds the standard for 3 consecutive times, the mode switching is paused and the calibration procedure is triggered. This embodiment uses a sliding average to suppress transient noise interference; through fluctuation coefficient verification, mode misjudgment caused by voltage jitter is avoided.

[0095] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating how to obtain a first bias adjustment amount is shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the step of obtaining the first bias adjustment amount based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information specifically involves:

[0097] S302, calculate the deviation between the first current information and the target current information to obtain the first current deviation;

[0098] S304, based on a preset adjustment period, obtain the integral value of the current deviation and the differential value of the current deviation according to the first current deviation;

[0099] S306, based on a preset PID control algorithm, obtains a first bias adjustment amount according to the first current deviation, the integral value of the current deviation, and the derivative value of the current deviation.

[0100] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a process for dynamically calculating the first bias adjustment. As one implementation, based on the adjustment cycle of the high-speed optocoupler drive current, the voltage drop of the high-precision current sensing resistor in the primary circuit of the optocoupler is first read, and after zero-drift calibration, it is converted into the actual current value, recorded as the first current information. Next, the instantaneous deviation between this value and the target current is calculated and stored in a FIFO queue; the integrator accumulates the most recent 20 deviation values ​​in the queue, and the differentiator calculates the rate of change between the current deviation and the previous deviation. Then, the PID synthesizer calculates the adjustment amount according to preset weighting coefficients, recorded as the first bias adjustment. Finally, this value is converted into a PWM signal after amplitude limiting, driving the MOSFET gate at the constant current diode control terminal. This embodiment uses a PID control algorithm to dynamically calculate the bias adjustment, eliminating the optocoupler drive current fluctuations of the traditional resistor scheme. The proportional term achieves millisecond-level current stabilization, the integral term compensates for long-term offset, and the derivative term smooths sudden load changes.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the first bias adjustment amount, the method further includes:

[0102] Obtain the first temperature information;

[0103] Determine whether the first temperature information exceeds a preset first temperature threshold;

[0104] If so, then based on the preset temperature compensation mapping curve, the first temperature compensation coefficient is obtained according to the first temperature information;

[0105] Adjust the first bias adjustment amount according to the first temperature compensation coefficient.

[0106] It should be noted that the first temperature information is the temperature value of the high-speed optocoupler circuit. This embodiment provides a high-temperature compensation mechanism. The first temperature information integrates at least three monitoring points. As one implementation method, a thermistor is mounted on the constant current diode heat sink substrate, a digital temperature sensor is deployed on the optocoupler package surface, and infrared monitoring units are set at key nodes of the PCB traces. Temperature data is polled based on a preset temperature compensation cycle, and the compensation process is triggered when any monitoring point exceeds 70°C. By querying a pre-stored temperature-current decay curve, the current decrease caused by temperature is compensated by adjusting the first bias adjustment amount. Furthermore, a gradual recovery mechanism is adopted when the temperature drops, restoring 0.5% of the current compensation amount for every 2°C decrease to avoid parameter abrupt changes; all temperature compensation operations are recorded in an event log for analysis. This embodiment uses multiple temperature monitoring points to protect key components and ensure the stability of the optocoupler drive current.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present invention, entering the fast mode specifically includes:

[0108] Adjust the first gain information to a preset first reference gain;

[0109] Lower the hysteresis voltage of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference voltage;

[0110] Increase the comparator bias current of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference current;

[0111] Disconnect the filter capacitor network from the input pin of the high-speed optocoupler.

[0112] It should be noted that this embodiment provides the driving logic for fast mode. As one implementation, upon entering fast mode, the system performs a four-step hardware reconfiguration. First, the signal path gain is increased to 1.5 times, achieved by rewriting the programmable amplifier register. Second, an instruction is written to the optocoupler control register to reduce the internal comparator hysteresis voltage from 50mV to 10mV to reduce switching delay. Then, the comparator bias current in the high-speed optocoupler is increased to 5mA to accelerate the transistor switching process. Finally, the filter capacitor connected in parallel at the input is disconnected via a MOSFET switch to eliminate the effect of capacitive load on the edge signal. This embodiment reduces the circuit's impact on mid-frequency signals through four hardware configurations.

[0113] According to an embodiment of the present invention, entering the oversampling mode specifically includes:

[0114] Adjust the first gain information to a preset second reference gain;

[0115] Based on the first frequency information, the first sampling period is adjusted according to a preset sampling multiple;

[0116] Based on the preset FIR filter and mean extraction algorithm, the sampled waveform is reconstructed;

[0117] Based on the reconstructed sampling waveform, the signal-to-noise ratio information is obtained;

[0118] The extraction coefficients of the mean extraction algorithm are adjusted based on the signal-to-noise ratio information.

