Feeding anti-blocking device and method for three-phase centrifugal machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a feeding anti-blocking device and method for a three-phase centrifugal machine, and belongs to the technical field of coal coking. A feeding anti-blocking device of a three-phase centrifugal machine comprises a centrifugal pump, filtering pieces, a flow meter, a liquid storage barrel, a booster pump and a crusher, the discharging end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the feeding ends of the filtering pieces, the discharging ends of the filtering pieces are connected with the feeding end of the flow meter, and the discharging end of the flow meter is connected with the discharging end of the liquid storage barrel. The discharging end of the flow meter is connected with the feeding end of the three-phase centrifugal machine, the feeding end of the liquid storage cylinder is connected between the flow meter and the three-phase centrifugal machine, and the discharging end of the liquid storage cylinder is connected with the feeding end of the booster pump; according to the invention, a set of complete automatic filtering, backwashing and crushing backflow system is formed by arranging the components such as the filtering piece, the liquid storage cylinder, the booster pump and the crusher, so that blocky tar residues can be effectively prevented from blocking a feeding pipeline of the three-phase centrifugal machine, and the problem of frequent shutdown caused by blockage of the tar residues in a traditional system is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal coking, and in particular relates to a three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device and an anti-blocking method. Background Art

[0002] In the coal coking industry, tar produced by the coal gas purification system is typically mixed with ammonia to form a tar-ammonia mixture. After initial separation, this mixture still contains a certain amount of lumpy tar residue. Due to its high specific gravity, tar residue tends to settle at the bottom of the tar-ammonia separation tank. This tar must be transported from the tar-ammonia separation tank to a tar residue treatment system for further processing. The tar with less residue is then pumped by a centrifugal pump to a three-phase centrifuge for further dehydration and deslagging to produce finished tar.

[0003] However, in actual production, the lumpy tar residue contained in the raw tar caused pipeline blockage during transportation, resulting in a decrease in feed volume. When the feed volume dropped to the minimum processing capacity of the three-phase centrifuge, the equipment would automatically activate the protection mechanism and shut down, seriously affecting the continuity and stability of production. At present, to solve the problem of pipeline blockage, manual dismantling of the pipeline is usually adopted for unblocking. However, manual unblocking requires the processing equipment to be shut down for operation. At the same time, due to the sticky, flammable and explosive properties of tar and its residues, and the fact that the production area is a flammable and explosive hazardous place, manual dismantling poses a high safety risk, is labor-intensive and has low operating efficiency. In addition, the tar and tar residue in the pipeline are prone to leak during the dismantling process, causing environmental pollution and increasing the difficulty and cost of environmental protection management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device and anti-blocking method to address the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device, comprising a centrifugal pump, a filter element, a flow meter, a liquid storage cylinder, a booster pump and a crusher, the discharge end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the feed end of a pair of the filter elements, the discharge end of a pair of the filter elements is connected to the feed end of the flow meter, the discharge end of the flow meter is connected to the feed end of the three-phase centrifuge, the feed end of the liquid storage cylinder is connected between the flow meter and the three-phase centrifuge, the discharge end of the liquid storage cylinder is connected to the feed end of the booster pump, the discharge end of the booster pump is respectively connected between a pair of the filter elements and the flow meter, the feed end of the crusher is respectively connected to the slag discharge end of a pair of the filter elements, and the discharge end of the crusher is connected to the feed end of the centrifugal pump.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention utilizes a combined structure of a centrifugal pump, filter element, flowmeter, liquid storage cylinder, booster pump, and crusher to achieve automatic filtration, backwashing, clearing, and crushing and reflowing of tar during transportation. This device effectively prevents massive tar residue from entering the feed pipe of the three-phase centrifuge, preventing pipe blockage. Furthermore, if the filter element becomes clogged, the blockage can be cleared without shutting down the machine, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment, reducing the frequency of manual intervention, and improving production safety and efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, the filter element includes a first filter assembly and a second filter assembly, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly include a filter cartridge and an end cap connected to the filter cartridge, a filter plate is installed in the filter cartridge, and a cleaning element is provided on the filter plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting up a dual filtering structure of the first filter component and the second filter component, and coordinating the filter cartridge, end cover, filter plate and cleaning component, the continuous filtration and online cleaning functions of tar are achieved; when one filter component is blocked, it can be switched to the other filter component to continue working, avoiding system shutdown, and improving the system's continuous operation capability and automation level.

