Method and system for monitoring displacement of cathode rays in electric precipitator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis and early warning of electric dust removers, in particular to a method and system for monitoring displacement of cathode lines in an electric dust remover, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out the time synchronization of an obtained electromagnetic signal and an acoustic signal, and obtaining the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal which are synchronous in time; based on a preset time-space correlation condition, judging whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal form a collaborative abnormal event or not, and obtaining a collaborative abnormal event judgment result and a joint feature of the collaborative abnormal event; through collaborative analysis of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals, abnormal event screening based on time-space correlation, characteristic compensation based on operation condition parameters and matching with a preset fault mode, weak signals, complex background noise and condition fluctuation influences caused by initial local infinitesimal displacement of the cathode wire are effectively distinguished; and the effects of high-sensitivity and high-reliability online early warning and accurate positioning are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic precipitator fault diagnosis and early warning, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring the displacement of cathode lines inside an electrostatic precipitator. Background Art

[0002] An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is a core component of the flue gas purification system in a thermal power plant. Its internal cathode wire system generates corona discharge through high-voltage direct current excitation, charging dust particles in the flue gas and collecting them on anode plates. The spatial positioning accuracy of the cathode wires is crucial to the uniformity and intensity of the electric field, which directly impacts dust removal efficiency. These metal cathode wires are densely arranged in parallel between the anode plates. ESPs operate in a high-temperature flue gas environment containing corrosive components such as sulfur oxides and high concentrations of dust. Under these harsh conditions, the cathode wire material degrades due to creep and oxidative corrosion. Furthermore, they are subjected to mechanical vibrations from flue gas erosion and vibrating cleaning devices. These factors combine to cause the cathode wires to sag, sag, or even partially bend after long-term operation, deviating from their initial design position. This spatial deviation, or displacement, alters the effective distance (inter-electrode distance) between the cathode wires and the anode plates. This change in inter-electrode distance causes variations in the local electric field strength. When the inter-electrode distance decreases to a certain extent due to cathode wire displacement, the local electric field strength increases significantly, potentially exceeding the breakdown field strength of the gas medium and causing sparks or arc discharges. This not only forces the pressure reduction operation to affect dust removal, but may also cause equipment damage or safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, cathode line displacement monitoring faces significant challenges, primarily in the following areas: Extremely harsh signal acquisition: The high temperature, high dust content, and corrosive environment inside the electrostatic precipitator severely threaten sensor lifespan and signal acquisition. The submergence and weakness of target signals: Weak signals generated by minute displacements (discharge changes or mechanical activity) are often drowned out by strong background noise (corona radiation, vibration, and aerodynamic noise). Confusion between operating condition fluctuations and local fault characteristics: Overall signal changes caused by fluctuations in typical operating conditions (temperature, humidity, dust concentration, and load variations) can easily be confused with local displacement fault characteristics, leading to misjudgment.

[0004] Existing monitoring methods have limitations. Manual shutdown inspections cannot be carried out in real time and are not economical. Online systems based on optics or lasers are plagued by problems such as dust attenuating scattered light signals, high temperature affecting component tolerance, and structural limitations leading to limited installation and field of view in complex internal environments. These problems make it difficult to achieve comprehensive and reliable coverage monitoring of a large number of dense cathode lines, and are particularly insensitive to early and small displacements.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the existing technology is in urgent need of improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a method and system for monitoring the displacement of the cathode line inside an electrostatic precipitator.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the displacement of cathode lines inside an electrostatic precipitator, which is used for early warning of local micro-displacement of cathode lines in the early stage, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Acquire electromagnetic and acoustic signals in the electrostatic precipitator; performing time synchronization processing on the acquired electromagnetic signal and the acquired acoustic signal to obtain time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal; Based on preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions, determine whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signals and the time-synchronized acoustic signals constitute a coordinated abnormal event, and obtain a coordinated abnormal event determination result and a joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event; Obtaining operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator; Compensating the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event according to the acquired operating condition parameter to obtain a compensated joint feature; Matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result; When the matching result is successful, it is determined that an initial local micro displacement of the cathode line occurs, and the fault source is located based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and an early warning indication containing positioning information is output.

[0008] The core innovation of this application lies in that by combining the collaborative analysis of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals, the screening of abnormal events based on time and space correlation, the feature compensation based on operating condition parameters, and the matching with preset fault modes, the weak signal caused by the initial local small displacement of the cathode line can be effectively distinguished from the complex background noise and the influence of operating condition fluctuations, thereby achieving the effect of high sensitivity, high reliability online warning and precise positioning.

[0009] In a second aspect, a cathode line displacement monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator is provided for early warning of localized micro displacement of the cathode line. The system comprises: A signal acquisition module, used to acquire electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals in the electrostatic precipitator; a signal synchronization processing module, configured to perform time synchronization processing on the acquired electromagnetic signal and the acquired acoustic signal to obtain time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal; A collaborative abnormal event judgment module is used to judge whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a collaborative abnormal event based on preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions, and obtain a collaborative abnormal event judgment result and a joint feature of the collaborative abnormal event. The spatiotemporal correlation conditions are used to indicate that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source. An operating condition parameter acquisition module, used to obtain the operating condition parameters of the electrostatic precipitator; a joint feature compensation module, configured to compensate the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event according to the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain a compensated joint feature; a fault pattern matching module, configured to match the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result; The early warning output module is used to determine the occurrence of an initial local micro displacement of the cathode line when the matching result is a successful match, locate the fault source based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and output an early warning indication containing positioning information.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By acquiring and synchronizing electromagnetic and acoustic signals, judging coordinated abnormal events, performing feature compensation in combination with operating conditions, and matching with adaptively corrected fault modes, the fault source is finally located. This effectively solves the problem of difficult early, accurate, and localized detection of initial local micro-displacements of the cathode wire in harsh environments. It has the advantage of being able to achieve early, accurate, and localized early warning of initial local micro-displacements of the cathode wire inside the electrostatic precipitator, effectively overcoming the challenges brought by harsh environments, weak signals, complex noise, and operating condition fluctuations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 201, signal acquisition module; 202, signal synchronization processing module; 203, collaborative abnormal event judgment module; 204, working condition parameter acquisition module; 205, joint feature compensation module; 206, fault pattern matching module; 207, early warning output module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0015] like Figure 1 A method for monitoring the displacement of cathode lines inside an electrostatic precipitator is shown, which is used for early warning of local micro-displacement of cathode lines in the early stage. The method includes the following steps: S101, acquiring electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals in an electrostatic precipitator; S102, performing time synchronization processing on the acquired electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal to obtain time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal; S103. Based on a preset spatiotemporal correlation condition, determine whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a coordinated abnormal event, and obtain a coordinated abnormal event determination result and a joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event. The spatiotemporal correlation condition is used to indicate that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source. S104, obtaining operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator; S105. Compensating the joint features of the coordinated abnormal events according to the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain compensated joint features; S106, matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result; S107. When the matching result is successful, determine that an initial local micro displacement of the cathode line occurs, locate the fault source based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and output a warning indication containing positioning information.

