Dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element and antenna array

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element and an antenna array used in the field of signal antennae, patch units of the antenna array element comprise patch unit groups composed of left-handed patch units and right-handed patch units, and the four patch unit groups are rotationally arranged on the top surface of a dielectric substrate. The polarization phase difference between the adjacent left-handed patch units and the adjacent right-handed patch units is 90 degrees, and the polarization phase difference between the patch units in the same patch unit group is 90 degrees; a substrate inner cavity is formed in the dielectric substrate, feed networks are arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and the substrate inner cavity, the left-handed patch unit and the right-handed patch unit are respectively connected with the feed networks, and the feed phase difference provided by the feed networks for any adjacent patch units is 90 degrees; the metal floor is provided with a pre-drilling hole, and the SMA connector is arranged in the pre-drilling hole and is connected with the feed network through the probe. According to the antenna array element and the antenna array, stable, reliable and non-interfering dual-channel same-frequency simultaneous data transmission can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of signal antennas, and in particular to a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna element and an antenna array. Background Art

[0002] Dual-channel, co-frequency, simultaneous data transmission technology, which uses two independent communication channels in parallel to transmit data, has many important applications. For example, in emergency rescue or firefighting scenarios, individual equipment on-site needs to simultaneously transmit live video streams or positioning data. In telemedicine and surgical collaboration, patient vital sign monitoring data and surgical instruction data need to be transmitted in parallel. Compared to dual-frequency solutions, dual-channel, co-frequency, simultaneous data transmission enables co-frequency multiplexing, offering significant advantages in time synchronization, transmission reliability, frequency band resource efficiency, and security.

[0003] Dual circularly polarized antennas have two radiation modes: left-handed polarization (LHCP) and right-handed polarization (RHCP). These two modes are orthogonal to each other, creating a natural isolation within the same frequency band. The mutual coupling between LHCP and RHCP is extremely low, allowing for independent data transmission. Currently, most dual circularly polarized antennas are dual-band or multi-band, making it difficult to achieve co-frequency signal transmission based on existing structures. Some technical solutions utilize a method of activating corresponding channels at different times to achieve time-segmented LHCP or RHCP co-frequency signal radiation. Currently, there is a lack of antenna design solutions that achieve co-frequency simultaneous data transmission. Furthermore, dual circularly polarized antennas are relatively complex in structure, involving a large number of component types, resulting in large size and poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna element and antenna array that can achieve stable, reliable, and non-interfering dual-channel, same-frequency, and simultaneous data transmission.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element, comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal floor, and a patch unit, specifically adopting the following technical solutions: The patch units are divided into left-handed patch units and right-handed patch units. One left-handed patch unit and one right-handed patch unit form a patch unit group. The four patch unit groups are arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate in a rotationally symmetrical manner about the center of the dielectric substrate. The polarization phase difference between the two left-handed patch units in any two adjacent patch unit groups in the clockwise direction is -90°, the polarization phase difference between the two right-handed patch units is 90°, and the polarization phase difference between the left-handed patch unit and the right-handed patch unit in any same patch unit group is 90°. A substrate cavity is defined within the dielectric substrate, and a feeding network leading to the patch unit is provided on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and the middle portion of the bottom surface of the substrate cavity. The left-handed patch unit and the right-handed patch unit are respectively connected to a feeding network. In a clockwise direction, the feeding phase difference provided by the feeding network for any adjacent left-handed patch unit is -90°, and the feeding phase difference provided for any adjacent right-handed patch unit is 90°. The metal floor is arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate. A pre-drilled hole is opened in the middle of the metal floor, which passes through the dielectric substrate and leads to the feeding network. The SMA connector is arranged in the pre-drilled hole and is connected to each feeding network through a probe.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, left-handed and right-handed patches are arrayed separately on a single antenna array element. The two have the same structure but a phase difference of 90°, which can achieve simultaneous signal transmission at the same frequency. By providing an inner cavity structure on the dielectric substrate, different feeding networks are arranged in layers. The left-handed and right-handed patch arrays are respectively connected to the feeding networks of different layers without interfering with each other, thereby realizing mutually orthogonal and isolated left-handed and right-handed polarized signal channels.