[0009] Optionally, a slag collecting groove is provided at the slag discharge end of the filter cartridge, and the slag collecting groove is funnel-shaped.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution and the design of the slag collecting trough, the flushed tar residue can easily enter the crusher, preventing the tar residue from accumulating inside the filter element, causing the tar residue to be unable to enter the crusher, and improving the slag discharge effect.

[0011] Optionally, the filter plate includes an outer ring seat, a mounting seat is provided inside the outer ring seat, a fixing column is provided between the mounting seat and the inner wall of the outer ring seat, and a filter screen connected to the fixing column is installed on the outer ring seat.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter plate adopts a structural design of outer ring seat, mounting seat, fixing column and filter screen, which enhances the structural strength and stability of the filter screen and can withstand the impact of tar at higher pressure. At the same time, the filter screen can also be disassembled and replaced to extend the service life of the filter screen.

[0013] Optionally, the cleaning piece includes a mounting shell connected to the mounting seat, an impeller is provided in the mounting shell, a rotating shaft is installed at one end of the impeller, a connecting seat is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft, a fixing strip is installed at the outer periphery of the connecting seat, and a rubber scraper is installed on the side of the fixing strip close to the filter screen.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the impeller in the cleaning element drives the rubber scraper to rotate through the rotating shaft under the impact of backwashing tar, thereby realizing automatic cleaning of the filter surface, effectively preventing the filter from being blocked, maintaining unobstructed filtration, reducing manual maintenance workload, and improving the system's degree of automation and operational stability.

[0015] Optionally, the upper end portion of the mounting shell is provided with a feed hole docking with the discharge port of the filter element, and the lower end portion of the mounting shell is provided with a discharge hole.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and the docking design of the feed hole and the discharge port, the backwashed tar can impact the impeller through the feed hole, causing the impeller to rotate, thereby driving the rubber scraper to clean the filter screen.

[0017] Optionally, a liquid level sensor is provided on the liquid storage cylinder and the pair of filter elements respectively.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, liquid level sensors are set on the liquid storage cylinder and filter element to realize real-time monitoring of the system operation status, which makes it easier for the controller to respond promptly according to the liquid level changes, thereby improving the system's intelligent control level and operational safety.

[0019] Optionally, a controller is provided on the liquid storage cylinder, and the controller is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor, the booster pump, the crusher and the flow meter.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the controller is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor, booster pump, crusher and flow meter to achieve centralized control and automated management of the entire system, improve the system's response speed and operating efficiency, and reduce the risk of manual operation.

[0021] Optionally, a valve group is provided between the centrifugal pump, filter element, flow meter, liquid storage cylinder, booster pump and crusher, and the valve group includes a first electric control valve, a second electric control valve, a third electric control valve, a fourth electric control valve, a fifth electric control valve, a sixth electric control valve, a seventh electric control valve, an eighth electric control valve, a ninth electric control valve and a tenth electric control valve.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up a valve group composed of multiple electric control valves, flexible switching and linkage control between components can be achieved, thereby improving the controllability of the system. At the same time, a flow path is provided for non-stop operation, and it is also convenient to realize automatic clearing and filtering switching operations.

[0023] Optionally, a method for preventing blocking of a feed blocking device of a three-phase centrifuge is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Turning on the centrifugal pump to deliver the tar to the first filter assembly for filtration, and the filtered tar flows into the three-phase centrifuge through the flow meter; When the flow meter detects that the tar flow rate is lower than a preset threshold, a signal is sent to the controller; The controller controls the first filter assembly to close, the second filter assembly to open, and the liquid storage cylinder to start, so that part of the tar flows into the liquid storage cylinder; When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor on the liquid storage cylinder reaches a preset height, the booster pump delivers tar to the first filter assembly, and the cleaning component clears the filter screen; When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor on the first filter assembly reaches a preset height, the crusher crushes the large tar residue and returns it to the centrifugal pump; During operation of the device, if the flow meter detects again that the tar flow rate is lower than the preset threshold, the above steps are repeated to perform a blockage-clearing operation on the second filter component.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the anti-blocking method realizes the automatic anti-blocking and self-cleaning functions of the tar conveying system through steps such as flow monitoring, filtration switching, liquid storage, pressurized flushing, automatic cleaning and crushing reflux. This method effectively solves the problems of high safety risks, low efficiency and serious pollution in traditional manual blockage clearing methods, and significantly improves the automation level and operational reliability of the system. At the same time, the steps can achieve blockage clearing without stopping the machine.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention forms a complete set of automatic filtration, backwashing, crushing and reflux systems by arranging components such as filters, liquid storage cylinders, booster pumps, and crushers. This system can effectively prevent massive tar residue from clogging the feed pipe of the three-phase centrifuge, solving the problem of frequent shutdowns caused by tar residue blockage in traditional systems.