[0016] This method first acquires electromagnetic and acoustic signals within the electrostatic precipitator. Electromagnetic signals refer to electromagnetic radiation generated by ionization processes such as corona discharge and microspark discharge. These signals can be acquired using broadband electromagnetic sensors or antenna arrays, primarily to capture abnormalities related to discharge characteristics. Acoustic signals refer to sound waves generated by mechanical vibration, material stress release, or discharge. These signals can be acquired using microphone arrays or piezoelectric sensors, primarily to capture abnormalities related to structural changes or mechanical activity. Acquiring these signals is the foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0017] Next, the acquired electromagnetic and acoustic signals are time-synchronized to produce synchronized electromagnetic and acoustic signals. Time synchronization involves using a high-precision clock or synchronized trigger mechanism to ensure that signals collected by different sensors have a unified time base. This ensures accurate correlation between the electromagnetic and acoustic signals in subsequent analysis, avoiding misjudgments due to time asynchrony.

[0018] Based on preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions, a determination is made as to whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic and acoustic signals constitute a coordinated abnormal event, resulting in a coordinated abnormal event determination result and the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event. The preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions are used to characterize whether the electromagnetic and acoustic signals originate from the same physical source. This refers to determining whether the electromagnetic and acoustic signals occur within a reasonable time difference and spatial range based on the signal propagation speed within the electrostatic precipitator and the sensor deployment location. This can be achieved by calculating the signal arrival time difference and comparing it with a threshold determined based on a propagation model. This is primarily intended to eliminate interference from background noise or single signal anomalies and identify combined electromagnetic and acoustic anomalies that may be caused by the same physical event (such as cathode line partial discharge or vibration). A coordinated abnormal event refers to an abnormal combination of electromagnetic and acoustic signals that are correlated in time and space. This is primarily intended to focus on specific events related to potential faults. The joint characteristics of collaborative abnormal events refer to a set of parameters that comprehensively describe the electromagnetic and acoustic characteristics of collaborative abnormal events. They may include the spectrum characteristics, amplitude characteristics, and pulse shape characteristics of electromagnetic signals, the frequency characteristics, energy characteristics, and duration characteristics of acoustic signals, as well as the time delay and correlation between the two. Their main purpose is to provide a basis for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0019] At the same time, the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator are obtained. Operating parameters refer to various physical quantities that affect the internal environment and operating status of the electrostatic precipitator. They can include flue gas temperature, pressure, humidity, dust concentration, gas composition, power supply voltage, operating current, etc. They are mainly used to reflect the current operating status of the electrostatic precipitator, because these parameters affect the signal propagation characteristics and corona discharge characteristics.

[0020] The joint features of coordinated abnormal events are compensated based on the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain compensated joint features. Compensation refers to modifying the joint features of coordinated abnormal events based on the operating condition parameters to eliminate the impact of operating condition fluctuations on the features and highlight feature changes caused by faults. This can be achieved using regression models, machine learning models, or lookup tables. Its main purpose is to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and avoid misdiagnosis caused by operating condition changes. The compensated joint features are features that have been corrected for the impact of operating conditions and better reflect the actual fault state.

[0021] The compensated joint features are matched with the preset fault response pattern that characterizes the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result. The preset fault response pattern that characterizes the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line refers to a typical performance pattern of the joint features of the coordinated abnormal event when the initial micro-displacement of the cathode line occurs, which is established based on historical data, experiments or simulations. It can be represented by a feature vector, a pattern template or a classifier model. Its main purpose is to provide a judgment standard for identifying whether a specific type of fault has occurred. Matching refers to comparing the current compensated joint features with the preset fault response pattern to determine the similarity or degree of conformity between the two. It can be achieved by distance calculation, correlation analysis or classification algorithm. Its main purpose is to determine whether the current abnormal event conforms to the characteristic pattern of the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line.

[0022] When the match result is a successful match, it is determined that an initial localized micro-displacement of the cathode line has occurred, and the fault source is located based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and an early warning indication containing positioning information is output. Fault source positioning refers to the use of the characteristics of the time-synchronized electromagnetic and acoustic signals (such as arrival time difference, signal strength) and sensor position information to calculate the spatial position of the signal source. This can be achieved using an arrival time difference positioning algorithm, an arrival angle positioning algorithm, or a signal strength positioning algorithm. Its main purpose is to determine the specific cathode line or section where the fault occurs. The early warning indication refers to the output of an alarm message containing the fault type and location information. It can be presented in the form of text, graphics, or sound. Its main purpose is to promptly notify the operator to take corrective measures.

