A ladle heating machine and a smoke recycling device thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a ladle baking machine and a smoke recycling device thereof and belongs to the field of ladle treatment. The ladle baking machine comprises an upper cover plate, a mounting sleeve is arranged on the upper cover plate, a nozzle is arranged in the lower end of the mounting sleeve, a reverse conical shell is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper cover plate, a combustion air chamber is formed between the reverse conical shell and the mounting sleeve, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the upper cover plate, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the combustion air chamber, a combustion channel is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reverse conical shell, the structure that the lower end of the reverse conical shell and the nozzle at the lower end of the mounting sleeve are immersed in the ladle, the distance between the combustion nozzle at the lower end of the mounting sleeve and the bottom of the ladle is greatly shortened, the convection heat exchange exhaust channel between the ladle and the shell is used for discharging smoke, meanwhile, the smoke recycling device can be used for recycling waste heat or smoke, and the heating effect is optimized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ladle processing, in particular to a ladle baking machine and a flue gas recycling device thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ladle baking machine is a key equipment for baking a ladle in the steel and metallurgical industries. The main function of the ladle baking machine is to remove moisture in the ladle and preheat the lining refractory material by combustion heating, so as to avoid damage to the lining due to a large temperature difference when the cold ladle suddenly contacts the high-temperature molten steel, and to ensure the stability of the molten steel temperature and reduce heat loss.

[0003] At present, the conventional ladle baking machine on the market usually directly installs a gas nozzle on the cover plate. Although the ladle baking machine can meet the purpose of heating the ladle, the distance between the gas nozzle and the ladle is certain, and the ladle is heated only by the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion. As a result, the heating time of the ladle is too long, the implementation of the entire casting process is affected, the overall efficiency is reduced, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is directly discharged after heat exchange, resulting in a large heat loss, which is not economical and has low efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the problems of the prior art, such as the long distance between the gas nozzle and the ladle, slow heating, and low efficiency, and provides a ladle baking machine and a flue gas recycling device thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The ladle baking machine comprises an upper cover plate, a mounting sleeve is installed on the upper cover plate, a nozzle is arranged in the lower end of the mounting sleeve, a reverse conical shell is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper cover plate, a combustion air chamber is formed between the reverse conical shell and the mounting sleeve, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the upper cover plate and communicates with the combustion air chamber, a combustion channel is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reverse conical shell, the combustion channel is located below the nozzle at the lower end of the mounting sleeve, the inner wall of the upper end of the combustion channel is in a reverse conical structure, and a conical combustion air injection port is arranged between the combustion channel and the lower end of the mounting sleeve.

[0007] When the ladle is baked, the reverse conical shell sinks into the interior of the ladle, and a convection heat exchange exhaust channel is formed between the ladle and the reverse conical shell.

[0008] In order to selectively use coal gas combustion, a combustion air sleeve is fixedly arranged in the mounting sleeve, a coal gas inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting sleeve, a coal gas injection channel is formed between the combustion air sleeve and the mounting sleeve, and a guide plate is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the lower end of the mounting sleeve and the outer wall of the combustion air sleeve.

[0009] In order to improve the nozzle combustion effect, further, the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with a natural gas sleeve, the natural gas sleeve is located in the combustion air sleeve, a plurality of natural gas nozzles are fixedly connected to the lower end of the natural gas sleeve, the natural gas nozzles are provided with natural gas nozzles at the lower end, the natural gas nozzles are located at the lower end of the mounting sleeve, and the natural gas nozzles are of a conical structure.

[0010] The combustion air sleeve and the natural gas sleeve form a combustion air passage;

[0011] The upper cover plate is fixedly connected with an igniter, the natural gas sleeve is sleeved on the igniter, the lower end of the igniter is fixedly connected with a flow guide fan, the flow guide fan is located at the lower end of the combustion air passage, the natural gas nozzles are located between the outer wall of the flow guide fan and the inner wall of the combustion air sleeve, the upper end of the combustion air sleeve is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is in communication with the combustion air chamber, and the air inlet pipe is in communication with the combustion air chamber.

[0012] In order to adjust the opening size of the air inlet pipe 302, further, preferably, the air inlet pipe is connected with a control valve.

[0013] In order to increase the high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant performance, preferably, the inverted conical shell comprises an inner shell, the outer side of the inner shell is sequentially sleeved with aluminum silicate fiber cotton and light pouring material, the light pouring material is embedded with a tortoise shell net, and the tortoise shell net is fixedly connected with the inner shell through a connecting piece.