[0026] 2. Through the alternating operation of the dual filters, the automatic switching mechanism, and the backwashing operation of the liquid storage cylinder, the present invention does not need to stop the operation of the entire system during the blockage removal process, which significantly improves the continuity and stability of production and reduces the economic losses caused by downtime.

[0027] 3. Through the coordinated work of intelligent components such as controllers, liquid level sensors, and flow meters, real-time monitoring and automatic response to the system's operating status are achieved, which improves the system's intelligent control level and facilitates remote monitoring and unattended operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filter cartridge of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the filter cartridge and the filter plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter plate of the present invention from the right side; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure between the connecting seat and the fixing bar of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Centrifugal pump; 2. Filter element; 21. First filter assembly; 22. Second filter assembly; 23. Filter cartridge; 231. Slag collecting trough; 24. End cover; 25. Filter plate; 251. Outer ring seat; 252. Mounting seat; 253. Fixing column; 254. Filter screen; 26. Cleaning element; 261. Mounting shell; 262. Impeller; 263. Rotating shaft; 264. Connecting seat; 265. Fixing bar; 266. Rubber scraper; 267. Feed hole; 268. Discharge hole. 3. Flow meter; 4. Liquid storage cylinder; 41. Liquid level sensor; 42. Controller; 5. Booster pump; 6. Crusher; 7. Valve group; 71. First electric control valve; 72. Second electric control valve; 73. Third electric control valve; 74. Fourth electric control valve; 75. Fifth electric control valve; 76. Sixth electric control valve; 77. Seventh electric control valve; 78. Eighth electric control valve; 79. Ninth electric control valve; 791. Tenth electric control valve; 8. Three-phase centrifuge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-5, the specific scheme of the embodiment is as follows: a three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device, including a centrifugal pump 1, a filter element 2, a flow meter 3, a liquid storage cylinder 4, a booster pump 5 and a crusher 6, the centrifugal pump 1 provides power for the transportation of materials, extracts materials from one place and transports them to subsequent processing links, the filter element 2 includes a first filter component 21 and a second filter component 22, the first filter component 21 and the second filter component 22 are arranged in parallel, the first filter component 21 and the second filter component 22 include a filter cartridge 23, The end cover 24 connected to the filter cartridge 23 is designed to seal and prevent material leakage. At the same time, the cover can be disassembled and installed, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and replacement of the filter plate 25. The slag collecting groove 231 is provided at the slag discharge end of the filter cartridge 23. The filter cartridge 23 provides space for material filtration. The slag collecting groove 231 provided at the slag discharge end is used to collect filtered impurities. The slag collecting groove 231 is designed to be funnel-shaped, which is conducive to the concentration and discharge of impurities and is convenient for subsequent cleaning and processing. The slag collecting groove 231 is funnel-shaped; A filter plate 25 is installed in the filter cartridge 23. The filter plate 25 includes an outer ring seat 251. The outer ring seat 251 provides mounting support for other components to ensure the stability of the overall structure of the filter plate 25, so that each component can be accurately installed and work together. A mounting seat 252 is provided in the outer ring seat 251. The mounting seat 252 is used to install the rotating shaft 263 of the impeller 262, providing a fixed point for the rotation of the impeller 262, ensuring that the impeller 262 can rotate stably and realize the cleaning function. At the same time, it cooperates with the outer ring seat 251 to form the entire filter plate 25. The body structure is provided with a fixing column 253 between the mounting seat 252 and the inner wall of the outer ring seat 251. The fixing column 253 is cross-shaped and is used to support and fix the filter screen 254, thereby enhancing the stability of the filter screen 254 and enabling the filter screen 254 to withstand the impact and pressure of the material and ensure the filtering effect. The outer ring seat 251 is provided with a filter screen 254 connected to the fixing column 253. The filter screen 254 can filter the material entering the filter cartridge 23, intercept larger tar residue, and allow tar and small particles of tar residue to enter the subsequent links.