[0023] The solution of the present application obtains the electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal inside the electrostatic precipitator and performs strict time synchronization processing to lay the foundation for subsequent joint analysis. Based on the preset time-space correlation conditions, the system can screen out electromagnetic-acoustic collaborative abnormal events that are correlated in time and space from a large number of background signals, which greatly reduces the false alarm rate, because real fault events often produce electromagnetic and acoustic responses at the same time, and these responses are correlated in time and space. The operating condition parameters of the electrostatic precipitator are obtained, and these parameters are used to compensate for the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal events, effectively eliminating the influence of operating condition fluctuations such as flue gas environment and power supply status on the signal characteristics, so that the compensated characteristics can more accurately reflect the abnormal state of the cathode line itself. The compensated joint characteristics are matched with the preset fault response pattern that characterizes the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line. Through the pattern recognition method, it is accurately judged whether the current abnormal event conforms to the characteristic pattern of the initial micro-displacement. Once a match is successful, the system not only detects a fault but also uses the time-synchronized electromagnetic and acoustic signals to locate the source of the fault, pinpointing the exact location of the displacement and outputting a warning indication containing this location information. This enables early and accurate warning and location of even the smallest initial local displacement of the cathode line. The entire process forms a closed loop, with each step, from signal acquisition to final warning, working in close coordination to address the challenge of identifying weak fault signals in harsh environments.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, based on preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions, determining whether time-synchronized electromagnetic signals and time-synchronized acoustic signals constitute a coordinated abnormal event, and obtaining a coordinated abnormal event determination result and a joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event include the following steps: Obtain operating environment parameters inside the electrostatic precipitator that affect signal propagation; Determine the propagation speed of the signal inside the electrostatic precipitator according to the acquired operating environment parameters; Adjusting a time correlation parameter or a space correlation parameter in a preset time-space correlation condition based on the determined propagation speed and sensor deployment information to obtain an adjusted time-space correlation condition; Based on the adjusted spatiotemporal correlation conditions, it is determined whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a coordinated abnormal event, and the coordinated abnormal event judgment result and the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event are obtained. The adjusted spatiotemporal correlation conditions are used to characterize that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source.

[0025] Among them, the operating environment parameters that affect signal propagation inside the electrostatic precipitator refer to the physical or chemical parameters in the internal environment of the electrostatic precipitator that can change the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals (such as speed, attenuation), which can be gas temperature, pressure, humidity, flue gas composition, dust concentration, etc., and its purpose is to obtain actual environmental information that affects signal propagation; the propagation speed of the signal inside the electrostatic precipitator refers to the actual propagation rate of the electromagnetic signal or acoustic signal under the current specific operating environment inside the electrostatic precipitator, which can be determined based on the obtained operating environment parameters through a pre-established physical model, empirical formula or reference to experimental data tables, and its purpose is to quantify the propagation characteristics of the signal in the current environment; sensor deployment information refers to the actual installation position and spatial layout information of the sensor used to collect electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator, which can be the three-dimensional coordinates of the sensor or the relative position relative to the internal structure of the electrostatic precipitator, and its purpose is to provide a basis for calculating the signal propagation distance and judging spatial correlation; the preset time The time correlation parameter or space correlation parameter in the empty correlation condition refers to the initial time difference threshold or space distance threshold used to judge whether the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source when the influence of the real-time operating environment is not considered. It can be a fixed value set based on theoretical calculations or experimental data under typical working conditions. Its purpose is to provide a preliminary correlation judgment standard; adjustment refers to modifying or optimizing the preset time correlation parameter or space correlation parameter according to the determined signal propagation speed and sensor deployment information to make it more consistent with the signal propagation characteristics under the current actual operating environment. It can be achieved through proportional scaling, table correction or model calculation, etc., with the purpose of improving the accuracy of time and space correlation judgment; the adjusted time and space correlation condition refers to the time correlation threshold or space correlation threshold obtained after adjustment, which can better reflect the actual signal propagation characteristics inside the current electrostatic precipitator. It is used to replace the preset time and space correlation condition for the judgment of collaborative abnormal events, with the purpose of making the judgment standard dynamically adapt to environmental changes.

[0026] The solution of this application obtains operating environment parameters within the electrostatic precipitator that affect signal propagation and, based on these parameters, determines the actual propagation velocity of the signal within the ESP. Based on the determined propagation velocity and known sensor deployment information, the spatiotemporal correlation conditions used to determine whether electromagnetic and acoustic signals originate from the same physical source are dynamically adjusted. This adjustment can involve modifying preset temporal correlation parameters, such as allowing for a larger time difference, or modifying spatial correlation parameters, such as accounting for curvature or reflection in the signal propagation path. Finally, this dynamically adjusted spatiotemporal correlation condition is used to determine whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic and acoustic signals constitute a coordinated anomaly event. This dynamically adjusted spatiotemporal correlation condition can more accurately reflect whether the signals truly originate from the same physical source, thereby improving the accuracy of the coordinated anomaly event determination and reducing misjudgments or missed detections due to environmental changes. By introducing dynamic adaptability of environmental parameters into this critical step of coordinated anomaly event determination, the coordinated anomaly event determination itself becomes more accurate and reliable, providing more accurate input for subsequent operating parameter compensation and fault mode matching, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the entire early warning method.

[0027] As an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of compensating the joint features of the coordinated abnormal events according to the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain the compensated joint features include: From the various operating condition parameters obtained, a set of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event is identified; For each target operating condition parameter in the identified set of target operating condition parameters, under the condition that other target operating condition parameters in the set of target operating condition parameters are in a preset reference state, determining an independent influence amount of the target operating condition parameter on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event; Determine the total impact of a set of identified target operating condition parameters acting together on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event; Determine a coupled influence amount of a set of target operating condition parameters on a joint characteristic of a coordinated abnormal event based on a difference between the determined overall influence amount and the arithmetic sum of the independent influence amounts of each target operating condition parameter in the set of target operating condition parameters; Combining the determined independent influence amount of each target operating condition parameter and the determined coupled influence amount of a group of target operating condition parameters, compensation is performed on the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event to obtain the compensated joint feature.

