Anaerobic biological reaction system and process

Abstract

The invention relates to an anaerobic biological reaction system and process, and the anaerobic biological reaction system comprises a starting module, a multi-layer reaction module and a biogas recovery module which are communicated with one another; wastewater flows to the multi-layer reaction module from the starting module; the water outlet tail end of the multi-layer reaction module is communicated with a biogas recovery module; target strains in the wastewater flowing through the starting module can be activated; the multi-layer reaction module comprises a hydrolytic acidification area, an acid production fermentation area and a biogas production area which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, and the hydrolytic acidification area, the acid production fermentation area and the biogas production area are all honeycomb reaction cavities; hydrolytic bacteria are loaded in the hydrolytic acidification area, acetic acid bacteria are loaded in the acid-producing fermentation area, and high-activity methanogens are loaded in the biogas producing area; the honeycomb-shaped reaction cavity comprises a plurality of six-prismatic channels which are arranged in parallel and vertically run through; the system has the beneficial effects that the starting efficiency and the system stability of the anaerobic biological reaction system can be improved, and the water treatment efficiency of the system is integrally improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to an anaerobic biological reaction system and process. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the amount of organic wastewater generated is increasing. Traditional wastewater treatment methods include physical, chemical, and biological treatment. Among them, anaerobic digestion has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to convert organic matter into biogas (primarily methane) while simultaneously reducing sludge production. However, existing anaerobic treatment systems face many challenges, such as startup speed and operational stability.

[0003] Taking the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) as an example, during anaerobic digestion, the establishment and activity recovery of the microbial community is a slow process, which greatly limits the system's startup speed. Secondly, different types of microorganisms have different requirements for environmental conditions, such as pH, redox potential, and volatile fatty acid concentration. Changes in these parameters can lead to imbalances in certain stages of the metabolic process, thereby affecting the stability and efficiency of the entire system. In addition, the suspended solids in the influent of the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket need to be properly controlled and should not be too high; short-circuiting occurs within the sludge blanket, affecting treatment capacity; and the reaction temperature range is narrow and difficult to control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an anaerobic biological reaction system and process, which solve the technical problems of poor stability and low treatment efficiency of the prior reaction system.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anaerobic biological reaction system, comprising a start-up module, a multi-layer reaction module, and a biogas recovery module, which are interconnected; wastewater flows from the start-up module to the multi-layer reaction module; and the water outlet end of the multi-layer reaction module is connected to the biogas recovery module;

