Support structure, 110 construction method and support method of N00 construction method

Abstract

The disclosure provides a supporting structure, a supporting method of a 110 working method and a N00 working method, and relates to the technical field of coal mining. The supporting structure comprises a roof, a floor, a first side plate and a second side plate. The roof is provided with a plurality of cut seam holes at two ends in the width direction of the supporting structure and a plurality of anchor cable holes in the middle region. The floor is arranged opposite to the roof in the height direction of the supporting structure. One end of the first side plate is detachably connected to one end of the roof, and the other end of the first side plate is rotatably connected to one end of the floor, and the first side plate can be stacked on the floor by rotating. A plurality of first anchor rod holes and a plurality of first installation grooves are arranged on the first side plate. The second side plate is arranged opposite to the first side plate in the width direction. One end of the second side plate is detachably connected to the other end of the roof, and the other end of the second side plate is rotatably connected to the other end of the floor, and the second side plate can be stacked on the floor by rotating. A plurality of second anchor rod holes and a plurality of second installation grooves are arranged on the second side plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular, to a supporting structure, a 110 method and a supporting method of a N00 method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase of mining depth of mine, the disaster accidents caused by large deformation of deep roadway surrounding rock are increasingly serious. The excavation of coal seam and the setting of coal pillar will lead to stress concentration of surrounding rock, and the setting of coal pillar is also a waste of increasingly consumed coal resources.

[0003] In this regard, the 110 / N00 method of self-forming roadway without coal pillar utilizes active roof cutting to expand the caving height of goaf, utilizes the self-crushing and swelling characteristics of caving rock mass to fill the goaf, reduces the movement space of overlying strata, and simultaneously utilizes the caving rock mass and the mine pressure to automatically form a roadway, cancels the setting of coal pillar, realizes the balance control of rock strata during mining activities, and forms a new mode of balanced mining of self-forming roadway without coal pillar, which saves resources and protects the environment.

[0004] However, in the process of implementing the 110 / N00 method, the site construction of each process of roadway supporting is less related, some processes affect each other during construction, the types of supporting materials required by each process are more, and the subsequent roadway standardization forming has large engineering quantity.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore can include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a supporting structure, a 110 method and a supporting method of a N00 method.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a full-precast concrete modular supporting structure for a 110 method and a N00 method roadway is provided, the supporting structure comprising:

[0008] a roof, the roof being provided with a plurality of cutting seam holes at both ends in the width direction of the supporting structure, and a plurality of anchor cable holes in the middle region;

[0009] a bottom plate, the bottom plate being oppositely arranged with the roof in the height direction of the supporting structure;

[0010] A first side plate, one end of the first side plate is detachably connected with one end of the top plate, the other end of the first side plate is rotatably connected with one end of the bottom plate, and the first side plate can be stacked on the bottom plate by rotation; a plurality of first anchor rod holes and a plurality of first installation grooves are arranged on the first side plate, the plurality of first installation grooves are distributed in the height direction and extend along the depth direction of the support structure;

[0011] A second side plate, the second side plate is arranged opposite to the first side plate along the width direction; one end of the second side plate is detachably connected with the other end of the top plate, the other end of the second side plate is rotatably connected with the other end of the bottom plate, and the second side plate can be stacked on the bottom plate by rotation; a plurality of second anchor rod holes and a plurality of second installation grooves are arranged on the second side plate, the plurality of second installation grooves are distributed in the height direction and extend along the depth direction; the top plate, the bottom plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are concrete prefabricated parts, and are connected to form an integrated support structure with a passageway.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the support structure further comprises:

[0013] A first sealing member, the first sealing member is arranged between the first side plate and the top plate, and is used for sealing the gap between the first side plate and the top plate;

[0014] A second sealing member, the second sealing member is arranged between the second side plate and the top plate, and is used for sealing the gap between the first side plate and the top plate.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, in the height direction, the orthogonal projection of the plurality of slit holes coincides with the orthogonal projection of the first sealing member or the orthogonal projection of the second sealing member.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, one end of the first side plate close to the top plate is formed with a first extension part towards the passageway, and the first sealing member seals the gap between the first extension part and the top plate;

[0017] One end of the second side plate close to the top plate is formed with a second extension part towards the passageway, and the second sealing member seals the gap between the second extension part and the top plate.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a blind hole is formed on the top plate, the blind hole is a threaded hole; the first side plate is detachably connected with the threaded hole on the top plate through the first extension part and a threaded member, and the second side plate is detachably connected with the threaded hole on the top plate through the second extension part and a threaded member.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, two ends of the bottom plate are respectively provided with a first support portion and a second support portion protruding towards one side of the top plate, the first side plate is rotationally connected with the first support portion, and the second side plate is rotationally connected with the second support portion.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom plate is further provided with a first flow channel portion and a second flow channel portion protruding towards one side of the top plate, a first flow channel extending along the depth direction is formed between the first flow channel portion and the first support portion, and a second flow channel extending along the depth direction is formed between the second flow channel portion and the second support portion.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the surface of the top plate towards the passage is formed with an anchor cable tray groove surrounding the anchor cable hole, the surface of the first side plate towards the passage is formed with a first anchor rod tray groove surrounding the first anchor rod hole, and the surface of the second side plate towards the passage is formed with a second anchor rod tray groove surrounding the second anchor rod hole.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a roadway supporting method of a 110 method, the supporting method comprising:

[0023] A plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway and a plurality of fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining area, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the fourth roadway is arranged between adjacent two mining areas, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway, the second roadway and the plurality of fourth roadways along the second direction and communicates with the first roadway, the second roadway and the plurality of fourth roadways; the first direction intersects with the second direction;

[0024] A plurality of the above supporting structures are arranged in the fourth roadways adjacent to the target mining area, and the plurality of supporting structures are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction, and the passage of the plurality of supporting structures is communicated to form a roadway;

[0025] The target mining area is mined, the second side plate of at least one supporting structure close to the target mining area among the supporting structures at the working face towards the goaf is rotationally stacked on the bottom plate in the second direction, so that the roadway formed by the supporting structure communicates with the working face; the second side plate of at least one supporting structure away from the goaf at the working face close to the target mining area is rotationally stacked on the bottom plate, and the cut seam hole on the top plate is exposed for directional top cutting.

[0026] According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, a supporting method of a N00 method roadway is provided, the supporting method comprising:

[0027] A plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; a first roadway and a second roadway extending along a second direction and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining area, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, and the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway and the second roadway along the second direction and communicates with the first roadway and the second roadway;

[0028] A target mining area is mined, a plurality of the above supporting structures are arranged on a side of the target mining area close to another mining area, and the plurality of supporting structures are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction, and a roadway is formed by the communication of the passages of the plurality of supporting structures;

[0029] In the second direction, the second side plate close to the target mining area in at least one supporting structure at the working face is folded on the floor to make the roadway formed by the supporting structure communicate with the working face, and the top is cut off by exposing the cut seam hole on the roof.

[0030] The present disclosure provides a full-precast concrete modular supporting structure for 110 method and N00 method roadway, the first side plate, the second side plate and the roof are detachably connected, which facilitates the transportation and assembly of components underground. The space of the underground roadway is narrow, and it is difficult to transport large whole components. The components of the present structure can be transported to the site separately and then connected, which reduces the transportation difficulty. The cut seam hole and the anchor cable hole provided on the roof and the anchor rod hole provided on the side plate correspond to different functional requirements of the supporting structure. The cut seam hole provides a preset passage for the roof cutting process of the roadway, making the roof cutting operation more accurate and efficient, reducing the damage to the overall structure of the roof, and meeting the goal of "cutting open". The anchor cable hole is used for installing anchor cables, which connects the roof and the deep rock layer through the anchoring effect of the anchor cables, ensures that the roof can be "held", and improves the overall stability of the supporting structure. The anchor rod hole on the side plate is used for installing anchor rods, which fixes the side plate and the sidewall rock layer of the roadway, enhances the supporting capacity of the side plate to the roadway, and ensures the structural safety of the passage. At the same time, the preset positions of the anchor rod hole and the anchor cable hole are optimized and designed, so that the stress of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is more uniform, avoiding local stress concentration caused by unreasonable hole position, and prolonging the service life of the supporting structure.

[0031] In addition, the first side plate, the second side plate and the bottom plate are rotationally connected, in the construction process, the tool can be extended from the first side plate and the second side plate on both sides, improving the construction efficiency; when the target mining area is mined, the roadway can be connected with the working face by rotating the side plate, without destructive removal of the supporting structure, avoiding the secondary construction caused by adjusting the roadway in the traditional supporting process, reducing the mutual influence between processes, meeting the target demand of 'cutting open and coming down' in the 110 / N00 method. Each process link is orderly carried out in the same space, reducing the mutual interference between processes caused by space disorder. In the channel forming process of the traditional support, each part of the construction may be carried out in cross, which is easy to cause process conflict; the channel of the structure is formed immediately after assembly, and each process can be carried out in order in the channel, improving the orderliness of construction.

