Device and method for stirring friction additive extrusion profile structural part

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for a stirring friction additive extrusion profile structural member. The device is composed of six parts, namely a fixed shearing device, an up-down suspension type shearing device, a material conveying and thermoplasticizing device, a material mixing device, a shape correcting device and a feeding device. Metal particles are added into the space between the top of the material mixing device and the material shearing device through the feeding device, and the metal particles are sheared into fine metal particles by a material cutter on the material shearing device in the downward falling process. The up-down suspension type material shearing device moves up and down between the material shearing device and the stirring material conveying part in a reciprocating mode along the reciprocating type guide rail and the circumferential floating type guide rail to continuously shear metal particles, the metal particles move to a stirring boss, and softened metal materials are subjected to severe plastic deformation and are continuously formed through an extrusion discharging channel. And the shape correction device is used for carrying out shape fixing on the extruded and formed profile component, so that secondary coaxial material mixing and primary coaxial deposition high-precision forming preparation of the profile structural component prepared by stirring friction additive extrusion are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of friction stir additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a device and method for producing a friction stir additive extruded profile structure. Background Art

[0002] From the perspective of metallurgical forming technology, traditional profile structural parts are usually prepared by machining subtractive material removal using pre-stretched thick plates, which has technical difficulties such as low material utilization, complicated processes and long manufacturing cycles. Additive manufacturing technology has outstanding performance in the integrated rapid manufacturing of complex structural parts. It prepares metal parts by accumulating and superimposing materials. It has shown significant advantages in the forming and preparation of large-scale, high-precision and complex structural parts. It has the characteristics of high degree of freedom in part preparation, high material utilization and short preparation cycle. Friction stir additive manufacturing technology is derived from friction stir welding and is an emerging solid-phase additive manufacturing technology. It has the technical advantage of preparing fully equiaxed crystal structures and excellent mechanical properties for the integrated forming of special structural parts.

[0003] The integrated continuous forming of materials is a prerequisite for the preparation of large-scale profile structural parts. If a device and method for stir friction additive extrusion of profile structural parts can be developed, it will not only achieve the controllable and homogeneous composition of the profile structural parts, but also break through the existing integrated forming preparation of composition, structure and function of profile structural parts, improve material utilization, and will surely become a novel solid-phase additive metallurgy manufacturing method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an apparatus and method for friction stir additive extrusion of profile structures. The friction stir additive extrusion forming technology is used to uniformly mix metal materials of different compositions and proportions fed into a thermoplastic state, and then undergo large plastic deformation under a dynamic recrystallization mode. Finally, the thermoplasticized metal material is extruded and densified through a profile structure forming channel. This overcomes the problem of low material utilization in the existing pre-stretched thick plate machining process of subtractive removal to prepare profile structures, and successfully achieves the integrated continuous forming preparation of the composition, structure, and performance of the profile structures.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, this method adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for stir friction additive extrusion of a profile structure, the device comprising six parts: a fixed shearing device 1, an upper and lower suspended shearing device 2, a feeding and thermoplasticizing device 3, a mixing device 4, a shaping device 6, and a feeding device 7;

[0007] The upper and lower suspended shearing devices 2 are sleeved on the feeding and thermoplasticizing device 3, and the feeding and thermoplasticizing device 3 is fixedly installed on the fixed shearing device 1. The fixed shearing device 1, the upper and lower suspended shearing devices 2 and the feeding and thermoplasticizing device 3 installed from top to bottom are coaxially matched with the mixing device 4. The feeding device 7 is installed on the side of the mixing device 4, and the shape correction device 6 is correspondingly installed at the bottom of the mixing device 4.

[0008] The fixed shearing device 1, the upper and lower suspended shearing device 2 and the feeding thermoplasticizing device 3 realize multiple shearing, crushing, friction softening and conveying of the fed metal material. The mixing device 4 provides a fixed device for mixing the filled metal material. The feeding device 7 realizes the feeding of the metal material. The shaping device 6 straightens and solidifies the profile structural parts manufactured by solid phase additive manufacturing.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed shearing device 1 includes, from top to bottom, a rotating shaft 1-1, a limiting portion 1-2, and a shearing device 1-3; the rotating shaft 1-1 is provided with an assembly plane and is mounted on the main shaft of the gantry machine tool. The specific design dimensions are processed according to the tool handle size requirements of the gantry machine tool;

[0010] A limiter 1-2 is provided on the top of the fixed shearing device 1 to limit the upward splashing of the metal particles. The limiter 1-2 is fitted with a gap between the top of the mixing device 4, and the assembly gap is smaller than the minimum size of the metal particles.