[0007] Preferably, the patch unit is a linearly polarized rectangular patch, and the feeding point of the patch unit is located at the midpoint of the side of the patch unit facing the feeding network.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, the rectangular patch can provide pure linear polarization components, achieve orthogonality through spatial rotation, and obtain high circular polarization purity. Its physical direction directly controls the polarization characteristics, is compatible with sequential rotation feeding, and is suitable for the construction of dual circular polarization arrays.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding network includes one 180° hybrid bridge and two 90° hybrid bridges; The SMA connector is connected to a 180° hybrid bridge arranged in the middle of the feed network. The two output ends of the 180° hybrid bridge are respectively connected to the input ends of a 90° hybrid bridge. The two output ends of the 90° hybrid bridge are respectively connected to the feed points of two adjacent left-handed patch units or two right-handed patch units. The patch units connected to the two 90° hybrid bridges are different.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, phase separation of the same-source feeding signal is achieved, and one feeding signal is divided into four signals of equal amplitude and respectively sent to four patch units. The phase difference of each signal is 90°, so that left-hand polarization or right-hand polarization can be achieved in conjunction with a left-handed patch array or a right-handed patch array.

[0011] Preferably, the 90° hybrid bridge is located at the midpoint of the feed point line of the two patch units connected to it, and the 180° hybrid bridge is located on a parallel line of the feed point line of the two patch units connected to the 90° hybrid bridge, and the parallel line passes through the center of the dielectric substrate.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the path lengths of the feed lines in the feed network leading to the feed lines of the patch unit are equal. After the feed signal is phase-separated by the 180° hybrid bridge and the 90° hybrid bridge, phase deflection will not occur due to the inconsistent path lengths of the feed lines, thereby reducing the circular polarization purity.

[0013] Preferably, the 180° hybrid bridges of the two feeding networks on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and in the inner cavity of the substrate are staggered in the vertical direction, and the two 180° hybrid bridges are symmetrical about the central axis of the dielectric substrate.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the 180° hybrid bridges of the two different layers of the feeding network are staggered, so that there will be no interference when the SMA connector is connected to the two 180° hybrid bridges through the pre-drilled holes. At the same time, the path lengths of the feeding lines leading to the patch units from the two different layers of the feeding network can be equal, so that the feeding signal does not undergo phase deflection and the left-hand polarization and right-hand polarization are guaranteed to be strictly orthogonal.

[0015] Preferably, a feeder tunnel leading to the patch unit feeding point is opened on the top surface of the substrate cavity, and the feeder of the substrate cavity bottom feeding network extends vertically upward along the side wall of the substrate cavity and is connected to the patch unit feeding point through the feeder tunnel.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the connection between the feeding network in the inner cavity of the substrate and the patch unit arranged on the top surface of the substrate is realized, thereby realizing the mutual isolation of the feeding networks with different circular polarization directions and avoiding the radiation interference between the feeding networks arranged on the same layer.

[0017] Preferably, for the pre-drilled hole leading to the feeding network on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a probe channel connecting the top surface of the dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided in the inner cavity of the substrate, and the probe of the SMA connector leads to the feeding network on the top surface of the dielectric substrate along the probe channel, and the material of the probe channel is the same as that of the dielectric substrate.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, by setting a probe channel in the inner cavity of the substrate, the probe of the SMA connector can be effectively isolated from interference when passing through the inner cavity of the substrate to the feeding network on the top of the dielectric substrate, thereby preventing the probe of the SMA connector from generating radiation interference within the spatial range of the inner cavity of the substrate when transmitting signals of the feeding network on the top of the dielectric substrate, thereby affecting the feeding network in the inner cavity of the dielectric substrate.

[0019] Preferably, the dielectric substrate and the probe channel are constructed of ceramic material by 3D printing, and the ceramic material is one of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum nitride or silicon nitride.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the material of the dielectric substrate is optimized, providing a material selection suitable for 3D printing, capable of constructing the dielectric substrate cavity and probe channel structure, and with a dielectric coefficient, material structural strength and material heat resistance that meet the requirements of antenna applications.

[0021] Preferably, any adjacent left-handed patch units and right-handed patch units are separated by metal vias.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the electromagnetic isolation between the left-handed patch unit and the right-handed patch edge is improved through the metal vias, thereby suppressing the mutual coupling interference between the two.

