Device and method for sorting and recycling valuable metal from slag of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a device and method for sorting and recycling valuable metal from slag of a garbage incinerator, and provides the device for sorting and recycling the valuable metal from the slag of the garbage incinerator aiming at the problems that manual sorting is needed, the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low and the like during slag sorting and metal recycling. A movable conveying belt is arranged on the sorting table, side plates are arranged on the two sides of the upper end of the sorting table, and material flattening plates matched with the conveying belt are arranged on the inner sides of the two side plates; the sorting mechanism comprises a main shaft capable of rotating, a plurality of magnetic plates are arranged on the outer surface of a collecting square roller, a pushing assembly matched with the magnetic plates is further arranged at the upper end of the sorting table, a scraping plate is arranged at the lower end of a driving plate, when the main shaft rotates, the collecting square roller can intermittently rotate, and the driving plate reciprocates left and right; the scraping plate can scrape one side along the upper end face of the magnetic plate; metal can be automatically sorted in the whole process, and the labor cost and the safety risk are remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment technology, more specifically to the field of solid waste slag sorting for garbage incinerators, and in particular to a device and method for sorting and recovering valuable metals from garbage incinerator slag. Background Art

[0002] With accelerating urbanization and population growth, the amount of municipal waste continues to rise. Waste incineration is widely used as an important method for waste reduction and resource recovery. However, the incineration process produces a large amount of solid waste, slag, which accounts for approximately 15%-30% of the original waste weight. This slag is often mixed with incompletely burned organic matter, inorganic minerals, and metals with high recovery value, such as iron and small amounts of non-ferrous metals. Traditional slag processing relies on manual sorting or simple, primary mechanical screening (such as vibrating screens and drum screens) for metal recovery. Manual sorting is inefficient, labor-intensive, and involves harsh working environments (high temperatures, dust, and potentially hazardous substances). Furthermore, the sorting accuracy is unstable, resulting in a large amount of valuable metals not being effectively recovered and being landfilled with the waste, resulting in resource waste. Therefore, the development of an efficient, automated, and continuously stable sorting device that significantly improves the recovery rate of valuable metals in slag is of great importance for achieving resource utilization of waste incineration slag, reducing processing costs, and alleviating environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention addresses the problem that existing solid waste slag sorting and metal recovery requires manual sorting, which is not only labor-intensive, inefficient, and prone to errors, but also poses certain safety hazards. The present invention provides a device and method for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag, which can automatically sort metals throughout the entire process, significantly reducing labor costs and safety risks; it can more accurately and thoroughly capture ferromagnetic metals in the slag, including fine particles, significantly improving the overall recovery rate of valuable metals; and the use method of the device for sorting metals further reduces time costs and improves efficiency, effectively solving the problems mentioned in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag of a waste incinerator comprises a sorting platform, wherein the sorting platform is provided with a movable conveyor belt, side plates are provided on both sides of the upper end of the sorting platform, and flat material plates cooperating with the conveyor belt are provided on the inner sides of the two side plates; a sorting mechanism is also provided on one side of the sorting platform, the sorting mechanism comprises a rotatable main shaft, the sorting mechanism also comprises a collecting roller arranged at the upper end of the conveyor belt, a plurality of magnetic plates are provided on the outer surface of the collecting roller, a pushing assembly cooperating with the magnetic plate is also provided at the upper end of the sorting platform, the pushing assembly comprises a driving plate, a scraper is provided at the lower end of the driving plate, when the main shaft rotates, the collecting roller can be rotated intermittently, and the driving plate can be moved back and forth left and right, and when the driving plate is moved back and forth left and right, the scraper can be scraped toward one side along the upper end surface of the magnetic plate.

[0006] The front and rear ends of the sorting platform are both provided with rotatable friction rollers, the conveyor belt is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two friction rollers, and a lower hopper is also provided on one side of the sorting platform.

[0007] A first motor is provided on one side of the sorting platform, a main shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a shifting rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft, and a groove wheel coaxially fixedly connected to the shifting rod is provided on one side of the collecting roller.

[0008] A disc cam is also fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft, and two side rods are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the side plate. A rectangular cover is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side rod. The drive plate is installed on the rectangular cover, and an L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected to one end surface of the rectangular cover. The lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod is provided with a first sliding pin that cooperates with the disc cam.

[0009] The driving plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cover, the scraper is slidably connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the driving plate, the middle inner wall of the driving plate is slidably connected to the guide plate, the inner wall of the upper end of the scraper is fixed with a short pin, and the inner wall of the guide plate is provided with a guide groove that matches the short pin. The left and right ends of the rectangular cover are respectively provided with a first blocking surface and a second blocking surface that match the guide plate.