[0119] It should be noted that this embodiment provides the driving logic for the oversampling mode. As one implementation, in oversampling mode, the system first increases the base gain to 2.0 times. Secondly, the sampling period is dynamically adjusted, calculated in real-time based on the detection frequency. For example, for a 500kHz signal, the ADC captures data at a 4x oversampling rate, i.e., sampling at 2MHz. The raw data output by the ADC is input to a 31st-order Hanning window FIR filter to suppress out-of-band noise. After filtering, the data undergoes a 3:1 decimation, i.e., the arithmetic mean of every two adjacent points is taken to generate a new sequence. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the output signal is calculated in real-time. If the SNR is below 40dB, the decimation ratio is dynamically increased to 2:1; if the SNR is above 60dB, the decimation ratio is restored to 3:1 or reduced to 4:1. This embodiment uses oversampling and FIR filtering to suppress high-frequency noise and optimizes signal reconstruction quality based on SNR feedback, improving the reliability of high-frequency signals.

[0120] It is worth mentioning that it also includes:

[0121] Determine whether the second voltage information is lower than the third voltage information;

[0122] If so, the reverse voltage protection is triggered, and the recovery diode is turned on;

[0123] The voltage change rate is calculated based on the second voltage information or the third voltage information;

[0124] If the voltage change rate exceeds a preset change rate threshold;

[0125] This triggers surge protection, activating the TVS diode and constant current diode to form a voltage clamping combination.

[0126] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an input power supply protection mechanism. In this embodiment, the protection mechanism performs dual-channel monitoring in parallel. By continuously comparing the PUL+ and PUL- voltages, when PUL- is continuously higher than PUL+ for 100μs, the hardware reverse connection protection circuit is triggered, forming a low-impedance bypass channel through the instantaneous conduction of the parallel fast recovery diode. By continuously calculating the voltage change rate, when a sudden change exceeding the safety threshold is detected, the TVS clamping circuit is activated to absorb surge energy, and an interrupt signal is sent to the background. The background records the event type and timestamp, generating a structured fault log, including but not limited to voltage extreme values, duration, and number of protection actions. This embodiment adopts differentiated processing strategies for reverse connection and surge, improving the stability of the high-speed optocoupler isolation drive circuit during operation.

[0127] It is worth mentioning that it also includes:

[0128] When a power mode switch is detected, the target current information is adjusted based on a preset current ramp transition algorithm.

[0129] When the first frequency information step exceeds the preset third frequency threshold, the first gain information is adjusted based on the preset third reference gain.

[0130] When the first temperature information exceeds the preset second temperature threshold, the differential coefficient of the PID algorithm is increased based on the preset temperature coefficient mapping table.

[0131] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an adaptive optimization mechanism. As one implementation method, the adaptive optimization mechanism includes triple dynamic optimization. When the power mode switches, for example, from 24V to 5V, a current ramp transition is initiated, linearly decreasing the target current from 15mA to 10mA in steps of 1mA / 0.1ms within 0.5ms to avoid sudden changes in optocoupler current. Real-time monitoring detects changes in adjacent pulse cycles; if a sudden change is identified, such as a frequency change exceeding 30%, a temporary 1.2x transition gain is activated, maintained for several cycles, and then switched to the target mode gain. When the temperature exceeds 80℃, the temperature coefficient mapping table is invoked to increase the PID differential coefficient to enhance system damping. All adjusted parameters are monitored through a watchdog mechanism; if the system is not stable within 10ms under the new parameters, it rolls back to the safe configuration and triggers an optimization failure alarm. The current ramp dynamic optimization mechanism provided in this embodiment eliminates the risk of sudden current changes when the optocoupler is turned on; the transition gain optimization mechanism prevents signal overshoot during frequency jumps; and the temperature-dynamic PID parameter adjustment mechanism maintains control stability.

[0132] Figure 4 A block diagram of an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive system for multiple power supplies according to the present invention is shown.