[0023] In the second aspect, the present application provides an antenna array, and the technical solution adopted includes a number of the above-mentioned dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements arranged in a ring, the number of dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements is an even number, and the rotation angles of any adjacent dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements are equal.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present application realizes the separate arraying of left-handed patches and right-handed patches on a single patch antenna array element. The two have the same structure and orthogonal phases, thereby enabling dual-channel, same-frequency, and simultaneous data transmission.

[0025] 2. The present application can provide left-hand polarization and right-hand polarization of antenna array elements with higher circular polarization purity, and ensure that the left-hand polarization and right-hand polarization channels maintain a phase difference of 90°, so that the two signal channels have higher isolation, avoid channel crosstalk, and have smaller signal phase errors, thus avoiding axial ratio deterioration of either left-hand polarization or right-hand polarization.

[0026] 3. This application avoids interference between left-hand polarization and right-hand polarization feeding networks by setting up a double-layer feeding network, reduces the signal bit error rate, and improves signal transmission reliability.

[0027] 4. The present application has a simple structure, few components, is easy to implement, and can reduce the cross-sectional height of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic side view of a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 Schematic top view of the top surface of a dielectric substrate of a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic top view of the inner cavity of a dielectric substrate of a dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the present application, they are protected by patent law.

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that in the optional embodiments of the present application, when the embodiments in the present application are applied to specific products or technologies, the object information and other related data involved need to obtain the object's permission or consent, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data need to comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions. In other words, if the embodiments of the present application involve data related to the object, it needs to be obtained through the authorization and consent of the object, the authorization and consent of the relevant departments, and in compliance with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the country and region. If personal information is involved in the embodiments, the acquisition of all personal information requires the consent of the individual. If sensitive information is involved, the separate consent of the information subject needs to be obtained. The embodiments also need to be implemented with the authorization and consent of the object.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] See also Figure 1 A dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to an embodiment of the present application includes a dielectric substrate 1, a metal floor 2, and a patch unit 3.

[0033] See also Figure 2 The patch unit 3 is divided into a left-handed patch unit 31 and a right-handed patch unit 32. A left-handed patch unit 31 and a right-handed patch unit 32 form a patch unit group. The four patch unit groups are arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate in a rotationally symmetrical manner about the center of the dielectric substrate.

[0034] To achieve simultaneous data transmission of left-handed polarization (LHCP) and right-handed polarization (RHCP) at the same frequency and with channels isolated from each other, it is necessary to ensure that both have high polarization purity and a strict 90° phase difference between the two channels.

[0035] To this end, the polarization phase difference between the two left-handed patch elements in any two adjacent patch element groups in the clockwise direction is -90°, and the polarization phase difference between the two right-handed patch elements is 90°; the polarization phase difference between the left-handed patch elements and the right-handed patch elements in any same patch element group is 90°. Through the above-mentioned patch element array, the four left-handed patch elements 31 can form an LHCP, and the four right-handed patch elements 32 can form a right-handed RHCP. The two arrays have consistent spatial physical structure and orthogonal phases, enabling co-frequency signal transmission.

[0036] More specifically, each patch element is a linearly polarized rectangular patch of the same shape but with different polarization directions. The patch element's feed point is located at the midpoint of the patch element's side facing the feed network. The rectangular patch provides pure linearly polarized components, which are orthogonalized through spatial rotation, resulting in high circular polarization purity. Furthermore, its physical orientation directly controls polarization characteristics, making it compatible with sequential rotational feeding and suitable for constructing dual circularly polarized arrays.

[0037] To achieve simultaneous signal transmission for both LHCP and RHCP channels, separate feed networks must be configured for both. If these feed networks are configured on the same dielectric substrate, the feed lines of the different feed networks will physically interfere with each other, making layout difficult. Furthermore, due to the close proximity between the two feed networks, the electromagnetic field radiated by one feed network can directly couple to the adjacent feed network, causing energy crosstalk and compromising the isolation between the LHCP and RHCP channels.

[0038] To this end, in an embodiment of the present application, a substrate cavity 11 is provided inside the dielectric substrate 1. A feeding network 4 consisting of microstrip lines leading to the patch units is provided on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and in the middle of the bottom surface of the substrate cavity 11. The left-handed patch unit 31 and the right-handed patch unit 32 are each connected to a feeding network. In the clockwise direction, the feeding phase difference provided by the feeding network to any adjacent left-handed patch unit 31 is -90°, and the feeding phase difference provided to any adjacent right-handed patch unit 32 is 90°. In this embodiment, the feeding network 4 on the top layer of the dielectric substrate 1 is connected to the left-handed patch unit 31, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown; the substrate cavity 11 of the feed network 4 is connected to the right-hand patch unit 32, as Figure 3 shown.