[0010] An I-shaped plate fixedly connected to the side rod is provided at the upper end of the rectangular cover, a telescopic rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the I-shaped plate, a long connecting rod is provided at the upper end of the I-shaped plate, a swingable pry bar is provided on the sorting platform, one end of the long connecting rod is hinged on the telescopic rod, the other end of the long connecting rod is hinged on the pry bar, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the driving plate.

[0011] A long cam is also fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft, a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the end surface of one side of the sorting platform, an extension plate is provided at the upper end of the U-shaped frame, a first slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extension plate, a long pin that cooperates with the long cam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first slider, a cross pin is provided at the upper end of the long pin, a pry bar is hinged to the upper end of the U-shaped frame, and a short key slot that cooperates with the cross pin is opened at the lower end of the pry bar.

[0012] The upper end of the outer surface of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a top plate, the lower end of the top plate is provided with a sparse material rake, the upper end of the sparse material rake is coaxially fixed with a crank, the inner wall of the top plate is provided with a second movable slider, the upper end of the top plate is provided with a short connecting rod, one end of the short connecting rod is hinged on the crank, and the other end of the short connecting rod is hinged on the square slider.

[0013] A second sliding pin is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the second sliding block. A track plate is further provided at the upper end of the sorting platform. A wave groove matching the second sliding pin is provided on the inner wall of the track plate.

[0014] A method for using a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Loading and leveling: dump the incinerated slag onto the conveyor belt of the sorting platform. The conveyor belt moves to drive the slag to move; the leveling plate is used to horizontally level the moving slag;

[0016] S2. Magnetic metal attraction: The conveyor belt transports the smoothed slag to the bottom of the collecting roller. When the magnetic plate on the outer surface of the collecting roller rotates to the lower position, it absorbs the ferromagnetic metal in the slag.

[0017] S3. Scraping and recovering metal: When the magnetic plate that absorbs metal rotates intermittently with the collecting roller to the upper position, the driving plate drives the scraper to move and scrape the absorbed metal to the designated recovery side;

[0018] S4, Circular operation: After the scraping is completed, the main shaft continues to rotate to make the collecting roller rotate intermittently again at a specified angle, so that the next magnetic plate moves to the lower position for adsorption.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] When in use, when the slag moves to the lower end of the collecting roller, the provided magnetic plate can be used to magnetically attract the metal in the slag, and the metal is fixed on the magnetic plate under the action of magnetic attraction. After the metal adhered to the magnetic plate reaches a specified amount, the main shaft is driven to rotate, which can drive the collecting roller to rotate intermittently, that is, the magnetic plate at the other end of the collecting roller continues the magnetic attraction operation, and when the magnetic plate rotates and moves to just above the collecting roller, the main shaft rotates and the driving plate can move back and forth left and right, that is, the corresponding scraper can scrape along the upper end surface of the magnetic plate to one side, thereby pushing the metal adhered to the magnetic plate to the position on the specified side, that is, sorting the metal in the slag, and the whole process can be repeated in a cycle without manual intervention. The device greatly improves the sorting efficiency and processing capacity, and realizes the continuous and assembly line operation of slag processing; compared with manual or simple mechanical sorting, the processing speed is doubled, and the sorting cycle is significantly shortened, which meets the needs of Large-scale slag treatment needs of large-scale incineration plants; the automated system greatly reduces manual intervention, requiring only a small number of personnel for monitoring and maintenance, avoiding high-intensity and high-risk manual sorting operations by workers in harsh environments, significantly reducing labor costs and safety risks; it can more accurately and thoroughly capture ferromagnetic metals in slag, including fine particles, thereby significantly improving the overall recovery rate of valuable metals; at the same time, the automated process reduces mixing and improves the purity of recovered metals. Efficiently recovered metals can be sold directly as renewable resources, bringing considerable economic benefits to the waste incineration plant, while reducing the mining consumption of primary mineral resources, in line with the concept of circular economy; after efficient metal recovery, the metal content of the remaining slag is greatly reduced, which is more conducive to subsequent resource utilization or safe landfill, reducing the landfill burden and potential heavy metal leaching risks, and improving the resource utilization and harmlessness level of the entire waste incineration process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional modeling diagram of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is an axonometric diagram of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a lower hopper of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a flat plate of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of a sheave for a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator.

[0026] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of a disc cam of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator.