[0032] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings incorporated into the specification and forming part of the specification, show embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0034] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the supporting structure provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the supporting structure provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the supporting structure provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the roadway supporting of the 110 method provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the roadway supporting of the N00 method provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Explanation of reference signs:

[0040] 10, supporting structure;

[0041] 11, roof; 111, anchor cable hole; 112, slit hole; 113, anchor cable tray groove;

[0042] 12, bottom plate; 121, first support portion; 122, second support portion; 123, first flow passage portion; 124, second flow passage portion;

[0043] 13, first side plate; 131, first cable groove; 132, first pipe groove; 133, first anchor rod hole; 134, first anchor rod tray recess; 135, first extension portion;

[0044] 14, second side plate; 141, second cable groove; 142, second pipe groove; 143, second anchor rod hole; 144, second anchor rod tray recess; 145, second extension portion;

[0045] 151, first rotation shaft; 152, second rotation shaft;

[0046] 161, first sealing member; 162, second sealing member;

[0047] 21, right side help portion anchor rod support area; 22, 110 method top cutting area; 23, working face area; 24, gangue blocking and reinforcement support area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Example embodiments now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments, may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the figures, and thus description of the same will be omitted.

[0049] Although relative terms such as "upper", "lower", etc. are used herein to describe one component's relationship to another component as illustrated in the figures, such terminology is used for convenience only and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure to the position of the components as shown in the figures. It is to be understood that the components so related can be inverted unless otherwise indicated by context. It is also to be understood that the terms "on", "under", and the like, as used herein with respect to the spatial relationship between components, indicate that a component is disposed on or under another component, unless otherwise indicated by context.

[0050] The terms "a", "an", "the", "said", and "at least one" are used to indicate one or more elements / constituents / etc.; the terms "include" and "have" are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion; and the terms "first", "second", and "third", etc. are used merely as labels, not as quantities.

[0051] The 110 / N00 method is an innovative method proposed by Academician He Manchao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which uses active roof cutting to expand the caving height of the goaf, uses the self-crushing characteristics of the caving rock mass to fill the goaf, reduces the movement space of the overlying rock mass, and uses the caving rock mass and the mine pressure to automatically form a roadway, cancels the coal pillar, realizes the balance control of the rock strata during mining, and forms a new balance mining mode of resource saving and environmental protection.

[0052] The 110 method refers to mining one working face per round, and only one round of mining roadway needs to be excavated in advance, and the other one is the roadway left after the previous working face is mined, and no section coal pillar needs to be left between the two working faces, that is, zero section coal pillar is left. The N00 method completely unifies the two processes of mining and excavation on the basis of the 110 method, changes the excavation of one mining roadway to the excavation of zero roadway, realizes the mining of N working faces, and leaves zero coal pillars.

[0053] The implementation of the 110 / N00 method has four overall goals: “pulling, cutting, falling, and protecting”. “Pulling” means that the constant resistance and large deformation anchor cable needs to transfer the gravity load of the immediate roof within the roadway cutting range to the upper basic roof. “Cutting” means that the roof directional cutting seam technology separates the roadway roof and the goaf roof, and cuts off the stress transmission between them. “Falling” means that the structure in the roadway has a certain supporting capacity to support the roadway roof and cut off the roof rock in the goaf. “Protecting” means that the lateral needs to resist the caving of the gangue in the goaf.

[0054] However, in the process of achieving the goals of “pulling, cutting, falling, and protecting” of the 110 / N00 method, the site construction of each process of roadway support is less connected, some processes affect each other during construction, the types of support materials required by each process are more, and the subsequent roadway standardization forming engineering quantity is large.

[0055] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a full-precast concrete modular support structure 10 for the 110 method and the N00 method roadway, as shown in Figures 1-3As shown, the support structure 10 comprises a top plate 11, a bottom plate 12, a first side plate 13 and a second side plate 14. The top plate 11 is provided with a plurality of anchor cable holes 111 in the middle region and a plurality of cut seam holes 112 at both ends along the width direction X of the support structure 10. The bottom plate 12 is arranged opposite to the top plate 11 along the height direction Z of the support structure 10. One end of the first side plate 13 is detachably connected to one end of the top plate 11, and the other end of the first side plate 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the bottom plate 12, and the first side plate 13 can be stacked on the bottom plate 12 by rotating. The first side plate 13 is provided with a plurality of first anchor rod holes 133 and a plurality of first installation grooves, and the plurality of first installation grooves are spaced apart along the height direction Z and extend along the depth direction Y of the support structure 10. The second side plate 14 is arranged opposite to the first side plate 13 along the width direction X. One end of the second side plate 14 is detachably connected to the other end of the top plate 11, and the other end of the second side plate 14 is rotatably connected to the other end of the bottom plate 12, and the second side plate 14 can be stacked on the bottom plate 12 by rotating. The second side plate 14 is provided with a plurality of second anchor rod holes 143 and a plurality of second installation grooves, and the plurality of second installation grooves are spaced apart along the height direction Z and extend along the depth direction Y of the support structure 10. The top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are concrete prefabricated parts, and are connected to form an integrated support structure with a passageway. It should be noted that the integrated support structure refers to the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 connected together to form a support structure with a whole frame connected at the head and tail, rather than a directly integrated forming structure in the process.

