Disc screen for removing impurities of kitchen waste in hermetia illucens breeding

Abstract

The invention discloses a disc sieve which is mainly used for a kitchen waste impurity removal process in hermetia illucens cultivation. The disc screen mainly comprises an anti-winding smooth star-shaped disc, a square center shaft and a circular shaft sleeve. According to the smooth star-shaped disc, the diameter of the protruding part is 250-300 mm, the diameter of the inner ring is 40-60 mm smaller than that of the protruding part, the thickness of the disc is 10-20 mm, 6-8 smooth protrusions are arranged on the star-shaped disc, and scraping teeth are arranged on one of the protrusions and used for preventing a small number of objects from being possibly wound. The interiors of the smooth star-shaped discs and the shaft sleeves are of square structures and are connected in series through square shafts, and each square shaft is provided with 10-16 sets of discs which are sequentially connected with the shaft sleeves in a staggered mode. When the disc screen runs, to-be-treated materials cannot be wound around the edges of the disc, the shaft sleeve or the shaft, and impurities such as plastic and large bones in kitchen waste generated during hermetia illucens breeding can be efficiently screened out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment, and in particular to a disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste in black soldier fly breeding. Background Art

[0002] Food waste treatment is a crucial component of harmless household waste disposal. Due to its high organic matter and moisture content, and its propensity to harbor pathogens, food waste cannot be landfilled or incinerated with regular household waste and must be treated separately. Furthermore, due to its high biomass and nutrient content, a method for treating food waste has been developed using the farming of black soldier flies. Farming black soldier flies using food waste not only nearly completely consumes the biomass in the waste through their metabolism, effectively preventing the growth of pathogens and controlling odors, but also allows the farmed black soldier flies to be used in poultry farming and other fields, recycling the energy contained in food waste.

[0003] However, due to its unique source, food waste often contains plastic items like disposable dishes, gloves, and plastic bags, making it extremely unsuitable for black soldier fly farming. This also severely impacts the crushing and mixing of the waste. Unseparated plastic impurities and large, hard bones can severely impact the waste's post-fragmentation and the growth of black soldier fly larvae. Therefore, using black soldier fly farming to treat the various biomass organic matter in food waste requires technical means to separate impurities like plastic bags and bowls from large, unusable bones and other debris.

[0004] Disc screens are a highly efficient method for separating food waste. However, due to disc size and structure, existing disc screens are prone to entanglement and other serious issues when separating flexible debris such as plastics, significantly impacting the efficiency and stability of waste removal. Existing disc screens require regular removal of entangled debris, resulting in low waste removal efficiency and making them difficult to directly apply to food waste removal for black soldier fly farming.

[0005] In summary, completing the efficient screening of food waste is the premise and basis for realizing the treatment process of black soldier fly farming using food waste. Designing a food waste impurity remover for black soldier fly farming that can efficiently and stably remove impurities, which is used for the stable impurity removal of food waste for black soldier fly farming, is of great significance to improving the efficiency of black soldier fly farming and increasing the recycling rate of food waste. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the existing limitations of the disc screen for screening food waste in the background technology, the present invention designs a disc screen for removing impurities from food waste for black soldier fly farming. The disc screen disclosed in the present invention has the advantages of anti-entanglement and efficient screening. The disc screen for removing impurities from food waste for black soldier fly farming described in the present invention is achieved through the following technical means.

[0007] A kitchen waste disc screen for black soldier fly farming comprises smooth star-shaped discs, a square central shaft and a circular shaft sleeve.

[0008] Each of the smooth star-shaped discs is provided with 6-8 smooth protrusions, which are used to increase the vibration effect of the material to be screened when it moves on the disc, thereby improving the screening efficiency. The diameter of the protruding part of the smooth star-shaped disc is 250-300 mm, and the inner ring diameter is 40-60 mm smaller than the diameter of the protruding part. This can increase the movement distance of longer debris on the disc while achieving efficient screening, and prevent the debris from being entangled on the disc. The star-shaped structure design of the disc can also effectively prevent debris such as plastic bags from being hooked and entangled on the disc. The thickness of the smooth star-shaped disc is 10-20 mm. Among all the smooth protrusions of the smooth star-shaped disc, one of the smooth protrusions is provided with a scraping tooth. That is, there is only one scraping tooth on a disc, which not only meets the need to scrape off some of the debris wrapped around the shaft sleeve, but also prevents the debris from being hooked and entangled on the disc, and prevents some debris from being hooked on the scraping teeth during the screening process.

[0009] The smooth star-shaped disc features a square structure with smoothed vertices, and is mounted in series with the sleeve on a square central shaft. The square holes and central shaft design of the smooth star-shaped disc facilitate its removal and replacement, while also increasing the force applied to the disc during central shaft rotation, reducing wear on the disc.

