Complex curved generatrix local splitting spinning forming method

Abstract

The invention discloses a local splitting spinning forming method for a complex curved generatrix, and belongs to the technical field of spinning forming of the complex curved generatrix. Comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a blank: determining the size of a prefabricated blank and preparing the blank according to the principle that the size of a target spinning part and the volume of a deformation area are not changed, S2, preheating a mold: preheating the mold to 70-80 DEG C by adopting an induction heating system, S3, mounting the blank, S4, heating the blank: rotating a main shaft at a low speed, and heating the blank to 700-800 DEG C by utilizing the induction heating system, S5, separating a penetration point, and S5, carrying out injection molding. And S6, local spinning is conducted, specifically, the forming supporting disc used during separation is detached, the split type forming supporting disc is installed, a spinning machine is started, the temperature of a deformation area is kept at 700-800 DEG C through a heat compensation device, and multi-pass spinning forming is conducted. The material utilization rate is high, the machining efficiency is high, the adaptability is high, and the material strength performance can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of complex curved busbar spinning, and more particularly to a method for locally splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the automotive industry, high-performance, high-speed, and heavy-load automotive wheels are widely used in the industry. However, due to manufacturing process limitations, wheel hub manufacturing is currently mainly carried out through machining, 3D printing, casting, welding, and other methods. The size of the machined blank is generally much larger than the required size and thickness, so a large number of turning and milling processes are required to achieve the target size. This processing method has a high material waste rate, low processing efficiency, and large equipment usage. 3D printing technology is complex, has high stability and cost, and a long production cycle. The casting process is difficult to eliminate internal defects and has low microstructure and performance. The welding process has high requirements for welders, and internal defects and local deformation are difficult to control. These processing methods are difficult to meet high load-bearing requirements, which directly affects the safety and stability of the wheel hub. In view of this, we propose a method for local splitting and spinning of complex curved busbars. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar comprises the following steps: S1 Blank preparation: According to the size of the target spun part and the principle of constant volume of the deformation area, determine the size of the prefabricated blank and prepare the blank, and perform non-destructive testing and physical and chemical property testing on the blank; S2 mold preheating: Before the splitting and separation operation, the mold is preheated to 70-80℃ using an induction heating system. After the heating temperature is set, the heating system calculates the heating time based on the heating power, and the mold heating temperature is fed back to the temperature control detection system through the temperature sensing system; S3 Billet installation: When the mold reaches the set temperature, install the billet on the mold, add a pressure plate and stop hole on the top of the mold, and fix it with bolts; S4 Blank Heating: After the blank is installed, start the spinning machine, the spindle rotates at a low speed, and the blank is heated to 700-800℃ using the induction heating system. The temperature of the deformation zone is monitored in real time by the temperature measuring device and fed back to the supplementary heating device, which automatically adjusts the heating temperature according to the set temperature. S5 Cut-in point separation: When the temperature of the deformation zone reaches the set temperature, the spinning equipment is started, and the spinning cut-in point blank is separated by the spinning separation method. When the spinning wheel is rotated into the predetermined position, the shape of the spinning wheel is in line with the unseparated part of the spinning part. The spinning wheel has both separation and forming functions. The outer surface of the separation part is provided with a forming support plate to ensure the flow of the material in a directional manner during separation. S6 local spinning: After separation is completed, the forming support plate used for separation is removed, and the petal-type forming support plate is installed. The spinning machine is started and the temperature of the deformation zone is maintained at 700-800℃ through the supplementary heating device, and multiple-pass spinning is performed; S7: After spinning is completed, the turning tool is replaced to turn the spun part; the spun part is disassembled when it naturally cools to 50-60℃, and the matching degree between the external surface and the theoretical surface is detected by 3D scanning.

[0005] Preferably, the induction heating system includes a heating power control module, a temperature sensing module and a temperature control detection module. The heating power control module is used to set the heating temperature and calculate the heating time. The temperature sensing module is used to monitor the mold temperature in real time. The temperature control detection module is used to receive temperature feedback and perform control.

[0006] Preferably, the supplementary heating device is linked with the temperature measuring device, and can automatically adjust the heating power according to the temperature information fed back by the temperature measuring device, so as to achieve precise control of the temperature of the deformation zone.