[0056] The full-precast concrete modular support structure 10 provided by the present disclosure for the 110 method and the N00 method tunnel adopts a full-precast concrete material, and the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 can all be concrete prefabricated parts. This modular production method solves the problem of a large number of support materials required in each process in the traditional support process. The full-precast parts are produced in a standardized manner, have high dimensional accuracy and controllable quality, only need to be assembled on site, reduce the types and quantities of materials on site, reduce the difficulty of material transportation and storage, avoid the cross-influence of different material processing processes on site, and make the connection of each construction link more closely. At the same time, the modular design makes the forming quality of the support structure 10 highly uniform, greatly reduces the subsequent tunnel standardization forming engineering quantity, and only needs to be assembled on site to form a passageway meeting the requirements, thereby significantly improving the construction efficiency.

[0057] Further, the first side plate 13, the second side plate 14 and the top plate 11 are connected in a detachable manner, facilitating the transportation and assembly of the components underground; the space of the underground roadway is narrow, and large integral components are difficult to transport, while the components of the structure can be transported to the site separately and then connected, reducing the transportation difficulty. The slit hole 112 and the anchor cable hole 111 provided on the top plate 11, and the anchor rod hole provided on the side plate correspond to different functional requirements of the supporting structure 10. The top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are connected to form an integrated supporting structure 10 with a passageway, i.e., the bottom, top and two sides of the passageway are all supported; compared with the prior art which uses a hanging net as the top protection and the side wall or the roadway ground is exposed, the present disclosure provides an integrated supporting structure 10, which greatly improves the supporting strength of the supporting structure 10. The slit hole 112 on the top plate 11 provides a preset passageway for the roof cutting process of the roadway, making the roof cutting operation more accurate and efficient, reducing the damage to the overall structure of the top plate 11, and meeting the goal of "cutting open"; the anchor cable hole 111 on the top plate 11 is used for installing an anchor cable, which connects the top plate 11 with the deep rock stratum through the anchoring effect of the anchor cable, ensuring that the top plate 11 is "held well" and improving the overall stability of the supporting structure 10. The anchor rod hole on the side plate is used for installing an anchor rod, which fixes the side plate with the sidewall rock stratum of the roadway, enhancing the supporting capacity of the side plate to the roadway and ensuring the structural safety of the passageway. At the same time, the preset positions of the anchor rod hole and the anchor cable hole 111 are optimized, making the stress of the anchor rod and the anchor cable more uniform, avoiding local stress concentration caused by unreasonable hole positions, and prolonging the service life of the supporting structure 10. At the same time, by providing the slit hole 112 and the anchor cable hole 111 on the top plate 11 and the anchor rod hole on the side plate, the positions of the slit hole 112, the anchor cable hole 111 and the anchor rod hole are fixed, and only the slit and anchoring operations need to be performed according to the slit hole 112, the anchor cable hole 111 and the anchor rod hole reserved by the supporting structure 10, without the need to re-determine the positions of the slit hole 112, the anchor cable hole 111 and the anchor rod hole on site; when multiple supporting structures 10 simultaneously support in the roadway, standard slit holes 112, anchor cable holes 111 and anchor rod holes can be formed in the roadway through the multiple supporting structures 10, improving the accuracy of the slit and anchoring operations, reducing the operation difficulty, improving the operation efficiency, laying a foundation for the standardization of the roadway, and thus greatly reducing the amount of work for the subsequent standardization of the roadway.

[0058] In addition, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are rotationally connected with the bottom plate 12, and in the construction process, tools can be extended from the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 on both sides to improve the construction efficiency; when the target mining area is mined, the roadway can be connected with the working face by rotating the side plate, without destructive removal of the supporting structure 10, avoiding the secondary construction caused by adjusting the roadway in the traditional supporting process, reducing the mutual influence between processes, and meeting the target requirements of "cutting open and coming down" in the 110 / 000 method. Each process link is orderly carried out in the same space, reducing the mutual interference between processes caused by space chaos. In the channel forming process of the traditional support, each part of the construction may be carried out in cross, which is easy to cause process conflict; and the channel of the supporting structure 10 is formed immediately after assembly, and each process can be carried out in sequence in the channel, improving the orderliness of the construction.

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The supporting structure 10 further includes a first sealing member 161 and a second sealing member 162, the first sealing member 161 is arranged between the first side plate 13 and the top plate 11, and the first sealing member 161 is used to seal the gap between the first side plate 13 and the top plate 11; the second sealing member 162 is arranged between the second side plate 14 and the top plate 11, and the second sealing member 162 is used to seal the gap between the second side plate 14 and the top plate 11. Since the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are respectively detachably connected with the top plate 11, there is a gap between the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14, which will cause the gas in the goaf to enter the roadway, affecting the safety of the working environment. By arranging the first sealing member 161 between the first side plate 13 and the top plate 11 and the second sealing member 162 between the second side plate 14 and the top plate 11, the sealing property of the supporting structure 10 at this position can be improved, and the normal operation of the underground ventilation system can be ensured. At the same time, the sealing member can not only fill the gap, but also transmit stress to a certain extent, so that the connection between the top plate 11 and the side plate is more compact, and the integrity of the supporting structure 10 is improved. In addition, when the top plate 11 is stressed to sink, the sealing member can absorb part of the energy through its own deformation, reduce the impact on the connection parts of the first side plate 13, the second side plate 14 and the top plate 11, and ensure the stability of the structure.