[0027] Figure 7 A rectangular sectional view of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention

[0028] Figure 8 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a driving plate of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a pry bar of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the long pin installation of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a long connecting rod of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the track plate installation of a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second slider of the device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag of a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

[0034] Numbers in the figure: 1-sorting table, 2-conveyor belt, 3-side plate, 4-flat plate, 5-lower hopper, 6-friction roller, 7-first motor, 8-shift lever, 9-groove wheel, 10-collecting square roller, 11-magnetic plate, 12-side rod, 13-rectangular cover, 14-drive plate, 15-guide plate, 16-short pin, 17-gasket, 18-lower horizontal groove, 19-first inclined groove, 20-upper horizontal groove, 21-first stop surface, 22-second stop surface, 23-L-shaped connecting rod, 24-round Disc cam, 25-first sliding pin, 26-scraper, 27-U-shaped frame, 28-long cam, 29-extension plate, 30-first slider, 31-long pin, 32-cross pin, 33-pry bar, 34-short keyway, 35-long connecting rod, 36-outer cylinder, 37-inner rod, 38-I-plate, 39-top plate, 40-second slider, 41-second sliding pin, 42-short connecting rod, 43-crank, 44-sparse material rake, 45-track plate, 46-wave groove, 47-spindle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0036] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag of a waste incinerator, comprising a sorting platform 1, wherein the sorting platform 1 is provided with a movable conveyor belt 2, and side plates 3 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the sorting platform 1, and flat material plates 4 that cooperate with the conveyor belt 2 are provided on the inner sides of the two side plates 3; a sorting mechanism is also provided on one side of the sorting platform 1, and the sorting mechanism includes a rotatable main shaft 47, and the sorting mechanism also includes a collecting roller 10 arranged at the upper end of the conveyor belt 2, and a plurality of magnetic plates 11 are provided on the outer surface of the collecting roller 10; a pushing component that cooperates with the magnetic plate 11 is also provided at the upper end of the sorting platform 1, and the pushing component includes a driving plate 14, and a scraper 26 is provided at the lower end of the driving plate 14. When the main shaft 47 rotates, the collecting roller 10 can be rotated intermittently and the driving plate 14 can be moved back and forth left and right. When the driving plate 14 moves back and forth left and right, the scraper 26 can be scraped toward one side along the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, the sorting platform 1 is used to support and install the entire device. By pouring the incinerated slag onto the sorting platform 1, that is, onto the conveyor belt 2, the conveyor belt 2 can drive the slag to the designated position when it moves; the side plates 3 are provided to prevent the slag from falling from the conveyor belt 2 and the sorting platform 1; the flattening plates 4 are provided to flatten the slag horizontally when the slag moves on the conveyor belt 2, thereby preventing the slag from being uneven and facilitating the subsequent sorting operation of the magnetic plate 11; when the slag moves to the lower end of the collecting roller 10, the magnetic plate 11 is provided to level the metal in the slag. The metal is fixed on the magnetic plate 11 under the action of magnetic attraction. When the metal adhered to the magnetic plate 11 reaches a specified amount, the main shaft 47 is driven to rotate, which can drive the collecting roller 10 to rotate intermittently, that is, the magnetic plate 11 at the other end of the collecting roller 10 continues the magnetic attraction operation. When the magnetic plate 11 rotates and moves to the top of the collecting roller 10, the main shaft 47 rotates and the driving plate 14 can move back and forth left and right, that is, the corresponding scraper 26 can scrape along the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11 to one side, so that the metal adhered to the magnetic plate 11 is pushed to the position on the specified side, that is, the metal in the slag is sorted. The whole process can be repeated over and over again without human intervention. The device greatly improves the sorting efficiency and processing capacity, and realizes the continuous and assembly line operation of slag processing. Compared with manual or simple mechanical sorting, the processing speed is doubled, which significantly shortens the sorting cycle and meets the large-scale slag processing needs of large incineration plants. The automated system greatly reduces human intervention and only requires a small number of personnel for monitoring and maintenance, avoiding the high-intensity and high-risk manual sorting work of workers in harsh environments, significantly reducing labor costs and safety risks. It can capture iron in slag more accurately and thoroughly. Magnetic metals, including fine particles, can be removed from the slag, thereby significantly improving the overall recovery rate of valuable metals; at the same time, the automated process reduces mixing and improves the purity of the recovered metals. The efficiently recovered metals can be sold directly as renewable resources, bringing considerable economic benefits to the waste incineration plant, while reducing the mining consumption of primary mineral resources, in line with the concept of circular economy; after the efficient recovery of metals, the metal content of the remaining slag is greatly reduced, which is more conducive to subsequent resource utilization or safe landfill, reducing the landfill burden and potential heavy metal leaching risks, and improving the resource utilization and harmlessness level of the entire waste incineration process.