[0014] In order to guide the discharged flue gas to be discharged, preferably, the outer peripheral end of the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with a flue gas flow guide plate.

[0015] A flue gas recycling device of a ladle heating machine, comprising a ring plate, the ring plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inverted conical shell, a flow guide passage is formed in the ring plate, a flow guide pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the flow guide passage, a first jet pipe and a second jet pipe are connected to the flow guide pipe, the first jet pipe faces the inner wall of the ladle, and the second jet pipe faces the outer wall of the inverted conical shell.

[0016] In order to adjust the size of the flue gas discharge passage, preferably, an adjusting sliding opening is slidably connected to the ring plate, the adjusting sliding opening is slidably connected to an adjusting plate provided with an adjusting hole through an adjusting spring, an adjusting wheel is connected to the adjusting plate through a connecting plate, and the adjusting wheel abuts against the ladle.

[0017] In order to better heat the outer wall of the inverted conical shell, further, an arc-shaped sliding opening is formed in the ring plate, an arc-shaped tooth is slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding opening through an extension spring, a jet pipe is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped tooth, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the jet pipe, and the nozzles face the outer wall of the inverted conical shell;

[0018] The first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an impeller at the lower end, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected through first bevel gear transmission, the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the ring plate, the third rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected through second bevel gear transmission, the half gear is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft, and the half gear is engaged with the arc-shaped tooth.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a ladle baking machine and a smoke recycling device thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The ladle baking machine and the smoke recycling device thereof, through the structure that the lower end of the inverted conical shell and the lower end nozzle of the mounting sleeve sink into the ladle, the distance between the lower end combustion nozzle of the mounting sleeve and the bottom of the ladle is shortened, so that the overall radiant heat of the flame to the ladle is improved, the heating time in the production process of the ladle is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0021] 2. The ladle baking machine and the smoke recycling device thereof, through the combustion air chamber, air is introduced through the air inlet pipe, fully mixed with fuel through the conical combustion nozzle, and the combustion efficiency is improved; the inverted conical shell sinks into the ladle, the flame directly heats the ladle lining, the convection heat exchange exhaust passage between the ladle and the shell is used for discharging flue gas, and the smoke recycling device can perform secondary utilization on waste heat or flue gas, thereby optimizing the heating effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 For the Figure 8 structure diagram at D in the figure.

[0031] Figure: 1, the upper cover plate; 2, inverted conical shell; 3, air inlet pipe; 4, gas inlet pipe; 5, natural gas sleeve; 6, igniter; 7, combustion air sleeve; 8, mounting sleeve; 9, ladle; 10, convection heat exchange exhaust passage; 11, ring plate; 12, flow guide passage; 13, adjusting plate; 14, flow guide pipe; 15, first rotating shaft; 16, impeller; 17, first jet pipe; 18, second jet pipe; 19, second rotating shaft; 20, communication pipe; 21, third rotating shaft; 22, half gear; 23, arc tooth; 24, nozzle; 101, smoke deflector; 201, injection channel; 202, aluminum silicate fiber cotton; 203, lightweight cast material; 204, tortoise shell net; 205, connecting piece; 206, inner shell; 301, combustion air chamber; 302, inlet pipe; 303, combustion air passage; 304, conical combustion jet; 305, flow guide fan; 306, jet; 3021, control valve; 401, gas injection channel; 402, flow guide plate; 501, natural gas nozzle; 502, natural gas nozzle; 1101, adjusting slide; 1102, arc slide; 1301, adjusting hole; 1302, adjusting spring; 1303, connecting plate; 1304, adjusting wheel; 2301, extension spring; 2401, spray head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1: refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 A ladle heating machine, comprising an upper cover plate 1, the upper cover plate 1 of the ladle heater is made of reinforced section steel plate, and heat insulation material is laid on the upper cover plate 1 for heat insulation treatment to prevent scalding of the operator during operation or temporary inspection; a lifting lug is arranged on the upper cover plate 1 to facilitate the process operation requirement of heating the ladle, and a smoke deflector 101 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral end of the upper cover plate 1, and the smoke deflector 101 with a smoke exhaust port arranged on the upper cover plate 1 avoids damage to the operator and surrounding equipment caused by high-temperature smoke.