[0011] Furthermore, the shearing device 1-3 is provided with a cutting knife 1-3-1 and an assembly pin hole 1-3-2. The cutting side of the cutting knife 1-3-1 is processed into a V-shaped blade. The assembly pin hole 1-3-2 is used to connect the feeding thermoplasticizing device 3 to fix the rotation direction of the shearing device 1 to be the same as the rotation direction of the feeding channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a slide rail boss 2 - 2 is provided on the upper and lower suspended shearing device 2 , and the slide rail boss 2 - 2 is assembled on the material feeding and thermoplasticizing device 3 .

[0013] Furthermore, the feeding and thermoplasticizing device 3 includes, from top to bottom, an assembly portion 3-1, a suspension motion portion 3-2, and a stirring and conveying portion 3-3; the outer surface of the assembly portion 3-1 is processed into a threaded structure for connecting to the assembly pin hole 1-3-2 on the fixed shearing device 1;

[0014] The outer surface of the suspended motion part 3-2 is provided with a reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and a circumferential floating guide rail 3-2-2. The cross-sectional shapes of the two guide rail grooves are designed to be triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, serrated or arc-shaped, which are consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the slide rail boss 2-2.

[0015] Further, the fixed shearing device 1 continuously rotates to drive the up-and-down suspended shearing device 2 to move along the reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and the circumferential floating guide rail 3-2-2, periodically reciprocate up and down and fluctuate circumferentially, and move up and down on the reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and the circumferential floating guide rail 3-2-2, so that the metal particle body is sheared and crushed multiple times.

[0016] Further, the bottom of the material conveying and hot plasticizing device 3 is provided with a plurality of stirring bosses 3-3-3 which are regularly arranged from the center of the material conveying and hot plasticizing device 3 to the surrounding direction, so as to ensure that the hot plasticized metal material below is stirred uniformly.

[0017] Further, the mixing device 4 is composed of an assembly through hole 4-1, a feeding channel 4-2, a mixing cavity 4-3 and an extrusion discharge channel 4-4, and the cross-sectional shape of the discharge channel 4-3 is designed according to the structure of the extruded profile member 5 to be prepared.

[0018] Further, the profile correcting device 6 is composed of an upper profile correcting roller 6-1 and a lower profile correcting roller 6-2, and the two profile correcting rollers simultaneously roll and convey the extruded profile member 5 to eliminate the residual stress and deformation of the extruded profile member 5.

[0019] In the second aspect, the application further provides a method for stirring and frictionally increasing the additive extruded profile member, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0020] Firstly, the metal particle body is added into the space between the top of the mixing device 4 and the shearing device 1-3 through the feeding device 7, and in the process of falling downward under the action of gravity, the metal particle body is sheared into small metal particles by the shearing cutter on the shearing device 1-3.

[0021] Secondly, the up-and-down suspended shearing device 2 reciprocates up and down between the shearing device 1-3 and the stirring and material conveying part 3-3 along the reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and the circumferential floating guide rail 3-2-2, continuously shears the metal particle body, and then the metal particle body falls into the material conveying channel 3-3-2 along the material falling slope 3-3-1 and moves downward to the stirring boss 3-3-3.

[0022] The metal particle body material and the tool generate mechanical heat between them, the softened metal material is deformed plastically under high strain, the internal organization and composition of the material are uniform and the dislocation density is high, and with the continuous addition of the hot plasticized material in the space between the stirring and material conveying part 3-3 and the bottom of the mixing device 4, the metal material is continuously formed through the extrusion discharge channel 4-4, and finally the extruded profile member 5 is solidified by the profile correcting device 6.

[0023] Compared with the conventional method for manufacturing profile members, the application has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The apparatus and method for producing friction stir additive extrusion profiles employ the technical principle of two coaxial mixing steps and one coaxial deposition step, significantly achieving the integrated continuous forming of the composition, structure, and performance of the profiles.