[0009] The target bacteria in the wastewater flowing through the startup module can be activated; the multi-layer reaction module includes a hydrolysis and acidification zone, an acidogenic fermentation zone and a biogas production zone connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acidogenic fermentation zone and the biogas production zone are all honeycomb reaction chambers; the hydrolysis and acidification zone is loaded with hydrolytic bacteria, the acidogenic fermentation zone is loaded with acetic acid bacteria, and the biogas production zone is loaded with highly active methanogens, and the wastewater flows through the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acidogenic fermentation zone and the biogas production zone in sequence; the honeycomb reaction chamber includes a plurality of hexagonal channels arranged in parallel and vertically connected; the target bacteria are determined according to the type of wastewater to assist the multi-layer reaction module in decomposing the main pollutants in the wastewater.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic biological reaction system has a plurality of plates distributed spirally at intervals along the direction of water movement inside the starting module. The plates are arranged perpendicular to the direction of water movement, and nano-carrier materials are distributed on both sides of the plates for the target bacteria to attach to.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent diameter of the hexagonal channel of the anaerobic biological reaction system tends to gradually decrease from both ends to the middle; the honeycomb reaction cavity corresponding to the hydrolysis and acidification zone is loaded with hydrolytic bacteria by filling zeolite particles; the honeycomb reaction cavity corresponding to the acid production and fermentation zone is loaded with acetic acid bacteria by filling activated carbon; and the honeycomb reaction cavity corresponding to the biogas production zone is loaded with highly active methanogens by filling bioceramic particles.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic biological reaction system further includes a master controller, which is used to control the anaerobic biological reaction system.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic biological reaction system, the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acid production and fermentation zone and the biogas production zone are distributed in sequence at designated intervals, and the water outlets of the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acid production and fermentation zone and the biogas production zone are all provided with online monitoring equipment, which is connected to the main controller by signal; the water inlets of the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acid production and fermentation zone and the biogas production zone are all provided with reagent replenishment pipelines, which are connected to the main controller by signal; the main controller controls the reagent replenishment pipelines in the corresponding areas to replenish the required reagents into the honeycomb reaction cavity above them based on the monitoring results fed back by the online monitoring equipment.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the online monitoring equipment of the anaerobic biological reaction system includes a pH sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential probe, a volatile fatty acid analyzer, an ammonia nitrogen analyzer, and a dissolved oxygen analyzer.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic biological reaction system is provided with independently controlled heating elements on the outer circumference of the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acid production and fermentation zone, and the biogas production zone; the online monitoring equipment also includes a temperature sensor, and the main controller controls the operation of the heating elements in the corresponding areas based on the monitoring results fed back by the temperature sensor.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic biological reaction system is provided with a backwash system at the outlet of the hydrolysis and acidification zone; the backwash system is connected to the main controller by signal; a fine filter grid is provided at the water inlet of the hydrolysis and acidification zone, and a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the multi-layer reaction module; the main controller controls the backwash system to flush the hydrolysis and acidification zone and the fine filter grid, and the sewage outlet is used to discharge the sewage generated by backwashing.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biogas recovery module of the anaerobic biological reaction system is an umbrella-shaped recovery cover with openings at both ends, and the edge of the larger opening of the umbrella-shaped recovery cover extends downward into the water surface of the water outlet of the multi-layer reaction module to collect the biogas generated by the multi-layer reaction module.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anaerobic biological reaction process, which uses the anaerobic biological reaction system and includes the following steps:

[0019] S1, pretreatment stage, wastewater first passes through the screen to remove large suspended solids, and then enters the grit chamber or flotation device for further purification;

[0020] S2. The purified wastewater flows into the startup module to accelerate the activation of target microorganisms in the wastewater;

[0021] S3. The wastewater carrying the activated target microorganisms flows into the multi-layer reaction module and enters the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acid production and fermentation zone, and the biogas production zone in sequence, where the organic matter in the wastewater is decomposed into biogas.

[0022] S4. Recovering the biogas and effluent, the recovered effluent undergoes downstream water treatment steps, the recovered biogas is used for power generation or heat supply, and the generated electrical energy or heat energy is used for the anaerobic biological reaction system.

[0023] (3) Beneficial effects

[0024] The present invention provides the following beneficial effects: The anaerobic bioreactor system and process utilize a startup module, enabling rapid activation of target bacteria in wastewater flowing through the module, with the activation process completed within a few weeks. This significantly improves flexibility and cost-effectiveness in engineering applications. This significantly reduces startup time; the startup module also mitigates the impact of environmental changes on the microbial community, maintaining stable system operation. The wastewater, carrying the activated target bacteria, then enters the multi-layered reaction module, which then provides additional layers of different reactive bacterial communities, further improving reaction efficiency. The wastewater sequentially flows through the hydrolysis and acidification zone, the acidification and fermentation zone, and the biogas production zone of the multi-layered reaction module to complete the anaerobic bioreaction and produce biogas. The multi-layered reaction module divides the reaction zones according to the decomposition process of organic matter, facilitating precise control of the reaction process, achieving step-by-step degradation of organic matter, improving treatment efficiency, reducing the accumulation of intermediate products, preventing system crashes, and enhancing the stability of the reaction system. Compared to existing technologies, this system can improve the startup efficiency and system stability of the anaerobic bioreactor system, thereby enhancing the overall water treatment efficiency of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an anaerobic biological reaction system according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along CC;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along BB;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 3D schematic diagram of