[0038] The sorting platform 1 is provided with rotatable friction rollers 6 at both ends, and the conveyor belt 2 is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two friction rollers 6. A lower hopper 5 is also provided on one side of the sorting platform 1.

[0039] like Figure 2-Figure 3As shown, the friction roller 6 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sorting platform 1. A motor is also provided inside the sorting platform 1. The friction roller 6 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. When the motor is started, the friction roller 6 can be driven to rotate. The motor is of existing technology and will not be described in detail. When the friction roller 6 rotates, the conveyor belt 2 can be driven to move; the lower hopper 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the sorting platform 1. The lower hopper 5 is used to receive the sorted slag; the flattening plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner end faces of the two side plates 3. When the slag moves on the sorting platform 1, the slag can be horizontally flattened under the obstruction of the flattening plate 4.

[0040] A first motor 7 is provided on one side of the sorting platform 1, a main shaft 47 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 7, a shifting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft 47, and a groove wheel 9 coaxially fixedly connected to the shifting rod 8 is provided on one side of the collecting roller 10.

[0041] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the function of the first motor 7 is to provide rotational force for the main shaft 47. The first motor 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the sorting platform 1. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the center of the collecting roller 10 and the groove wheel 9, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side plate 3. When the main shaft 47 rotates, it can drive the lever 8 to rotate. When the lever 8 rotates, it can drive the groove wheel 9 to rotate intermittently through cooperation with the groove wheel 9, that is, the corresponding collecting roller 10 rotates intermittently, and the angle of each intermittent rotation is 90 degrees.

[0042] A disc cam 24 is also fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft 47, and two side rods 12 are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the side plate 3. A rectangular cover 13 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side rod 12. The drive plate 14 is installed on the rectangular cover 13. An L-shaped connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected to one end surface of the rectangular cover 13. The lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod 23 is provided with a first sliding pin 25 that cooperates with the disc cam 24.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the side rod 12 serves as a support and limit for the rectangular cover 13, and the rectangular cover 13 can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the side rod 12 up and down; when the rectangular cover 13 moves up and down, the drive plate 14 can move up and down with the rectangular cover 13; the installation and shape of the L-shaped connecting rod 23, the disc cam 24, and the first sliding pin 25 are as shown Figure 5As shown, when the disc cam 24 rotates, the first sliding pin 25 is engaged with the disc cam 24, which enables the first sliding pin 25, the rectangular cover 13, the L-shaped connecting rod 23, etc. to move up and down intermittently. When the rectangular cover 13 is at the lowermost position, the upper port of the collecting roller 10 can be sealed. At this time, when the driving plate 14 and the scraper 26 are performing a cleaning operation on the magnetic plate 11, the metal on the magnetic plate 11 can be prevented from falling to the outside, that is, the metal can be accurately pushed to the specified position; the magnetic plate 11 can be an electromagnetic plate or a permanent magnetic plate, preferably an electromagnetic plate. When the electromagnetic plate 11 rotates and moves to the uppermost position, the electromagnetic plate 11 is closed, that is, the electromagnetic plate 11 no longer magnetically attracts metal. At this time, the scraper 26 can more easily push the metal on the electromagnetic plate 11. When the electromagnetic plate 11 rotates and moves to the designated position, the electromagnetic plate 11 opens and can magnetically fix the metal. The electromagnetic plate 11 is a prior art and will not be described in detail. Through the cooperation of the disc cam 24, the first sliding pin 25, the lever 8 and the groove wheel 9, when the main shaft 47 rotates, the collecting roller 10 can be driven to rotate intermittently and the rectangular cover 13 can be driven to move up and down intermittently, that is, when the collecting roller 10 is stationary, the rectangular cover 13 can be stationary at the lowest position and fit with the upper end surface of the collecting roller 10 to prevent it from falling when the scraper 26 cleans the metal on the upper end of the magnetic plate 11. When the collecting roller 10 rotates, the rectangular cover 13 and the scraper 26 can move upward to prevent movement interference with the collecting roller 10.

[0044] The driving plate 14 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cover 13, the scraper 26 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the driving plate 14, the middle inner wall of the driving plate 14 is slidably connected to the guide plate 15, the inner wall of the upper end of the scraper 26 is fixed with a short pin 16, and the inner wall of the guide plate 15 is provided with a guide groove that cooperates with the short pin 16. The left and right ends of the rectangular cover 13 are respectively provided with a first blocking surface 21 and a second blocking surface 22 that cooperate with the guide plate 15.