[0033] The filter plate 25 is provided with a cleaning member 26, and the cleaning member 26 includes a mounting shell 261 connected to the mounting seat 252. The mounting shell 261 provides a relatively independent space for the cleaning process, ensuring that the cleaning work is carried out in an orderly manner, and is convenient for connection with the filter element 2 and other components. The upper end of the mounting shell 261 is provided with a feed hole 267 that docks with the discharge port of the filter element 2, and the lower end of the mounting shell 261 is provided with a discharge hole 268. The design of the feed hole 267 and the discharge hole 268 allows the tar cleaned by backwashing to impact the impeller 262 and be discharged; An impeller 262 is provided in the mounting shell 261, and a rotating shaft 263 is installed at one end of the impeller 262. The rotating shaft 263 is connected to the mounting seat 252 through a sealed bearing, and a connecting seat 264 is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft 263. A fixing bar 265 is installed on the outer periphery of the connecting seat 264, and a rubber scraper 266 is installed on the side of the fixing bar 265 close to the filter screen 254. The rubber scraper 266 fits the surface of the filter screen 254 and rotates under the impact of backwashing tar. The connecting seat 264 and the fixing bar 265 are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 263, so that the rubber scraper 266 cleans the surface of the filter screen 254, prevents impurities from accumulating and clogging the filter screen 254, ensures the filtering performance of the filter screen 254, and extends the service life of the filter screen 254. At the same time, the soft rubber material can better fit the surface of the filter screen 254, resulting in a better cleaning effect without damaging the filter screen 254.

[0034] The liquid storage cylinder 4 and the pair of the filter elements 2 are respectively provided with a liquid level sensor 41, and the liquid level sensor 41 grasps the liquid level in the liquid storage cylinder 4 and the filter element 2 in real time, and provides accurate liquid level data for the controller 42, so that the controller 42 can adjust the switch state of each valve group 7 in time according to the liquid level change to ensure the normal operation of the device. The liquid level sensor 41 can be provided on the liquid storage cylinder 4. The controller 42 can receive the signals from the liquid level sensor 41 and the flow meter 3, and control the booster pump 5, crusher 6, valve group 7, etc. according to the preset program to realize automatic control of the device, and adjust the working state of each component in time according to the actual operation of the system to ensure stable and efficient operation of the device, improve production efficiency and product quality, and at the same time, achieve non-stop production; A valve group 7 is provided between the centrifugal pump 1, the filter element 2, the flow meter 3, the liquid storage cylinder 4, the booster pump 5 and the crusher 6. The valve group 7 includes a first electric control valve 71, a second electric control valve 72, a third electric control valve 73, a fourth electric control valve 74, a fifth electric control valve 75, a sixth electric control valve 76, a seventh electric control valve 77, an eighth electric control valve 78, a ninth electric control valve 79 and a tenth electric control valve 791. Multiple electric control valves are respectively installed on different pipelines of the device to control the flow direction of the material. The electric control valves at various locations are opened and closed by the instructions of the controller 42, thereby regulating the flow of materials between different components.

[0035] The controller 42 is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor 41, the booster pump 5, the crusher 6, the valve group 7 and the flow meter 3. The flow meter 3 can monitor the flow of tar in real time and provide data support for the controller 42 so that the controller 42 can adjust and control the device according to the flow conditions to ensure the stability and accuracy of the feed; the booster pump 5 increases the pressure of the tar, transports the material in the liquid storage cylinder 4 back to the filter element 2 and impacts the impeller 262, so that the impeller 262 can drive the rubber scraper 266 to clean the filter screen 254; the crusher 6 can crush the large pieces of tar residue discharged from the filter element 2 to make its particles smaller, so that it is convenient to transport it back to the feed end of the centrifugal pump 1 through the pipeline for recycling, thereby avoiding blockage of the pipeline.