[0039] More specifically, taking left-hand polarization as an example, to achieve circular polarization, the feed network 4 needs to provide feed signals with a phase difference of 90° for any adjacent left-hand polarized patches 31. In this embodiment, the specific implementation method is as follows: the input end of the feed point network 4 is directly connected to the 180° hybrid bridge 41, so that the signal is divided into two signals with a phase difference of 180°. The signals are then respectively input into the 90° hybrid bridge 42. The two outputs of the 90° hybrid bridge 42 further split the input signal into two output signals with a phase difference of 90°, which are transmitted to two adjacent left-hand polarized patches 31. This ensures that the phase difference of the clockwise feed signals of the four left-hand polarized patches 31 is -90°.

[0040] It should be noted that, since the length of the feed line of the feed network will also affect the phase of the feed signal, the above technical solution makes it possible to accurately and conveniently control the path length of the feed line without having to intersect or detour the feed line of the feed network. In order to ensure that the phase difference of the feed signal leading to different left-handed polarized patches 31 is strictly controlled at 90°, it is necessary to ensure that the length of the feed line leading to each left-handed polarized patch 31 is equal. Therefore, the 90° hybrid bridge 42 is located at the midpoint of the feed point connection line of the two left-handed patch units 31 to which it is connected, and the 180° hybrid bridge 41 is located on the parallel line L of the feed point connection line of the two patch units connected by the 90° hybrid bridge 42, which passes through the center of the dielectric substrate. In this way, the distance from the 180° hybrid bridge 41 to each left-handed patch 31 is equal. The method of controlling the phase of the feeding signal by adjusting the path length of the microstrip line requires high process precision and will produce a large phase error; the technical solution adopted in this application, through a phase-separated hybrid bridge and a specific setting position of the phase-separated hybrid bridge, can make the path length of the feeding line strictly equal, thereby reducing the process precision requirements for the feeding network and making the phase control of the feeding signal more precise.

[0041] The specific implementation of right-hand polarization is similar to that of left-hand polarization and will not be further described here. To achieve strict orthogonality between the polarization directions of left-hand and right-hand polarization, the length of the feed line leading to each left-hand polarized patch 31 and the length of the feed line leading to each right-hand polarized patch 32 must also be equal. This can be achieved by symmetrically arranging the feed network on the top layer of the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed network of the basic inner cavity 11.

[0042] It should be noted that in order to connect the feeding network of the substrate cavity 11 to the feeding point of the right-handed patch 32, a feeder tunnel 12 leading to the patch unit feeding point is opened on the top surface of the substrate cavity 11, and the feeder of the substrate cavity bottom feeding network extends vertically upward along the side wall of the substrate cavity and is connected to the feeding point of the patch unit through the feeder tunnel. It should also be noted that although the length of this vertically upward feeder line causes a path difference between the feeder line of the substrate cavity 11 and the feeder network at the top of the dielectric substrate 1, since the probe of the SMA connector connected to the 180° hybrid bridge 41 of the two feed networks at the bottom of the dielectric substrate also includes this path difference, the two cancel each other out. Therefore, it can be considered that this feeder line will not affect the phase orthogonality of the left-handed polarization and right-handed polarization feed signals.

[0043] A metal floor 2 is placed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate. Pre-drilled holes are drilled through the dielectric substrate and lead to the feed networks in the center of the metal floor. SMA connectors 21 are placed within these pre-drilled holes and connect to each feed network via probes. More specifically, the SMA connectors 21 connect to a 180° hybrid bridge located in the center of the feed network. To prevent interference, the 180° hybrid bridges for the two feed networks are vertically staggered on the top surface and within the substrate cavity. The two 180° hybrid bridges are symmetrical about the central axis of the dielectric substrate, ensuring that the path lengths of the feed lines for the different feed networks remain equal.

[0044] In another embodiment, a probe channel 12 is provided in the substrate cavity 11 to connect the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate cavity, providing a pre-drilled hole leading to the feed network on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The probe of the SMA connector is routed along the probe channel 13 to the feed network on the top surface of the dielectric substrate. The probe channel is made of the same material as the dielectric substrate.