[0025] 2. The fixed shearing device and the stir friction extrusion forming device of the present invention improve the multiple shearing and mixing uniformity of wires / strips / rods of different materials;

[0026] 3. The bottom profile structure forming channel structure design of the present invention plays a key role in the near-net forming of the profile, and successfully realizes the high-precision forming preparation of the profile structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a device for implementing the friction stir additive extrusion profile structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fixed shearing device;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upper and lower suspended shearing device;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the material feeding and thermoplasticizing device;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A bottom view of the material feeding and thermoplasticizing device;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the mixing device;

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the calibration device.

[0034] Attached icon description:

[0035] 1: Fixed shearing device; 2: Up and down suspended shearing device; 3: Material feeding and thermoplasticizing device; 4: Mixing device; 5: Extruded profile components; 6: Sizing device; 7: Feeding device

[0036] 1-1: Rotating axis, 1-2: Limiting part, 1-3: Shearing device, 1-3-1: Cutting knife, 1-3-2: Assembly pin hole

[0037] 2-1: cutting knife, 2-2: slide rail boss

[0038] 3-1: Assembly part, 3-2: Suspended motion part, 3-2-1: Reciprocating guide rail, 3-2-2: Circumferential floating guide rail; 3-3: Mixing and conveying part, 3-3-1: Dropping slope, 3-3-2: Feeding channel, 3-3-3: Mixing boss

[0039] 4-1: Assembly through hole, 4-2: Feed channel, 4-3: Mixing cavity, 4-4: Extrusion discharge channel

[0040] 6-1: Upper roller, 6-2: Lower roller DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Combine Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment is described as a device and method for stir friction additive extrusion profile structural parts. The basic device system structure consists of six parts: a fixed shearing device 1, an upper and lower suspended shearing device 2, a material feeding and thermal plasticizing device 3, a mixing device 4, a shaping device 6 and a feeding device 7.

[0043] The specific process is as follows: first, irregularly shaped metal particles mixed in a certain proportion are added to the space between the top of the mixing device 4 and the shearing device 1-3 through the feeding device 7. Under the action of gravity, the metal particles fall downward and are first sheared into smaller metal particles by the cutting knife on the shearing device 1-3. Then, the upper and lower suspended shearing device 2 reciprocates up and down along the reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and the circumferential floating guide rail 3-2-2 between the shearing device 1-3 and the stirring and conveying part 3-3, and shears the metal particles more fully and continuously. Then, the metal particles with uniform shape and composition are dropped along the falling inclined plate. The slope 3-3-1 falls into the feed channel 3-3-2 and moves downward to the stirring boss 3-3-3. The friction between the metal granular material and the tool generates mechanical heat and softens it. The softened metal material undergoes large plastic deformation under high strain. The internal structure and composition of the material are uniform and the dislocation density is high. With the continuous addition of the thermoplastic material in the stirring and feeding part 3-3 and the bottom space of the mixing device 4, the metal material will be continuously formed through the extrusion discharge channel 4-4, and finally the extruded profile component 5 will be solidified through the shaping device 6. This technology realizes the secondary coaxial mixing of the stir friction additive extrusion to prepare the profile structure, and the primary coaxial deposition high-precision forming preparation.

[0044] The embodiment is a fixed shearing device 1 in a device for friction stir additive extruded profile structural member, characterized in that the fixed shearing device 1 is composed of a rotating shaft 1-1, a limiting part 1-2 and a shearing device 1-3, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with an assembly plane, which can be mounted on the main shaft of the gantry machine tool equipment, and the specific design size is processed according to the size requirement of the tool shank of the gantry machine tool equipment; the shearing device 1-3 is provided with a cutting knife 1-3-1 and an assembly pin hole 1-3-2, the cutting side of the cutting knife 1-3-1 is processed into a V-shaped blade, and the assembly pin hole 1-3-2 is used for connecting the material conveying and thermoplasticizing device 3; and the rotating direction of the fixed shearing device 1 is opposite to the rotating direction of the material conveying channel.

[0045] The embodiment is a limiting part 1-2 on the top of the fixed shearing device 1 in a device for friction stir additive extruded profile structural member, which is mainly used for limiting the upward spatter of the metal particle body, and the limiting part 1-2 is gap-fitted with the top of the mixing device 4, and the assembly gap is smaller than the minimum size of the metal particle body.