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0032] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0033] 1: Start-up module; 11: Plate; 2: Multi-layer reaction module; 20: Backwash system; 21: Hydrolysis and acidification zone; 22: Acid production and fermentation zone; 23: Biogas production zone; 24: Online monitoring equipment; 25: Reagent replenishment pipeline; 26: Heating element; 27: Fine filtration grid; 28: Overflow weir; 29: Sewage outlet; 201: Mesh; 3: Biogas recovery module; 4: Hexagonal channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] See also Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment provides an anaerobic biological reaction system, which specifically includes a start-up module 1 and a multi-layer reaction module 2 connected to each other. The end of the multi-layer reaction module 2 is connected to a water outlet module and a biogas recovery module 3.

[0038] Wherein, a plurality of plates 11 are distributed in a spiral interval along the direction of water movement inside the starting module 1, and the plates 11 are arranged perpendicular to the direction of water movement. When the plates 11 are arranged in this way, during the initial water adding stage, water flows into the starting module 1 from the hollow area of ​​the spiral structure and will not directly impact the surface of the plates 11. When the starting module 1 is filled with wastewater and in circulation, the water flow in the starting module 1 can gently contact the surface of the plates 11, reducing the impact of the water flow on the plates 11, which is conducive to the attachment of bacteria. Nano-carrier materials are distributed on both sides of the plates 11 for the attachment of target bacteria, with the purpose of preliminarily activating microorganisms and preparing for subsequent entry into the multi-layer reaction module 2. The nano-carrier materials are selected from nano-carbon fibers, graphene, zeolite nanoparticles, etc., and the nano-carrier materials can be fixed to form a film on both sides of the plates 11 by an adhesive. The use of nano-carrier materials provides a larger surface area for microorganisms to attach and grow, thereby accelerating the colonization speed of microorganisms. You can also add target bacterial activators, specific activators, such as trace metal ions (such as iron, nickel, etc.), signal molecules (such as acetate, propionate, etc.), etc. These substances can stimulate dormant microorganisms to quickly recover and enter an active metabolic state, accelerating the attachment and activity recovery of target microorganisms.

[0039] Nanocarrier materials can buffer the impact of external environmental changes on microbial communities and maintain the stable operation of the system.

[0040] Microbial colonization primarily occurs on nanocarrier materials, accelerating their attachment and proliferation, thereby speeding up the startup of the anaerobic reaction system. The target microorganisms are determined by the type of water being treated. For example, when treating oil-rich food processing wastewater, microorganisms that excel at breaking down lipids can be prioritized for cultivation.

[0041] The multi-layer reaction module 2 comprises three honeycomb-shaped reaction chambers arranged sequentially along the water flow direction (possibly from bottom to top). The first layer is the hydrolysis and acidification zone 21, filled with zeolite particles (loaded with hydrolytic bacteria). Here, the hydrolytic bacteria primarily decompose complex organic matter into simple organic acids and other small molecular compounds, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs), alcohols, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. Zeolite with a large porosity and high specific surface area is selected as a carrier to promote the attachment and growth of hydrolytic bacteria.

[0042] The honeycomb reaction chamber is composed of multiple hexagonal channels, which are arranged tightly and without gaps, similar to the structure of a natural beehive, to avoid water short-circuiting. Each hexagonal channel is an independent reaction unit, ensuring the uniform distribution of water and gas, and the water can fully contact the filling carrier loaded with microorganisms. Figures 5 to 7 The equivalent diameter of the hexagonal channel 4 tends to gradually decrease from both ends to the middle. The diameter-changing treatment of the hexagonal channel 4 is used to change the water flow pattern. In the area with a smaller equivalent diameter of the hexagonal channel 4, the water flow is fast and the pressure is high, which increases the collision and contact between the pollutants and the bacteria in the water flow and enhances mass transfer; in the area with a larger equivalent diameter of the hexagonal channel 4, the water flow is slow, which can increase the contact time. In addition, the hexagonal channel 4 is designed to be thick at both ends and thin in the middle, which facilitates the transfer of water flow to the next processing link in a smooth state. At the same time, it also facilitates the filling and removal of the carrier (not shown in the figure) filled inside it. Different layers of honeycomb reaction chambers are separated by a certain space, and the water flow is mixed into a homogeneous state before entering the honeycomb reaction chamber of the next layer.