[0045] Preferably, the dielectric substrate and the probe channel are constructed using 3D printing from a ceramic material selected from alumina, zirconia, aluminum nitride, or silicon nitride. Ceramic materials meet the performance requirements of 3D printing, enabling the construction of a dielectric substrate with an internal cavity structure and a probe channel. They also possess high structural strength. As an antenna dielectric substrate, they also offer the advantages of low loss at high frequencies, high-temperature stability, and high thermal conductivity. Their dielectric constant, structural strength, and heat resistance meet the requirements of antenna applications.

[0046] In another embodiment, any adjacent left-handed patch units and right-handed patch units are separated by metal vias 14 to improve electromagnetic isolation between the left-handed patch units and the right-handed patch units and suppress mutual coupling interference between the two.

[0047] In another embodiment, an antenna array of an embodiment of the present application includes: a plurality of the above-mentioned dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements arranged in a ring, the number of dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements is an even number, and the rotation angles of any adjacent dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements are equal.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element, comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal floor, and a patch unit, characterized in that: The patch units are divided into left-handed patch units and right-handed patch units. One left-handed patch unit and one right-handed patch unit form a patch unit group. The four patch unit groups are arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate in a rotationally symmetrical manner about the center of the dielectric substrate. The polarization phase difference between the two left-handed patch units in any two adjacent patch unit groups in the clockwise direction is -90°, the polarization phase difference between the two right-handed patch units is 90°, and the polarization phase difference between the left-handed patch unit and the right-handed patch unit in any same patch unit group is 90°. A substrate cavity is defined within the dielectric substrate, and a feeding network leading to the patch unit is provided on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and the middle portion of the bottom surface of the substrate cavity. The left-handed patch unit and the right-handed patch unit are respectively connected to a feeding network. In a clockwise direction, the feeding phase difference provided by the feeding network for any adjacent left-handed patch unit is -90°, and the feeding phase difference provided for any adjacent right-handed patch unit is 90°. The metal floor is arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate. A pre-drilled hole is opened in the middle of the metal floor, which passes through the dielectric substrate and leads to the feeding network. The SMA connector is arranged in the pre-drilled hole and is connected to each feeding network through a probe.

2. A dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patch unit is a linearly polarized rectangular patch, and the feeding point of the patch unit is located at the midpoint of a side of the patch unit facing the feeding network.

3. A dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding network includes one 180° hybrid bridge and two 90° hybrid bridges; The SMA connector is connected to a 180° hybrid bridge arranged in the middle of the feed network. The two output ends of the 180° hybrid bridge are respectively connected to the input ends of a 90° hybrid bridge. The two output ends of the 90° hybrid bridge are respectively connected to the feed points of two adjacent left-handed patch units or two right-handed patch units. The patch units connected to the two 90° hybrid bridges are different.

4. A dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 3, characterized in that: The 90° hybrid bridge is located at the midpoint of the feed point connection line of the two patch units connected to it, and the 180° hybrid bridge is located on a parallel line of the feed point connection line of the two patch units connected to the 90° hybrid bridge, and the parallel line passes through the center of the dielectric substrate.

5. The dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The 180° hybrid bridges of the two feeding networks on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and in the inner cavity of the substrate are staggered in the vertical direction, and the two 180° hybrid bridges are symmetrical about the central axis of the dielectric substrate.

6. The dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeder tunnel leading to the patch unit feeding point is opened on the top surface of the substrate cavity. The feeder of the substrate cavity bottom surface feeding network extends vertically upward along the side wall of the substrate cavity and is connected to the patch unit feeding point through the feeder tunnel.

7. The dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 1, characterized in that: For the pre-drilled hole leading to the feeding network on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a probe channel connecting the top surface of the dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided in the inner cavity of the substrate. The probe of the SMA connector leads to the feeding network on the top surface of the dielectric substrate along the probe channel. The material of the probe channel is the same as that of the dielectric substrate.

8. The dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate and the probe channel are constructed by 3D printing using a ceramic material, wherein the ceramic material is one of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum nitride or silicon nitride.

9. The dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna array element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any adjacent left-handed patch units and right-handed patch units are separated by metal vias.

10. An antenna array, characterized in that: include: A plurality of dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are arranged in a ring, the number of the dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements is an even number, and the rotation angles of any adjacent dual circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna elements are equal.

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