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention discloses an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive system 4 for multiple power supplies, including a memory 41 and a processor 42. The memory includes a program for an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive method for multiple power supplies. When the processor executes the program for the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive method for multiple power supplies, it performs the following steps:

[0134] Based on the first sampling period, the first voltage information is measured and acquired;

[0135] Based on the first voltage information, the power supply mode is determined, and the target current information and the first gain information are obtained;

[0136] Obtain the first current information;

[0137] The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information;

[0138] Adjust the constant current drive control signal according to the first bias adjustment amount;

[0139] Obtain the first frequency information;

[0140] Determine whether the first frequency information is greater than a preset first frequency threshold;

[0141] If not, then enter normal mode;

[0142] If so, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than the preset second frequency threshold;

[0143] If not, then enter fast mode;

[0144] If so, then enter oversampling mode;

[0145] Adjust the first gain information according to the frequency pattern.

[0146] It should be noted that the first voltage information is the voltage value of the input power supply; the first frequency information is the frequency of the input power supply; the first current information is the drive current of the high-speed optocoupler; the first gain information is the comparator gain of the high-speed optocoupler; and the constant current drive control signal is the duty cycle of the PWM signal that controls the constant current output.

[0147] In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition module is activated with a preset rated sampling period. A high-precision ADC circuit acquires the differential voltage value between the first input pin (PUL+) and the second input pin (PUL-) of the high-speed optocoupler as the first voltage information. The power supply operating state is automatically selected based on a preset threshold, and the corresponding target current value and base gain coefficient of 1.0 are output. As one implementation, if the first voltage information is within the range of 4.5V-6V, it is determined to be in 5V mode, and the target current value is set to 10mA; if the first voltage information is within the range of 10V-14V, it is determined to be in 12V mode, and the target current value is set to 12mA; if the first voltage information is within the range of 20V-28V, it is determined to be in 24V mode, and the target current value is set to 15mA. Then, a monitoring circuit using a series current sensing resistor and an instrumentation amplifier continuously captures the actual current on the primary side of the optocoupler and calculates its deviation from the target current. The current deviation is input to a digital PID controller to generate a pulse width modulation signal, dynamically adjusting the conduction angle of the constant current diode to achieve a constant optocoupler drive current. The synchronously started edge detection module captures the pulse rising edge interval through a timer. As one implementation, when the frequency is less than 100kHz, it maintains the basic gain in normal mode; when the frequency is in the 100kHz-500kHz range, it switches to fast mode, boosting the first gain information to 1.5 times and activating the high-speed response circuit; when the frequency is greater than 500kHz, it enables oversampling mode, boosting the first gain information to 2.0 times and activating anti-aliasing filtering. Finally, the programmable gain amplifier adjusts the output signal amplitude according to the mode command, completing the full-process closed-loop control. This embodiment automatically identifies the voltage amplitude and matches the optimal operating parameters to ensure constant optocoupler current across the entire voltage range, eliminating optocoupler drive current fluctuations in traditional resistor-based solutions; furthermore, it optimizes signal gain for different frequency bands to solve the high-speed pulse attenuation problem.

[0148] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the measurement to obtain the first voltage information specifically includes:

[0149] The voltages of the first and second input pins of the high-speed optocoupler are sampled by the differential sampling circuit to obtain the second and third voltage information.

[0150] Based on a preset smoothing window, the second voltage information and the third voltage information are subjected to a moving average process to calculate the mean and stability coefficient.

[0151] If the stability coefficient is greater than the preset stability threshold, the first voltage information is obtained based on the difference between the average value of the second voltage information and the average value of the third voltage information.

[0152] It should be noted that the second voltage information is the voltage of the PUL+ pin of the high-speed optocoupler; the third voltage information is the voltage of the PUL- pin of the high-speed optocoupler. This embodiment provides a process for differentially measuring the input power supply voltage value. In this embodiment, a dual-channel synchronous ADC is used to alternately acquire the voltage to ground of the high-speed optocoupler input pins PUL+ and PUL-. As one implementation method, after continuously acquiring 10 sets of sampled values, a sliding window averaging algorithm is executed. The data within the window is sorted according to the time series, and after removing at least one maximum value and at least one minimum value, the arithmetic mean is taken; at the same time, the fluctuation coefficient is calculated, that is, the ratio of the range to the mean within the calculation window. When the fluctuation coefficient is <5%, the voltage is determined to be stable, and the mean of channel A is subtracted from the mean of channel B as the effective differential voltage, thereby obtaining the first voltage information. If the voltage is determined to be unstable, the voltage fluctuation abnormality is recorded; when the fluctuation coefficient exceeds the standard for 3 consecutive times, the mode switching is paused and the calibration procedure is triggered. This embodiment uses a sliding average to suppress transient noise interference; through fluctuation coefficient verification, mode misjudgment caused by voltage jitter is avoided.