[0028] Identifying a set of target operating condition parameters that have a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of coordinated abnormal events from among the multiple acquired operating condition parameters involves analyzing the impact of different operating condition parameter combinations on the joint characteristics of coordinated abnormal events to identify parameter sets whose combined effects are not simply additive but rather mutually reinforcing or weakening. Specifically, statistical analysis, correlation analysis, or machine learning methods can be used to identify the coupling relationships between parameters and the extent of their influence on the joint characteristics. The goal is to focus on key operating condition parameters that significantly influence the joint characteristics and exhibit complex interactions, thereby improving the targetedness and efficiency of compensation. A preset baseline state refers to a reference operating point or range established for assessing the independent impact of a single target operating condition parameter. Within this state, other target operating condition parameters are fixed or maintained at typical, stable values ​​to isolate the impact of a single parameter. The parameter values ​​for the preset baseline state can be determined based on the electrostatic precipitator's design parameters, rated operating conditions, or historical stable operating data. The independent influence quantity refers to the degree of change in the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event caused by a change in a single target operating condition parameter, while other target operating condition parameters remain unchanged at the preset baseline state. The total impact is the total change caused by the combined effect of a set of identified target operating parameters on the joint characteristics of a coordinated abnormal event when they are simultaneously in their current actual operating state. The coupled impact is the difference between the total effect of a set of target operating parameters acting together and the sum of their individual effects. This difference quantifies the impact of the interaction between the parameters on the joint characteristics.

[0029] The solution of the present application avoids complex analysis of all operating parameters and improves processing efficiency by first identifying a set of key operating condition parameters that have a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of collaborative abnormal events. Then, by determining the independent influence of each target operating condition parameter when other parameters are in a preset reference state, the mutual interference between parameters can be removed and the effect of a single parameter can be accurately quantified. At the same time, by determining the overall influence of this set of parameters when they act together, the overall effect of the combined effect of multiple parameters in actual operation is captured. The coupling influence is calculated based on the difference between the overall influence and the sum of the independent influences, which directly quantifies the contribution of the coupling effect between parameters to the joint characteristics. Finally, the independent influence and the coupling influence are combined to compensate for the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal events. As a result, the compensation process not only takes into account the direct influence of a single parameter, but more importantly, takes into account the complex interactions between parameters, so that the joint characteristics can be more accurately corrected by the influence of operating condition fluctuations. Compared with the compensation method that only considers the independent influence of a single operating condition parameter, this method can more accurately reflect the characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event itself, reduce the compensation error caused by operating condition coupling, and thus improve the accuracy of subsequent fault mode matching, and ultimately improve the early warning accuracy of the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of identifying a set of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event from the acquired multiple operating condition parameters includes: Under preset update conditions, multiple operating condition parameters within a historical time period and joint features of collaborative abnormal events corresponding to the multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period are obtained; Based on the obtained multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period and the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events corresponding to the multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period, the difference between the comprehensive impact of different parameter combinations among the multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period on the corresponding joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events and the sum of the independent impacts of each parameter is analyzed to obtain the difference; According to the obtained differences, a discrimination condition for identifying a set of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the current coordinated abnormal event from the multiple currently obtained operating condition parameters is adjusted to obtain an adjusted discrimination condition; Based on the obtained adjusted discrimination conditions and the multiple operating condition parameters currently obtained, a group of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event are identified from the multiple operating condition parameters currently obtained.

[0031] The preset update condition refers to a specific state or event used to trigger the acquisition, analysis, and adjustment of historical data discrimination conditions. This can be achieved based on a time period, changes in performance indicators, or the occurrence of a specific event. The purpose is to ensure that the logic for identifying coupling parameters can be dynamically updated according to changes in the actual operating conditions of the electrostatic precipitator. The historical time period refers to a past time range used to collect operating condition parameters and joint feature data of coordinated abnormal events. This can be determined by a fixed time length, a sliding window, or a data volume threshold. The purpose is to provide sufficient data samples for analyzing the mutual influence between parameters. The difference refers to a quantified value or indicator obtained by comparing and analyzing the combined effect of different parameter combinations with the simple superposition of the independent effects of each parameter. This can be represented by statistical indicators, model residuals, or specific algorithm outputs. The purpose is to characterize the degree of interaction (coupling) between parameters. The discrimination condition refers to a rule or standard used to determine whether one or a group of operating condition parameters has a significant coupling effect on the joint features of coordinated abnormal events. This can be defined by a threshold, model parameters, or classifier output. The purpose is to screen out target parameters with coupling characteristics from a large number of operating condition parameters.

[0032] The solution of this application periodically or event-drivenly acquires historical operating data under preset update conditions, including multiple operating condition parameters and their corresponding joint characteristics of coordinated abnormal events. This accumulation of historical data provides a foundation for subsequent in-depth analysis of the complex relationships between parameters. Based on this historical data, the solution further analyzes the combined effects of different operating condition parameter combinations on the joint characteristics and compares them with the simple superposition of the effects of each parameter individually, thereby quantifying the degree of interaction or coupling between the parameters and identifying differences. It is through this comparative analysis that the complex coupling effects hidden beneath the simple superposition of parameters can be revealed. Based on the resulting differences, the solution dynamically adjusts the discrimination conditions used to identify target operating condition parameters, ensuring that these discrimination conditions more accurately reflect the true coupling characteristics of the parameters under the current operating state. The ability to adaptively adjust the discrimination conditions based on historical data makes subsequent target parameter identification more targeted and accurate. Ultimately, based on the adjusted discrimination conditions and the current operating condition parameters, the solution accurately identifies a set of target operating condition parameters from the currently acquired parameters that have a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of coordinated abnormal events. It is through this series of steps that the solution can overcome the challenges brought by the complex coupling relationship between operating parameters, provide a more accurate and relevant set of target parameters for subsequent compensation of joint features, and thus improve the effectiveness of compensation.