[0036] The discharge end of the centrifugal pump 1 is communicated with the feed end of the first filter assembly 21 and the feed end of the second filter assembly 22 respectively through a pipeline, the first electric control valve 71 is installed at the feed end of the first filter assembly 21, the second electric control valve 72 is installed at the feed end of the second filter assembly 22, the discharge ends of the pair of filters 2 are communicated with the feed end of the flow meter 3 respectively through pipelines, the third electric control valve 73 is installed at the discharge end of the first filter assembly 21, the fourth electric control valve 74 is installed at the discharge end of the second filter assembly 22, and the discharge end of the flow meter 3 is communicated with the feed end of the three-phase centrifuge 8 through a pipeline; The feed end of the liquid storage cylinder 4 is connected to the pipeline between the flow meter 3 and the three-phase centrifuge 8 through a pipeline, the fifth electric control valve 75 is installed at the feed end of the liquid storage barrel, the discharge end of the liquid storage cylinder 4 is connected to the feed end of the booster pump 5 through a pipeline, the discharge end of the booster pump 5 is respectively connected to a pair of pipelines between the filter element 2 and the flow meter 3 through pipelines, the sixth electric control valve 76 and the seventh electric control valve 77 are installed at the discharge end of the booster pump 5, the sixth electric control valve 76 is connected to the pipeline between the fourth electric control valve 74 and the second filter assembly 22 through a pipeline, and the seventh electric control valve 77 is connected to the pipeline between the third control valve and the first filter assembly 21 through a pipeline; The feed end of the crusher 6 is connected to the discharge end of the first filter component 21 and the second filter component 22 through pipelines respectively. The eighth electric control valve 78 is installed on the pipeline connecting the first filter component 21 and the crusher 6. The ninth electric control valve 79 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the second filter component 22 and the crusher 6. The discharge end of the crusher 6 is connected to the pipeline of the feed end of the centrifugal pump 1 through a pipeline. The tenth electric control valve 791 is installed on the pipeline between the crusher 6 and the centrifugal pump 1.

[0037] A method for preventing blocking of a feed blocking device of a three-phase centrifuge, comprising the following steps: The controller 42 controls the first electric control valve 71 and the third electric control valve 73 to open, and at the same time, controls the centrifugal pump 1 to open; The centrifugal pump 1 extracts tar from the previous process and transports it to the first filter assembly 21. After entering the first filter assembly 21, the tar first reaches the filter plate 25 area. When the tar flows through the filter screen 254, the large pieces of tar residue are intercepted on the surface of the filter screen 254, while the pure tar and small particles of oil residue pass through the filter screen 254 and continue to flow along the pipeline, and then flow into the flow meter 3 through the pipeline installed at this end. Under normal working conditions, the filtered tar passes through the flow meter 3 smoothly, and then enters the feed end of the three-phase centrifuge 8 along the pipeline, providing raw materials for the normal operation of the three-phase centrifuge 8; When the filter screen 254 of the first filter assembly 21 is clogged after a long period of filtration, the tar flow rate through the flow meter 3 is lower than the preset threshold value, and the signal processing module inside the flow meter 3 immediately detects this abnormality and sends a signal to the controller 42; The controller 42 controls the second electric control valve 72 and the fourth electric control valve 74 to open, and controls the first electric control valve 71 and the third electric control valve to close, so that the flow rate of the tar returns to normal; After returning to normal, the controller 42 controls the fifth electric control valve 75 to open, and the tar flowing into the three-phase centrifuge 8 will be diverted, with part flowing into the liquid storage cylinder 4. During the process of the tar flowing into the liquid storage cylinder 4, the liquid level sensor 41 continuously transmits the monitored liquid level signal to the controller 42. When the liquid level in the liquid storage cylinder 4 reaches a preset height, the liquid level sensor 41 sends a signal indicating that the liquid level is full to the controller 42, and the controller 42 controls the fifth electric control valve 75 to close. The controller 42 controls the seventh electric control valve 77 to open, and controls the booster pump 5 to start, and the booster pump 5 starts to operate; After the booster pump 5 pressurizes the tar in the liquid storage cylinder 4, the tar is transported to the first filter assembly 21 through a pipe connected to the discharge end of the booster pump 5. When the high-pressure tar impacts the impeller 262 in the first filter assembly 21, the impeller 262 begins to rotate at high speed under the impact of the tar. The impeller 262 drives the connecting seat 264 and the fixing bar 265 to rotate via the rotating shaft 263, thereby causing the rubber scraper 266 installed on the fixing bar 265 to perform a circular motion along the surface of the filter screen 254, forcefully cleaning the tar residue accumulated on the surface of the filter screen 254 and scraping off the material clogging the filter screen 254. When the liquid level sensor 41 detects that the liquid level in the first filter assembly 21 reaches a preset height, it sends a signal indicating that the liquid level is too high to the controller 42. The controller 42 controls the booster pump 5 to stop running, controls the seventh electric control valve 77 to close, controls the eighth electric control valve 78 to open, and controls the crusher 6 to start. The cleaned large tar residues are fed into the crusher 6 along with the tar for crushing. After a certain period of time, the controller 42 controls the crusher 6 to stop, controls the eighth electric control valve 78 to close, and controls the tenth electric control valve 791 to open. The crushed tar residues are fed into the discharge pipe of the booster pump 5 along with the tar. After the device has been running for a long time, when the flow meter 3 detects again that the tar flow rate is lower than the preset threshold, the flow meter 3 will again send a flow abnormality signal to the controller 42. After receiving the signal, the controller 42 will perform the same unblocking operation on the second filter component 22 according to the unblocking operation process for the first filter component 21 in the above steps. The controller 42 controls the first electric control valve 71, the third electric control valve 73, the fifth electric control valve 75, the sixth electric control valve 76 and the ninth electric control valve 79 to open, and the second electric control valve 72 and the fourth electric control valve 74 to close.