[0007] Preferably, the split-type forming support plate is fixed to the mold by bolts to facilitate disassembly after spinning.

[0008] Preferably, in step S5, the R angle of the rotating wheel is R1, and the value range of R1 is 8-12 mm; The separation guide surface of the forming support plate and the R angle of the roller form a material flow guide angle of 15°-20°, so that the material produces a directional plastic flow along the roller surface during separation, forming a separation interface with a roughness Ra ≤ 1.2μm; The synergistic effect of the rotating wheel and the forming support plate ensures that the angle between the resultant direction of the separation force and the forming force and the normal line of the target curved generatrix is ​​≤5°, ensuring the preforming accuracy of the unseparated area.

[0009] Preferably, in step S4, the temperature measuring device and the heat supplement device constitute a dynamic temperature compensation system, which specifically includes: Use infrared thermal imager to scan the temperature distribution of deformation zone in real time, with temperature measurement frequency ≥100Hz; The supplementary heating device dynamically adjusts the heating power using a PID control algorithm based on the temperature feedback signal, so that the temperature fluctuation in the heating stage is ≤±5°C and the temperature fluctuation in the spinning stage is ≤±3°C.

[0010] Preferably, in step S6, the process parameters of the multi-pass spinning are: Number of passes: 3-5 passes, the first pass thinning rate is 15%-20%, and the subsequent pass thinning rate decreases by 5%-8%; Feed speed of rotary wheel: 0.5-1.5mm / r, the feed speed of the last pass is reduced by 30%-40% to improve the surface quality; Spinning ratio: controlled at 2.5-4.0 to avoid material cracking due to excessive deformation.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the heating power of the induction heating system is 5-15 kW.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The complex curved busbar partial splitting spinning forming method of the present invention is targeted at the manufacturing requirements of complex curved surface parts such as hubs. The forming process is flexible and has many advantages such as high material utilization, high processing efficiency, and strong adaptability. It can also improve the material strength performance and can be applied to a variety of complex curved surface hubs. By accurately fitting the wheel shape with the surface of the unseparated area of ​​the hub, and coordinating with the forming support plate to guide the directional flow of the material, the hub rim, spokes and other complex curved surfaces can be formed in one step by spinning. This solves the accuracy problem of the large curvature transition zone that is difficult to process by traditional forging + machining. The busbar profile deviation is controlled at ±0.15mm, meeting the aerodynamic shape and lightweight design requirements of high-end hubs. The multi-pass spinning process improves the uniformity of the hub wall thickness compared to traditional processes, especially for the variable cross-section spoke area, which can achieve precise control of the wall thickness, avoid stress concentration caused by uneven wall thickness, and improve the fatigue resistance of the hub.

[0013] (2) During the spinning separation process of the present invention, the material undergoes local plastic deformation along the R angle of the spinning wheel. The work hardening effect increases the tensile strength of the separation surface edge. At the same time, the grains are refined along the flow direction, and the yield strength of the key stress-bearing area of ​​the rim is higher than that of the cast blank, meeting the dual requirements of lightweight and high load-bearing for new energy vehicle hubs. The blank design based on the principle of constant volume, combined with the simultaneous spinning separation and forming process, has a high material utilization rate and reduces material waste compared to traditional machining processes. It is particularly suitable for the manufacture of hubs made of precious materials such as titanium alloys and high-strength aluminum alloys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a partially split spun part of a complex curved busbar according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the complex curved busbar of the present invention before partial separation; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial separation of a complex curved busbar according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the completion of partial spinning of the complex curved busbar of the present invention.