[0060] The first sealing member 161 and the second sealing member 162 can be rubber members, or materials such as asbestos that have good air tightness under pressure.

[0061] In some embodiments, in the height direction Z, the orthographic projection of the plurality of slotted holes 112 coincides with the orthographic projection of the first seal 161 or the second seal 162. Due to the coincidence of the slotted hole 112 and the seal projection, the seal can seal the slotted hole 112, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the support structure 10 at this position and ensuring the normal operation of the underground ventilation system.

[0062] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the top plate 11 can be provided with a plurality of slotted holes 112 at both ends. The slotted holes 112 at both ends can be sealed by the first seal 161 and the second seal 162, respectively.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the top plate 11 can be provided with a plurality of slotted holes 112 at both ends. The slotted holes 112 at both ends can be sealed by the first seal 161 and the second seal 162, respectively. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1, the first side plate 13 can be provided with a first extension 135 towards the channel at one end close to the top plate 11, and the first seal 161 can seal the gap between the first extension 135 and the top plate 11. The second side plate 14 can be provided with a second extension 145 towards the channel at one end close to the top plate 11, and the second seal 162 can seal the gap between the second extension 145 and the top plate 11. The provision of the first extension 135 and the second extension 145 increases the contact area of the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 with the top plate 11, thereby increasing the sealing area of the first seal 161 and the second seal 162. Compared with the design without the extension, the sealing length of the first seal 161 and the second seal 162 between the extension and the top plate 11 is longer, thereby improving the sealing performance. At the same time, the larger contact area reduces the pressure on the unit area of the first seal 161 and the second seal 162, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the first seal 161 and the second seal 162 due to excessive extrusion, and prolonging the service life of the first seal 161 and the second seal 162.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the first extension 135 can be matched in shape and size with the first seal 161 to form the positioning of the first seal 161 during assembly and provide the largest possible sealing area. The second extension 145 can be matched in shape and size with the second seal 162 to form the positioning of the second seal 162 during assembly and provide the largest possible sealing area.

[0065] In some embodiments, a blind hole is formed on the top plate 11, and the blind hole is a threaded hole; the first side plate 13 is detachably connected to the threaded hole on the top plate 11 through the first extension 135 by using a threaded fastener, and the second side plate 14 is detachably connected to the threaded hole on the top plate 11 through the second extension 145 by using a threaded fastener. The threaded connection has the characteristics of firm connection and convenient disassembly, and can meet the assembly and adjustment requirements of the supporting structure 10 at different construction stages. In the initial stage of roadway construction, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 can be quickly connected and fixed with the top plate 11 through the threaded fastener to ensure the structural stability; when the supporting structure 10 needs to be adjusted or recycled, the components can be separated by only disassembling the threaded fastener, which is simple and efficient in operation, and is convenient for on-site installation and maintenance, thereby improving the construction efficiency. In addition, by setting the blind hole as a threaded hole on the top plate 11, a through hole can be avoided on the top plate 11, thereby improving the sealing performance of the top plate 11 and avoiding air leakage.

[0066] In some embodiments, the threaded hole can be formed by pre-burying a nut in the blind hole.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1-3 the first support portion 121 and the second support portion 122 are protruded towards the side of the top plate 11, which provides a stable support basis for the rotational connection of the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 with the bottom plate 12. Compared with the design that the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are directly rotationally connected with the surface of the bottom plate 12, the support portion increases the installation height of the rotating shaft, so that the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 can avoid interference with the bottom plate 12 during rotation, and can be buckled on the bottom plate 12 in parallel or substantially parallel with the bottom plate 12.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first support portion 121 and the first side plate 13 can be rotationally connected through a first rotating shaft 151, and the rotating structure between the first support portion 121 and the first side plate 13 can be, for example, a hinge structure. The hinge is pre-buried when the first support portion 121 and the first side plate 13 are formed, and the hinges on the first support portion 121 and the first side plate 13 are connected through the first rotating shaft 151 to realize rotational connection. Similarly, the second support portion 122 and the second side plate 14 can be rotationally connected through a second rotating shaft 152, and the rotating structure between the second support portion 122 and the second side plate 14 can be, for example, a hinge structure. The hinge is pre-buried when the second support portion 122 and the second side plate 14 are formed, and the hinges on the second support portion 122 and the second side plate 14 are connected through the second rotating shaft 152 to realize rotational connection.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3As shown, when the second side plate 14 is rotated to the bottom plate 12, it can be supported on the bottom plate 12 through the second extension 145, so that the second side plate 14 is parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom plate 12, and at this time the second side plate 14 can be used as a base. Similarly, when the first side plate 13 is rotated to the bottom plate 12, it can be supported on the bottom plate 12 through the first extension 135, so that the first side plate 13 is parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom plate 12, and at this time the first side plate 13 can be used as a base.