[0153] According to an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the first bias adjustment amount based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information specifically involves:

[0154] The deviation between the first current information and the target current information is calculated to obtain the first current deviation;

[0155] Based on the preset adjustment period, the integral value of the current deviation and the derivative value of the current deviation are obtained according to the first current deviation.

[0156] Based on a preset PID control algorithm, the first bias adjustment amount is obtained according to the first current deviation, the integral value of the current deviation, and the derivative value of the current deviation.

[0157] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a process for dynamically calculating the first bias adjustment. As one implementation, based on the adjustment cycle of the high-speed optocoupler drive current, the voltage drop of the high-precision current sensing resistor in the primary circuit of the optocoupler is first read, and after zero-drift calibration, it is converted into the actual current value, recorded as the first current information. Next, the instantaneous deviation between this value and the target current is calculated and stored in a FIFO queue; the integrator accumulates the most recent 20 deviation values ​​in the queue, and the differentiator calculates the rate of change between the current deviation and the previous deviation. Then, the PID synthesizer calculates the adjustment amount according to preset weighting coefficients, recorded as the first bias adjustment. Finally, this value is converted into a PWM signal after amplitude limiting, driving the MOSFET gate at the constant current diode control terminal. This embodiment uses a PID control algorithm to dynamically calculate the bias adjustment, eliminating the optocoupler drive current fluctuations of the traditional resistor scheme. The proportional term achieves millisecond-level current stabilization, the integral term compensates for long-term offset, and the derivative term smooths sudden load changes.

[0158] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the first bias adjustment amount, the method further includes:

[0159] Obtain the first temperature information;

[0160] Determine whether the first temperature information exceeds a preset first temperature threshold;

[0161] If so, then based on the preset temperature compensation mapping curve, the first temperature compensation coefficient is obtained according to the first temperature information;

[0162] Adjust the first bias adjustment amount according to the first temperature compensation coefficient.

[0163] It should be noted that the first temperature information is the temperature value of the high-speed optocoupler circuit. This embodiment provides a high-temperature compensation mechanism. The first temperature information integrates at least three monitoring points. As one implementation method, a thermistor is mounted on the constant current diode heat sink substrate, a digital temperature sensor is deployed on the optocoupler package surface, and infrared monitoring units are set at key nodes of the PCB traces. Temperature data is polled based on a preset temperature compensation cycle, and the compensation process is triggered when any monitoring point exceeds 70°C. By querying a pre-stored temperature-current decay curve, the current decrease caused by temperature is compensated by adjusting the first bias adjustment amount. Furthermore, a gradual recovery mechanism is adopted when the temperature drops, restoring 0.5% of the current compensation amount for every 2°C decrease to avoid parameter abrupt changes; all temperature compensation operations are recorded in an event log for analysis. This embodiment uses multiple temperature monitoring points to protect key components and ensure the stability of the optocoupler drive current.

[0164] According to an embodiment of the present invention, entering the fast mode specifically includes:

[0165] Adjust the first gain information to a preset first reference gain;

[0166] Lower the hysteresis voltage of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference voltage;

[0167] Increase the comparator bias current of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference current;

[0168] Disconnect the filter capacitor network from the input pin of the high-speed optocoupler.

[0169] It should be noted that this embodiment provides the driving logic for fast mode. As one implementation, upon entering fast mode, the system performs a four-step hardware reconfiguration. First, the signal path gain is increased to 1.5 times, achieved by rewriting the programmable amplifier register. Second, an instruction is written to the optocoupler control register to reduce the internal comparator hysteresis voltage from 50mV to 10mV to reduce switching delay. Then, the comparator bias current in the high-speed optocoupler is increased to 5mA to accelerate the transistor switching process. Finally, the filter capacitor connected in parallel at the input is disconnected via a MOSFET switch to eliminate the effect of capacitive load on the edge signal. This embodiment reduces the circuit's impact on mid-frequency signals through four hardware configurations.

[0170] According to an embodiment of the present invention, entering the oversampling mode specifically includes:

[0171] Adjust the first gain information to a preset second reference gain;

[0172] Based on the first frequency information, the first sampling period is adjusted according to a preset sampling multiple;

[0173] Based on the preset FIR filter and mean extraction algorithm, the sampled waveform is reconstructed;

[0174] Based on the reconstructed sampling waveform, the signal-to-noise ratio information is obtained;

[0175] The extraction coefficients of the mean extraction algorithm are adjusted based on the signal-to-noise ratio information.