[0038] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device, characterized in that: It includes a centrifugal pump, a filter element, a flow meter, a liquid storage cylinder, a booster pump and a crusher. The discharge end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the feed end of a pair of the filter elements, the discharge end of a pair of the filter elements is connected to the feed end of the flow meter, the discharge end of the flow meter is connected to the feed end of the three-phase centrifuge, the feed end of the liquid storage cylinder is connected between the flow meter and the three-phase centrifuge, the discharge end of the liquid storage cylinder is connected to the feed end of the booster pump, the discharge end of the booster pump is respectively connected between the pair of the filter elements and the flow meter, the feed end of the crusher is respectively connected to the slag discharge end of a pair of the filter elements, and the discharge end of the crusher is connected to the feed end of the centrifugal pump.

2. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element includes a first filter assembly and a second filter assembly. The first filter assembly and the second filter assembly include a filter cartridge and an end cap connected to the filter cartridge. A filter plate is installed in the filter cartridge, and a cleaning element is provided on the filter plate.

3. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slag discharge end of the filter cartridge is provided with a slag collecting groove, which is funnel-shaped.

4. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter plate comprises an outer ring seat, a mounting seat is provided inside the outer ring seat, a fixing column is provided between the mounting seat and the inner wall of the outer ring seat, and a filter screen connected to the fixing column is installed on the outer ring seat.

5. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning piece includes a mounting shell connected to the mounting seat, an impeller is provided in the mounting shell, a rotating shaft is installed at one end of the impeller, a connecting seat is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft, a fixing strip is installed at the outer periphery of the connecting seat, and a rubber scraper is installed on the side of the fixing strip close to the filter screen.

6. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end portion of the installation shell is provided with a feed hole connected to the discharge port of the filter element, and the lower end portion of the installation shell is provided with a discharge hole.

7. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage cylinder and the pair of filter elements are respectively provided with liquid level sensors.

8. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid storage cylinder is provided with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor, the booster pump, the crusher and the flow meter.

9. The three-phase centrifuge feed anti-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve group is provided between the centrifugal pump, filter element, flow meter, liquid storage cylinder, booster pump and crusher, and the valve group includes a first electric control valve, a second electric control valve, a third electric control valve, a fourth electric control valve, a fifth electric control valve, a sixth electric control valve, a seventh electric control valve, an eighth electric control valve, a ninth electric control valve and a tenth electric control valve.

10. The anti-blocking method of the feed anti-blocking device for a three-phase centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The anti-blocking method comprises the following steps: Turning on the centrifugal pump to deliver the tar to the first filter assembly for filtration, and the filtered tar flows into the three-phase centrifuge through the flow meter; When the flow meter detects that the tar flow rate is lower than a preset threshold, a signal is sent to the controller; The controller controls the first filter assembly to close, the second filter assembly to open, and the liquid storage cylinder to start, so that part of the tar flows into the liquid storage cylinder; When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor on the liquid storage cylinder reaches a preset height, the booster pump delivers tar to the first filter assembly, and the cleaning component clears the filter screen; When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor on the first filter assembly reaches a preset height, the crusher crushes the large tar residue and returns it to the centrifugal pump; During operation of the device, if the flow meter detects again that the tar flow rate is lower than the preset threshold, the above steps are repeated to perform a blockage-clearing operation on the second filter component.

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