Gas sampling device and monitoring method for carbon emission of rapid water body

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment monitoring, and particularly relates to a gas sampling device for carbon emission of torrential water and a monitoring method. The gas sampling device comprises a respirator, an air bag, an inflation pump, a laser distance measuring sensor and a controller; the respirator is in a hollow elliptic cylinder shape with an opening in the lower portion, a pair of air holes used for air inlet and air outlet are formed in the top of the respirator, the number of the air bags is even, the air bags are evenly arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the respirator along the long axis of the respirator, and the number of the air bags arranged on the two sides of the long axis is equal. The inflator pump is arranged at the top of the respirator, an air outlet of the inflator pump is in sealed communication with the multiple air bags through an air delivery pipe, and the air delivery pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling on-off of the air delivery pipe; the laser distance measuring sensor is arranged at the top of the respirator and located on the inner side of the respirator; and the controller is respectively connected with the laser distance measuring sensor, the inflator pump and the electromagnetic valve. Buoyancy is dynamically adjusted through the air bag, the gas dissipation risk is reduced, and the accuracy of monitoring data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to a gas sampling device, a portable monitoring device and a monitoring method suitable for carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies. Background Art

[0002] As carbon neutrality targets are advanced, monitoring carbon emissions from water bodies has become a key research focus in the ecological and environmental fields. Turbulent water surfaces, such as sewage treatment plants and rivers, can be susceptible to water impact, leading to equipment tilt and air leakage in the plenum chamber, severely impacting data continuity and accuracy.

[0003] Prior Art 1: The Beijing Aozuo AZG-300 instrument consists of a breathing hood (cylindrical) and a measuring box, and is used to measure greenhouse gas fluxes in water bodies. However, in actual applications, it was found that in turbulent water bodies, the gas in the breathing hood is very easy to escape, resulting in inaccurate measurement data.

[0004] Prior Art 2: Invention Patent CN202310573897.6 describes a water greenhouse gas sampler that utilizes a floating plate to increase the instrument's contact with the water surface and improve measurement accuracy. However, the floating plate itself is 90-110 cm long, and the instrument is over two meters long. This makes it inconvenient to carry and difficult to place in sewage treatment plants and narrow waterways. Furthermore, while the device has some wind resistance, it still presents a risk of gas escape under waves and cannot be monitored.

[0005] Existing Technology 3: Remote sensing monitoring technology (such as satellite spectral analysis) is limited by weather and spatial resolution, and is unable to meet the high-frequency monitoring needs of local areas such as sewage treatment plants. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring method and a portable monitoring device suitable for carbon emissions in turbulent water bodies, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that the gas in the breathing mask is very easy to escape and is greatly affected by the environment.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water bodies, comprising a breathing mask, air bags, an air pump, a laser ranging sensor, and a controller; wherein the breathing mask is a hollow elliptical cylinder with an opening at the bottom, the top of the breathing mask has a pair of air holes for air intake and exhaust, the number of the air bags is even and is evenly arranged on the outside of the side wall of the breathing mask along the long axis of the breathing mask, and the number of air bags arranged on both sides of the long axis is equal; the air pump is arranged at the top of the breathing mask, and the air outlet of the air pump is sealed and connected to the multiple air bags through an air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling the on-off of the air pump; the laser ranging sensor is arranged at the top of the breathing mask and is located on the inside of the breathing mask; the controller is connected to the laser ranging sensor, the air pump, and the electromagnetic valve, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the airbags are round airbags, and there are 6 of them in total.

[0009] Preferably, a handle is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask, and hanging rings are provided at both end points of the long axis of the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask.

[0010] Preferably, a counterweight hook is provided at the inner lower edge of the breathing mask.

[0011] Preferably, an interface group is provided on the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask, a cable is connected to the interface group, and the interface group is connected to the controller.

[0012] Preferably, an electric fan is provided at the center of the lower surface of the top of the breathing mask, and the electric fan is connected to a controller.

[0013] A monitoring device for carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies includes the above-mentioned gas sampling device for carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, and also includes a gas monitor and a gas sampling pump; a pair of the air holes are sealedly connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the gas monitor through two gas pipes, thereby forming a gas circulation loop, and the gas sampling pump is connected to the gas circulation loop.