[0176] It should be noted that this embodiment provides the driving logic for the oversampling mode. As one implementation, in oversampling mode, the system first increases the base gain to 2.0 times. Secondly, the sampling period is dynamically adjusted, calculated in real-time based on the detection frequency. For example, for a 500kHz signal, the ADC captures data at a 4x oversampling rate, i.e., sampling at 2MHz. The raw data output by the ADC is input to a 31st-order Hanning window FIR filter to suppress out-of-band noise. After filtering, the data undergoes a 3:1 decimation, i.e., the arithmetic mean of every two adjacent points is taken to generate a new sequence. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the output signal is calculated in real-time. If the SNR is below 40dB, the decimation ratio is dynamically increased to 2:1; if the SNR is above 60dB, the decimation ratio is restored to 3:1 or reduced to 4:1. This embodiment uses oversampling and FIR filtering to suppress high-frequency noise and optimizes signal reconstruction quality based on SNR feedback, improving the reliability of high-frequency signals.

[0177] It is worth mentioning that it also includes:

[0178] Determine whether the second voltage information is lower than the third voltage information;

[0179] If so, the reverse voltage protection is triggered, and the recovery diode is turned on;

[0180] The voltage change rate is calculated based on the second voltage information or the third voltage information;

[0181] If the voltage change rate exceeds a preset change rate threshold;

[0182] This triggers surge protection, activating the TVS diode and constant current diode to form a voltage clamping combination.

[0183] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an input power supply protection mechanism. In this embodiment, the protection mechanism performs dual-channel monitoring in parallel. By continuously comparing the PUL+ and PUL- voltages, when PUL- is continuously higher than PUL+ for 100μs, the hardware reverse connection protection circuit is triggered, forming a low-impedance bypass channel through the instantaneous conduction of the parallel fast recovery diode. By continuously calculating the voltage change rate, when a sudden change exceeding the safety threshold is detected, the TVS clamping circuit is activated to absorb surge energy, and an interrupt signal is sent to the background. The background records the event type and timestamp, generating a structured fault log, including but not limited to voltage extreme values, duration, and number of protection actions. This embodiment adopts differentiated processing strategies for reverse connection and surge, improving the stability of the high-speed optocoupler isolation drive circuit during operation.

[0184] It is worth mentioning that it also includes:

[0185] When a power mode switch is detected, the target current information is adjusted based on a preset current ramp transition algorithm.

[0186] When the first frequency information step exceeds the preset third frequency threshold, the first gain information is adjusted based on the preset third reference gain.

[0187] When the first temperature information exceeds the preset second temperature threshold, the differential coefficient of the PID algorithm is increased based on the preset temperature coefficient mapping table.

[0188] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an adaptive optimization mechanism. As one implementation method, the adaptive optimization mechanism includes triple dynamic optimization. When the power mode switches, for example, from 24V to 5V, a current ramp transition is initiated, linearly decreasing the target current from 15mA to 10mA in steps of 1mA / 0.1ms within 0.5ms to avoid sudden changes in optocoupler current. Real-time monitoring detects changes in adjacent pulse cycles; if a sudden change is identified, such as a frequency change exceeding 30%, a temporary 1.2x transition gain is activated, maintained for several cycles, and then switched to the target mode gain. When the temperature exceeds 80℃, the temperature coefficient mapping table is invoked to increase the PID differential coefficient to enhance system damping. All adjusted parameters are monitored through a watchdog mechanism; if the system is not stable within 10ms under the new parameters, it rolls back to the safe configuration and triggers an optimization failure alarm. The current ramp dynamic optimization mechanism provided in this embodiment eliminates the risk of sudden current changes when the optocoupler is turned on; the transition gain optimization mechanism prevents signal overshoot during frequency jumps; and the temperature-dynamic PID parameter adjustment mechanism maintains control stability.

[0189] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method program for multiple power supplies, wherein when the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method program for multiple power supplies is executed by a processor, the program implements the steps of the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0190] In summary, this invention provides an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method, system, and medium for multiple power supplies. First, based on periodic voltage sampling, the power supply mode is automatically identified, and the corresponding target current and base gain are matched. Second, closed-loop PID control is used to adjust the constant current diode drive signal in real time to ensure the stability of the optocoupler current over a wide voltage range. Finally, based on the pulse frequency, the operating mode is intelligently switched, including normal mode, fast mode, and oversampling mode, and the gain coefficient is dynamically adjusted to compensate for high-frequency attenuation. This invention solves the problems of large current fluctuations and poor high-frequency response through a dynamic adjustment algorithm, is compatible with wide voltage input, and simultaneously meets the requirements for distortion-free transmission of high-speed pulse signals. It also features strong anti-interference capabilities and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of signal isolation.