[0070] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom plate 12 is also provided with a first flow channel part 123 and a second flow channel part 124 protruding towards the side of the top plate 11, the first flow channel part 123 and the first support part 121 form a first flow channel extending along the depth direction Y, and the second flow channel part 124 and the second support part 122 form a second flow channel extending along the depth direction Y. During roadway construction and mining, water, slag and other sundries will be generated, which will affect the safety of operation and construction efficiency if not handled in time. The setting of the flow channel provides a directional discharge channel for these sundries, and the water can be naturally discharged or discharged by pumping equipment, and the solid sundries such as slag can be transported to the designated position along the flow channel for treatment, avoiding the accumulation of sundries in the channel.

[0071] As shown in Figure 3 As shown, after the second side plate 14 is rotated and supported on the bottom plate 12, the first flow channel part 123 and the second flow channel part 124 are arranged in a staggered manner with the second cable groove 141, the second pipeline groove 142 and the second extension 145 on the second side plate 14, so as to avoid interference. Similarly, after the first side plate 13 is rotated and supported on the bottom plate 12, the first flow channel part 123 and the second flow channel part 124 are arranged in a staggered manner with the first cable groove 131, the first pipeline groove 132 and the first extension 135 on the first side plate 13, so as to avoid interference.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the top plate 11 towards the channel is formed with an anchor cable tray groove 113 surrounding the anchor cable hole 111, which can embed the anchor cable tray into the groove, flush with or slightly lower than the surface of the top plate 11, and also plays a positioning role to prevent the anchor cable tray from shifting during stress, ensuring the anchoring stability of the anchor cable. In the long-term use process, even if the surrounding rock of the roadway deforms slightly, the position of the anchor cable tray in the anchor cable tray groove 113 can also remain relatively stable, avoiding the decrease of anchoring force caused by the shift of the tray. At the same time, after the anchor cable tray is embedded in the anchor cable tray groove 113, the surface of the channel of the supporting structure 10 is more smooth, which can prevent the collision between the transportation equipment, mining equipment and the protruding tray, reduce the incidence of equipment damage and operation accidents, and prolong the service life of the anchor cable.

[0073] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the first side plate 13, the surface of the channel is formed with a first anchor rod tray groove 134 around the first anchor rod hole 133, and the second side plate 14 is formed with a second anchor rod tray groove 144 around the second anchor rod hole 143. The anchor rod tray groove can make the anchor rod tray embedded in the groove, flush or slightly lower than the surface of the top plate 11, and the anchor rod tray groove also plays a positioning role to prevent the anchor rod tray from shifting during the force process, ensuring the anchoring stability of the anchor rod. In the long-term use process, even if the surrounding rock of the roadway deforms slightly, the position of the anchor rod tray in the anchor rod tray groove can remain relatively stable, avoiding the decline of anchoring force caused by the shift of the tray. At the same time, after the anchor rod tray is embedded in the anchor rod tray groove, the surface of the supporting structure 10 is more smooth, which can prevent the collision between the transportation equipment, mining equipment and the protruding tray, reduce the incidence of equipment damage and operation accidents, and prolong the service life of the anchor rod.

[0074] The embodiment of the present application also provides a roadway supporting method of the 110 method, as shown in Figure 4 The supporting method comprises the following steps:

[0075] Step S110, a plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway and a plurality of fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining area, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the fourth roadway is arranged between adjacent two mining areas, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway, the second roadway and the plurality of fourth roadways along the second direction and communicates with the first roadway, the second roadway and the plurality of fourth roadways; wherein the first direction intersects with the second direction, for example, perpendicular or substantially perpendicular;

[0076] Step S120, a plurality of supporting structures 10 are arranged in the fourth roadways adjacent to the target mining area, and the plurality of supporting structures 10 are arranged adjacent along the depth direction Y, and the roadway is formed by the channels of the plurality of supporting structures 10;

[0077] Step S130, mining the target mining area, rotating the second side plate 14 close to the target mining area in at least one supporting structure 10 at the working face towards the goaf on the floor 12 in the second direction to be stacked on the floor 12, so that the roadway formed by the supporting structure 10 communicates with the working face; the second side plate 14 close to the target mining area in at least one supporting structure 10 away from the goaf at the working face is rotated to be stacked on the floor 12, and the cut seam hole 112 on the top plate 11 is exposed for directional cutting.