[0014] A method for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, using the aforementioned device for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Observe the measurement environment and place the breathing mask in the water in the area to be measured.

[0016] S2: Before measurement, six circular airbags are inflated and placed on the surface of the water body to be measured. The distance from the top of the breathing mask to the water surface is measured, and the draft of the breathing mask is calculated. The controller controls the working time of the air pump and adjusts the amount of gas in the airbags according to the distance from the top of the breathing mask to the surface of the water body to be measured fed back by the laser ranging sensor to adjust the buoyancy of the breathing mask. When the draft of the breathing mask is 5cm, the controller closes the solenoid valve and stops the air pump.

[0017] Observe the breathing mask. When the breathing mask is stable as a whole, start the gas sampling pump and electric fan, turn on the gas monitor, and start the measurement work.

[0018] S3: The breathing mask draft is still dynamically detected during the measurement process. Based on the measurement results, it is determined whether the following conditions exist:

[0019] When the measured water depth of the breathing mask is less than 1 cm, it indicates that there is a risk of air leakage in the breathing mask. Turn off the gas sampling pump and gas monitor.

[0020] When the measured draft of the breathing mask meets the following conditions: 1cm≦draft of the breathing mask﹤5cm, the solenoid valve is controlled to open, and the buoyancy of the air bag is changed by the air pump to increase the draft of the breathing mask.

[0021] When the draft of the measuring breathing mask (1) meets the following conditions: 10cm ≥ the draft of the measuring breathing mask ≥ 5cm, it indicates that the measuring state is good.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This solution uses six circular airbags dispersed around the periphery of the mask, providing support from the outside. The airbags increase the mask's contact area with the water, making it stable and less likely to tip over. The airbags dynamically adjust the buoyancy, allowing the height of the mask above the water surface to be adjusted, ensuring the mask's height remains within a reasonable range, reducing the risk of gas escape and ensuring data accuracy.

[0024] 2. Based on the setting of six circular airbags, by controlling the air intake of the circular airbags, the breathing mask can be adjusted longitudinally, ultimately making the breathing mask stable.

[0025] 3. After the round airbag is deflated, it takes up little space and is more convenient to carry.

[0026] 4. Improve the ability to resist water flow impact and ensure stable and safe operation of the instrument.

[0027] 5. Install a laser ranging sensor on the upper side of the breathing mask to monitor the height from the breathing mask to the water surface in real time, promptly control the amount of gas inside the circular airbag, stop collecting gas to reduce the risk of rollover and water ingress, and improve the accuracy of gas flux calculation.

[0028] 6. The device is lightweight and compact, making it easy to carry to different measurement locations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the breathing mask of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a left side structural schematic diagram of the breathing mask of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing mask of the present invention from a top view.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing mask of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0033] In the figure: 1- breathing mask, 2- hanging ring, 3- handle, 4- air hole, 5- laser ranging sensor, 6- air bag, 7- solenoid valve, 8- electric fan, 9- air pump, 10- counterweight hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-4 , a gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water bodies, comprising a breathing mask 1, an air bag 6, an air pump 9, a laser ranging sensor 5 and a controller;

[0037] The breathing mask 1 is a hollow elliptical cylinder with an open bottom, i.e., the breathing mask 1 is an elliptical cylinder without a bottom cover. In specific implementation, the breathing mask 1 has an aspect ratio of approximately 2:1, a height of 30 cm, a major axis of 60 cm, a minor axis of 30 cm, a wall thickness of 4 mm, and a weight of approximately 5.6 kg. The breathing mask 1 is made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and will not cause secondary pollution to the water body; the surface is smooth, and the fluid can flow smoothly along the curved surface. In specific implementation, the major axis of the elliptical cross section is parallel to the direction of the water flow, with a circular arc transition at the front end and a gradual taper at the rear end, forming a low-resistance shape with a blunt front and a pointed rear end, effectively reducing water flow impact and eddy current loss. The longitudinal extension is cylindrical, which facilitates the calculation of the gas volume in the breathing mask under different drafts. The elliptical cross section has high lateral stiffness, which can reduce instrument shaking caused by lateral impact of water flow, such as when the water flow direction changes, such as in an aeration tank. The top of the breathing mask 1 has a pair of air holes 4 for air intake and exhaust. The number of the air bags 6 is an even number and is evenly arranged on the outside of the side wall of the breathing mask 1 along the long axis of the breathing mask 1, and the number of air bags 6 arranged on both sides of the long axis is equal; the air pump 9 is arranged at the top of the breathing mask 1, and the air outlet of the air pump 9 is sealed and connected to the multiple air bags 6 through the air supply pipe. The air supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve to control the on and off of the air bag; the laser ranging sensor 5 is arranged at the top of the breathing mask 1 and is located on the inside of the breathing mask 1; in specific implementation, the number of laser ranging sensors 5 is two, respectively arranged at both ends of the long axis of the breathing mask 1, for measuring the height from the top of the breathing mask 1 to the water surface. The switch of the air pump and the electromagnetic valve is dynamically controlled by the measured height to inflate and deflate the air bags to adjust the buoyancy and ensure that the breathing mask has a draft wave redundancy of 5 cm before the measurement begins.