[0043] The second layer is the acid-producing fermentation zone 22, filled with activated carbon as a carrier (loaded with acetic acid bacteria), where the acetic acid bacteria are cultivated. The acetic acid bacteria then convert the intermediate products into short-chain fatty acids such as acetic acid, as well as small amounts of alcohols, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. Activated carbon has excellent adsorption capacity and a large specific surface area, which helps enhance the activity of acetic acid bacteria.

[0044] The third layer, the biogas production zone 23, is filled with bioceramic particles (loaded with highly active methanogens). These bacteria convert the simple organic acids (primarily acetic acid), hydrogen, and carbon dioxide produced in the first two steps into methane and carbon dioxide. Bioceramics, due to their high mechanical strength and chemical stability, as well as their regular pore structure, effectively prevent sludge from embedding and clogging, facilitating subsequent biogas collection and providing an ideal attachment surface for methanogens.

[0045] The filling materials in the multi-layer reaction module 2 are fixed in the corresponding reaction chamber by the mesh 201, and the mesh 201 can be replaced.

[0046] Heating elements 26 are installed around the perimeter of each of the three honeycomb-shaped reaction chambers, heating each layer to its optimal reaction temperature to ensure efficient reaction at each layer and adapt to different water treatment environments. The heat source for heating elements 26 comes from waste heat from recycled biogas power generation or heat generated by biogas combustion.

[0047] It should be noted that an automatic backwashing system 20 is set up on the upper part of the first hydrolysis and acidification zone 21 to regularly remove surface attachments and avoid clogging caused by small particles of sludge. The backwashing system 20 can be a uniformly distributed nozzle to ensure that the distance between adjacent nozzles is moderate, which can not only ensure that the entire filling area is covered, but also avoid waste caused by excessive overlap. The second-layer acid production and fermentation zone 22 has larger gaps between its particles, which is conducive to maintaining good permeability. If necessary, activated carbon blocks with larger particle sizes can also be used to reduce the risk of clogging. In the third-layer biogas production zone 23, the rising process of the gas produced during the methane production process will form a natural stirring effect on the filler layer, which helps to prevent sludge deposition.

[0048] In addition, in order to prevent excessive solid particles from entering the three-layer honeycomb reaction chamber, a fine filter grid 27 is provided below the first layer of the honeycomb reaction chamber to further intercept the particles. A sewage outlet 29 is provided below the fine filter grid 27. The fine filter grid 27 can be flushed with the help of an automatic backwashing system 20 provided on the upper part of the first layer of the hydrolysis and acidification zone 21. The flushed particles are discharged through the sewage outlet 29 to ensure that the three-layer honeycomb reaction chamber is not blocked.

[0049] The overflow weir 28 at the top of the multi-layer reaction module 2 collects the liquid after the reaction and guides the effluent to continue the subsequent water treatment steps. An umbrella-shaped recovery cover (biogas recovery module 3) is set inside the multi-layer reaction module 2 and above the third-layer biogas production area 23. The edge of the larger opening of the umbrella-shaped recovery cover extends downward under the water surface of the water outlet of the multi-layer reaction module 2 to collect the biogas produced by the multi-layer reaction module 2. The upper end of the umbrella-shaped recovery cover is higher than the overflow weir 28, which is conducive to the convergence of biogas at the top of the umbrella-shaped recovery cover and then recovery. The outer edge of the overflow weir 28 is horizontally beyond the outer edge of the heating element 26 to protect the heating element 26.