[0010] The smooth star-shaped discs are installed on the central shaft using spacers between them. The sleeves are circular in shape with an outer diameter of 200-250 mm, and their internal dimensions match the inner diameter of the discs. The sleeves are divided into a main sleeve and an offset sleeve. The main sleeve is 300-400 mm long, while the offset sleeve is half the length of the main sleeve. The main sleeve controls the spacing between the two discs, while the offset sleeve allows for staggered installation of the discs between the two sleeves. This allows the discs on the first central shaft to be staggered and interdigitated with the discs between the adjacent sleeves.

[0011] The two center axes of the staggered and crossed discs form a basic screening unit, and a disc screen is formed by connecting several basic screening units in series.

[0012] A buffer device is installed at each end of each central shaft. The buffer device is an embedded spring-type sleeve fixed between the central shaft and the edge of the disc screen, and is characterized in that a number of springs are installed around the central shaft inside the sleeve, and buffer plates are installed at both ends of the springs. Under the combined action of the springs and buffer plates, on the one hand, the springs and buffer plates can complete the limiting fixation and elastic control of the disc and the sleeve under the action of elastic force, and on the other hand, they can reduce the mechanical wear of the end of the central shaft, thereby indirectly avoiding the loosening of the sleeve and the disc. The outer diameter of the spring-type sleeve is consistent with the diameter of the raised part of the smooth star-shaped disc, which can increase the movement distance of impurities at the edge of the central shaft and reduce the probability of impurities entangled at the edge of the central shaft.

[0013] The disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste from black soldier fly farming described in the present invention has a shaft sleeve, a buffer device and a disc coated with a smooth coating, which is used to reduce the friction of the contact part of the screening device with the waste to be processed, reduce the adhesion of impurities, and avoid the entanglement of impurities.

[0014] The disc screen designed by the present invention is used for removing impurities from kitchen waste used for black soldier fly farming. Due to its smooth star-shaped disc structure and size design, it has the characteristics of high screening efficiency and anti-entanglement. It can be widely used for removing impurities from kitchen waste before black soldier fly farming, and can complete the removal of components in kitchen waste that are difficult to be used by black soldier flies, such as plastic impurities and large bones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The anti-winding disc screen screening device structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a smooth star-shaped disc structure; Figure 3 It is a buffer sleeve structure; Figure 4 This is a design diagram for implementing Case 2.

[0016] The captions are as follows: 1-smooth star-shaped disc, 11-scraper teeth, 12-smooth protrusions, 13-square holes; 2-square center shaft; 3-sleeve, 31-main shaft sleeve, 32-offset sleeve; 4-buffer sleeve, 41-spring, 42-buffer plate (base with retaining spring); 5-housing; 6-screening device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Implementation Case 1 Now, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a disc screen designed by the present invention for removing impurities from kitchen waste for black soldier fly farming is explained in more detail. It should be pointed out that this specific implementation case is only a relevant explanation of the present invention, and its purpose is to explain the design principles and design details of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the technical principles described in the present invention.

[0018] Combine Figure 1 A disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste from black soldier fly farming, wherein the key innovative technology lies in its smooth star-shaped discs and square center shaft. The disc screen mainly comprises a smooth star-shaped disc (1), a square center shaft (2), a shaft sleeve (3) and a buffer shaft sleeve (4), wherein the shaft sleeve (3) is divided into a main shaft sleeve (31) for completing the interval control between the two discs and a staggered shaft sleeve (32) for completing the interval control between the two discs. Figure 1 The two square central shafts (2) connected in series with smooth star-shaped discs (1), main shaft sleeves (31), offset shaft sleeves (32) and buffer shaft sleeves (4) constitute a screening unit. The plurality of screening units are connected in parallel and in series to form a disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste for black soldier fly farming. The disc screen is characterized in that the smooth star-shaped discs (1) are staggeredly installed on the square central shaft (2), and buffer shaft sleeves (4) are installed at both ends of the square central shaft (2) to complete the fixation of the smooth star-shaped discs (1) and the shaft sleeves (3), thereby reducing mechanical wear between the side surface of the square central shaft and the side wall of the disc screen housing and preventing impurities from being entangled on the edge of the square central shaft.

[0019] Combine Figure 2 The smooth star-shaped disc (1) has a star-shaped structure on the outside and is provided with 8 smooth protrusions (12) on the outside, wherein a scraping tooth (11) is installed on the top of one of the smooth protrusions. A square hole (13) is provided in the middle of the disc, and the size of the square hole is the same as that of the square central axis (2). During the continuous rotation of the smooth star-shaped disc (1) on the central axis (2), the smooth protrusions (12) continuously vibrate and screen the food waste to be processed while preventing the entanglement of debris, driving the food waste to be processed to continuously move forward in the direction of rotation of the square central axis (2) and continuously screen, thereby completing the continuous screening of the garbage. The thickness of the smooth star-shaped disc is controlled to be 10-20 mm, and the surface is coated with a smooth material. The cross-section is relatively flat, which can avoid unnecessary crushing of the food waste during the screening process. A scraping tooth (11) is installed on the top of the smooth protrusion on the disc, which can scrape out a small amount of impurities attached to or wrapped around the shaft sleeve, and because only one scraping tooth is provided on a disc, the material will not be hooked or entangled on the scraping tooth.