[0045] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the driving plate 14 can slide left and right on the inner wall of the rectangular cover 13, the scraper 26 can slide up and down on the inner wall of the driving plate 14, and the guide plate 15 can slide left and right on the inner wall of the driving plate 14. There is a certain friction between the guide plate 15 and the driving plate 14. When the driving plate 14 moves, it can drive the guide plate 15 to move synchronously; the left and right end surfaces of the guide plate 15 are fixed with gaskets 17, and the gasket 17 can reduce the buffering force when it contacts the first stop surface 21 or the second stop surface 22; the guide groove includes a lower transverse groove 18, a first inclined groove 19 and an upper transverse groove 20. When the short pin 16 is engaged with the lower transverse groove 18, when the guide plate 15 does not move, the corresponding short pin 16 and the scraper 26 are in the bottom end state, that is, the scraper 26 is in the bottom end state. The plate 26 can contact the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11. When the short pin 16 is engaged with the first inclined groove 19, when the guide plate 15 moves to the left or right, the short pin 16 and the scraper 26 can be driven to move upward or downward, that is, the position of the scraper 26 is adjusted. When the short pin 16 is engaged with the upper transverse groove 20, when the guide plate 15 does not move, the corresponding short pin 16 and the scraper 26 are in the topmost position, that is, the scraper 26 can be disengaged from the magnetic plate 11; when the drive plate 14 moves from left to right, the scraper 26 is engaged with the short pin 16 and the lower transverse groove 18, which can make the scraper 26 in the bottommost position, that is, the scraper 26 can contact the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11, and the scraper 26 can push and scrape the upper surface of the magnetic plate 11 When the drive plate 14 moves to the right to make the gasket 17 contact with the second stop surface 22, the guide plate 15 no longer moves to the right under the obstruction of the second stop surface 22. When the corresponding drive plate 14, short pin 16, scraper 26, etc. continue to move to the right, the short pin 16 is engaged with the lower transverse groove 18, the first inclined groove 19 and the upper transverse groove 20, so that the short pin 16 can enter the inner wall of the upper transverse groove 20, that is, the scraper 26 can move upward to disengage from the magnetic plate 11, that is, the scraper 26 is away from the magnetic plate 11. At this time, when the drive plate 14 moves from right to left, it can drive the guide plate 15, short pin 16, scraper 26, etc. to move to the left synchronously. Since the scraper 26 is in the upper end position at this time, it no longer contacts the magnetic plate 11. 1 is pushed and scraped. When the driving plate 14 moves to the left so that the gasket 17 contacts the first stop surface 21, the guide plate 15 no longer moves to the left. When the driving plate 14 continues to move to the left, the short pin 16 is engaged with the upper transverse groove 20, the first inclined groove 19 and the lower transverse groove 18, so that the scraper 26 can move downward, that is, the scraper 26 contacts the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11 again. At this time, when the driving plate 14 moves to the right again, the scraper 26 can push the metal material on the upper end of the magnetic plate 11 to the right to the specified position. That is, when the driving plate 14 moves, the short pin 16 and the guide plate 15 cooperate with each other to enable the scraper 26 to unidirectionally scrape to the right, thereby pushing the metal material on the upper end of the magnetic plate 11 to the specified position on the right side.

[0046] An I-shaped plate 38 fixedly connected to the side rod 12 is provided at the upper end of the rectangular cover 13. A telescopic rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the I-shaped plate 38. A long connecting rod 35 is provided at the upper end of the I-shaped plate 38. A swingable pry bar 33 is provided on the sorting platform 1. One end of the long connecting rod 35 is hinged to the telescopic rod, and the other end of the long connecting rod 35 is hinged to the pry bar 33. The lower end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the driving plate 14.

[0047] like Figure 10 As shown, the I-plate 38 is fixed to the upper end surface of the four side rods 12, and the telescopic rod can slide left and right on the inner wall of the I-plate 38. When the pry bar 33 swings, the telescopic rod and the driving plate 14 can be driven to move back and forth left and right through the hinge connection between the long connecting rod 35 and the telescopic rod, thereby causing the driving plate 14 and the scraper 26 to move back and forth left and right; the driving plate 14 is also connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cover 13 for sliding left and right, that is, when the rectangular cover 13 moves up and down, the driving plate 14 can follow the rectangular cover 13 to move up and down, and the driving plate 14 can slide left and right on the inner wall of the rectangular cover 13, and the two do not affect each other; the driving plate 14 is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod, that is, when the rectangular cover 13 and the driving plate 14 move up and down, the telescopic rod can be extended and retracted up and down, and the telescopic rod always remains connected to the driving plate 14, that is, when the telescopic rod moves back and forth left and right, the driving plate 14 can be caused to move back and forth left and right.