[0038] In specific implementation, a main airway and several bronchial tubes are provided at the top of the breathing mask 1. The main airway is sealed and connected to the air pump 9. One end of the several bronchial tubes is sealed and connected to the main airway, and the other end is sealed and connected to the airbag 6. A solenoid valve is provided on the main airway to control the opening and closing of the main airway.

[0039] The controller is connected to the laser ranging sensor 5, the air pump 9, and the solenoid valve 7, respectively. In a specific implementation, the signal output end of the laser ranging sensor 5 is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control signal output end of the controller is connected to the air pump 9 and the solenoid valve, respectively, for controlling the start and stop of the air pump 9 and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 7 according to the distance signal input by the laser ranging sensor 5.

[0040] Specifically, the airbags 6 are circular airbags, with a total number of 6. In specific implementation, the airbags 6 are 6 hollow inflatable bags with a diameter of 15 cm, evenly distributed on both sides of the long side of the breathing mask, 3 on each side, and the center line of the float is 10 cm away from the bottom.

[0041] Specifically, a handle 3 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask 1. Hanging rings 2 are provided at both ends of the long axis of the top surface of the breathing mask 1. The hanging ring 2 and handle 3 are made of the same material as the breathing mask 1. During use, the breathing mask is secured to the shore or to railings between sewage treatment equipment, such as aeration tanks or reactors, by a rope connected to the semicircular ring of the hanging ring 2. This prevents water flow from dislodging or uncontrolled floating, and keeps the breathing mask within the designated monitoring area. The handles 3 are symmetrically located at the two ends of the long axis of the elliptical cylinder to balance forces and prevent eccentric pulling that could cause the device to tilt or flip. The long axis is oriented downstream, and the semicircular rings are positioned in this direction to reduce the impact of lateral water flow on the pulling rope. The provision of handle 3 facilitates lifting the top cover 2 or breathing mask 1 as a whole. If there are no fixed railings or tree stumps at the measurement site, a gravity anchor or screw anchor can be selected based on the underwater environment. An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene rope can be connected to the hook at the bottom of the instrument for anchoring. Alternatively, a person wearing a life jacket can tow the instrument from the shore. In both cases, safety precautions must be taken and emergency devices such as quick release buckles must be installed to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0042] Specifically, a counterweight hook 10 is provided at the inner lower edge of the breathing mask 1. In practice, if the water is too turbulent and the breathing mask is at risk of capsizing, an adjustable counterweight can be added to the bottom. By adding or removing weight and adjusting the mounting position, the center of gravity can be altered. The airbag inflation volume can also be fine-tuned based on the capsizing direction. Measurements can be restarted after the instrument's posture stabilizes. Depending on actual conditions, two 0.6kg stainless steel counterweights can be added to the bottom of the breathing mask in highly turbulent waters. By adding counterweights to the bottom of the breathing mask, the center of gravity can be lowered below the waterline, improving its anti-capsulation capability.

[0043] Specifically, an interface group is provided on the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask 1, to which a cable is connected, and the interface group is connected to a controller. The interface group is used to connect external data cables, power cables, etc., for data reception and control of the controller and power supply of electrical appliances. The interface group is located on the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask 1. If necessary, a waterproof film or waterproof cover is set on the upper part of the interface group to ensure normal data transmission and power supply while preventing water ingress. For electrical appliances on the upper part, such as the air pump 9, the cable can be passed through and connected to the corresponding electrical appliance, and the passing position is sealed.