[0033] As an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result include: Matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain the current matching result; When the current matching result does not meet the preset success criteria, and the monitored operating status of the electrostatic precipitator meets the preset mode correction trigger conditions, then: Obtaining post-compensation joint feature records in which multiple groups of matching results with preset fault response patterns fail to meet preset success criteria within a period of time after the pattern correction trigger condition is met; Based on the obtained multiple post-compensation joint feature records, common characteristics represented by the multiple post-compensation joint feature records are analyzed, and the common characteristics are compared with a preset fault response mode to determine a difference parameter between the two; Adjusting internal parameters of a preset fault response mode or its structural definition based on the determined difference parameter to obtain a revised fault response mode; The revised fault response pattern is used to replace the original preset fault response pattern, so that when the step of matching the compensated joint feature with the fault response pattern is subsequently performed, the revised fault response pattern is used to obtain the subsequent matching result.

[0034] The mode correction trigger condition refers to a specific combination of conditions used to initiate the adaptive adjustment process of the fault response mode. This can be achieved by the number of matching failures or the failure rate exceeding a threshold, the deviation of specific operating condition parameters from the normal range, or a combination of the two. Its purpose is to initiate mode correction when the matching effect is poor and the operating environment may change; Among them, common characteristics refer to the common laws or statistical features shown in multiple compensated joint feature records. They can be achieved by calculating the mean, median, distribution range of feature vectors or identifying frequently occurring feature combinations. Its purpose is to extract the direction or nature of pattern deviation from the data where matching fails; The difference parameter refers to the quantitative difference between the common characteristics and the preset fault response mode. It can be achieved by describing the difference in characteristic values, weights, threshold offsets, or model structure differences. Its purpose is to accurately guide the adjustment of the fault response mode. Among them, adjusting the internal parameters of the preset fault response mode or its structural definition means modifying the mode according to the determined difference parameters, which can be achieved by updating the thresholds, weights, rule sets or model structures in the mode, with the aim of making the mode more in line with the current actual situation.

[0035] The solution of this application matches the compensated joint features with a preset fault response pattern to preliminarily determine whether there is an initial localized, micro-displacement of the cathode line. If the matching result fails to meet the preset success criteria, and the system detects that the operating status of the electrostatic precipitator meets the preset pattern correction trigger conditions, the system does not immediately determine a fault, but instead initiates a pattern adaptation correction process. This is because a matching failure may not be due to an actual fault, but rather to a deviation between the preset pattern and the current operating status. By initiating the correction only when specific trigger conditions are met, unnecessary frequent adjustments can be avoided. During the correction process, the system collects multiple sets of compensated joint feature records for which matching failed over a period of time. These records represent feature samples where the pattern failed to be correctly identified under the current operating conditions. Based on these samples, the system analyzes their shared characteristics, identifies systematic differences between these failed samples and the current preset pattern, and quantifies these differences as difference parameters. Based on these difference parameters, the system adjusts the internal parameters (e.g., feature weights and thresholds) or the structural definition of the preset fault response pattern to generate a corrected fault response pattern. The system then replaces the original pattern with this corrected pattern. In this way, the subsequently acquired compensated joint features will be matched with this revised fault response pattern that better reflects the current actual operating state. This online adaptive correction mechanism enables the fault response pattern to be dynamically updated as the electrostatic precipitator's operating state changes, thereby improving matching accuracy and reducing misjudgments and missed alarms. This pattern correction mechanism, combined with the step of acquiring the compensated joint features, enables the system to utilize more realistic feature information, compensated for operating conditions, to drive adaptive adjustments to the pattern, ensuring the effectiveness and pertinence of the pattern correction, thereby improving the robustness and reliability of the entire early warning method.

[0036] As an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of locating a fault source based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal include: Extracting electromagnetic positioning characteristic parameters from time-synchronized electromagnetic signals; Extracting acoustic localization feature parameters from time-synchronized acoustic signals; The location of the fault source is determined based on the extracted electromagnetic positioning characteristic parameters and the extracted acoustic positioning characteristic parameters, and combined with the differences in the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator.

[0037] Among them, the electromagnetic positioning characteristic parameters refer to the signal attributes that can reflect the location information of the electromagnetic signal source, which can be the signal arrival time, signal strength, signal waveform characteristics or spectrum characteristics extracted from the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal, and its purpose is to provide electromagnetic information basis for fault source positioning; among them, the acoustic positioning characteristic parameters refer to the signal attributes that can reflect the location information of the acoustic signal source, which can be the signal arrival time, signal strength, signal waveform characteristics or spectrum characteristics extracted from the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and its purpose is to provide acoustic information basis for fault source positioning; among them, the difference in the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator refers to the difference in propagation speed, attenuation, reflection, refraction and other characteristics of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals when they propagate in the complex environment inside the electrostatic precipitator (such as high temperature, high dust, corrosive gas, equipment structure, etc.). Its purpose is to use these differences to correct the positioning results and improve the positioning accuracy.

[0038] The solution of this application obtains information about the fault source's location from two different modalities by extracting electromagnetic positioning characteristic parameters from time-synchronized electromagnetic signals and acoustic positioning characteristic parameters from time-synchronized acoustic signals. Because electromagnetic and acoustic signals have different response mechanisms to the fault source and inherently differ in their propagation characteristics within the electrostatic precipitator, for example, electromagnetic signals propagate at speeds close to the speed of light and are relatively less affected by the medium, but are susceptible to reflection and scattering from metal structures. Acoustic signals propagate much slower and are significantly affected by gas temperature, pressure, composition, dust concentration, and other factors, resulting in faster attenuation. These differences make reliance on a single signal alone or failing to distinguish between signal characteristics prone to errors. This solution further utilizes the extracted electromagnetic and acoustic positioning characteristic parameters, combined with the differences in the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic and acoustic signals within the electrostatic precipitator, to comprehensively utilize the complementary information of the two signals and consider their propagation behavior in the actual environment to correct and optimize the positioning results. This approach, combining signal characteristics from different modalities and accounting for propagation differences, effectively overcomes the limitations of single-signal positioning and the impact of complex environments on signal propagation, thereby more accurately determining the fault source's location. In addition, this scheme is executed after determining that an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line has occurred. This determination is based on the result of matching the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events compensated for the operating conditions with the fault response pattern. This ensures that the signal used for positioning is screened and optimized, and is derived from real coordinated abnormal events related to the initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line. It avoids locating signals caused by background noise or operating condition fluctuations, and further improves the reliability and accuracy of positioning.