[0015] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. Spinning equipment; 2. Temperature monitoring and control system; 3. Forming support plate; 4. Local separation point of complex curved busbar; 5. Forming die; 6. Press plate; 7. Splitting wheel; 8. Supplementary heating device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0017] Example: See also Figure 1-4 A method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar comprises the following steps: S1 Blank preparation: According to the size of the target spinning part and the principle of constant volume of the deformation area, determine the size of the prefabricated blank, such as Figure 1 As shown, for the dotted area not involved in spinning, the blank size is kept consistent with the drawing, and the total height before and after spinning is the same. The blank height directly adopts the height of the product after spinning. Figure 1 Where φD is the diameter of the product at the opening of the spun part, and h is the height of the spun part. The original size of the area involved in the deformation is calculated according to the volume formula. The blank is prepared by forging / casting / machining, and the blank is subjected to non-destructive testing and physical and chemical property testing to eliminate internal defects. Among them, for the area involved in the deformation, the original blank thickness is calculated according to the volume invariance formula V0=V1, where V0 is the volume of the blank before deformation and V1 is the volume of the spun part after deformation. The calculation formula is: , where h0 is the original thickness of the blank, A i is the cross-sectional area of ​​each deformation zone of the spun part, h i is the corresponding height, and A0 is the initial cross-sectional area of ​​the deformation zone of the blank.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, according to the size structure and processing allowance of the final spun part, it can be seen that the wall thickness and shape at the dotted position of the drawing do not participate in the spinning forming, so the size of the blank in the dotted area can be consistent with the spinning drawing, and the total height before and after spinning is consistent, so the height of the spun blank can refer to the height of the product after spinning; the spun part blank only needs to calculate the size of the original blank according to the length and thickness changes of the area involved in the deformation according to the unchanged volume relationship before and after spinning, and obtain the prefabricated blank before shoveling through forging / casting / spinning and machining (this application adopts sheet material-spinning prefabricated blank-wheel rim splitting spinning forming), and perform non-destructive testing on the blank to eliminate internal defects of the blank, as well as physical and chemical properties.

[0019] S2 Mold Preheating: Before the splitting and separation operations, the mold is preheated to 70-80°C to prevent the mold from absorbing a large amount of the billet temperature during the forming process, which could lead to insufficient forming temperature and defects. An induction heating system is used to preheat the mold. The heating temperature is set, and the heating system calculates the heating time based on the heating power. The temperature sensing system then feeds the mold heating temperature back to the temperature control and detection system. Based on the PID control algorithm, the heating power is dynamically adjusted according to the feedback signal from the temperature sensing module to maintain a stable mold temperature of 70-80°C.

[0020] Specifically, accurate temperature setting and heating time calculation: the heating power of the induction heating system is 5-15kW, and the preheating time is calculated according to the formula based on the mold volume. Calculation, where V is the mold volume, ρ is the mold material density, and c is the specific heat capacity. is the target temperature rise, P is the heating power, For thermal efficiency, the preheating time is accurately calculated to avoid overheating or insufficient preheating caused by traditional heating experience.

[0021] The induction heating system includes a heating power control module, a temperature sensing module, and a temperature control detection module. The heating power control module is used to set the heating temperature and calculate the heating time. The temperature sensing module is used to monitor the mold temperature in real time. The temperature control detection module is used to receive temperature feedback and perform control. An infrared thermal imager or thermocouple array is used to scan the mold surface temperature distribution at a frequency of ≥100Hz, especially focusing on monitoring the key areas where the mold and the blank contact. A temperature cloud map is generated in real time and transmitted to the control and detection system to solve the problems of local overheating or low-temperature blind spots caused by traditional single-point temperature measurement and ensure the uniformity of the mold surface temperature. When the mold temperature difference exceeds 5°C or the heating rate is abnormal (such as <8°C / s for 30 seconds), an audible and visual alarm is automatically triggered and heating is suspended to prevent blank forming defects caused by heating system failure.

[0022] S3 Blank installation: When the mold is preheated to the set temperature, install the blank on the mold to prevent the blank from moving during spinning. Add a pressure plate 6 and a stop hole on the top of the mold and fix it with bolts. During installation, use bolts to connect and lock the pressure plate 6, blank, and mold.

[0023] S4 blank heating: after the installation of the blank, start the spinning machine, low speed rotation of the spindle, using the induction heating system to heat the blank to 700-800℃, through the temperature measuring device to monitor the deformation zone temperature and feedback to the heat compensation device, the heat compensation device automatically adjusts the heating temperature according to the set temperature, ensures that the deformation zone temperature meets the process requirements. The spindle rotates at a low speed of 5-10r / min, so that the blank can uniformly receive induction heating, avoiding local overheating or overcooling. The rotating heating mode can reduce the circumferential temperature difference of the blank from ±50℃ of static heating to ±15℃, and the axial temperature difference from ±30℃ to ±8℃, significantly improving the uniformity of the temperature field and providing stable material plasticity for subsequent spinning. Low speed rotation makes the relative position of the induction coil and the blank change dynamically, avoiding the melting of the material grain boundary caused by long-time heating at a fixed position.