[0078] Specifically, in the process of leaving the roadway in the 110 method, the roof 11 is supported by the constant resistance large deformation anchor cable through the preformed anchor cable hole 111, and the first side plate 13 on the left side is supported by the anchor rod through the preformed anchor rod hole. The main area in front of the working face is the right side anchor rod support area 21, the second side plate 14 on the right side remains upright and is supported by the anchor rod through the preformed anchor rod hole, and the area close to the working face is the 110 method top cutting area 22. In this area, the support anchor rod of the second side plate 14 is removed, the second sealing member 162 and the bolt are removed, the second rotating shaft is used to rotate the second side plate 14 on the right side to adhere to the floor 12, and the cutting seam hole 112 is exposed for directional top cutting. In order to ensure the requirements of pedestrian, ventilation and the like in the working face area 23, the second side plate 14 on the right side is also rotated to adhere to the floor 12 through the second rotating shaft. The area behind the working face is the gangue blocking and reinforced support area 24, the second side plate 14 on the right side is rotated to be upright from adhering to the floor 12 through the second rotating shaft, is connected with the roof 11 through the second sealing strip, and is then fixed by the bolt for gangue blocking and air leakage prevention in the goaf.

[0079] The multiple support structures 10 are arranged in the adjacent fourth roadway to form a channel, so that the operation of each mining area can be carried out in a relatively independent roadway space, and the mutual influence between the mining areas is small. When the target mining area is mined, the roadways in other areas can still be normally used, multiple areas can be operated in parallel, and the overall mining efficiency is significantly improved. By rotating the side plates of the support structure 10, the roadway is connected with the working face in the mining process without destructive modification of the support structure 10. This adjustment method is simple and fast, can adapt to the needs of the working face advancing, reduces the downtime caused by roadway adjustment, and improves the continuity of mining. Compared with the method in which part of the support structure needs to be removed to realize the connection between the roadway and the working face in the traditional support method, the present method can complete the adjustment by rotating the side plate, avoid the waste of support materials and the cost of secondary construction, reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock, and reduce the risk of roadway instability. The multiple support structures 10 are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction Y to form a roadway, so that the support strength of the entire roadway is more uniform and can effectively resist the surrounding rock pressure. Each support structure 10 is fixed with the surrounding rock by anchor rods and anchor cables to form an overall force system, thereby improving the stability of the roadway. At the same time, the sealing design and flow channel design of the support structure 10 further ensure the safety of the working environment in the roadway. In the mining process, the side plate close to the goaf can be rotated to timely adjust the connection state between the roadway and the working face, so that the mining operation can be carried out in a safe and stable roadway support environment. When the working face advances, the support structure 10 can continuously provide stable support for the working face, which meets the target requirement of the 110 method.

[0080] The embodiments of the present application also provide a support method for a 110 method roadway.Figure 5 The supporting method comprises:

[0081] In step S210, a plurality of mining areas are divided in the coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; the coal mining area is formed with a first roadway and a second roadway extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway and the second roadway along the second direction, and the third roadway is in communication with the first roadway and the second roadway; wherein the first direction intersects the second direction, for example, perpendicular or substantially perpendicular;

[0082] In step S220, mining is performed on the target mining area, a plurality of supporting structures 10 are arranged on the side of the target mining area close to another mining area, and the plurality of supporting structures 10 are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction Y, and the roadway is formed by the communication of the passages of the plurality of supporting structures 10;

[0083] In step S230, in the second direction, the second side plate 14 close to the target mining area in at least one supporting structure 10 at the working face is rotated and stacked on the floor 12, so that the roadway formed by the supporting structure 10 is in communication with the working face, and directional roof cutting is performed through the cut seam hole 112 exposed on the roof 11.

[0084] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 The N00 method does not have an advanced tunneling roadway, and in the process of leaving the roadway, the roof 11 is supported by the preformed anchor cable hole 111 with constant resistance and large deformation, the first side plate 13 on the left side is supported by the preformed anchor rod hole, and there is no right side anchor rod support area 21 and a special roof cutting area. In order to ensure the requirements of pedestrian, ventilation and other requirements in the working face area 23, the second side plate 14 on the right side is rotated to the floor 12 through the second rotating shaft, and at the same time, the cut seam operation of the N00 method is performed in the working face area 23. Similarly, the second side plate 14 on the right side is rotated to the upright position from the floor 12 through the second rotating shaft in the area 24 behind the working face for blocking gangue and strengthening support, and is connected with the roof 11 through the second sealing member 162, and then is fixed by bolts, so as to block the gangue and prevent air leakage in the goaf.

[0085] The mining environment of the N00 method is usually complex, and the adaptability requirement of the supporting structure 10 is relatively high. The supporting structure 10 used in the method has the characteristics of modularity, detachability and rotatability, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the working condition changes in the mining process. The plurality of supporting structures 10 are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction Y to form a passage, so that the overall support strength of the roadway can be adjusted as needed. The adaptive design ensures the safety and stability of the roadway under complex mining conditions, and provides reliable support guarantee for the smooth implementation of the N00 method.