[0048] A long cam 28 is further fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft 47. A U-shaped frame 27 is fixedly connected to the end surface of one side of the sorting platform 1. An extension plate 29 is provided at the upper end of the U-shaped frame 27. A first slider 30 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extension plate 29. A long pin 31 that cooperates with the long cam 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first slider 30. A cross pin 32 is provided at the upper end of the long pin 31. A pry bar 33 is hinged to the upper end of the U-shaped frame 27. A short key slot 34 that cooperates with the cross pin 32 is provided at the lower end of the pry bar 33.

[0049] like Figures 8-10As shown, the main shaft 47 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 27, and the extension plate 29 is used to limit and support the first slider 30. The first slider 30 can be slidably connected to the extension plate 29 left and right. Through the engagement of the long pin 31 with the long cam 28, when the long cam 28 rotates, it can drive the long pin 31 and the cross pin 32 to move back and forth left and right. The upper end surface of the long pin 31 is fixedly connected to the arch seat, and the cross pin 32 is fixed to the arch seat, which is equivalent to the cross pin 32 being fixed to the upper end of the long pin 31; the front and rear sides of the upper end surface of the U-shaped frame 27 are fixedly connected to the support seat, the inner wall of the support seat is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the pry bar 33 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft. The surface is equivalent to the pry bar 33 being hinged on the upper end surface of the U-shaped frame 27; when the long pin 31 and the cross pin 32 move back and forth, the cross pin 32 engages with the short key groove 34, and the pry bar 33 can be driven to swing back and forth. When the pry bar 33 swings back and forth, the driving plate 14 can be moved back and forth. Therefore, when the main shaft 47 rotates, the driving plate 14 can be moved back and forth. Through the cooperation of the long cam 28 and the long pin 31, the disc cam 24 and the first sliding pin 25, the shifting rod 8 and the groove wheel 9, when the main shaft 47 rotates, the long cam 28, the disc cam 24 and the shifting rod 8 can be driven to move back and forth. When the long cam 28 rotates, the driving plate 14 and the scraper 26 can move to the right to push the metal material on the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11. When the long cam 28 rotates to make the driving plate 14 move from right to left, the scraper 26 can move upward to disengage from the magnetic plate 11. When the main shaft 47 continues to rotate, the lever 8 is engaged with the groove wheel 9, and the collecting roller 10 can be rotated 90 degrees to make the next end surface of the magnetic plate 11 continue to face downward. At the same time, under the engagement of the disc cam 24 and the first sliding pin 25, the rectangular cover 13, the driving plate 14, etc. can move upward to disengage the rectangular cover 13. The contact with the collecting roller 10 is separated to prevent the collecting roller 10 from generating motion interference during rotation; when the main shaft 47 continues to rotate, the collecting roller 10 can stop intermittently under the engagement of the shifting rod 8 and the groove wheel 9, and the corresponding rectangular cover 13 moves downward to the bottom end and stops intermittently under the engagement of the disc cam 24 and the first sliding pin 25. The driving plate 14 and the scraper 26 can move to the left to the top and then to the right. When the scraper 26 moves to the right, it can be in the bottom state, that is, the scraper 26 is in contact with the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11, and the metal material on the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11 is pushed to the specified position again.

[0050] A top plate 39 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer surface of the telescopic rod, a material spreading rake 44 is provided at the lower end of the top plate 39, a crank 43 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the material spreading rake 44, a second movable slider 40 is provided on the inner wall of the top plate 39, a short connecting rod 42 is provided at the upper end of the top plate 39, one end of the short connecting rod 42 is hinged to the crank 43, and the other end of the short connecting rod 42 is hinged to the square slider.

[0051] like Figure 11-12As shown, the telescopic rod includes an inner rod 37 and an outer cylinder 36. The inner rod 37 is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 36 for sliding up and down, and the inner rod 37 is connected to the inner wall of the I-plate 38 for sliding left and right. The drive plate 14 is fixed to the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 36, and the top plate 39 is fixed to the outer surface of the inner rod 37. When the telescopic rod moves left and right, it can drive the top plate 39 and the sparse material rake 44 to move left and right. When the sparse material rake 44 moves left and right, the slag at the upper end of the conveyor belt 2 can be longitudinally sparsely leveled, so that the slag is spread more evenly, which is convenient for the magnetic plate 11 to magnetically absorb gold. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall at the center of the crank 43 and the sparse material rake 44, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top plate 39. The second slider 40 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the top plate 39. When the second slider 40 moves back and forth, it can drive one end of the short connecting rod 42 to move back and forth, and the other end of the short connecting rod 42 will drive the crank 43 to swing. When the crank 43 swings, it can drive the sparse material rake 44 to rotate. When the sparse material rake 44 moves left and right and rotates back and forth, it can spread the slag more evenly, thereby further improving metal recovery.