[0024] Specifically, the temperature measuring device and the heat compensation device form a dynamic temperature compensation system, which specifically includes: An infrared thermal imager is used to scan the temperature distribution of the deformation zone in real time, and the temperature measuring frequency is ≥100Hz; a dual-wavelength infrared temperature measuring instrument is used to monitor the temperature of the contact area between the spinning wheel and the blank in real time through a non-contact method. This area generates additional heat due to plastic deformation, and the temperature measuring instrument can distinguish between deformation heat and induction heating contribution to provide accurate feedback for the heat compensation device. In actual application, this technology reduces the temperature measurement error of the deformation zone and effectively avoids the local softening of the material caused by the accumulation of deformation heat.

[0025] The heat compensation device dynamically adjusts the heating power according to the temperature feedback signal using a PID control algorithm, so that the temperature fluctuation during the heating stage is ≤±5℃, and the temperature fluctuation during the spinning stage is ≤±3℃; the proportional coefficient Kp in the PID control algorithm is 0.8, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.3, and the differential coefficient Kd is 0.1; the heat compensation device has 3-5 independent heating units distributed along the axial direction of the blank, each unit has a power of 5-10kW, and can be adjusted individually according to the temperature feedback. For example, when it is detected that the temperature at the bottom of the blank is 10℃ lower than the target value, the corresponding unit automatically increases the power by 2kW to ensure the deformation consistency of each part of the complex curved generatrix.

[0026] Establish a material temperature drop model Predict heat loss, where T0 is the target temperature, Q is the heat loss per unit time, m is the mass of the blank, and c is the specific heat capacity of the material. This allows the heat compensation device to adjust the heating power in advance or in real time based on the predicted temperature drop trend, and to maintain the temperature of the deformation zone of the blank within the process requirement range of 700-800℃; compared with open-loop control without a model, the temperature control accuracy is greatly improved, avoiding the decrease of material plasticity and deformation difficulty caused by insufficient temperature, or defects such as overburning and coarse grains caused by excessive temperature.

[0027] S5 Entry point separation: When the temperature of the deformation zone reaches the set temperature, the spinning equipment is started, and the local spinning entry point blank is separated by spinning separation. Spinning separation can make the metal flow in a specified direction, so that the material is squeezed and directional flow is enhanced, and its internal structure and mechanical properties are enhanced; the R angle of the spinning wheel is selected to be R1. When the spinning wheel is rotated into the predetermined position, the shape of the spinning wheel is in line with the unseparated part of the spinning part, and the spinning wheel plays the role of a forming wheel. At the same time, a forming support plate 3 is set on the outer surface of the separation part to make the material flow directional when separating the material, avoiding serious outward expansion of the blank at the separation point, which increases the difficulty of subsequent spinning forming.

[0028] Specifically, in step S5, the value range of R1 is 8-12mm; when R1 is less than 8mm (such as 5-7mm), the curvature radius of the wheel blade is too small, resulting in a sharp increase in contact stress during separation (σ=K / R, K is the material constant), which is prone to edge tearing defects when exceeding the material tensile strength threshold, especially for plasticity-sensitive materials such as magnesium alloys and titanium alloys. When R1 is greater than 12mm (such as 13-15mm), the wheel's directional extrusion ability of the material is attenuated, and the material at the separation interface exhibits disordered extension due to insufficient flow resistance, resulting in excessive separation surface roughness (Ra>1.6μm) and edge wave deformation, increasing the difficulty of subsequent forming correction. When R1 is in the range of 8-12mm, the contact stress is controlled at 1.2-1.5 times the yield strength of the material (σ=1.2-1.5σs), which not only forms effective shear separation, but also guides the material to flow in an orderly manner along the tangential direction through the wheel profile, achieving the optimal balance between separation surface accuracy (Ra≤1.2μm) and forming quality.

[0029] The conformity between the wheel shape and the unseparated part of the spun part is ≥98%, and the surface error is ≤±0.05mm; The separation guide surface of the forming support plate 3 forms a material flow guide angle of 15°-20° with the R angle of the spinning wheel, causing the material to produce directional plastic flow along the spinning wheel surface during separation, forming a separation interface with a roughness Ra ≤ 1.2μm. The direction of the resultant force of the separation force and the forming force exactly matches the curvature trend of the complex curved generatrix, breaking through the technical bottleneck of uneven force field distribution in traditional spinning separation.