[0044] Specifically, an electric fan 8 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the top of the breathing mask 1. The electric fan 8 is connected to a controller. The lower edge of the side wall of the breathing mask 1 is located below the water surface. Therefore, the breathing mask 1 and the water surface form a closed cavity. At this time, the stirring of the electric fan 8 makes the gas concentration in the cavity more uniform, providing a more reliable gas sample for subsequent monitoring.

[0045] Example 2: A monitoring device for carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, including a gas sampling device for carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies in Example 1, and also including a gas monitor and a gas sampling pump; a pair of air holes 4 are sealedly connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the gas monitor through two gas pipes, thereby forming a gas circulation loop, and the gas sampling pump is connected to the gas circulation loop.

[0046] The gas sampling pump draws the gas in the breathing mask 1 into the gas monitor through an air hole 4 on the breathing mask 1 through the air inlet end of the gas monitor. The gas monitor detects the gas, and the detected gas enters the breathing mask 1 through the air outlet end of the gas monitor and another air hole 4 on the breathing mask 1.

[0047] Example 3: A method for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, using the device for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies described in Example 2, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: Observe the measurement environment and place the breathing mask 1 in the water of the area to be measured; use the hanging ring 2 on the breathing mask to fix the breathing mask to the shore railing, tree stump and other facilities to ensure that the breathing mask does not move significantly.

[0049] S2: Before measurement, the six circular air bags 6 are inflated and placed on the surface of the water body to be measured. The distance from the top of the breathing mask 1 to the water surface is measured, and the draft of the breathing mask 1 is calculated. The draft is the height of the side wall of the breathing mask 1 submerged under the water body, which is equal to the height of the side wall of the breathing mask 1 minus the height from the top of the breathing mask 1 to the water surface. The controller controls the working time of the air pump 9 according to the distance from the top of the breathing mask 1 to the surface of the water body to be measured fed back by the laser ranging sensor 5, adjusts the amount of gas in the air bag 6, and adjusts the buoyancy of the breathing mask 1. When the draft of the breathing mask 1 is 5 cm, the controller closes the solenoid valve and stops the air pump 9, and observes the status of the breathing mask 1 for 2 minutes.

[0050] When the breathing mask 1 is stable as a whole and the laser sensor measurement height of the breathing mask 1 is adjusted to be leak-proof < about 25 cm, start the sample gas sampling pump and fan, start the measurement work, start the gas sampling pump and electric fan 8, turn on the gas monitor, and start the measurement work.

[0051] S3: During the measurement process, the draft of the breathing mask 1 is still dynamically detected. Based on the measurement results, it is determined whether the following conditions exist:

[0052] When the measured water depth of breathing mask 1 is less than 1 cm, it indicates that there is a risk of air leakage in breathing mask 1, and the gas sampling pump and gas monitor are turned off.

[0053] When the measured draft of the breathing mask 1 meets the following conditions: measured 1cm≦draft of the breathing mask 1﹤5cm, the solenoid valve is controlled to open, and the buoyancy of the air bag 6 is changed by the air pump 9 to increase the draft of the breathing mask 1 and ensure measurement safety.

[0054] When the measured draft of the breathing mask 1 satisfies the following conditions: 10 cm ≥ 5 cm, the measurement is considered good. The initial setting of 5 cm is for wave redundancy. By measuring the distance from the top of the breathing mask to the water surface, we know the height of the volume inside the breathing mask and can calculate the volume inside the breathing mask in real time. This is used to convert the obtained volume concentration data into the emission flux of gas escaping from the water surface. The laser ranging sensor 5 is installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the breathing mask 1. It emits laser light from top to bottom. After the laser light is reflected by the water, it reaches the receiving end of the laser ranging sensor 5. The time difference between emission and reception is calculated. The speed of the laser light in air is considered a constant, and the height of the laser ranging sensor 5 from the water surface can be calculated. Here, the laser emitting end of the laser ranging sensor 5 is assumed to be flush with the upper surface of the inner cavity of the breathing mask 1. The measured distance is the distance between the upper end of the inner cavity of the breathing mask 1 and the water surface. Since the cross-section of the breathing mask 1 is a uniform ellipse, the gas volume inside the breathing mask 1 can be calculated by measuring the height. The air pump 9 and the valves of the air pipe network are dynamically controlled based on the measured altitude to inflate and deflate the circular airbag 6, adjusting its buoyancy. This ensures that the breathing mask 1 has a 5cm draft and wave margin before measurement begins. During gas collection, the operating draft is controlled to 5cm-10cm to ensure a sufficient cavity volume for gas collection and to prevent the risk of leakage or water ingress.