[0052] A second sliding pin 41 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second sliding block 40 . A track plate 45 is further provided on the upper end of the sorting platform 1 . The inner wall of the track plate 45 is provided with a wave groove 46 that matches the second sliding pin 41 .

[0053] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the track plate 45 is fixed to the upper end surface of the I-plate 38, that is, the track plate 45 is equivalent to being fixed on the sorting platform 1 and cannot move; one end of the short connecting rod 42 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the second sliding pin 41, which is equivalent to the short connecting rod 42 being hinged to the upper end surface of the second slider 40; under the engagement of the second sliding pin 41 and the wave groove 46, when the top plate 39, the second slider 40, the second sliding pin 41, the sparse material rake 44, etc. move back and forth, the second sliding pin 41 can move back and forth while oscillating back and forth. When the second sliding pin 41 oscillates back and forth, it can also drive the second slider 40 to oscillate back and forth, that is, the corresponding sparse material rake 44 moves back and forth while rotating forward and reverse.

[0054] A method for using a device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1. Loading and leveling: Pour the incinerated slag onto the conveyor belt 2 of the sorting platform 1. The conveyor belt 2 moves to drive the slag to move; the leveling plate 4 is used to horizontally level the moving slag;

[0056] S2, magnetic metal attraction: The conveyor belt 2 transports the smoothed slag to the bottom of the collecting roller 10; the magnetic plate 11 provided on the outer surface of the collecting roller 10 absorbs the ferromagnetic metal in the slag when it rotates to the lower position;

[0057] S3. Scraping and recovering metal: When the magnetic plate 11 that absorbs metal rotates intermittently with the collecting roller 10 to the upper position, the driving plate 14 drives the scraper 26 to move and scrape the absorbed metal to the designated recovery side;

[0058] S4, cycle operation: After the scraping is completed, the main shaft 47 continues to rotate to make the collecting roller 10 rotate intermittently again by a specified angle, so that the next magnetic plate 11 moves to the lower position for adsorption.

[0059] When the slag moves to the lower end of the collecting roller 10, the magnetic plate 11 provided can be used to magnetically attract the metal in the slag, and the metal is fixed on the magnetic plate 11 under the action of magnetic attraction. After the metal adhered to the magnetic plate 11 reaches a specified amount, the driving shaft 47 is driven to rotate, which can drive the collecting roller 10 to rotate intermittently, that is, the magnetic plate 11 at the other end of the collecting roller 10 continues the magnetic attraction operation, and when the magnetic plate 11 rotates and moves to just above the collecting roller 10, the driving plate 14 can be moved back and forth left and right when the main shaft 47 rotates, that is, the corresponding scraper 26 can scrape to one side along the upper end surface of the magnetic plate 11, so that the metal adhered to the magnetic plate 11 is pushed to the position on the specified side, that is, the metal in the slag is sorted, and the whole process can be repeated and circulated without manual intervention. The device greatly improves the sorting efficiency and processing capacity, and realizes the continuous and assembly line operation of slag processing; compared with manual or simple mechanical sorting, the processing speed is very fast. The system has greatly reduced manual intervention and only requires a small number of personnel for monitoring and maintenance, avoiding the high-intensity and high-risk manual sorting work of workers in harsh environments, significantly reducing labor costs and safety risks; it can more accurately and thoroughly capture ferromagnetic metals in slag, including fine particles, thereby significantly improving the overall recovery rate of valuable metals; at the same time, the automated process reduces mixing and improves the purity of recovered metals. The efficiently recovered metals can be sold directly as renewable resources, bringing considerable economic benefits to the waste incineration plant, while reducing the mining consumption of primary mineral resources, in line with the concept of circular economy; after the efficient recovery of metals, the metal content of the remaining slag is greatly reduced, which is more conducive to subsequent resource utilization or safe landfill, reducing the landfill burden and potential risk of heavy metal leaching, and improving the resource utilization and harmlessness of the entire waste incineration process.

Claims

1. A device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag in a waste incinerator, comprising a sorting platform (1), characterized in that: The sorting platform (1) is provided with a movable conveyor belt (2), and side plates (3) are provided on both sides of the upper end of the sorting platform (1). Flat material plates (4) that cooperate with the conveyor belt (2) are provided on the inner sides of the two side plates (3); a sorting mechanism is also provided on one side of the sorting platform (1), and the sorting mechanism includes a rotatable main shaft (47). The sorting mechanism also includes a collecting roller (10) arranged at the upper end of the conveyor belt (2), and a plurality of magnetic plates (11) are provided on the outer surface of the collecting roller (10). The upper end of the sorting platform (1) is also provided with a pushing component that cooperates with the magnetic plate (11), and the pushing component includes a driving plate (14). A scraper (26) is provided at the lower end of the driving plate (14). When the main shaft (47) rotates, the collecting roller (10) can be intermittently rotated and the driving plate (14) can be reciprocated left and right. When the driving plate (14) moves back and forth left and right, the scraper (26) can be scraped along the upper end surface of the magnetic plate (11) toward one side.

2. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting platform (1) is provided with rotatable friction rollers (6) at both the front and rear ends, the conveyor belt (2) is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two friction rollers (6), and a lower hopper (5) is also provided on one side of the sorting platform (1).

3. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first motor (7) is provided on one side of the sorting platform (1), a main shaft (47) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (7), a shifting rod (8) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft (47), and a groove wheel (9) coaxially fixedly connected to one side of the collecting roller (10) and matched with the shifting rod (8) is fixedly connected.

4. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc cam (24) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft (47), two side rods (12) are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the side plate (3), and a rectangular cover (13) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side rod (12). The drive plate (14) is mounted on the rectangular cover (13), and an L-shaped connecting rod (23) is fixedly connected to one end surface of the rectangular cover (13). The lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod (23) is provided with a first sliding pin (25) that matches the disc cam (24).

5. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag of a waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving plate (14) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cover (13), the scraper (26) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the driving plate (14), the middle inner wall of the driving plate (14) is slidably connected to the guide plate (15), the inner wall of the upper end of the scraper (26) is fixed with a short pin (16), the inner wall of the guide plate (15) is provided with a guide groove matching the short pin (16), and the left and right ends of the rectangular cover (13) are respectively provided with a first blocking surface (21) and a second blocking surface (22) matching the guide plate (15).

6. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag of a waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the rectangular cover (13) is provided with an I-shaped plate (38) fixedly connected to the side rod (12), the inner wall of the I-shaped plate (38) is slidably connected to a telescopic rod, the upper end of the I-shaped plate (38) is provided with a long connecting rod (35), and the sorting platform (1) is provided with a swingable pry bar (33), one end of the long connecting rod (35) is hinged on the telescopic rod, and the other end of the long connecting rod (35) is hinged on the pry bar (33), and the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the driving plate (14).

7. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag according to claim 6, characterized in that: A long cam (28) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft (47), a U-shaped frame (27) is fixedly connected to the end surface of one side of the sorting platform (1), an extension plate (29) is provided at the upper end of the U-shaped frame (27), a first slider (30) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extension plate (29), a long pin (31) matching the long cam (28) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first slider (30), a transverse pin (32) is provided at the upper end of the long pin (31), a pry bar (33) is hinged to the upper end of the U-shaped frame (27), and a short key slot (34) matching the transverse pin (32) is provided at the lower end of the pry bar (33).

8. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from slag of a waste incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the outer surface of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a top plate (39), the lower end of the top plate (39) is provided with a material spreading rake (44), the upper end of the material spreading rake (44) is coaxially fixedly connected to a crank (43), the inner wall of the top plate (39) is provided with a second movable slider (40), the upper end of the top plate (39) is provided with a short connecting rod (42), one end of the short connecting rod (42) is hinged to the crank (43), and the other end of the short connecting rod (42) is hinged to the square slider.

9. The device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second sliding pin (41) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second sliding block (40). A track plate (45) is further provided at the upper end of the sorting platform (1). A wave groove (46) is provided on the inner wall of the track plate (45) to match the second sliding pin (41).

10. The method for using the device for sorting and recovering valuable metals from waste incinerator slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Loading and leveling: dumping the incinerated slag onto the conveyor belt (2) of the sorting platform (1), and the conveyor belt (2) moves to drive the slag to move; using the leveling plate (4) to horizontally level the moving slag; S2, magnetic metal attraction: the conveyor belt (2) conveys the smoothed slag to the bottom of the collecting roller (10); the magnetic plate (11) provided on the outer surface of the collecting roller (10) absorbs the ferromagnetic metal in the slag when it rotates to the lower position; S3, scraping and recovering metal: when the magnetic plate (11) that absorbs metal rotates intermittently with the collecting roller (10) to the upper position, the driving plate (14) drives the scraper (26) to move and scrape the absorbed metal to the designated recovery side; S4, cycle operation: After the scraping is completed, the main shaft (47) continues to rotate so that the collecting roller (10) rotates again intermittently at a specified angle, so that the next magnetic plate (11) moves to the lower position for adsorption.

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