[0030] The synergistic effect of the rotating wheel and the forming support plate ensures that the angle between the resultant direction of the separation force and the forming force and the normal line of the target curved generatrix is ​​≤5°, ensuring the preforming accuracy of the unseparated area.

[0031] S6 local spinning: After the separation of the material at the entry point is completed, remove the forming support disk used for local separation, install and fix the split-type forming support disk used for local spinning, start the spinning machine, and maintain the temperature of the deformation zone at 700-800°C through the supplementary heat device 8 to perform multiple spinning passes; the split-type forming support disk is fixed to the mold by bolts to facilitate disassembly after spinning. The parametric design of the split-type forming support disk and the spinning wheel R angle can quickly switch between wheel molds with different curvature radii, realizing flexible production of multi-specification wheels, and reducing the mold change time compared to traditional tooling, meeting the R&D needs of small batches and multiple varieties of automobile OEMs. Among them, before local spinning, it should be Figure 3 Remove the formed support plate used for the corresponding partial separation and install Figure 4 The corresponding petal-type forming support plate is used in the local spinning forming, which can facilitate disassembly after spinning.

[0032] Specifically, in step S6, the process parameters of the multi-pass spinning are: Number of passes: 3-5 passes, the first pass thinning rate is 15%-20%, and the subsequent pass thinning rate decreases by 5%-8%; Feed speed of rotary wheel: 0.5-1.5mm / r, the feed speed of the last pass is reduced by 30%-40% to improve the surface quality; Spinning ratio: controlled at 2.5-4.0 to avoid material cracking due to excessive deformation.

[0033] S7: After spinning is completed, the turning tool is replaced to perform turning processing on the spun part to turn the spun part to the number; then the spun part is disassembled when it naturally cools to 50-60℃, and the matching degree between the outer surface and the theoretical surface is detected by 3D scanning to check whether the spun part meets the requirements.

[0034] In this application, the heating device is linked with the temperature measuring device, and can automatically adjust the heating power according to the temperature information fed back by the temperature measuring device to achieve precise control of the temperature of the deformation zone.

[0035] The complex curved generatrix local split spinning forming process provided by the application, aiming at the manufacturing requirements of hub type complex curved surface parts, through process innovation and tooling optimization, shows significant advantages in forming precision, material performance, production efficiency, etc.; complex curved generatrix adaptability: through the precise fit of the spinning wheel outer shape and the hub non-separated area surface, cooperating with the forming support disc to guide the directional flow of materials, the hub rim, spoke and other complex curved surfaces can be formed by one-time spinning, solving the precision problem of large curvature transition area which is difficult to process by traditional forging + machining, the generatrix contour deviation is controlled within ±0.15mm, meeting the requirements of high-end hub aerodynamic shape and lightweight design. The multi-pass spinning process improves the uniformity of the hub wall thickness compared to the traditional process, especially for the variable cross-section spoke area, the wall thickness can be accurately controlled to 0.3mm level, avoiding stress concentration caused by uneven wall thickness, and improving the fatigue resistance of the hub. The local plastic deformation of the material along the R angle of the spinning wheel during spinning separation, the work hardening effect makes the tensile strength of the separation surface edge increase, and the grain is refined along the flow direction, the yield strength of the key stress area of the rim is improved compared with the cast blank, meeting the dual requirements of lightweight and high load bearing of new energy vehicle hub. Based on the principle of constant volume, combined with the spinning separation-forming synchronous process, the material utilization rate is high. Process integration shortens the cycle: compared with the traditional process of "casting blank → multi-pass machining → forming", the hub processing is completed through 7 core processes of "blank installation → separation forming → local spinning", which reduces 2-3 machining / annealing processes compared with the traditional process, shortens the production cycle, reduces the single piece processing time, and significantly improves the batch production efficiency. The mold is preheated to 70-80℃ to avoid edge cracking, the blank is heated to 700-800℃ for dynamic reheating to ensure consistent material plasticity, reducing the surface micro-crack defect rate during hub spinning, and improving the ultrasonic detection qualification rate of the key parts of the rim. After spinning, the laser three-dimensional scanner is used to compare the theoretical profile, real-time monitoring of the rim radial runout, spoke curvature profile and other key parameters, unqualified products can be corrected by local spinning, greatly reducing the scrap rate.