[0086] Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the features disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A fully precast concrete modular support structure for 110 and 200 method roadways, characterized by, The support structure comprises: a top plate, which is provided with a plurality of cutting seam holes at two ends in the width direction of the support structure and a plurality of anchor cable holes in the middle region; a bottom plate, which is oppositely arranged with the top plate in the height direction of the support structure; a first side plate, one end of which is detachably connected with one end of the top plate, the other end of which is rotationally connected with one end of the bottom plate, and the first side plate can be stacked on the bottom plate by rotation; the first side plate is provided with a plurality of first anchor rod holes and a plurality of first mounting grooves, the plurality of first mounting grooves are spaced in the height direction and extend in the depth direction of the support structure; a second side plate, which is oppositely arranged with the first side plate in the width direction; one end of the second side plate is detachably connected with the other end of the top plate, the other end of the second side plate is rotationally connected with the other end of the bottom plate, and the second side plate can be stacked on the bottom plate by rotation; the second side plate is provided with a plurality of second anchor rod holes and a plurality of second mounting grooves, the plurality of second mounting grooves are spaced in the height direction and extend in the depth direction; the top plate, the bottom plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are concrete prefabricated parts, and are connected to form an integrated support structure with a channel; wherein the support structure further comprises: a first sealing member and a second sealing member, the first sealing member is arranged between the first side plate and the top plate, and is used for sealing the gap between the first side plate and the top plate; the second sealing member is arranged between the second side plate and the top plate, and is used for sealing the gap between the second side plate and the top plate; the first side plate is formed with a first extension part towards the channel at one end close to the top plate, the first sealing member seals the gap between the first extension part and the top plate; the second side plate is formed with a second extension part towards the channel at one end close to the top plate, and the second sealing member seals the gap between the second extension part and the top plate; both ends of the bottom plate are respectively provided with a first support part and a second support part protruding towards the side of the top plate, the first side plate is rotationally connected with the first support part, and the second side plate is rotationally connected with the second support part.

2. The support structure of claim 1, wherein, In the height direction, the orthogonal projection of the plurality of cutting seam holes coincides with the orthogonal projection of the first sealing member or the orthogonal projection of the second sealing member.

3. The support structure of claim 1, wherein, A blind hole is formed on the top plate, which is a threaded hole; the first side plate is detachably connected with the threaded hole on the top plate through the first extension part by using a threaded part, and the second side plate is detachably connected with the threaded hole on the top plate through the second extension part by using a threaded part.

4. The support structure of claim 1, wherein, The bottom plate is further provided with a first flow channel part and a second flow channel part protruding towards the side of the top plate, a first flow channel extending in the depth direction is formed between the first flow channel part and the first support part, and a second flow channel extending in the depth direction is formed between the second flow channel part and the second support part.

5. The support structure of claim 1, wherein The surface of the top plate towards the channel is formed with an anchor cable tray groove surrounding the anchor cable hole, the surface of the first side plate towards the channel is formed with a first anchor rod tray groove surrounding the first anchor rod hole, and the surface of the second side plate towards the channel is formed with a second anchor rod tray groove surrounding the second anchor rod hole.

6. A method of roadway support in the 110 method, characterized in that Comprise: A plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway and a plurality of fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining area, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the fourth roadway is arranged between adjacent two mining areas, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway, the second roadway and the plurality of fourth roadways along the second direction and communicates with the first roadway, the second roadway and the plurality of fourth roadways; the first direction intersects with the second direction; A plurality of supporting structures according to any one of claims 1-5 are arranged in the fourth roadways adjacent to the target mining area, and the plurality of supporting structures are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction, and a roadway is formed by the communication of the passages of the plurality of supporting structures; Mining is carried out in the target mining area, and the second side plate of at least one supporting structure close to the target mining area at the working face is stacked on the floor in the second direction to make the roadway formed by the supporting structure communicate with the working face, and the second side plate of at least one supporting structure away from the goaf at the working face is stacked on the floor to expose the slot hole on the roof for directional roof cutting.

7. A method of supporting a N00 construction roadway, characterized by, Comprise: A plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway and a plurality of fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining area, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway and the second roadway along the second direction and communicates with the first roadway and the second roadway; the first direction intersects with the second direction; Mining is carried out in the target mining area, and a plurality of supporting structures according to any one of claims 1-5 are arranged on the side close to another mining area of the target mining area, and the plurality of supporting structures are arranged adjacent to each other along the depth direction, and a roadway is formed by the communication of the passages of the plurality of supporting structures; In the second direction, the second side plate of at least one supporting structure close to the target mining area at the working face is stacked on the floor to make the roadway formed by the supporting structure communicate with the working face, and directional roof cutting is carried out by exposing the slot hole on the roof.

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