[0055] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water bodies, characterized in that: It comprises a breathing mask (1), an air bag (6), an air pump (9), a laser distance sensor (5) and a controller; The breathing mask (1) is in the shape of an elliptical cylinder with a hollow interior and an opening at the bottom. The top of the breathing mask (1) has a pair of air holes (4) for air intake and air exhaust. The number of the air bags (6) is an even number and is evenly arranged on the outside of the side wall of the breathing mask (1) along the long axis of the breathing mask (1), and the number of the air bags (6) arranged on both sides of the long axis is equal. The air pump (9) is arranged on the top of the breathing mask (1), and the air outlet of the air pump (9) is sealed and connected to the plurality of air bags (6) through an air supply pipe. The air supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve (7) for controlling the on-off of the air pump. The laser distance sensor (5) is arranged on the top of the breathing mask (1) and is located on the inside of the breathing mask (1). The controller is connected to the laser distance sensor (5), the air pump (9) and the electromagnetic valve (7) respectively.

2. A gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbags (6) are circular airbags, and there are 6 of them in total.

3. The gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (3) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask (1), and hanging rings (2) are provided at both end points of the long axis of the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask (1).

4. The gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight hook (10) is provided at the inner lower edge of the breathing mask (1).

5. A gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water according to claim 4, characterized in that: An interface group is provided on the upper surface of the top of the breathing mask (1), a cable is connected to the interface group, and the interface group is connected to a controller.

6. The gas sampling device for carbon emissions in turbulent water according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electric fan (8) is provided at the center of the lower surface of the top of the breathing mask (1), and the electric fan (8) is connected to a controller.

7. A device for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, characterized by: A gas sampling device for carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies comprising the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a gas monitor and a gas sampling pump; a pair of the air holes (4) are sealedly connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the gas monitor through two gas pipes, thereby forming a gas circulation loop, and the gas sampling pump is connected to the gas circulation loop.

8. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies, characterized by: The device for monitoring carbon emissions from turbulent water bodies according to claim 7 comprises the following steps: S1: Observe the measurement environment and place the breathing mask (1) in the water in the area to be measured; S2: Before measurement, the six circular air bags (6) are in an inflated state and placed on the surface of the water body to be measured. The distance from the top of the breathing mask (1) to the water surface is measured, and the draft of the breathing mask (1) is calculated. The controller controls the working time of the air pump (9) and adjusts the amount of gas in the air bag (6) according to the distance from the top of the breathing mask (1) to the surface of the water body to be measured fed back by the laser distance sensor (5) to achieve buoyancy adjustment of the breathing mask (1). When the draft of the breathing mask (1) is 5 cm, the controller closes the solenoid valve and stops the air pump (9); Observe the breathing mask (1), and when the breathing mask (1) is stable as a whole, start the gas sampling pump and the electric fan (8), turn on the gas monitor, and start the measurement work; S3: During the measurement process, the draft of the breathing mask (1) is still dynamically detected, and based on the measurement results, it is determined whether the following conditions exist: When the measured water depth of the breathing mask (1) is less than 1 cm, it indicates that there is a risk of air leakage in the breathing mask (1), and the gas sampling pump and the gas monitor are turned off; When the measured draft of the breathing mask (1) satisfies the following conditions: 1cm≦draft of the breathing mask (1)﹤5cm, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to open, and the buoyancy of the air bag (6) is changed by the air pump (9), thereby increasing the draft of the breathing mask (1); When the draft of the measuring breathing mask (1) meets the following conditions: 10cm ≥ the draft of the measuring breathing mask (1) ≥ 5cm, it indicates that the measuring state is good.

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