[0036] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the application is not limited to the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the application and are not intended to limit the application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, various changes and improvements can be made to the application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed application. The scope of protection of the application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar, characterized in that: The steps include: S1 Blank preparation: According to the size of the target spun part and the principle of constant volume of the deformation area, determine the size of the prefabricated blank and prepare the blank, and perform non-destructive testing and physical and chemical property testing on the blank; S2 mold preheating: Before the splitting and separation operation, the mold is preheated to 70-80℃ using an induction heating system. After the heating temperature is set, the heating system calculates the heating time based on the heating power, and the mold heating temperature is fed back to the temperature control detection system through the temperature sensing system; S3 Billet installation: When the mold reaches the set temperature, install the billet on the mold, add a pressure plate and stop hole on the top of the mold, and fix it with bolts; S4 Blank Heating: After the blank is installed, start the spinning machine, the spindle rotates at a low speed, and the blank is heated to 700-800℃ using the induction heating system. The temperature of the deformation zone is monitored in real time by the temperature measuring device and fed back to the supplementary heating device, which automatically adjusts the heating temperature according to the set temperature. S5 Cut-in point separation: When the temperature of the deformation zone reaches the set temperature, the spinning equipment is started, and the spinning cut-in point blank is separated by the spinning separation method. When the spinning wheel is rotated into the predetermined position, the shape of the spinning wheel is in line with the unseparated part of the spinning part. The spinning wheel has both separation and forming functions. The outer surface of the separation part is provided with a forming support plate to ensure the flow of the material in a directional manner during separation. S6 local spinning: After separation is completed, the forming support plate used for separation is removed, and the petal-type forming support plate is installed. The spinning machine is started and the temperature of the deformation zone is maintained at 700-800℃ through the supplementary heating device, and multiple-pass spinning is performed; S7: After spinning is completed, the turning tool is replaced to perform turning processing on the spun part; the spun part is disassembled when it naturally cools to 50-60℃, and the matching degree between the external surface and the theoretical surface is detected by 3D scanning.

2. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction heating system includes a heating power control module, a temperature sensing module and a temperature control detection module. The heating power control module is used to set the heating temperature and calculate the heating time. The temperature sensing module is used to monitor the mold temperature in real time. The temperature control detection module is used to receive temperature feedback and perform control.

3. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device is linked with the temperature measuring device and can automatically adjust the heating power according to the temperature information fed back by the temperature measuring device, thereby achieving precise control of the temperature of the deformation zone.

4. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split-type forming support plate is fixed to the mold by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly after spinning.

5. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the R angle of the rotating wheel is selected to be R1, and the value range of R1 is 8-12mm; The separation guide surface of the forming support plate and the R angle of the roller form a material flow guide angle of 15°-20°, so that the material produces a directional plastic flow along the roller surface during separation, forming a separation interface with a roughness Ra ≤ 1.2μm; The synergistic effect of the rotating wheel and the forming support plate ensures that the angle between the resultant direction of the separation force and the forming force and the normal line of the target curved generatrix is ​​≤5°, ensuring the preforming accuracy of the unseparated area.

6. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the temperature measuring device and the heat supplement device constitute a dynamic temperature compensation system, which specifically includes: Use infrared thermal imager to scan the temperature distribution of deformation zone in real time, with temperature measurement frequency ≥100Hz; The supplementary heating device dynamically adjusts the heating power using a PID control algorithm based on the temperature feedback signal, so that the temperature fluctuation in the heating stage is ≤±5°C and the temperature fluctuation in the spinning stage is ≤±3°C.

7. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the process parameters of the multi-pass spinning are: Number of passes: 3-5 passes, the first pass thinning rate is 15%-20%, and the subsequent pass thinning rate decreases by 5%-8%; Feed speed of rotary wheel: 0.5-1.5mm / r, the feed speed of the last pass is reduced by 30%-40% to improve the surface quality; Spinning ratio: controlled at 2.5-4.0 to avoid material cracking due to excessive deformation.

8. The method for partially splitting and spinning a complex curved busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the heating power of the induction heating system is 5-15 kW.

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