[0050] A reagent replenishment line 25 is installed at the bottom of each honeycomb reaction chamber to replenish the corresponding bacterial strains, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents to maintain system balance. Multiple outlets are located at the end of the reagent replenishment line 25 to facilitate uniform distribution of the reagents within the honeycomb reaction chamber. Check valves can be used at the outlets to automatically close after the bacterial agent is replenished.

[0051] The anaerobic biological reaction system also includes an intelligent control module, which is an intelligent feedback control system (IFC). The control module includes an online monitoring device 24 and a master controller. The online monitoring device 24 includes a pH sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) probe, a volatile fatty acid (VFA) analyzer, an ammonia nitrogen analyzer, a dissolved oxygen (DO) analyzer, and a temperature sensor, etc., which are arranged at the upper part (water outlet) of each layer of the honeycomb reaction cavity to monitor the water outlet status and reaction conditions of each layer of the honeycomb reaction cavity, and to adjust the reaction conditions of each layer in a timely manner to achieve precise control and realize efficient anaerobic reaction. Of course, if necessary, an online monitoring device 24 can be synchronously set at the lower part (water inlet) of each layer of the honeycomb reaction cavity. The online monitoring device 24 transmits the monitoring results to the master controller, and the master controller gives processing instructions based on the monitoring results. According to the processing instructions, the corresponding reagent is replenished from the reagent replenishment pipeline 25. The specific replenishment of the reagent type, dosage, etc. refer to the existing technology and will not be described here.

[0052] The intelligent control module is used to control different areas of the multi-layer reaction module 2, which can accurately adjust the reaction conditions of different treatment links and improve the stability of the entire system and the water treatment efficiency.

[0053] The outlet water temperature measured by the temperature sensor reflects the temperature inside the honeycomb reaction cavity. When heating is required, the main controller sends a heating instruction to the heating element 26 on the periphery of the corresponding honeycomb reaction cavity to heat the outside of the reaction cavity until the temperature inside the reaction cavity reaches the standard to ensure that the microorganisms are in the best working condition.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment provides an anaerobic biological reaction process, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] (1) In the pretreatment stage, the wastewater first passes through a screen to remove large suspended solids, and then enters a grit chamber or flotation device for further purification. The purified wastewater flows into the startup module 1 to accelerate microbial attachment and activity recovery.

[0057] (2) The effluent from the start-up module 1 enters the hydrolysis and acidification zone 21, the acid production and fermentation zone 22, and the biogas production zone 23 in sequence. In each stage, a specific type of microorganism completes the corresponding metabolic process.

[0058] (3) The generated biogas rises and gathers, and is eventually recovered by the biogas recovery module 3. The effluent from the biogas production area 23 flows into the downstream water treatment step through the overflow weir 28 located at the top.

[0059] After recovery, biogas can be used to generate electricity or provide heat. The generated electricity or heat can be used to power or heat the anaerobic biological reaction system, thus realizing the effective utilization of resources.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anaerobic biological reaction system, characterized in that: It comprises a start-up module (1), a multi-layer reaction module (2) and a biogas recovery module (3) which are connected to each other; Wastewater flows from the start-up module (1) to the multi-layer reaction module (2); The water outlet end of the multi-layer reaction module (2) is connected to a biogas recovery module (3); The target bacteria in the wastewater flowing through the start-up module (1) can be activated; The multi-layer reaction module (2) includes, from bottom to top, a hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), an acid-producing and fermentation zone (22), and a biogas-producing zone (23) which are sequentially connected. The hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid-producing and fermentation zone (22), and the biogas-producing zone (23) are all honeycomb-shaped reaction chambers. The hydrolysis and acidification zone (21) is loaded with hydrolytic bacteria, the acid-producing and fermentation zone (22) is loaded with acetic acid bacteria, and the biogas-producing zone (23) is loaded with highly active methanogens. Wastewater flows through the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid-producing and fermentation zone (22), and the biogas-producing zone (23) in sequence. The honeycomb reaction chamber includes a plurality of hexagonal channels (4) arranged in parallel and vertically penetrating therethrough; The target bacteria species are determined according to the type of wastewater to assist the multi-layer reaction module (2) in decomposing the main pollutants in the wastewater.

2. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of plates (11) are distributed in a spiral arrangement along the direction of water movement inside the starting module (1). The plates (11) are arranged perpendicular to the direction of water movement. Nano-carrier materials are distributed on both sides of the plates (11) for target bacteria to attach to.

3. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 1, wherein: The equivalent diameter of the hexagonal channel (4) gradually decreases from both ends to the middle; The honeycomb reaction cavity corresponding to the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21) is loaded with hydrolytic bacteria by filling zeolite particles; The honeycomb-shaped reaction cavity corresponding to the acid-producing fermentation zone (22) is loaded with acetic acid bacteria by filling activated carbon; The honeycomb reaction cavity corresponding to the biogas production area (23) is loaded with highly active methanogens by filling bioceramic particles.

4. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 1, wherein The utility model also comprises a master controller, which is used for controlling the anaerobic biological reaction system.

5. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 4, wherein: The hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid-producing and fermentation zone (22), and the biogas production zone (23) are sequentially spaced apart and distributed in a designated space. The outlets of the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid-producing and fermentation zone (22), and the biogas production zone (23) are all provided with online monitoring equipment (24), and the online monitoring equipment (24) is connected to the main controller signal. The water inlets of the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid production and fermentation zone (22) and the biogas production zone (23) are all provided with reagent replenishment pipelines (25), and the reagent replenishment pipelines (25) are connected to the main controller signal; The main controller controls the reagent replenishment pipeline (25) in the corresponding area to replenish the required reagent into the honeycomb reaction cavity above it according to the monitoring result fed back by the online monitoring device (24).

6. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 5, wherein: The online monitoring equipment (24) includes a pH sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential probe, a volatile fatty acid analyzer, an ammonia nitrogen analyzer, and a dissolved oxygen analyzer.

7. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 5, wherein: Independently controlled heating elements (26) are provided on the outer circumference of the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid production and fermentation zone (22), and the biogas production zone (23); The online monitoring device (24) further comprises a temperature sensor, and the main controller controls the operation of the heating element (26) in the corresponding area according to the monitoring result fed back by the temperature sensor.

8. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 4, wherein: A backwash system (20) is provided at the outlet of the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21); The backwash system (20) is connected to the main controller signal; A fine filter grid (27) is provided at the water inlet of the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), and a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the multi-layer reaction module (2); The main controller controls the backwashing system (20) to flush the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21) and the fine filter grid (27), and the sewage outlet is used to discharge sewage generated by the backwashing.

9. The anaerobic bioreactor system according to claim 1, wherein: The biogas recovery module (3) is an umbrella-shaped recovery cover with openings at both ends, and the edge of the larger opening of the umbrella-shaped recovery cover extends downwardly into the water surface of the water outlet of the multi-layer reaction module (2) to collect the biogas generated by the multi-layer reaction module (2).

10. An anaerobic biological reaction process, characterized in that: The anaerobic bioreactor system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment stage, wastewater first passes through the screen to remove large suspended solids, and then enters the grit chamber or flotation device for further purification; S2, the purified wastewater flows into the start-up module (1) to accelerate the activation of target microorganisms in the wastewater; S3, the wastewater carrying the activated target microorganisms flows into the multi-layer reaction module (2), and then enters the hydrolysis and acidification zone (21), the acid production and fermentation zone (22) and the biogas production zone (23) in sequence, decomposing the organic matter in the wastewater into biogas; S4. Recovering the biogas and effluent, the recovered effluent undergoes downstream water treatment steps, the recovered biogas is used for power generation or heat supply, and the generated electrical energy or heat energy is used for the anaerobic biological reaction system.

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