[0039] As an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of combining the differences in propagation characteristics of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator include: Establish a propagation model of electromagnetic and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator; Obtain operating environment parameters inside the electrostatic precipitator; According to the acquired operating environment parameters, the propagation model is modified to obtain a modified propagation model; The location of the fault source is determined by utilizing the difference in propagation characteristics represented by the modified propagation model and combining the difference in propagation characteristics of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator.

[0040] Among them, the propagation model refers to a mathematical or physical model that describes the propagation laws of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals in a specific medium and environment. For example, it can characterize the propagation speed, attenuation coefficient, scattering characteristics, etc. of the signal. It can be implemented using a theoretical model based on physical laws or a statistical model based on historical data and experience, aiming to lay the foundation for subsequent analysis of signal propagation characteristics; operating environment parameters refer to physical quantities that affect the propagation of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside the electrostatic precipitator, such as flue gas temperature, pressure, humidity, dust concentration, gas composition, etc., which are used to reflect the actual environmental conditions inside the electrostatic precipitator; correction refers to adjusting the parameters or structures in the propagation model according to the actual operating environment parameters obtained, so that it more accurately reflects the signal propagation characteristics in the current environment, aiming to correct the deviation of the initial model; the difference in propagation characteristics represented by the revised propagation model refers to the different performances of the electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals reflected in the revised propagation model in terms of propagation speed, attenuation degree, multipath effect, etc., which are used to more accurately characterize the propagation behavior of the two signals in a specific environment.

[0041] The solution of this application establishes a propagation model for electromagnetic and acoustic signals within an electrostatic precipitator, providing a preliminary basis for describing the propagation patterns of these signals. Subsequently, by acquiring real-time operating environment parameters within the electrostatic precipitator, which directly influence signal propagation behavior, the initial propagation model is modified based on these real-time operating environment parameters. This modification process adapts the model to the complex and dynamically changing environment within the electrostatic precipitator, resulting in a modified propagation model that more accurately reflects the signal propagation characteristics in the current environment. The modified propagation model more accurately characterizes the propagation speed, attenuation, and other characteristics of the electromagnetic and acoustic signals in the current environment, as well as the differences between them. The more accurate propagation characteristic information provided by the modified propagation model is combined with positioning feature parameters (such as signal arrival time difference and signal strength) extracted from time-synchronized electromagnetic and acoustic signals to calculate the fault source location. This approach no longer simply relies on raw signal characteristics but fully considers the actual behavior of signals within complex propagation paths, particularly the differences in the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic and acoustic signals in different environments, thereby more accurately inferring the fault source location. In this way, the present application further improves the accuracy and robustness of positioning based on the extraction of electromagnetic and acoustic positioning characteristic parameters, and solves the positioning error problem caused by uncertain signal propagation characteristics in complex environments.

[0042] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the total impact amount generated when the identified set of target operating condition parameters act together on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event includes: Obtain joint features of collaborative abnormal events; Obtaining current values ​​of a set of identified target operating condition parameters; Obtaining joint features of collaborative abnormal events under a preset baseline state; The difference between the obtained joint features of the coordinated abnormal events and the obtained joint features of the coordinated abnormal events under the preset reference state is calculated to obtain the overall impact amount.

[0043] The "preset reference state" refers to the reference operating state of the electrostatic precipitator when it is operating stably and without obvious abnormalities. It can be determined by analyzing historical operating data, setting by expert experience, or through specific experimental calibration. The "joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events under the preset reference state" refers to the reference value or reference range of the joint characteristics exhibited when the coordinated abnormal events occur under the above-mentioned preset reference state. It can be obtained by statistical analysis or modeling of the coordinated abnormal event data collected under the preset reference state.