[0034] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The upper cover plate 1 is provided with a mounting sleeve 8, and a nozzle is arranged in the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8; the lower end of the upper cover plate 1 is fixedly connected with a reverse conical shell 2, and a combustion air chamber 301 is formed between the reverse conical shell 2 and the mounting sleeve 8; the upper cover plate 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 3, which is communicated with the combustion air chamber 301; the lower end of the reverse conical shell 2 is fixedly connected with a combustion channel 201, which is made of corundum refractory cast material; the shell is provided with stable corundum refractory cast material on the side of the flue gas outlet, which plays a role of refractory, wear-resistant, temperature-insulating measure, resists scouring, and prolongs the service life of the shell; the combustion channel 201 is located below the nozzle at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8, the inner wall of the upper end of the combustion channel 201 is in a reverse conical structure, and a conical combustion port 304 is arranged between the combustion channel 201 and the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8; and the nozzle structure at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8 is the conical combustion port 304, which is beneficial to the uniform heating of the ladle as a whole and avoids the damage of the refractory material and the steel material of the ladle due to local high temperature.

[0035] The upper cover plate 1 is sealingly welded and connected with the reverse conical shell 2, and a cavity with a certain volume, i.e., the combustion air chamber 301, is formed in the reverse conical shell 2 from the upper cover plate 1 to the bottom, which bears the input combustion air from the outside and exchanges heat with the flue gas at the outlet to heat the combustion air.

[0036] Referring to Figure 4 When the ladle is baked, the reverse conical shell 2 is sunk into the inside of the ladle 9, and a convection heat exchange exhaust channel 10 is formed between the ladle 9 and the reverse conical shell 2; the structure that the lower end of the reverse conical shell 2 and the nozzle at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8 are sunk into the inside of the ladle 9 shortens the distance between the combustion nozzle at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8 and the bottom of the ladle, so that the overall radiant heat of the flame to the ladle is improved, the heating time in the production process of the ladle is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved; the normal-temperature cooling air enters the combustion air chamber 301 through the air inlet pipe 3, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the outlet heats the wall surface of the reverse conical shell 2 through the convection heat exchange exhaust channel 10, the heated wall surface of the reverse conical shell 2 exchanges heat with the normal-temperature cooling air in the combustion air chamber 301, absorbs the heat of the exhaust smoke to a certain extent, achieves the effect of heating the combustion air, and improves the combustion efficiency and the energy utilization rate.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A combustion air sleeve 7 is fixedly arranged in the mounting sleeve 8, a gas inlet pipe 4 is fixedly and continuously arranged at the upper end of the mounting sleeve 8, a gas injection channel 401 is formed between the combustion air sleeve 7 and the mounting sleeve 8, and a guide plate 402 is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8 and the outer wall of the combustion air sleeve 7; the gas source is used as the combustion material to spray and bake the ladle.

[0038] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3The upper cover plate 1 is fixedly connected with a natural gas sleeve 5, the natural gas sleeve 5 is located in a combustion air sleeve 7, a plurality of natural gas nozzles 501 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the natural gas sleeve 5, the natural gas nozzles 501 are provided with natural gas nozzles 502 at the lower end, the natural gas nozzles 502 are located at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 8, and the natural gas nozzles 502 are of a conical structure.

[0039] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the combustion air sleeve 7 and the natural gas sleeve 5 form a combustion air passage 303; and a space between the upper cover plate 1 and the bottom nozzle mounting sleeve 8 also serves as a combustion air chamber.

[0040] With reference to Figure 3 , the upper cover plate 1 is fixedly connected with an igniter 6, the natural gas sleeve 5 is sleeved on the igniter 6, and a flow guide fan 305 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the igniter 6; the flow guide fan 305 is located at a lower end nozzle 306 of the combustion air passage 303, and the natural gas nozzles 502 are located between the outer wall of the flow guide fan 305 and the inner wall of the combustion air sleeve 7; the burner nozzle is designed to enhance the mixing of the entering fuel gas and the combustion air in the combustion air chamber, so that the combustion air and the fuel are fully stirred and mixed, the combustion efficiency is improved, and in order to maintain the stability of the combustion root flame and prevent the high-temperature flue gas from backflowing to the burner, the combustion air passage 303 and the flow guide fan 305 are arranged to inject the secondary air obliquely to the central axis, which not only has the effect of stabilizing the fire source, but also effectively avoids the phenomenon of burner flameout caused by backflow.

[0041] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the upper end of the combustion air sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe 302, the air inlet pipe 302 is communicated with the combustion air chamber 301; and a control valve 3021 is connected to the air inlet pipe 302, so that the combustion air in the combustion air sleeve 7 can be introduced into the air in the combustion air chamber 301 through the air inlet pipe 302.