[0046] The embodiment is a fixed shearing device 1 in a device for friction stir additive extruded profile structural member, wherein the cutting side of the shearing blade 1-3 is processed into a V-shaped blade 1-3-1, which is better for shearing the filled metal particle body material.

[0047] The embodiment is an up-and-down suspension type shearing device 2 in a device for friction stir additive extruded profile structural member, wherein the slide rail boss 2-2 on the device can be assembled on the suspension movement part 3-2, the fixed shearing device 1 continuously rotates to drive the up-and-down suspension type shearing device 2 to move along the reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and the circumferential floating type guide rail 3-2-2, and periodically reciprocate up and down and circumferentially fluctuate, so that the metal particle body is sheared and crushed multiple times, and the shape, size and composition of the metal particle body are more uniform.

[0048] The embodiment is a material conveying and thermoplasticizing device 3 in a device for friction stir additive extruded profile structural member, which mainly includes an assembly part 3-1, a suspension movement part 3-2 and a stirring and conveying part 3-3, wherein the outer surface of the assembly part 3-1 is processed into a threaded structure, which is used for being connected into the assembly pin hole 1-3-2 on the fixed shearing device 1.

[0049] The embodiment is a suspension movement part 3-2 on the material conveying and thermoplasticizing device 3 in a device for friction stir additive extruded profile structural member, wherein the outer surface is provided with a reciprocating guide rail 3-2-1 and a circumferential floating type guide rail 3-2-2, and the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail groove can be designed as a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a sawtooth and a circular arc, which is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the slide rail boss 2-2.

[0050] The plurality of stirring bosses 3-3-3 at the bottom of the material conveying and thermoplastizing device 3 are regularly arranged from the shaft center of the material conveying and thermoplastizing device 3 to the surrounding direction, so as to ensure the stirring and homogenization of the thermoplastized metal material below;

[0051] The mixing device 4 in the device for stirring and frictionally adding and extruding profile structural members is composed of four parts, i.e., an assembly through hole 4-1, a feeding channel 4-2, a mixing cavity 4-3 and an extrusion discharge channel 4-4.

[0052] The profile shaping device 6 in the device for stirring and frictionally adding and extruding profile structural members is composed of an upper profile shaping roller 6-1 and a lower profile shaping roller 6-2.

[0053] Compared with the conventional profile structural member manufacturing method, the device and method for stirring and frictionally adding and extruding profile structural members have the following advantages:

[0054] 1. The device and method for stirring and frictionally adding and extruding profile structural members adopt the technical principle of twice coaxial mixing and once coaxial deposition shaping, and significantly realize the integrated continuous shaping and preparation of the composition-structure-performance of the profile structural member.

[0055] 2. The fixed shearing device and the stirring and frictional extrusion shaping device improve the multiple shearing and mixing homogenization of the wires / tapes / rods of different materials.

[0056] 3. The bottom profile structure shaping channel structure design plays a key role in the near-net shaping of the profile, and successfully realizes the high-precision shaping and preparation of the profile structural member.

Claims

1. A device for friction stir additive extrusion of profiled structural parts, characterized in that: The device is composed of six parts: a fixed shearing device (1), an upper and lower suspended shearing device (2), a material feeding and thermoplasticizing device (3), a material mixing device (4), a shape correcting device (6) and a material feeding device (7); The upper and lower suspended shearing devices (2) are sleeved on the feeding and thermoplasticizing device (3), and the feeding and thermoplasticizing device (3) is fixedly installed on the fixed shearing device (1). The fixed shearing device (1), the upper and lower suspended shearing devices (2) and the feeding and thermoplasticizing device (3) installed from top to bottom are coaxially matched with the mixing device (4). The feeding device (7) is installed on the side of the mixing device (4), and the shape correction device (6) is correspondingly installed at the bottom of the mixing device (4). The fixed shearing device (1), the upper and lower suspended shearing device (2) and the feeding thermoplasticizing device (3) realize multiple shearing, crushing, friction softening and conveying of the fed metal material; the mixing device (4) provides a fixed device for mixing the filled metal material; the feeding device (7) realizes the feeding of the metal material; and the shaping device (6) performs the function of straightening and solidifying the profile structure manufactured by solid phase additive manufacturing.

2. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed shearing device (1) comprises, from top to bottom, a rotating shaft (1-1), a limiting portion (1-2), and a shearing device (1-3); an assembly plane is provided on the rotating shaft (1-1), which is mounted on the main shaft of a gantry machine tool, and the specific design dimensions are processed according to the tool handle dimension requirements of the gantry machine tool; A limiting portion (1-2) is provided on the top of the fixed shearing device (1) for limiting the upward splashing of the metal particles. The limiting portion (1-2) is clearance-matched with the top of the mixing device (4), and the assembly clearance is smaller than the minimum size of the metal particles.

3. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 2, wherein: The shearing device (1-3) is provided with a cutting knife (1-3-1) and an assembly pin hole (1-3-2). The cutting knife (1-3-1) cuts the side surface into a V-shaped blade. The assembly pin hole (1-3-2) is used to connect the feeding thermoplasticizing device (3). The rotation direction of the fixed shearing device (1) is the same as the rotation direction of the feeding channel.

4. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slide rail boss (2-2) is provided on the upper and lower suspended shearing device (2), and the slide rail boss (2-2) is assembled on the material feeding and thermoplasticizing device (3).

5. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material feeding and thermoplasticizing device (3) comprises, from top to bottom, an assembly portion (3-1), a suspension movement portion (3-2), and a stirring and material conveying portion (3-3); the outer surface of the assembly portion (3-1) is processed into a threaded structure for connecting to an assembly pin hole (1-3-2) on the fixed shearing device (1); The outer surface of the suspended motion part (3-2) is provided with a reciprocating guide rail (3-2-1) and a circumferential floating guide rail (3-2-2). The cross-sectional shapes of the two guide rail grooves are designed to be triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, sawtooth or circular arc, which are consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the slide rail boss (2-2).

6. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed shearing device (1) continuously rotates to drive the upper and lower suspended shearing devices (2) along two guide rail grooves, the reciprocating guide rail (3-2-1) and the circumferential floating guide rail (3-2-2), to periodically reciprocate up and down and circumferentially fluctuate. The circumferential floating guide rail (3-2-2) and the reciprocating guide rail (3-2-1) suspend and move up and down, thereby shearing and crushing the metal particles multiple times.

7. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of stirring bosses (3-3-3) are provided at the bottom of the feeding thermoplasticizing device (3), and are regularly arranged from the axis of the feeding thermoplasticizing device (3) to the surrounding directions, thereby ensuring that the thermoplasticized metal material below is stirred evenly.

8. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mixing device (4) consists of four parts: an assembly through hole (4-1), a feeding channel (4-2), a mixing cavity (4-3) and an extrusion discharge channel (4-4). The cross-sectional shape of the discharge channel (4-3) is designed according to the structure of the extruded profile component (5) to be prepared.

9. The device for producing a friction stir additive extrusion profile structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shaping device (6) is composed of an upper shaping roller (6-1) and a lower shaping roller (6-2). The two shaping rollers simultaneously roll and convey the extruded profile structure (5) up and down to eliminate the residual stress and deformation after extrusion.

10. A method for friction stir additive extrusion of a profile structure, characterized in that: The process is as follows: First, metal particles are added into the space between the top of the mixing device (4) and the shearing device (1-3) through the feeding device (7). Under the action of gravity, the metal particles fall downward and are sheared into fine metal particles by the cutting blades on the shearing device (1-3). Next, the upper and lower suspended shearing device (2) reciprocates up and down between the shearing device (1-3) and the stirring and conveying portion (3-3) along the reciprocating guide rail (3-2-1) and the circumferential floating guide rail (3-2-2), continuously shearing the metal particles, and then the metal particles fall into the feeding channel (3-3-2) along the falling slope (3-3-1) and move downward to the stirring boss (3-3-3); The friction between the metal granular material and the tool mechanically generates heat and softens the material. The softened metal material undergoes large plastic deformation under high strain. The internal structure and composition of the material are uniform and the dislocation density is high. As the thermoplastic material in the stirring and conveying part (3-3) and the bottom space of the mixing device (4) are continuously added, the metal material is continuously formed through the extrusion discharge channel (4-4), and finally the extruded profile component (5) is solidified through the shaping device (6).

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