[0044] The solution of the present application obtains the joint characteristics of the current collaborative abnormal event, which reflects the abnormal performance of the current electrostatic precipitator under the operating state. At the same time, the current values ​​of a set of target operating condition parameters currently identified are obtained. These parameters have a coupling effect on the joint characteristics, and their current values ​​reflect the current operating conditions. In order to quantify the overall impact of these operating condition parameters on the joint characteristics, the solution further obtains the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal events under a preset reference state, which represents the reference state when the electrostatic precipitator is operating normally. By calculating the difference between the joint characteristics of the currently obtained collaborative abnormal event and the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal event under the preset reference state, the overall impact amount can be obtained. This method can reflect the overall impact of the joint action of the target operating condition parameters on the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal event by comparing the difference in the joint characteristics under the current state and the reference state. This method of calculating the overall impact amount based on the difference avoids the errors that may be caused by direct measurement or estimation, and provides input for the subsequent calculation of the coupling impact amount based on the overall impact amount and the independent impact amount, as well as the execution of the joint feature compensation. The acquisition of the overall influence quantity is the basis for realizing the calculation of the coupled influence quantity and the compensation of the joint characteristics, thereby improving the accuracy of compensating the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events, and further improving the accuracy of the early warning of the local micro-displacement of the cathode line.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of establishing a propagation model of electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals inside an electrostatic precipitator include: Obtain the operating environment parameters inside the electrostatic precipitator, including gas pressure P, gas temperature T, gas humidity H, dust concentration C_dust in the flue gas, and key flue gas component composition G_comp; obtain the center frequency f_em of the electromagnetic signal and the center frequency f_ac of the acoustic signal; obtain the equipment structure parameters S_geo inside the electrostatic precipitator; obtain the electrical operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator, including operating voltage U and operating current I; Based on the gas temperature T and the key components of the flue gas G_comp, the reference propagation velocity v_ac of the acoustic signal is determined; based on the gas pressure P, gas temperature T, gas humidity H, dust concentration C_dust in the flue gas and the center frequency f_ac of the acoustic signal, the reference attenuation coefficient α_ac of the acoustic signal is determined; Determine the reference propagation velocity v_em of the electromagnetic signal based on the gas temperature T, gas pressure P, and dust concentration C_dust in the flue gas; determine the reference attenuation coefficient α_em of the electromagnetic signal based on the gas temperature T, gas pressure P, dust concentration C_dust in the flue gas, center frequency f_em of the electromagnetic signal, and equipment structural parameters S_geo; Obtain the operating environment parameters, electrical operating parameters and corresponding measured propagation characteristics within the historical time period to form a calibration data set D_hist; Based on the calibration data set D_hist, operating environment parameters, and electrical operating parameters, determine the propagation velocity correction value Δv_ac and the attenuation coefficient correction value Δα_ac of the acoustic signal; determine the propagation velocity correction value Δv_em and the attenuation coefficient correction value Δα_em of the electromagnetic signal; Combining the reference propagation velocity v_ac of the acoustic signal and the propagation velocity correction value Δv_ac, the corrected propagation velocity v_ac_corr of the acoustic signal is obtained; combining the reference attenuation coefficient α_ac of the acoustic signal and the attenuation coefficient correction value Δα_ac, the corrected attenuation coefficient α_ac_corr of the acoustic signal is obtained; Combining the reference propagation velocity v_em of the electromagnetic signal and the propagation velocity correction value Δv_em, the corrected propagation velocity v_em_corr of the electromagnetic signal is obtained; combining the reference attenuation coefficient α_em of the electromagnetic signal and the attenuation coefficient correction value Δα_em, the corrected attenuation coefficient α_em_corr of the electromagnetic signal is obtained; The corrected propagation velocity v_ac_corr, the corrected attenuation coefficient α_ac_corr, the corrected propagation velocity v_em_corr and the corrected attenuation coefficient α_em_corr are used as propagation characteristics represented by the propagation model of the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal inside the electrostatic precipitator.

[0046] Among them, the equipment structure parameter S_geo refers to the physical structure information inside the electrostatic precipitator, which can be characterized by information including the plate spacing, cathode line type, electric field segmentation, internal obstacle position, etc., with the purpose of reflecting the influence of the internal space of the electrostatic precipitator on signal propagation; Among them, the key component composition of flue gas G_comp refers to the trace or minor components in the flue gas that have a significant impact on the propagation speed of the acoustic signal, which can be characterized by the concentration and proportion of components including SO2, SO3, NOx, etc., with the purpose of more accurately calculating the propagation speed of the acoustic signal; Among them, the calibration data set D_hist refers to the electrostatic precipitator operating environment parameters, electrical operating parameters and corresponding measured propagation characteristics recorded in the historical time period, which can be stored in the form of a database or file, with the purpose of providing a data basis for model calibration; Among them, the measured propagation characteristics refer to the signal obtained through actual measurement. The properties such as the speed and attenuation degree of propagation from one point to another inside the electrostatic precipitator can be received and calculated by using a sensor array to receive signals, with the aim of providing real propagation data for model calibration; wherein, the propagation speed correction Δv_ac and the attenuation coefficient correction Δα_ac refer to the adjustments made to the baseline propagation speed v_ac and the baseline attenuation coefficient α_ac of the acoustic signal based on historical data and current operating parameters, which can be calculated using a machine learning model or regression analysis method, with the aim of compensating for the deficiencies of the baseline model; wherein, the propagation speed correction Δv_em and the attenuation coefficient correction Δα_em refer to the adjustments made to the baseline propagation speed v_em and the baseline attenuation coefficient α_em of the electromagnetic signal based on historical data and current operating parameters, which can be calculated using a machine learning model or regression analysis method, with the aim of compensating for the deficiencies of the baseline model.

[0047] like Figure 2 The present invention provides a cathode line displacement monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator, which is used for early warning of local micro displacement of the cathode line. The system includes: The signal acquisition module 201 is used to acquire electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals in the electrostatic precipitator; The signal synchronization processing module 202 is used to perform time synchronization processing on the acquired electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal to obtain time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal; A collaborative abnormal event determination module 203 is configured to determine whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a collaborative abnormal event based on a preset spatiotemporal correlation condition, and obtain a collaborative abnormal event determination result and a joint feature of the collaborative abnormal event. The spatiotemporal correlation condition is used to indicate that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source. The operating condition parameter acquisition module 204 is used to obtain the operating condition parameters of the electrostatic precipitator; A joint feature compensation module 205 is configured to compensate the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event according to the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain a compensated joint feature; The fault pattern matching module 206 is used to match the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing the initial local micro displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result; The warning output module 207 is used to determine the occurrence of initial local micro displacement of the cathode line when the matching result is successful, locate the fault source based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and output a warning indication containing positioning information.

[0048] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the displacement of the cathode line inside an electrostatic precipitator, used for early warning of the initial local micro displacement of the cathode line, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Acquire electromagnetic and acoustic signals in the electrostatic precipitator; performing time synchronization processing on the acquired electromagnetic signal and the acquired acoustic signal to obtain time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal; Based on preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions, determine whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signals and the time-synchronized acoustic signals constitute a coordinated abnormal event, and obtain a coordinated abnormal event determination result and a joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event; Obtaining operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator; Compensating the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event according to the acquired operating condition parameter to obtain a compensated joint feature; Matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result; When the matching result is successful, it is determined that an initial local micro displacement of the cathode line occurs, and the fault source is located based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and an early warning indication containing positioning information is output.

2. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatiotemporal correlation condition is used to characterize that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source.

3. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a coordinated abnormal event based on the preset spatiotemporal correlation condition, and obtaining the coordinated abnormal event determination result and the joint features of the coordinated abnormal event includes: Obtain operating environment parameters inside the electrostatic precipitator that affect signal propagation; determining a propagation speed of a signal inside the electrostatic precipitator according to the acquired operating environment parameters; Adjusting a time correlation parameter or a space correlation parameter in the preset time-space correlation condition based on the determined propagation speed and sensor deployment information to obtain an adjusted time-space correlation condition; Based on the adjusted spatiotemporal correlation conditions, it is determined whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a coordinated abnormal event, and a coordinated abnormal event judgment result and a joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event are obtained. The adjusted spatiotemporal correlation conditions are used to characterize that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source.

4. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of compensating the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event according to the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain the compensated joint feature includes: identifying, from the plurality of acquired operating condition parameters, a set of target operating condition parameters that have a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal event; For each target operating condition parameter in the identified set of target operating condition parameters, determining an independent influence of the target operating condition parameter on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event under the condition that other target operating condition parameters in the set of target operating condition parameters are in a preset reference state; Determining the total impact of the identified set of target operating condition parameters acting together on the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal event; Determining a coupled influence amount of a set of target operating condition parameters on a joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event based on a difference between the determined overall influence amount and an arithmetic sum of independent influence amounts of each target operating condition parameter in the set of target operating condition parameters; Combining the determined independent influence amount of each target operating condition parameter and the determined coupled influence amount of a group of target operating condition parameters, compensation is performed on the joint feature of the collaborative abnormal event to obtain a compensated joint feature.

5. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of identifying a set of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal event from the acquired multiple operating condition parameters includes: Under preset update conditions, obtaining multiple operating condition parameters within a historical time period and joint features of collaborative abnormal events corresponding to the multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period; Based on the obtained multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period and the joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events corresponding to the multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period, analyzing the difference between the comprehensive impact of different parameter combinations among the multiple operating condition parameters within the historical time period on the corresponding joint characteristics of the coordinated abnormal events and the sum of the independent impacts of each parameter, to obtain the difference; Adjusting, based on the obtained differences, a discrimination condition for identifying a set of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the current collaborative abnormal event from the multiple currently obtained operating condition parameters to obtain an adjusted discrimination condition; Based on the obtained adjusted discrimination condition and the multiple operating condition parameters currently obtained, a group of target operating condition parameters having a coupling effect on the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal event are identified from the multiple operating condition parameters currently obtained.

6. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response mode characterizing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result includes: Matching the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a current matching result; When the current matching result does not meet the preset success criterion, and the operating state of the electrostatic precipitator is monitored to meet the preset mode correction trigger condition, then: Obtaining post-compensation joint feature records in which multiple groups of matching results with preset fault response patterns fail to meet preset success criteria within a period of time after the pattern correction trigger condition is met; Based on the obtained multiple post-compensation joint feature records, analyzing common characteristics represented by the multiple post-compensation joint feature records, and comparing the common characteristics with the preset fault response mode to determine a difference parameter between the two; Adjusting internal parameters or structural definitions of the preset fault response mode according to the determined difference parameter to obtain a revised fault response mode; The modified fault response pattern is used to replace the original preset fault response pattern, so that when the step of matching the compensated joint feature with the fault response pattern is subsequently performed, the modified fault response pattern is used to obtain the subsequent matching result.

7. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of locating the fault source based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal includes: extracting electromagnetic positioning characteristic parameters from the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal; Extracting acoustic positioning feature parameters from the time-synchronized acoustic signal; The location of the fault source is determined based on the extracted electromagnetic positioning characteristic parameters and the extracted acoustic positioning characteristic parameters, and in combination with the difference in propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal inside the electrostatic precipitator.

8. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of combining the difference in propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal inside the electrostatic precipitator comprises: Establishing a propagation model of the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal inside the electrostatic precipitator; Obtaining operating environment parameters inside the electrostatic precipitator; Modifying the propagation model according to the acquired operating environment parameters to obtain a modified propagation model; The location of the fault source is determined by utilizing the difference in propagation characteristics represented by the modified propagation model and combining the difference in propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal inside the electrostatic precipitator.

9. The method for monitoring the internal cathode line displacement of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of determining the total impact amount generated when the identified set of target operating condition parameters act together on the joint characteristics of the collaborative abnormal event includes: Obtaining joint features of the collaborative abnormal events; Obtaining current values ​​of the identified set of target operating condition parameters; Acquire joint features of the collaborative abnormal events under the preset reference state; The difference between the obtained joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event and the obtained joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event under the preset reference state is calculated to obtain the overall impact amount.

10. A cathode line displacement monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator, used for early warning of local micro displacement of the cathode line, characterized in that: The system includes: A signal acquisition module, used to acquire electromagnetic signals and acoustic signals in the electrostatic precipitator; a signal synchronization processing module, configured to perform time synchronization processing on the acquired electromagnetic signal and the acquired acoustic signal to obtain time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and acoustic signal; A collaborative abnormal event judgment module is used to judge whether the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal constitute a collaborative abnormal event based on preset spatiotemporal correlation conditions, and obtain a collaborative abnormal event judgment result and a joint feature of the collaborative abnormal event. The spatiotemporal correlation conditions are used to indicate that the electromagnetic signal and the acoustic signal originate from the same physical source. An operating condition parameter acquisition module, used to obtain the operating condition parameters of the electrostatic precipitator; a joint feature compensation module, configured to compensate the joint feature of the coordinated abnormal event according to the acquired operating condition parameters to obtain a compensated joint feature; a fault pattern matching module, configured to match the compensated joint feature with a preset fault response pattern representing an initial local micro-displacement of the cathode line to obtain a matching result; The early warning output module is used to determine the occurrence of an initial local micro displacement of the cathode line when the matching result is a successful match, locate the fault source based on the time-synchronized electromagnetic signal and the time-synchronized acoustic signal, and output an early warning indication containing positioning information.

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