[0042] With reference to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the inverted conical shell 2 comprises an inner shell 206, the outer side of the inner shell 206 is sequentially sleeved with aluminum silicate fiber cotton 202 and light pouring material 203, the light pouring material 203 is embedded with a tortoise shell net 204, the tortoise shell net 204 is fixedly connected with the inner shell 206 through a connecting piece 205, and the surface of the baking ladle device inverted conical shell 2 is provided with refractory cotton of the aluminum silicate fiber cotton 202 and the light pouring material 203 is poured with the refractory material of the tortoise shell net structure, so that the high-temperature flue gas abrasion and scouring resistance of the shell is greatly increased, and the service life of the shell is prolonged.

[0043] Example 2: With reference to Figure 6 and Figure 7The application discloses a flue gas recycling device of a ladle baking machine, which is installed on the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2 of the ladle baking machine according to actual production requirements, and comprises a ring plate 11 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2, a flow guide channel 12 formed in the ring plate 11, a flow guide pipe 14 fixedly connected to the upper end of the flow guide channel 12, a first jet pipe 17 and a second jet pipe 18 connected to the flow guide pipe 14, wherein the first jet pipe 17 faces the inner wall of the ladle 9, and the second jet pipe 18 faces the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2; the ring plate 11 provided with the flow guide channel 12 is arranged in the convection heat exchange exhaust channel 10 between the ladle 9 and the inverted conical shell 2, and the heated high-temperature flue gas is guided to the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2 and the inner wall of the ladle 9 through the first jet pipe 17 and the second jet pipe 18, so that the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2 can be better heated, and the inner wall of the ladle 9 can be better heated.

[0044] With reference to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 , an adjusting sliding port 1101 is slidably connected to the ring plate 11, the adjusting sliding port 1101 is slidably connected to an adjusting plate 13 provided with an adjusting hole 1301 through an adjusting spring 1302, the adjusting plate 13 is connected to an adjusting wheel 1304 through a connecting plate 1303, the adjusting wheel 1304 abuts against the ladle 9, and the distance between the adjusting nozzle and the bottom wall of the ladle 9 needs to be adjusted when the inverted conical shell 2 needs to be sunk to different heights; since the inverted conical structure is adopted, the channel of the gas injection channel 401 becomes smaller and smaller from top to bottom, and the opening size of the adjusting hole 1301 and the adjusting sliding port 1101 is adjusted by pushing the adjusting plate 13 through the adjusting wheel 1304, so that the high-temperature flue gas can be discharged.

[0045] With reference to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 , an arc-shaped sliding port 1102 is formed in the ring plate 11, an arc-shaped tooth 23 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped sliding port 1102 through a telescopic spring 2301, a jet pipe 24 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped tooth 23, a plurality of nozzles 2401 are arranged on the jet pipe 24, and the nozzles 2401 face the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2; the jet pipe 24 is arranged close to the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2, and the high-speed flue gas is sprayed towards the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2 through the nozzles 2401, so that the heating effect can be effectively improved.

[0046] The first rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected with the guide pipe 14, and the lower end of the first rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the impeller 16. The first rotating shaft 15 is connected with the second rotating shaft 19 through a first bevel gear transmission. The third rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected with the ring plate 11, and the third rotating shaft 21 is connected with the second rotating shaft 19 through a second bevel gear transmission. The third rotating shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the half gear 22, and the half gear 22 is engaged with the arc-shaped tooth 23. The nozzle 24 is connected with the guide pipe 14 through the communication pipe 20. In order to spray the outer wall of the inverted conical shell 2 in all directions, the impeller 16 is driven to rotate by the smoke, the impeller 16 drives the half gear 22 to rotate through the bevel gear transmission mechanism, the half gear 22 is engaged with the arc-shaped tooth 23, and the arc-shaped tooth 23 drives the nozzle 24 to spray back and forth, thereby improving the heating effect.

[0047] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A ladle heating machine characterized by comprising: The utility model provides a kind of combustion-supporting device, including upper cover plate (1), the installation sleeve (8) is installed on the upper cover plate (1), the lower end of the installation sleeve (8) is equipped with nozzle;The lower end of the upper cover plate (1) is fixedly connected with inverted conical shell (2), and the inverted conical shell (2) and installation sleeve (8) form combustion-supporting air chamber (301) between, the upper cover plate (1) is equipped with air inlet pipe (3), and the air inlet pipe (3) is communicated with combustion-supporting air chamber (301), and the lower end of the inverted conical shell (2) is fixedly connected with injection channel (201), and the injection channel (201) is located below the lower end nozzle of installation sleeve (8), and the upper end inner wall of the injection channel (201) is inverted conical structure, and the injection channel (201) is equipped with conical combustion-supporting nozzle (304) between the lower end of installation sleeve (8). When carrying out ladle, the inverted conical shell (2) sinks into the inside of ladle (9), and the ladle (9) and inverted conical shell (2) form counterflow heat exchange exhaust passage (10) between.