[0020] Combine Figure 3The buffer sleeve (4) installed at both ends of the square central axis (2) mainly comprises springs (41) arranged around the center and buffer plates (42) with spring bases installed on both sides of the buffer sleeve (4). The feature is that the outer diameter of the buffer sleeve is the same as the maximum outer diameter of the star-shaped disc (1). Under the combined action of the spring (41) and the buffer plate (42), the buffer sleeve (4) can, on the one hand, clamp the disc (1) and the sleeve (3) in corresponding positions to prevent the device from changing during operation. On the other hand, the buffer sleeve (4) completes the filling of the edge of the square central axis, which can effectively prevent impurities in the food waste to be processed from being entangled at the edge of the junction between the square central axis (2) and the shell.

[0021] The disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste from black soldier fly farming, as described in the present invention, can efficiently complete the screening of flexible debris or large debris such as plastics and wine bottles in kitchen waste through the combined action of a square central shaft (2), a smooth star-shaped disc (1), a shaft sleeve (3) and a buffer device (4), and is of great significance in removing impurities from kitchen waste, especially in removing impurities from kitchen waste from black soldier fly farming.

[0022] Implementation Case 2 Combine Figure 4 , the present invention is designed as Figure 1 The basic screening units shown are assembled in parallel multiple times to form Figure 4 The disc screen mainly comprises a housing (5) and a screening device (6). The plane of the housing (5) on which the screening device is installed is inclined at 30° to the horizontal plane, and the screening device (6) is installed above the housing.

[0023] When the device described in Example 2 is in operation, the square center axis of the screening device (6) is as follows Figure 4 The device rotates counterclockwise from the perspective of the device, driving the food waste to be processed to continuously move from the bottom of the slope where the screening device is located to the top of the slope. The smooth star-shaped disc on the central axis of the screening device (6) completes the anti-entanglement movement of the food waste to be processed, thereby increasing its vibration effect. The 30° slope design can effectively utilize part of the gravity to complete the screening of the waste to be processed, thereby increasing the effective distance of the screening device and improving the screening effect.

[0024] according to Figure 4 The disc screen designed in the schematic diagram is used for removing impurities from kitchen waste from black soldier fly farming. During actual application, there is no entanglement between the screening devices. Its star-shaped structure design enables it to have a good vibration effect during operation. The single scraping tooth design ensures normal scraping without causing any debris to be hooked or entangled.

[0025] The present invention discloses a disc screen for removing impurities from food waste from black soldier fly farming. Its application is not limited to specific food waste removal applications, but also has promising application prospects in front-end food waste treatment, such as microbial anaerobic fermentation. The present invention addresses the problem of conventional disc screens being easily entangled by flexible impurities such as plastic bags during the screening process through the structural and dimensional design of the discs. The square central axis design addresses the stress and wear issues of the discs and sleeves. The buffer design reduces mechanical wear and reduces the problem of impurities entangled at both ends of the central axis. The disc screen designed in the present invention has broad application prospects in the field of food waste removal and processing, particularly in the field of food waste removal from black soldier fly farming.

Claims

1. A disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste in black soldier fly farming, comprising a smooth star-shaped disc that prevents winding, a square central axis, a circular shaft sleeve, and buffer devices at both ends of the central axis.

2. According to claim 1, the interior of the smooth star-shaped disc is a square structure with smoothed vertices, and 6-8 smooth protrusions are set on the outside of the disc. The diameter of the protrusion part of the smooth star-shaped disc is 250-300 mm, the inner ring diameter is 40-60 mm smaller than the diameter of the protrusion part, and the disc thickness is 10-20 mm.

3. The smooth star-shaped disc according to claim 2, characterized in that: Among all the smooth protrusions, one of the smooth protrusions is provided with a scraping tooth.

4. According to claim 1, the square center axis is a structure with smoothed edges, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the central shaft is the same as the size of the internal square structure of the disc.

5. According to claim 1, the outer part of the sleeve is a circular structure with an outer diameter of 200-250 mm, the internal structure is consistent with the disc, the length of the main sleeve is 300-400 mm, and the length of the offset sleeve is half of the length of the main sleeve.

6. According to claim 1, the buffer device is installed at both ends of the central axis, characterized in that: The buffer device is an embedded spring-type sleeve fixed between the central axis and the edge of the disc screen. A plurality of springs are installed around the central axis inside the sleeve, and buffer plates are installed at both ends of the springs.

7. According to claim 6, the outer diameter of the buffer device is consistent with the diameter of the protruding portion of the disk.

8. A disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste for black soldier fly farming according to claim 1 to claim 7, characterized in that: The shaft sleeve and the disc are installed on the central shaft in a staggered manner in sequence, and the staggered shaft sleeve is used to complete the staggered position of the disc between the two central shafts.

9. A disc screen for removing impurities from kitchen waste for black soldier fly farming according to claim 1 to claim 8, characterized in that: The surfaces of the shaft sleeve, the smooth star-shaped disc and the buffer device are all coated with smooth paint.

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