[0191] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0192] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the first sampling period, the first voltage information is measured and acquired; Based on the first voltage information, the power supply mode is determined, and the target current information and the first gain information are obtained; Obtain the first current information; The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information; Adjust the constant current drive control signal according to the first bias adjustment amount; Obtain the first frequency information; Determine whether the first frequency information is greater than a preset first frequency threshold; If not, then enter normal mode; If so, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than the preset second frequency threshold; If not, then enter fast mode; If so, then enter oversampling mode; Adjust the first gain information according to the frequency pattern; The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information, specifically as follows: The deviation between the first current information and the target current information is calculated to obtain the first current deviation; Based on the preset adjustment period, the integral value of the current deviation and the derivative value of the current deviation are obtained according to the first current deviation. Based on a preset PID control algorithm, the first bias adjustment amount is obtained according to the first current deviation, the integral value of the current deviation, and the derivative value of the current deviation.

2. The adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement to obtain the first voltage information specifically involves: The voltages of the first and second input pins of the high-speed optocoupler are sampled by the differential sampling circuit to obtain the second and third voltage information. Based on a preset smoothing window, the second voltage information and the third voltage information are subjected to a moving average process to calculate the mean and stability coefficient. If the stability coefficient is greater than the preset stability threshold, the first voltage information is obtained based on the difference between the average value of the second voltage information and the average value of the third voltage information.

3. The adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the first bias adjustment amount, the method further includes: Obtain the first temperature information; Determine whether the first temperature information exceeds a preset first temperature threshold; If so, then based on the preset temperature compensation mapping curve, the first temperature compensation coefficient is obtained according to the first temperature information; Adjust the first bias adjustment amount according to the first temperature compensation coefficient.

4. The adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entry into fast mode specifically includes: Adjust the first gain information to a preset first reference gain; Lower the hysteresis voltage of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference voltage; Increase the comparator bias current of the high-speed optocoupler to the preset first reference current; Disconnect the filter capacitor network from the input pin of the high-speed optocoupler.

5. The adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entry into oversampling mode specifically includes: Adjust the first gain information to a preset second reference gain; Based on the first frequency information, the first sampling period is adjusted according to a preset sampling multiple; Based on the preset FIR filter and mean extraction algorithm, the sampled waveform is reconstructed; Based on the reconstructed sampling waveform, the signal-to-noise ratio information is obtained; The extraction coefficients of the mean extraction algorithm are adjusted based on the signal-to-noise ratio information.

6. An adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive system for multiple power supplies, characterized in that, The system includes a memory and a processor. The memory includes a program for an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies. When the processor executes the program for the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies, it performs the following steps: Based on the first sampling period, the first voltage information is measured and acquired; Based on the first voltage information, the power supply mode is determined, and the target current information and the first gain information are obtained; Obtain the first current information; The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information; Adjust the constant current drive control signal according to the first bias adjustment amount; Obtain the first frequency information; Determine whether the first frequency information is greater than a preset first frequency threshold; If not, then enter normal mode; If so, determine whether the first frequency information is greater than the preset second frequency threshold; If not, then enter fast mode; If so, then enter oversampling mode; Adjust the first gain information according to the frequency pattern; The first bias adjustment amount is obtained based on the deviation between the first current information and the target current information, specifically as follows: The deviation between the first current information and the target current information is calculated to obtain the first current deviation; Based on the preset adjustment period, the integral value of the current deviation and the derivative value of the current deviation are obtained according to the first current deviation. Based on a preset PID control algorithm, the first bias adjustment amount is obtained according to the first current deviation, the integral value of the current deviation, and the derivative value of the current deviation.

7. The adaptive high-speed pulse isolation drive system for multiple power supplies according to claim 6, characterized in that, The measurement to obtain the first voltage information specifically involves: The voltages of the first and second input pins of the high-speed optocoupler are sampled by the differential sampling circuit to obtain the second and third voltage information. Based on a preset smoothing window, the second voltage information and the third voltage information are subjected to a moving average process to calculate the mean and stability coefficient. If the stability coefficient is greater than the preset stability threshold, the first voltage information is obtained based on the difference between the average value of the second voltage information and the average value of the third voltage information.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a program for an adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the adaptive high-speed pulse isolation driving method for multiple power supplies as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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