2. The ladle furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The installation sleeve (8) is fixedly equipped with combustion air sleeve (7) in, the upper end of the installation sleeve (8) is fixedly connected with gas inlet pipe (4), and the combustion air sleeve (7) and installation sleeve (8) form gas injection channel (401) between, and the lower end inner wall of the installation sleeve (8) and the outer wall of combustion air sleeve (7) are fixedly connected with guide plate (402) between.

3. The ladle furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that The upper cover plate (1) is fixedly connected with natural gas sleeve (5), and the natural gas sleeve (5) is located in the combustion air sleeve (7), and the lower end of the natural gas sleeve (5) is fixedly connected with a plurality of natural gas injection pipe (501), and the lower end of the natural gas injection pipe (501) is equipped with natural gas nozzle (502), and the natural gas nozzle (502) is located in the lower end of installation sleeve (8), and the natural gas nozzle (502) is conical structure; The combustion air sleeve (7) and natural gas sleeve (5) form combustion air channel (303) between. The upper cover plate (1) is fixedly connected with igniter (6), and the natural gas sleeve (5) is sleeved on the igniter (6), and the lower end of the igniter (6) is fixedly connected with guide fan (305), and the guide fan (305) is located at the lower end nozzle (306) of combustion air channel (303), and the natural gas nozzle (502) is located between the outer wall of guide fan (305) and the inner wall of combustion air sleeve (7).

4. The ladle heating machine according to claim 3, wherein The upper end of the combustion air sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with air inlet pipe (302), and the air inlet pipe (302) is communicated with the combustion-supporting air chamber (301).

5. A ladle heating machine according to claim 4, wherein The air inlet pipe (302) is connected with control valve (3021).

6. The ladle heating machine according to claim 1, wherein The inverted conical shell (2) includes inner shell (206), the outer side of the inner shell (206) is successively sleeved with aluminium silicate fiber cotton (202) and light pouring material (203), the light pouring material (203) is embedded with tortoise shell net (204), and the tortoise shell net (204) is fixedly connected with the inner shell (206) through connecting piece (205).

7. The ladle heating machine according to claim 1, wherein The upper cover plate (1) is fixedly connected with a flue gas guide plate (101) at the outer periphery.

8. A fume recycling device for the ladle furnace of claim 1, characterized by, The ring plate (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inverted conical shell (2), and a guide channel (12) is formed in the ring plate (11). The upper end of the guide channel (12) is fixedly connected with a guide pipe (14), and the guide pipe (14) is connected with a first jet pipe (17) and a second jet pipe (18). The first jet pipe (17) faces the inner wall of the ladle (9), and the second jet pipe (18) faces the outer wall of the inverted conical shell (2).

9. The exhaust gas recycling device according to claim 8, characterized by An adjusting sliding port (1101) is slidably connected to the ring plate (11), and the adjusting sliding port (1101) is slidably connected with an adjusting plate (13) with an adjusting hole (1301) through an adjusting spring (1302). The adjusting plate (13) is connected with an adjusting wheel (1304) through a connecting plate (1303), and the adjusting wheel (1304) abuts against the ladle (9).

10. The exhaust gas recycling device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by An arc-shaped sliding port (1102) is formed in the ring plate (11), and an arc-shaped tooth (23) is slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding port (1102) through an extension spring (2301). The arc-shaped tooth (23) is fixedly connected with a jet pipe (24), and a plurality of nozzles (2401) are arranged on the jet pipe (24), and the nozzles (2401) face the outer wall of the inverted conical shell (2). The guide pipe (14) is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft (15) and a second rotating shaft (19). The lower end of the first rotating shaft (15) is fixedly connected with an impeller (16), and the first rotating shaft (15) and the second rotating shaft (19) are connected through a first conical gear transmission. The ring plate (11) is rotatably connected with a third rotating shaft (21), and the third rotating shaft (21) and the second rotating shaft (19) are connected through a second conical gear transmission. The third rotating shaft (21) is fixedly connected with a half gear wheel (22), and the half gear wheel (22) is engaged with the arc-shaped tooth (23). The jet pipe (24) and the guide pipe (14) are connected with a communication pipe (20).

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